US20050178053A1 - Combustible in the form of compressed elements containing plant material and method for the production of such a combustible - Google Patents

Combustible in the form of compressed elements containing plant material and method for the production of such a combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050178053A1
US20050178053A1 US10/511,866 US51186604A US2005178053A1 US 20050178053 A1 US20050178053 A1 US 20050178053A1 US 51186604 A US51186604 A US 51186604A US 2005178053 A1 US2005178053 A1 US 2005178053A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
straw
fuel
components
fuel according
compacts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/511,866
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English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Kleedorfer
Felix Vidensky
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Jpw Inc
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20050178053A1 publication Critical patent/US20050178053A1/en
Assigned to JPW, INC. reassignment JPW, INC. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LONGTAIL AD SOLUTIONS, INC.
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/361—Briquettes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combustible [fuel] in the form of compressed bodies or elements [compacts] with a content of plant material and a method of producing such a fuel.
  • the fuel so produced is especially suitable for grilling in the preparation of foods and it is known that the quality of the fuel and its combustion properties has a significant influence on the quality of the food to be prepared. Further the invention is intended to find a way to economically utilize plant components which are available in large volumes like straw, hardwood particles or cocoanut shells.
  • the fuel and the combustion gases must not be objectionable from a point of view of the foodstuff technology.
  • the fuel must ensure that there will be no falsification of the taste or aroma of the grilled food product or, preferably, must impart a satisfactory seasoning or taste to the product.
  • the fuel should be easily handleable and reliable.
  • the ability to handle the fuel means that the fuel should be easily ignitable.
  • the burning properties which are especially desirable for grilling include the ability of the fuel upon generation of heat by burning to store the heat so that in subsequent incandescent phases a uniform and uniform delivery of the heat to the grilled product over the longest possible time can occur.
  • the fuel should also be usable advantageously for general heating purposes.
  • the method according to the invention of producing the fuel compact [briquette] is characterized in that the straw or straw components and the comminuted hardwood and or coconut sells are moistened with a microorganism suspension and permitted to ferment for about two to four seeks, whereby the fermentation of the straw components is effected aerobically or anaerobically and the fermentation of the hardwood particles or coconut shell particles is effected anaerobically and that the fermented components to the extent necessary are comminuted, are mixed optionally with an addition or a preparation of inorganic substances like limestone granulate, and dried and then pressed into compacts under a pressure of preferably 700 to 900 kg/cm 2 .
  • the compacts are preferably coated with a water-shedding coating of stearin by immersion or spraying to form a coating which burns without a residue.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a perspective view an embodiment of the fuel
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show the compact and an ignition promoter separate from the compact.
  • FIG. 4 shows in a perspective view a further embodiment of the fuel.
  • FIG. 5 shows in section a third embodiment of the fuel in a radial cut.
  • the fuel consists of a compact with a count of plant material which is a combination of two components:
  • Both the straw or straw components and the hardwood particles or coconut shell particles are digested up prior to pressing by fermentation.
  • the straw can be practically any kind of straw. With respect to the quantity requirements of the straw, hemp straw, linen [flax] straw, rye straw, rice straw and barley straw the straw is preferably comminuted to a particle size of 0.5 to 2.0 cm.
  • the straw can be processed as it is available naturally or in the form of so-called straw scrapings, or as the residue of straw which has been freed from its fiber component. The latter can arise from the treatment of straw to recover the fiber component form the raw straw leaving the straw scrapings as an inexpensive waste product.
  • the hardwood or coconut shell particles have preferably a size of 0.5 to 0.7 cms and also arise as waste products which are available inexpensively.
  • the hardwood particles can derive preferably from beech, oak, maple, birch, cherry, plum or eucalyptus wood and can be produced in the process of those woods.
  • the hemp straw is especially suitable because of its high fuel value and its burning properties for the purposes of the present invention.
  • unbroken straw or residues from the breaking of straw can be used.
  • the mentioned plant raw materials are used in a fermented form.
  • the fermentation results in a digestion of the components of the plant material or an opening up of the structure thereof which has an advantageous effect on the burning properties of the fuel and the aroma development upon combustion.
  • fermenting agents can be used which, for example, are commercially available as composting promoters or as auxiliary agents in the animal feed field.
  • these include mixtures of microorganisms and fermenting agents which can digest cellulose contained in the plant materials.
  • the fermenting agents which have been found to be effective for the present invention are for example those marketed under the designation EM-1 of the Firm Multi kraft Futterstoff Ges. M.b.H.
  • the fermentation of the straw or the straw components can be carried out aerobically, for example even free in the field.
  • the material to be fermented is dissolved in a 3% aqueous solution, and 3% raw sugar and an additional 1% molasses (turnip or beet or raw molasses) are added. After a heating to about 65° Cm the solution is incubated for two weeks at about 35° C. so that a corresponding multiplication of the microorganisms occurs.
  • the microorganisms comprise a mixture of lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, photosynthesis bacteria, actinomactinomycetes and other fungi.
  • the thus-obtained culture solution is applied to the straw material for aerobic digestion in a dilution of 1 to 100 weight water. After a fermentation duration of about 2 to 4 weeks, the fermentation process was terminated. The fermentation of the straw could be carried out anaerobically in a silo.
  • the fermentation is preferably carried out anaerobically in a silo.
  • the fermentation duration also is up to four weeks.
  • the fermentation solution can in this case be used in a higher dosage, for example with a dilution of 1 to 50, by comparison using the aforementioned culture substrate.
  • the fermented raw product is dried, preferably comminuted and mixed in desired proportion, for example 70% by weight straw and 30% by weight coconut shell and then pressed into compacts as desired with a press pressure between 700 and 900 kg/cm 2 preferably a continuous press is used in which the aforementioned high press pressure is obtained with pressing pulses (for example 200 pulses per minute).
  • pressing pulses for example 200 pulses per minute.
  • the individual pieces of the compact are cut from the pressed strand. Typically the individual pieces are around disks or rings with a diameter of for example 10 cm and a disk thickness of 4 cm.
  • the high pressure produces a stabile compact which is mechanically strong.
  • the compacts are then provided with a water repellent coating which can burn without residue.
  • a water repellent coating which can burn without residue.
  • stearin is used as the coating material since it can be burned completely and produces no taste or aroma variations in the grilled food product.
  • the compacts preferably are provided with holes to facilitate both ignition and burning.
  • a ring-shaped compact is produced which has a central hole.
  • the hole however can also be located off-center.
  • the compact is provided with an ignition promoter.
  • the ignition promoter is preferably so constructed so that it can burn completely without influencing taste or aroma.
  • a preferred ignition promoter is comprised of an easily ignitable fuel like straw component or wood meal with stearin as a binder. A paste is made from these components and can be applied hot to one of these surfaces of the compact.
  • Another alternative is to insert the ignition promoter into the hole of the compact.
  • the ignition promoter is itself ring shaped so that a hole remains in the fuel at which ignition can occur and to simplify construction.
  • the hole in the center of the compact preferably has a diameter of 2 to 3 cm. Upon filling of this hole with a perforated ignition promoter, a free hole diameter of 1 to 2 cms can remain. For ignition the ignition promoter can also be provided with a wick.
  • a ratio between the straw component and the hardwood or coconut shell component should be selected as will be appropriate.
  • An example of a suitable mixing ratio is for example 70% straw and 30% hardwood and/or coconut shell.
  • the ignition promoter is comprised of 25% hemp fiber and up to 75% hemp shavings.
  • the wick can be comprised of twisted hemp fiber and can have a thickness of 2 to 3 mm.
  • an additive in the form of inorganic material is admixed with the fermented material of the compact.
  • this inorganic material is a limestone granulate.
  • the limestone has the advantage of storing heat which arises from the combustion of the fuel without exploding. The stored heat contributes to a greater incandescent property and contributes to uniformity of the heating of the grilled product or the ambient space [in the case of space heating].
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment.
  • the compact 1 is of ring-shape configuration and has a central hole 4 passing completely through the compact.
  • the ignition promoter 2 with a wick 3 is seated in this hole.
  • the ignition promoter is comprised of pressed straw components and, for example, hemp fibers.
  • the ignition promoter 2 is also arranged in the hole 4 but however has internally the aforedescribed hole 5 .
  • the wick 3 can also here be provided although it is not absolutely necessary.
  • This ignition promoter can be composed for example of wood dust and a stearin binder.
  • the ignition promoter is inserted as a finished element in the fuel according to FIGS. 1 to 3 .
  • the ignition promoter is injected in a pasty form and the hole 5 is produced by an appropriate mandrel.
  • FIG. 5 shows a third variant of the fuel in cross section and in this embodiment the ignition promoter 2 can have a different configuration, here as a layer of a thickness of 2 to 3 mm on a flat side of the compact 1 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
US10/511,866 2002-04-17 2003-04-16 Combustible in the form of compressed elements containing plant material and method for the production of such a combustible Abandoned US20050178053A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA591/2002 2002-04-17
AT0059102A AT411766B (de) 2002-04-17 2002-04-17 Brennstoff mit integriertem zünder
PCT/EP2003/003966 WO2003087275A1 (de) 2002-04-17 2003-04-16 Brennstoff in form von presslingen mit gehalt an pflanzenmaterial und ein verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen brennstoffes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20050178053A1 true US20050178053A1 (en) 2005-08-18

Family

ID=28679372

Family Applications (1)

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US10/511,866 Abandoned US20050178053A1 (en) 2002-04-17 2003-04-16 Combustible in the form of compressed elements containing plant material and method for the production of such a combustible

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20050178053A1 (enExample)
EP (1) EP1495097B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP2005530864A (enExample)
AT (2) AT411766B (enExample)
AU (1) AU2003232475A1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE50307377D1 (enExample)
ES (1) ES2287503T3 (enExample)
WO (1) WO2003087275A1 (enExample)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1037516C2 (nl) * 2009-12-01 2011-06-06 Ramon Raphael Eduardo Veneman De uitvinding betreft een brandstof in vaste vorm, zoals openhaardhout, haardblok vervaardigt uit zaagsel en/of paraffine, of dergelijke, vertoont het kenmerk dat het product voorzien is van een of meerdere uitsparingen, waarvan de diameter en de afstand en locatie van de uitsparing en/of uitsparingen kan en/of kunnen verschillen, zodanig dat de luchtstroom tijdens de verbranding verbeterd, dan wel gelijkmatiger rondom het product is.
WO2014144051A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Enginuity Worldwide, LLC Composite carbonaceous fuel compact
WO2015010232A1 (zh) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 唐锋机电科技（深圳）有限公司 一种椰糠燃料及其制备方法
EP2606140B1 (en) * 2010-08-19 2015-10-14 Newfoss Holding B.V. A process for the conversion of biomass of plant origin, and a combustion process

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2864831B1 (fr) * 2004-01-06 2007-06-08 Bruno Mario Gaston Morselli Combustible solide issu de la biomasse vegetale
AT506995B1 (de) 2008-06-23 2010-06-15 Entwicklung Von Festen Brennst Grill
CH717114A1 (fr) * 2020-02-05 2021-08-16 Michael Jacques Debize Procédé de fabrication à partir de jacinthes.

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2036300A (en) * 1933-08-23 1936-04-07 Du Pont Pigmented coating composition
US2382568A (en) * 1942-03-20 1945-08-14 Karim Ali Manufacture of molded products from vegetable starting material
US2531828A (en) * 1945-02-20 1950-11-28 Lloyd G Schultz Coated fuel impregnated block
US3711392A (en) * 1971-02-16 1973-01-16 J Metzger Method for the utilization of organic waste material
US4435232A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-03-06 Apache Powder Company Explosive composition
US5421836A (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-06-06 Ross; Benjamin R. Organic charcoal briquet and method of manufacture
US20020063358A1 (en) * 2000-10-18 2002-05-30 Martin Grohman Composite products comprising cellulosic materials and synthetic resins and methods of making the same

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR953091A (fr) * 1947-09-03 1949-11-30 Agglomérés de matières combustibles, utilisables dans des appareils appropriés
FR2150245A1 (en) * 1971-08-20 1973-04-06 Cauvin Raymond Treatment of urban waste - to give a granular compost
US4314825A (en) * 1980-08-26 1982-02-09 Paquette Gerald J Process of preparing combustible solid fuel
WO1993021287A1 (en) * 1992-04-13 1993-10-28 Sjoberg Partners, Inc. Process for converting sludge into a fuel or a soil conditioner
DE4213829C2 (de) * 1992-04-28 1994-11-03 Hoelter Heinz Verfahren zum Herstellen eines umweltfreundlichen Brennstoffes aus abgestorbenem Holz

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2036300A (en) * 1933-08-23 1936-04-07 Du Pont Pigmented coating composition
US2382568A (en) * 1942-03-20 1945-08-14 Karim Ali Manufacture of molded products from vegetable starting material
US2531828A (en) * 1945-02-20 1950-11-28 Lloyd G Schultz Coated fuel impregnated block
US3711392A (en) * 1971-02-16 1973-01-16 J Metzger Method for the utilization of organic waste material
US4435232A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-03-06 Apache Powder Company Explosive composition
US5421836A (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-06-06 Ross; Benjamin R. Organic charcoal briquet and method of manufacture
US20020063358A1 (en) * 2000-10-18 2002-05-30 Martin Grohman Composite products comprising cellulosic materials and synthetic resins and methods of making the same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1037516C2 (nl) * 2009-12-01 2011-06-06 Ramon Raphael Eduardo Veneman De uitvinding betreft een brandstof in vaste vorm, zoals openhaardhout, haardblok vervaardigt uit zaagsel en/of paraffine, of dergelijke, vertoont het kenmerk dat het product voorzien is van een of meerdere uitsparingen, waarvan de diameter en de afstand en locatie van de uitsparing en/of uitsparingen kan en/of kunnen verschillen, zodanig dat de luchtstroom tijdens de verbranding verbeterd, dan wel gelijkmatiger rondom het product is.
EP2606140B1 (en) * 2010-08-19 2015-10-14 Newfoss Holding B.V. A process for the conversion of biomass of plant origin, and a combustion process
US10982849B2 (en) 2010-08-19 2021-04-20 Newfoss Holding B.V. Process for the conversion of biomass of plant origin, and a combustion process
WO2014144051A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Enginuity Worldwide, LLC Composite carbonaceous fuel compact
CN105164236A (zh) * 2013-03-15 2015-12-16 恩吉纽泰全球有限责任公司 复合碳质燃料块
WO2015010232A1 (zh) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 唐锋机电科技（深圳）有限公司 一种椰糠燃料及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003232475A1 (en) 2003-10-27
EP1495097B1 (de) 2007-05-30
ES2287503T3 (es) 2007-12-16
EP1495097A1 (de) 2005-01-12
ATE363524T1 (de) 2007-06-15
JP2005530864A (ja) 2005-10-13
WO2003087275A1 (de) 2003-10-23
AT411766B (de) 2004-05-25
DE50307377D1 (de) 2007-07-12
ATA5912002A (de) 2003-10-15

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STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION

AS Assignment

Owner name: JPW, INC., NEW YORK

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:LONGTAIL AD SOLUTIONS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:068887/0150

Effective date: 20241009