US20050040360A1 - Formaldehyde-free durable press finishing agent - Google Patents

Formaldehyde-free durable press finishing agent Download PDF

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US20050040360A1
US20050040360A1 US10/643,294 US64329403A US2005040360A1 US 20050040360 A1 US20050040360 A1 US 20050040360A1 US 64329403 A US64329403 A US 64329403A US 2005040360 A1 US2005040360 A1 US 2005040360A1
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fabrics
sodium
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glyoxal
crosslinker
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Seung Kim
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Green Tex Chem Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/30—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with oxides of halogens, oxyacids of halogens or their salts, e.g. with perchlorates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/80—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides
    • D06M11/82—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides with boron oxides; with boric, meta- or perboric acids or their salts, e.g. with borax
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • D06M13/123—Polyaldehydes; Polyketones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • D06M13/148—Polyalcohols, e.g. glycerol or glucose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/20—Treatment influencing the crease behaviour, the wrinkle resistance, the crease recovery or the ironing ease

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a durable press finishing agent containing no formaldehyde harmful to the human body, and more particularly, to a durable press finish composition, which contains: glyoxal as a crosslinker; ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol as an agent for modifying the crosslinker; aluminum salt, magnesium salt or citric acid as a catalyst for imparting wrinkle-free performance to fabrics; and sodium tetraborate, sodium peroxoborate, sodium chlorite or sodium hydrogen sulfate as an additive for preventing a reduction in strength of fabrics and for increasing the whiteness of fabrics.
  • glyoxal as a crosslinker
  • ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol as an agent for modifying the crosslinker
  • aluminum salt, magnesium salt or citric acid as a catalyst for imparting wrinkle-free performance to fabrics
  • sodium tetraborate, sodium peroxoborate, sodium chlorite or sodium hydrogen sulfate as an additive for preventing a reduction in strength of fabrics and for increasing the whiteness
  • Durable press finishing which is also called the wash and wear finishing or the DP finishing, is conducted for the purpose of artificially forming crosslinkages at a non-crystalline region of cellulose forming cotton fabrics to increase the elastic limit of the cotton fabrics, thereby giving wrinkling-free performance and shape stability to the cotton fabrics.
  • a crosslinker which has been most frequently used till now in the industrial durable press finishing of cotton fabrics is dimethyloldihydroxyethyl urea (DMDHDU) which forms ether-type crosslinkages with the hydroxyl group of cellulose.
  • DMDHDU dimethyloldihydroxyethyl urea
  • this crosslinker generates formaldehyde harmful to the human body, and thus, is currently used in a limited manner.
  • polycarboxylic acids which form ester-type crosslinkages with the hydroxyl group of cellulose and do not generate formaldehyde.
  • butanetetracarboxylic acid where four adjacent carbon molecules are attached to carboxylic acid is known as having the most excellent effect.
  • this butanetetracarboxylic acid is disadvantageous in that it can cause the eutrophication of lakes or rivers upon the durable press finishing of fabrics with it due to a phosphorus component of sodium hypophosphite known as the most excellent catalyst. Furthermore, it can cause a change in color tone depending on a dye upon dying and also is highly expensive such that it cannot be used in industrial applications. Thus, there is an urgent need for a crosslinker, which does not generate formaldehyde harmful to the human body and allows the finishing costs of fabrics to be reduced.
  • glyoxal is used in the synthesis of DMDHEU, it may also give excellent wrinkle-free performance by itself. Moreover, glyoxal has various advantages as compared to other crosslinkers. First, it has low costs and thus allows the finishing costs of fabrics to be reduced. Also, it is supplied in a highly stable aqueous solution, and thus, considerably easily handled. In addition, it has little or no poisonous character, and thus, can be used as a crosslinker having no harmful effect on the human body. However, when aluminum salt is used as a catalyst in durable press finishing using glyoxal as a crosslinker, fabrics can give excellent wrinkle-free performance but is disadvantageous in that serious reductions in strength and whiteness of fabrics can be caused.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a durable press finish composition wherein glyoxal, which is inexpensive and substantially non-poisonous to the human body, is used as a crosslinker, and a catalyst of a kind and amount, that are selected such that the glyoxal can give fabrics wrinkle-free performance which is equal or superior to the prior crosslinkers, is used.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a durable press finish composition, which can minimize reductions in strength and whiteness of fabrics.
  • the present invention provides a durable press finish composition, which comprises: a crosslinker for giving wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, which consists of glyoxal dissolved in water at a concentration of 3-10% by weight; an agent for modifying the crosslinker, which is selected from ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol and contained at a molar ratio of 1:1 relative to the glyoxal; a catalyst selected from aluminum sulfate and a mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid, the aluminum sulfate being contained at a molar ratio of 0.01-0.08 relative to the glyoxal, and the mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid being contained at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.6 relative to the glyoxal, the citric acid being contained at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.5 relative to the magnesium chloride; and an additive selected from sodium tetraborate, sodium peroxoborate, sodium chlorite and sodium hydrogen sulfate wherein the sodium
  • the present invention relates to a durable press finish composition, which contains: glyoxal as a crosslinker for imparting wrinkle-free performance to fabrics; ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol as an agent for modifying the crosslinker; aluminum salt, magnesium salt or citric acid as a catalyst; and sodium tetraborate, sodium peroxoborate, sodium chlorite or sodium hydrogen sulfate as an additive.
  • Formula 1 below shows the chelation of three compositions of glyoxal available as a 40% aqueous solution with a metal catalyst.
  • Reaction Scheme 1 below shows the reaction between cellulose, glyoxal and ethylene glycol.
  • Formula 2 shows the structure of ethylene glycol, which is used as an agent for modifying the crosslinker in the present invention.
  • HOCH 2 CH 2 OH [Formula 2]
  • Formula 3 shows the structure of diethylene glycol, which is used as an agent for modifying the crosslinker in the present invention.
  • HOCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OH [Formula 3]
  • Formula 4 shows the structure of aluminum sulfate, which is used as a catalyst in the present invention.
  • the catalyst there can be all hydrates where x is 14-18, and preferably 16.
  • Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 .xH 2 O wherein x 14 to 18.
  • Formula 6 below shows the structure of citric acid, which is used as a catalyst in the present invention.
  • Formula 8 shows the structure of sodium peroxoborate, which is used as an additive in the present invention.
  • Formula 9 shows the structure of sodium chlorite, which is used as an additive in the present invention.
  • NaClO 2 [Formula 9]
  • Formula 10 shows the structure of sodium hydrogen sulfate, which is used as an additive in the present invention.
  • Formula 11 shows the structure of sodium phosphate monobasic, which is used as a buffer in the present invention.
  • NaH 2 PO 4 [Formula 11]
  • glyoxal of Formula 1 is dissolved in water at a weight ratio of 3-10%, to which one of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol represented by Formulas 2 and 3, respectively, is added at a molar ratio of 1:1 relative to the glyoxal.
  • the catalyst of Formula 4, 5 or 6 is added at a specified amount, and then, the additive of Formula 7, 8, 9 or 10 is added at a specified amount, thereby giving the durable press finish solution composition.
  • Fabrics are dipped in the prepared solution to sufficiently wet them with the solution, and then, passed through padding rollers and these procedures are repeated one time.
  • the fabrics wet with the solution are pre-dried on a tenter at 80-100° C., and then, thermally treated at a temperature of 130-180° C. to form crosslinkages between cellulose molecules in a non-crystalline region of celluloses.
  • the thermally treated fabrics are sufficiently washed with water at 50° C., and then, dried on a tenter at a temperature of 80-100° C., thereby completing the durable press finishing of the fabrics.
  • glyoxal as a crosslinker for imparting wrinkle-free performance to fabrics is preferably dissolved in water at a concentration of 3-10% by weight. If its concentration in water is lower than 3% by weight, it cannot impart wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, and if its concentration in water is higher than 10% by weight, a reduction in strength of fabrics will be caused.
  • ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol as an agent for modifying the crosslinker is preferably used at a molar ratio of 1:1 relative to the glyoxal.
  • ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol causes a change in length and shape of the crosslinkage formed between fibers, and thus, has a positive effect on the wrinkle-free performance of fabrics.
  • metal salt catalysts or organic acid catalysts serving as Lewis acid in aqueous solution may be used as a catalyst in the present invention
  • magnesium chloride when used alone, cannot give fabrics wrinkle-free performance, but the use of a mixture of magnesium sulfate and citric acid can impart high-level wrinkle-free performance to fabrics.
  • magnesium chloride is preferably used at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.6 relative to glyoxal, and citric acid is used at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.5 relative to magnesium chloride.
  • the additive used in the present invention acts to prevent the reduction of strength and whiteness of treated fabrics by competition with the catalyst in the reaction between cellulose and the catalyst.
  • the additive of Formula 8 or the additive of Formula 9 in the present invention is preferably used at a weight ratio of 0.1-0.6% relative to the solution composition. If the additive is used at the amount of less than 0.1% by weight, it cannot serve to prevent the reduction of strength and whiteness of fabrics, and if it is used at the amount of more than 0.6, it will adversely affect the wrinkle-free performance of fabrics.
  • the additive of Formula 10 is preferably used at the amount of 0.01-0.08% by weight relative to the solution composition.
  • the present invention provides the durable press finish composition wherein glyoxal, which contains no poisonous formaldehyde, has low costs and can give fabrics excellent wrinkle-free performance, is used as a crosslinker, and at the same time, the catalyst and additive of suitably selected kinds and amounts, that are selected such that the crosslinker can give optimal wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, are used.
  • Gloxal as a crosslinker was dissolved in water at a concentration of 5% by weight, to which aluminum sulfate as a catalyst was added at a molar ratio of 0.04 relative to the glyoxal, thereby producing the finishing solution 1.
  • aluminum sulfate as a catalyst was added at a molar ratio of 0.04 relative to the glyoxal, thereby producing the finishing solution 1.
  • To the finishing solution 1 each of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol was added at a molar ratio of 1:1 relative to the glyoxal, thereby producing the finishing solutions 2 and 3, respectively.
  • 100% cotton fabrics are finished with each of the finishing solutions 1, 2 and 3 by a pad-dry-cure method.
  • the pad was carried out in a 2dip-2nip manner such that a wet pick-up is set at about 95%.
  • the dry is carried out at 85° C. for 3 minutes and the cure at 150° C. for 3 minutes.
  • the fabrics which had been finished under the above conditions were measured for their wrinkle recovery angle according to AATCC Test Method 66-1998. Also, their tensile strength was measured according to ASTM D 1682-64 and their whiteness index was measured by X-Rite spectrophotometer according to ASTM E 313. The amount of free formaldehyde from the finished fabrics was measured according to JIS L 1041 A.A METHOD B. The results showed that the wrinkle recovery angle of the finished fabrics was superior to that of fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes, and their tensile strength and whiteness index were similar to those of the fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. However, there was no detection of formaldehyde from the finished fabrics.
  • the additive of Formula 10 was added to the finishing solution 2 produced in Example 1, at a molar ratio of 0.25-1.5 relative to aluminum sulfate as a catalyst, thereby producing a finishing solution.
  • 100% cotton fabrics were finished with this finishing solution and measured for their physical properties in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the results showed that the wrinkle recovery angle of the finished fabrics was gradually reduced with an increase in concentration of the additive, but higher than that of fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. Also, it could be found that their tensile strength and whiteness index were gradually increased with an increase in concentration of the additive. Thus, it could be found that all the physical properties of the fabrics finished with this finishing solution were equal or superior to fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes.
  • Glyoxal as a crosslinker was dissolved in water at a concentration of 5%, to which a mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid as a catalyst was then added, thereby producing a finishing solution. 100% cotton fabrics were finished with this finishing solution in the same manner as in Example 2.
  • the molar ratio of magnesium chloride to glyoxal was 0.2, and the molar ratio of citric acid to magnesium chloride varied in the range of 0.1-0.5.
  • Example 3 The finished cotton fabrics were measured for their physical properties in the same manner as in Example 1. The results showed that the wrinkle recovery angle of the fabrics finished with the solution of Example 3 was superior to fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. But their tensile strength and whiteness index were somewhat reduced, and there was no detection of formaldehyde in the fabrics finished with the solution of Example 3.
  • Example 3 where the molar ratio of citric acid to magnesium chloride was set at 0.2, each of additives of Formulas 7 and 8 was added at amounts varying in the range of 0.1-0.6% by weight relative to the weight of the finishing solution, thereby producing a finishing solution.
  • 100% cotton fabrics were finished with this finishing solution, and measured for their physical properties.
  • the results showed that their wrinkle recovery angle was somewhat lower than that of Example 3, but higher than that of fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. Also, their tensile strength and whiteness index were equal to those of fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. Furthermore, there was no detection of formaldehyde in the fabrics finished with the solution of Example 3.
  • Glyoxal as a crosslinker was dissolved in water at the concentration of 5%, to which each of a mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid, and aluminum sulfate, as a catalyst, was added.
  • sodium chlorite of Formula 9 as an additive was added at amounts varying in the range of 0.01-0.06% by weight relative to the weight of the solution, thereby producing finishing solutions.
  • 100% cotton fabrics were finished with each finishing solution in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • a buffer of Formula 11 was added to the respective finishing solutions at a small amount. 100% cotton fabrics were finished with the finishing solutions containing the buffer in the same manner, and compared to the fabrics finished with the finishing solution containing no buffer.
  • the present invention provides the durable press finish composition wherein glyoxal, which contains no formaldehyde harmful to the human body, has low costs and can give excellent wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, is used as a crosslinker, and the catalyst and additive of kinds and amounts suitable to give optimal wrinkle-free performance to fabrics are used.
  • glyoxal which contains no formaldehyde harmful to the human body, has low costs and can give excellent wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, is used as a crosslinker, and the catalyst and additive of kinds and amounts suitable to give optimal wrinkle-free performance to fabrics are used.
  • the inventive durable press finish composition of the present invention can give fabrics wrinkle-free performance that is equal or superior to the prior crosslinkers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a durable press finish composition, which contains a crosslinker for giving wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, a catalyst, and an additive allowing reductions in strength and whiteness of fabrics to be minimized. As the crosslinker, there is used glyoxal containing no formaldehyde. As the catalyst, there is used one selected from aluminum salt, magnesium salt, citric acid and a mixture thereof. As the additive, there is used sodium tetraborate, sodium peroxoborate, sodium chlorite, or sodium hydrogen sulfate.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention
  • The present invention relates to a durable press finishing agent containing no formaldehyde harmful to the human body, and more particularly, to a durable press finish composition, which contains: glyoxal as a crosslinker; ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol as an agent for modifying the crosslinker; aluminum salt, magnesium salt or citric acid as a catalyst for imparting wrinkle-free performance to fabrics; and sodium tetraborate, sodium peroxoborate, sodium chlorite or sodium hydrogen sulfate as an additive for preventing a reduction in strength of fabrics and for increasing the whiteness of fabrics.
  • 2. Background of the Related Art
  • Durable press finishing, which is also called the wash and wear finishing or the DP finishing, is conducted for the purpose of artificially forming crosslinkages at a non-crystalline region of cellulose forming cotton fabrics to increase the elastic limit of the cotton fabrics, thereby giving wrinkling-free performance and shape stability to the cotton fabrics.
  • A crosslinker which has been most frequently used till now in the industrial durable press finishing of cotton fabrics is dimethyloldihydroxyethyl urea (DMDHDU) which forms ether-type crosslinkages with the hydroxyl group of cellulose. However, this crosslinker generates formaldehyde harmful to the human body, and thus, is currently used in a limited manner. Currently, there are actively progressed studies on polycarboxylic acids, which form ester-type crosslinkages with the hydroxyl group of cellulose and do not generate formaldehyde. Among them, butanetetracarboxylic acid where four adjacent carbon molecules are attached to carboxylic acid is known as having the most excellent effect. However, this butanetetracarboxylic acid is disadvantageous in that it can cause the eutrophication of lakes or rivers upon the durable press finishing of fabrics with it due to a phosphorus component of sodium hypophosphite known as the most excellent catalyst. Furthermore, it can cause a change in color tone depending on a dye upon dying and also is highly expensive such that it cannot be used in industrial applications. Thus, there is an urgent need for a crosslinker, which does not generate formaldehyde harmful to the human body and allows the finishing costs of fabrics to be reduced.
  • Meanwhile, although glyoxal is used in the synthesis of DMDHEU, it may also give excellent wrinkle-free performance by itself. Moreover, glyoxal has various advantages as compared to other crosslinkers. First, it has low costs and thus allows the finishing costs of fabrics to be reduced. Also, it is supplied in a highly stable aqueous solution, and thus, considerably easily handled. In addition, it has little or no poisonous character, and thus, can be used as a crosslinker having no harmful effect on the human body. However, when aluminum salt is used as a catalyst in durable press finishing using glyoxal as a crosslinker, fabrics can give excellent wrinkle-free performance but is disadvantageous in that serious reductions in strength and whiteness of fabrics can be caused.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • Accordingly, has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a durable press finish composition wherein glyoxal, which is inexpensive and substantially non-poisonous to the human body, is used as a crosslinker, and a catalyst of a kind and amount, that are selected such that the glyoxal can give fabrics wrinkle-free performance which is equal or superior to the prior crosslinkers, is used.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a durable press finish composition, which can minimize reductions in strength and whiteness of fabrics.
  • To achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a durable press finish composition, which comprises: a crosslinker for giving wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, which consists of glyoxal dissolved in water at a concentration of 3-10% by weight; an agent for modifying the crosslinker, which is selected from ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol and contained at a molar ratio of 1:1 relative to the glyoxal; a catalyst selected from aluminum sulfate and a mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid, the aluminum sulfate being contained at a molar ratio of 0.01-0.08 relative to the glyoxal, and the mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid being contained at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.6 relative to the glyoxal, the citric acid being contained at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.5 relative to the magnesium chloride; and an additive selected from sodium tetraborate, sodium peroxoborate, sodium chlorite and sodium hydrogen sulfate wherein the sodium tetraborate or sodium peroxoborate is contained at a weight ratio of 0.1-0.6% relative to the composition, the sodium chlorite is contained at a weight ratio of 0.01-0.06% relative to the composition, and the sodium hydrogen sulfate is contained at a weight ratio of 0.01-0.08% relative to the composition.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
  • The present invention relates to a durable press finish composition, which contains: glyoxal as a crosslinker for imparting wrinkle-free performance to fabrics; ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol as an agent for modifying the crosslinker; aluminum salt, magnesium salt or citric acid as a catalyst; and sodium tetraborate, sodium peroxoborate, sodium chlorite or sodium hydrogen sulfate as an additive.
  • Formula 1 below shows the chelation of three compositions of glyoxal available as a 40% aqueous solution with a metal catalyst. Reaction Scheme 1 below shows the reaction between cellulose, glyoxal and ethylene glycol.
    Figure US20050040360A1-20050224-C00001
    Figure US20050040360A1-20050224-C00002
  • Formula 2 below shows the structure of ethylene glycol, which is used as an agent for modifying the crosslinker in the present invention.
    HOCH2CH2OH  [Formula 2]
  • Formula 3 below shows the structure of diethylene glycol, which is used as an agent for modifying the crosslinker in the present invention.
    HOCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH  [Formula 3]
  • Formula 4 below shows the structure of aluminum sulfate, which is used as a catalyst in the present invention. As the catalyst, there can be all hydrates where x is 14-18, and preferably 16.
    Al2 (SO4)3.xH2O wherein x=14 to 18.  [Formula 4]
  • Formula 5 below shows the structure of magnesium chloride, which is used as a catalyst in the present invention.
    MgCl2.6H2O  [Formula 5]
  • Formula 6 below shows the structure of citric acid, which is used as a catalyst in the present invention.
    Figure US20050040360A1-20050224-C00003
  • Formula 7 below shows the structure of sodium tetraborate, which is used as an additive in the present invention.
    Na2B4O7  [Formula 7]
  • Formula 8 below shows the structure of sodium peroxoborate, which is used as an additive in the present invention.
    NaBO3.4H2O  [Formula 8]
  • Formula 9 below shows the structure of sodium chlorite, which is used as an additive in the present invention.
    NaClO2  [Formula 9]
  • Formula 10 below shows the structure of sodium hydrogen sulfate, which is used as an additive in the present invention.
    NaHSO4  [Formula 10]
  • Formula 11 below shows the structure of sodium phosphate monobasic, which is used as a buffer in the present invention.
    NaH2PO4  [Formula 11]
  • In preparing the durable press finish composition according to the present invention, glyoxal of Formula 1 is dissolved in water at a weight ratio of 3-10%, to which one of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol represented by Formulas 2 and 3, respectively, is added at a molar ratio of 1:1 relative to the glyoxal. To this mixture, the catalyst of Formula 4, 5 or 6 is added at a specified amount, and then, the additive of Formula 7, 8, 9 or 10 is added at a specified amount, thereby giving the durable press finish solution composition.
  • Fabrics are dipped in the prepared solution to sufficiently wet them with the solution, and then, passed through padding rollers and these procedures are repeated one time. The fabrics wet with the solution are pre-dried on a tenter at 80-100° C., and then, thermally treated at a temperature of 130-180° C. to form crosslinkages between cellulose molecules in a non-crystalline region of celluloses. The thermally treated fabrics are sufficiently washed with water at 50° C., and then, dried on a tenter at a temperature of 80-100° C., thereby completing the durable press finishing of the fabrics.
  • In the present invention, glyoxal as a crosslinker for imparting wrinkle-free performance to fabrics is preferably dissolved in water at a concentration of 3-10% by weight. If its concentration in water is lower than 3% by weight, it cannot impart wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, and if its concentration in water is higher than 10% by weight, a reduction in strength of fabrics will be caused.
  • Meanwhile, ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol as an agent for modifying the crosslinker is preferably used at a molar ratio of 1:1 relative to the glyoxal. In this case, ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol causes a change in length and shape of the crosslinkage formed between fibers, and thus, has a positive effect on the wrinkle-free performance of fabrics.
  • Although all metal salt catalysts or organic acid catalysts serving as Lewis acid in aqueous solution may be used as a catalyst in the present invention, it is preferable to use aluminum sulfate, magnesium chloride, citric acid or a mixture thereof. If aluminum sulfate is used at a molar ratio higher than 0.08 relative to glyoxal as a crosslinker, it will cause a serious reduction in strength and whiteness of fabrics, and if it is used at a molar ratio lower than 0.01 relative to glyoxal, it cannot give fabrics wrinkle-free performance. Also, the amount of aluminum sulfate used will vary depending on the kind of fabrics used. Magnesium chloride, when used alone, cannot give fabrics wrinkle-free performance, but the use of a mixture of magnesium sulfate and citric acid can impart high-level wrinkle-free performance to fabrics. In this case, magnesium chloride is preferably used at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.6 relative to glyoxal, and citric acid is used at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.5 relative to magnesium chloride.
  • Furthermore, the additive used in the present invention acts to prevent the reduction of strength and whiteness of treated fabrics by competition with the catalyst in the reaction between cellulose and the catalyst. In the case where aluminum sulfate or a mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid is used as a catalyst, the additive of Formula 8 or the additive of Formula 9 in the present invention is preferably used at a weight ratio of 0.1-0.6% relative to the solution composition. If the additive is used at the amount of less than 0.1% by weight, it cannot serve to prevent the reduction of strength and whiteness of fabrics, and if it is used at the amount of more than 0.6, it will adversely affect the wrinkle-free performance of fabrics. In the case where aluminum sulfate or a mixture of magnesium sulfate and citric acid is used as a catalyst, the additive of Formula 10 is preferably used at the amount of 0.01-0.08% by weight relative to the solution composition. In order to give optimal wrinkle-free performance to fabrics while preventing the strength and whiteness of fabrics from being reduced, it is preferable to use a very small amount of sodium phosphate monobasic, a buffer of Formula 12.
  • As described above, the present invention provides the durable press finish composition wherein glyoxal, which contains no poisonous formaldehyde, has low costs and can give fabrics excellent wrinkle-free performance, is used as a crosslinker, and at the same time, the catalyst and additive of suitably selected kinds and amounts, that are selected such that the crosslinker can give optimal wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, are used.
  • The present invention will hereinafter be described in further detail by examples and comparative examples. It should however be borne in mind that the present invention is not limited to or by the examples.
    • EXAMPLE 1
  • Gloxal as a crosslinker was dissolved in water at a concentration of 5% by weight, to which aluminum sulfate as a catalyst was added at a molar ratio of 0.04 relative to the glyoxal, thereby producing the finishing solution 1. To the finishing solution 1, each of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol was added at a molar ratio of 1:1 relative to the glyoxal, thereby producing the finishing solutions 2 and 3, respectively. Then, 100% cotton fabrics are finished with each of the finishing solutions 1, 2 and 3 by a pad-dry-cure method. In this case, the pad was carried out in a 2dip-2nip manner such that a wet pick-up is set at about 95%. The dry is carried out at 85° C. for 3 minutes and the cure at 150° C. for 3 minutes.
  • The fabrics which had been finished under the above conditions were measured for their wrinkle recovery angle according to AATCC Test Method 66-1998. Also, their tensile strength was measured according to ASTM D 1682-64 and their whiteness index was measured by X-Rite spectrophotometer according to ASTM E 313. The amount of free formaldehyde from the finished fabrics was measured according to JIS L 1041 A.A METHOD B. The results showed that the wrinkle recovery angle of the finished fabrics was superior to that of fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes, and their tensile strength and whiteness index were similar to those of the fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. However, there was no detection of formaldehyde from the finished fabrics.
    • EXAMPLE 2
  • The additive of Formula 10 was added to the finishing solution 2 produced in Example 1, at a molar ratio of 0.25-1.5 relative to aluminum sulfate as a catalyst, thereby producing a finishing solution. 100% cotton fabrics were finished with this finishing solution and measured for their physical properties in the same manner as in Example 1. The results showed that the wrinkle recovery angle of the finished fabrics was gradually reduced with an increase in concentration of the additive, but higher than that of fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. Also, it could be found that their tensile strength and whiteness index were gradually increased with an increase in concentration of the additive. Thus, it could be found that all the physical properties of the fabrics finished with this finishing solution were equal or superior to fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. As in Example 1, there was no detection of formaldehyde in the fabrics finished with the solution of Example 2.
    • EXAMPLE 3
  • Glyoxal as a crosslinker was dissolved in water at a concentration of 5%, to which a mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid as a catalyst was then added, thereby producing a finishing solution. 100% cotton fabrics were finished with this finishing solution in the same manner as in Example 2. In this case, the molar ratio of magnesium chloride to glyoxal was 0.2, and the molar ratio of citric acid to magnesium chloride varied in the range of 0.1-0.5.
  • The finished cotton fabrics were measured for their physical properties in the same manner as in Example 1. The results showed that the wrinkle recovery angle of the fabrics finished with the solution of Example 3 was superior to fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. But their tensile strength and whiteness index were somewhat reduced, and there was no detection of formaldehyde in the fabrics finished with the solution of Example 3.
    • EXAMPLE 4
  • To the finishing solution of Example 3 where the molar ratio of citric acid to magnesium chloride was set at 0.2, each of additives of Formulas 7 and 8 was added at amounts varying in the range of 0.1-0.6% by weight relative to the weight of the finishing solution, thereby producing a finishing solution. 100% cotton fabrics were finished with this finishing solution, and measured for their physical properties. The results showed that their wrinkle recovery angle was somewhat lower than that of Example 3, but higher than that of fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. Also, their tensile strength and whiteness index were equal to those of fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. Furthermore, there was no detection of formaldehyde in the fabrics finished with the solution of Example 3.
    • EXAMPLE 5
  • Glyoxal as a catalyst was dissolved in water at a concentration of 5%, to which aluminum sulfate as a catalyst was added at a molar ratio of 0.04 relative to the glyoxal. To this solution, each of additives of Formulas 7 and 8 was added at amounts varying in the range of 0.1-0.6% by weight relative to the weight of the solution, thereby producing a finishing solution. 100% cotton fabrics were finished with the finishing solution and measured for their physical properties in the same manner as in Example 1. The results showed that the wrinkle recovery angle of the finished fabrics was slightly reduced with an increase in concentration of the additives, but higher than that of fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. As in Example 1, there was no detection of formaldehyde in the fabrics finished with the solution of Example 5.
    • EXAMPLE 6
  • Glyoxal as a crosslinker was dissolved in water at the concentration of 5%, to which each of a mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid, and aluminum sulfate, as a catalyst, was added. To this solution, sodium chlorite of Formula 9 as an additive was added at amounts varying in the range of 0.01-0.06% by weight relative to the weight of the solution, thereby producing finishing solutions. 100% cotton fabrics were finished with each finishing solution in the same manner as in Example 1. Also, a buffer of Formula 11 was added to the respective finishing solutions at a small amount. 100% cotton fabrics were finished with the finishing solutions containing the buffer in the same manner, and compared to the fabrics finished with the finishing solution containing no buffer. The fabrics finished with such finishing solutions were measured for their physical properties in the same manner as in Example 1. The results showed that all the physical properties (particularly, whiteness index) of the fabrics finished with the solutions of Example 5 were superior to fabrics finished with the prior durable press finishes. Also, there was no detection of formaldehyde in the fabrics finished with the solutions of Example 5.
  • As described above, the present invention provides the durable press finish composition wherein glyoxal, which contains no formaldehyde harmful to the human body, has low costs and can give excellent wrinkle-free performance to fabrics, is used as a crosslinker, and the catalyst and additive of kinds and amounts suitable to give optimal wrinkle-free performance to fabrics are used. Thus, according to the durable press finish composition of the present invention, serious reductions in strength and whiteness of fabrics, which are problems occurring in the prior durable press finishes, can be prevented. In addition, the inventive durable press finish composition can give fabrics wrinkle-free performance that is equal or superior to the prior crosslinkers.
  • While the present invention has been described with reference to the particular illustrative embodiments, it is not to be restricted by the embodiments but only by the appended claims. It is to be appreciated that those skilled in the art can change or modify the embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A durable press finish composition, which comprises: a crosslinker for giving fabrics wrinkle-free performance, which consists of glyoxal dissolved in water at a concentration of 3-10% by weight; an agent for modifying the crosslinker, which is selected from ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol and contained at a molar ratio of 1:1 relative to the glyoxal; a catalyst selected from aluminum sulfate and a mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid, the aluminum sulfate being contained at a molar ratio of 0.01-0.08 relative to the glyoxal, and the mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid being contained at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.6 relative to the glyoxal, the citric acid being contained at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.5 relative to the magnesium chloride; and an additive selected from sodium tetraborate, sodium peroxoborate, sodium chlorite and sodium hydrogen sulfate wherein the sodium tetraborate or sodium peroxoborate is contained at a weight ratio of 0.1-0.6% relative to the composition, the sodium chlorite is contained at a weight ratio of 0.01-0.06% relative to the composition, and the sodium hydrogen sulfate is contained at a weight ratio of 0.01-0.08% relative to the composition.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110698447A (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-01-17 泉州师范学院(石狮)生态智能织物工程技术研究院 Aromatic carboxylic acid and application method thereof in formaldehyde-free crease-resistant finishing of cotton fabric

Citations (2)

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US5707404A (en) * 1994-01-14 1998-01-13 Westpoint Stevens, Inc. Formaldehyde free method for imparting permanent press properties to cotton and cotton blends
US6042616A (en) * 1997-09-08 2000-03-28 Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. Method for processing cellulose fiber-containing textile fabrics

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5707404A (en) * 1994-01-14 1998-01-13 Westpoint Stevens, Inc. Formaldehyde free method for imparting permanent press properties to cotton and cotton blends
US6042616A (en) * 1997-09-08 2000-03-28 Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. Method for processing cellulose fiber-containing textile fabrics

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110698447A (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-01-17 泉州师范学院(石狮)生态智能织物工程技术研究院 Aromatic carboxylic acid and application method thereof in formaldehyde-free crease-resistant finishing of cotton fabric

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