US20050204658A1 - Internal structural lintel is for supporting unit masonry above an opening in a wall - Google Patents
Internal structural lintel is for supporting unit masonry above an opening in a wall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050204658A1 US20050204658A1 US10/805,126 US80512604A US2005204658A1 US 20050204658 A1 US20050204658 A1 US 20050204658A1 US 80512604 A US80512604 A US 80512604A US 2005204658 A1 US2005204658 A1 US 2005204658A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- masonry
- wall
- opening
- lintel
- supporting unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C2003/023—Lintels
Definitions
- This invention relates to building construction, specifically to a support for masonry units over a wall opening.
- An opening in a masonry wall can be effected by forming a natural arch whereby gravity forces on the masonry are directed to the ends of the arch through compression of the masonry units and the mortar.
- a semi-circular arch is a very efficient shape for transferring the vertical forces to the ends of the opening.
- Gravity forces can be transferred to major structural elements of the building (e.g. beams and columns) using steel rods and shapes attached with mechanical or welded connections to the structural elements.
- the masonry units rest on a steel shelf that is attached to the steel rod or shape.
- a steel angle is a very common shelf for masonry that can be connected to beams, anchored to concrete floor slab, or merely rested on masonry jambs at each side of the opening.
- Another means of supporting brick masonry over an opening is resting it on reinforced concrete that has been prepared to either complement the masonry or mimic it with coloring and surfacing.
- Yet another means of supporting masonry is with internal structural members fully contained within the wall and having some form of hanger element that relies on the mortar in some way to help carry the bricks. Examples of this can be seen in U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,412,477, 2,325,614, and 2,361,828, and also in the Concealed Lintel manufactured by the Halfen division of Meadow Burke Products headquartered in Tampa Fla.
- a true arch is very simple and efficient but is limited in proportions. It may be desired to achieve an aesthetic different from a semi-circular head. It is possible to construct an arch with a dimension from the spring line to the apex less than half its width, however the lower the ratio of these dimensions, the greater the amount of side thrust exerted by the arch. The magnitude of the thrust can become prohibitively large, especially if the thrust is directed against a column or pier of limited width. Another condition of concern is a wide jamb (deep pocket in a wall). In this case much of the arch bears on and thrusts against a veneer of masonry whose plane is perpendicular to the thrust force and therefore cannot offer substantial resistance.
- Reinforced concrete lintels are heavy in comparison with other common methods. This can be a significant disadvantage during construction because a crane is required for a trade that normally would not need one. Excessive weight can also exceed structural limits of bearing pressure on the masonry at the jambs of the opening, where this type of lintel is usually supported. Finally, this method like others can be limiting for a designer.
- This invention is much lighter and typically can be set without a crane.
- the lower weight also reduces pressure at the bearings.
- the visible product is masonry installed by a craftsman, rather than a facsimile.
- FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the lintel with some brick removed for clarity.
- FIG. 2 is an elevation view of an opening in a brick wall.
- FIG. 3 is a section view taken through FIG. 2 .
- a masonry unit 1 is attached to a perforated suspension member 3 by means of a mechanical anchor 2 .
- This attachment is made in the field-by the mason building the wall.
- the perforations in the suspension member allow adjustment in two directions.
- the suspension member 3 is attached in turn to an attachment angle 4 by means of a welded or mechanical connection. This connection is made in the shop to form an assembly.
- the attachment angle is fastened to a connection strut 5 using a strut fastener 8 .
- This connection is made in the field by the mason building the wall.
- the connection strut 5 is attached to a support beam 6 using a series of welded or mechanical connections. These connections are made in the shop to form an assembly.
- the connection strut is continuous along the length of the support beam.
- the suspension member 3 can be located anywhere along the support beam 6 allowing adjustment in the third dimension.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
Abstract
An internal lintel where masonry units are mechanically attached to a suspension member 3 by means of an anchor 2. The suspension member is attached to a hidden support beam 6 by means of a continuous strut 5 and strut fastener 8. No part of the lintel is visible after construction of the wall is complete.
Description
- 1. Field of Invention
- This invention relates to building construction, specifically to a support for masonry units over a wall opening.
- 2. Discussion of Prior Art
- An opening in a masonry wall can be effected by forming a natural arch whereby gravity forces on the masonry are directed to the ends of the arch through compression of the masonry units and the mortar. A semi-circular arch is a very efficient shape for transferring the vertical forces to the ends of the opening.
- Gravity forces can be transferred to major structural elements of the building (e.g. beams and columns) using steel rods and shapes attached with mechanical or welded connections to the structural elements. The masonry units rest on a steel shelf that is attached to the steel rod or shape. A steel angle is a very common shelf for masonry that can be connected to beams, anchored to concrete floor slab, or merely rested on masonry jambs at each side of the opening.
- Another means of supporting brick masonry over an opening is resting it on reinforced concrete that has been prepared to either complement the masonry or mimic it with coloring and surfacing.
- Yet another means of supporting masonry is with internal structural members fully contained within the wall and having some form of hanger element that relies on the mortar in some way to help carry the bricks. Examples of this can be seen in U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,412,477, 2,325,614, and 2,361,828, and also in the Concealed Lintel manufactured by the Halfen division of Meadow Burke Products headquartered in Tampa Fla.
- A true arch is very simple and efficient but is limited in proportions. It may be desired to achieve an aesthetic different from a semi-circular head. It is possible to construct an arch with a dimension from the spring line to the apex less than half its width, however the lower the ratio of these dimensions, the greater the amount of side thrust exerted by the arch. The magnitude of the thrust can become prohibitively large, especially if the thrust is directed against a column or pier of limited width. Another condition of concern is a wide jamb (deep pocket in a wall). In this case much of the arch bears on and thrusts against a veneer of masonry whose plane is perpendicular to the thrust force and therefore cannot offer substantial resistance.
- Systems that utilize steel allow much more freedom of design. The problem with typical shelf lintels is exposure. It is frequently undesirable to have steel elements exposed to view. There is also the issue of protection from the elements and continued maintenance of that protection. Most typically this protection is in the form of paint, which must be reapplied every few years. This invention can be galvanized and is protected from the elements by the masonry veneer. Its life expectancy is as long as that of the building without additional maintenance.
- Reinforced concrete lintels are heavy in comparison with other common methods. This can be a significant disadvantage during construction because a crane is required for a trade that normally would not need one. Excessive weight can also exceed structural limits of bearing pressure on the masonry at the jambs of the opening, where this type of lintel is usually supported. Finally, this method like others can be limiting for a designer.
- This invention is much lighter and typically can be set without a crane. The lower weight also reduces pressure at the bearings. The visible product is masonry installed by a craftsman, rather than a facsimile.
- Other internal lintels offer significant freedom for a design professional, but still have limitations. All the listed examples of internal lintels place their strength elements within the joints between courses of masonry, either oriented horizontally or vertically. This limits the bond pattern achievable with the lintel. This also places a practical limit on the strength of the main element and a corresponding limit on the width of an opening. This invention places the support beam above and behind the masonry units so it can have a larger cross-section and greater strength. Added cross section is particularly important where seismic motion is a concern and forces can be in any direction. The previously listed lintels have minimal strength perpendicular to the major plane of the beam. The final advantage of this invention over previous patents is the mechanical connection between the masonry units and the support beam giving superior resistance to wind or earthquake loads.
-
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the lintel with some brick removed for clarity. -
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of an opening in a brick wall. -
FIG. 3 is a section view taken throughFIG. 2 . - Reference numerals in the figures represent the following:
-
- 1. brick
- 2. mechanical anchor
- 3. perforated suspension member
- 4. attachment angle
- 5. connection strut
- 6. support beam
- 7. bearing jamb (cripple stud)
- 8. strut fastener
- A
masonry unit 1 is attached to aperforated suspension member 3 by means of amechanical anchor 2. This attachment is made in the field-by the mason building the wall. The perforations in the suspension member allow adjustment in two directions. Thesuspension member 3 is attached in turn to anattachment angle 4 by means of a welded or mechanical connection. This connection is made in the shop to form an assembly. The attachment angle is fastened to aconnection strut 5 using a strut fastener 8. This connection is made in the field by the mason building the wall. Theconnection strut 5 is attached to asupport beam 6 using a series of welded or mechanical connections. These connections are made in the shop to form an assembly. The connection strut is continuous along the length of the support beam. Thesuspension member 3 can be located anywhere along thesupport beam 6 allowing adjustment in the third dimension.
Claims (1)
1. I claim a means of structural support for masonry units over a wall opening where the units are directly and mechanically attached to a member located within the masonry joint and recessed from the surface, said member in turn connecting to a support beam which is located wholly behind the masonry veneer.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/805,126 US20050204658A1 (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2004-03-22 | Internal structural lintel is for supporting unit masonry above an opening in a wall |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/805,126 US20050204658A1 (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2004-03-22 | Internal structural lintel is for supporting unit masonry above an opening in a wall |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050204658A1 true US20050204658A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
Family
ID=34984664
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/805,126 Abandoned US20050204658A1 (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2004-03-22 | Internal structural lintel is for supporting unit masonry above an opening in a wall |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050204658A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090071092A1 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | Jose Vieira | Structural Lintel Assembly And Building Construction Method Using The Same |
CN108166679A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-06-15 | 中建八局第建设有限公司 | A kind of concrete lintel constructing structure and its construction method |
US10443239B2 (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2019-10-15 | Columbia Insurance Company | Long span masonry lintel support system |
US10480197B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 | 2019-11-19 | Columbia Insurance Company | Masonry support |
CN112900620A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 清华大学 | UHPC-based assembled combined beam-column joint and construction method thereof |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2325614A (en) * | 1942-01-06 | 1943-08-03 | John J Klaber | Lintel |
US2361828A (en) * | 1942-01-23 | 1944-10-31 | Drayer Donald Hudson | Lintel |
US4020612A (en) * | 1974-10-21 | 1977-05-03 | Smith Pipe And Steel Co. | Lintel structure |
US4757656A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1988-07-19 | Powers Jr John A | Lintel system |
US5138808A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1992-08-18 | Superlite Block | Masonry block wall system and method |
US6854219B1 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2005-02-15 | Meadow Burke Products | Adjustable apparatus and method for supporting a concealed spine within a masonry lintel |
US20050086881A1 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-04-28 | Greenberg Harold H. | Lintel supported masonry wall system and method |
US20060179738A1 (en) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-17 | Cast-Crete Corporation | Lintel |
-
2004
- 2004-03-22 US US10/805,126 patent/US20050204658A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2325614A (en) * | 1942-01-06 | 1943-08-03 | John J Klaber | Lintel |
US2361828A (en) * | 1942-01-23 | 1944-10-31 | Drayer Donald Hudson | Lintel |
US4020612A (en) * | 1974-10-21 | 1977-05-03 | Smith Pipe And Steel Co. | Lintel structure |
US5138808A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1992-08-18 | Superlite Block | Masonry block wall system and method |
US4757656A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1988-07-19 | Powers Jr John A | Lintel system |
US6854219B1 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2005-02-15 | Meadow Burke Products | Adjustable apparatus and method for supporting a concealed spine within a masonry lintel |
US20050086881A1 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-04-28 | Greenberg Harold H. | Lintel supported masonry wall system and method |
US20060179738A1 (en) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-17 | Cast-Crete Corporation | Lintel |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090071092A1 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | Jose Vieira | Structural Lintel Assembly And Building Construction Method Using The Same |
US7908804B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2011-03-22 | Vieira Jose | Structural lintel assembly and building construction method using the same |
US10443239B2 (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2019-10-15 | Columbia Insurance Company | Long span masonry lintel support system |
US10480197B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 | 2019-11-19 | Columbia Insurance Company | Masonry support |
CN108166679A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-06-15 | 中建八局第建设有限公司 | A kind of concrete lintel constructing structure and its construction method |
CN112900620A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 清华大学 | UHPC-based assembled combined beam-column joint and construction method thereof |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |