US20050011183A1 - Device for metering a urea soulution - Google Patents
Device for metering a urea soulution Download PDFInfo
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- US20050011183A1 US20050011183A1 US10/466,505 US46650504A US2005011183A1 US 20050011183 A1 US20050011183 A1 US 20050011183A1 US 46650504 A US46650504 A US 46650504A US 2005011183 A1 US2005011183 A1 US 2005011183A1
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- sensor
- measuring sensor
- urea solution
- state variable
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
- F01N2900/1811—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
- F01N2900/1814—Tank level
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
- F01N2900/1818—Concentration of the reducing agent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for metering a urea solution.
- urea solution has in the past been sprayed into the exhaust gas during catalytic reduction. Urea is broken down into carbon dioxide and ammonia by chemical reaction on a hydrolysis catalyst. Ammonia then reacts selectively with nitrogen oxides to form nitrogen and water, thus removing nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a device for metering urea solutions which may be used reliably for reduction of nitrogen oxides, even under difficult conditions, e.g., within broad temperature intervals.
- a device for metering urea is characterized in that a sensor unit is provided for monitoring a physical state variable of an enzyme-free urea solution.
- the sensor unit here preferably includes a measuring sensor.
- a measuring sensor for detecting one or more electric state variables.
- a state variable may include, for example, the pH, the dielectric constant and/or the conductance of the solution.
- Two electrodes may be provided to detect the electric state variables, these electrodes protruding into the urea solution.
- an electric d.c. or a.c. voltage to the electrodes, it is possible to determine directly the aforementioned electric state variables, such as the pH, the dielectric constant, and/or the conductance.
- the electrodes may be provided with a structure which increases their surface area.
- a surface area enlarging structure may be achieved, e.g., by a comb-shaped design of the electrodes, which additionally has the advantage that two electrodes designed in this way may be arranged to intermesh, so that a small distance between the two electrodes is adjustable simultaneously with a comparatively large surface area. Due to the large surface area, in particular in combination with the small distance, the test voltage and/or test current may be reduced and therefore the control and analyzing unit for a measuring sensor according to the present invention may be designed with small dimensions.
- a separate electrode may be provided for simultaneous determination of multiple state variables, if necessary. For example, by using such a third electrode, it is possible to determine the pH, while another state variable, e.g., the dielectric constant, is determined using the two aforementioned electrodes.
- a measuring sensor is provided for detecting one or more physicomechanical state variables of the urea solution.
- Such a physicomechanical state variable may be the viscosity or density, for example.
- Such physicomechanical state variables may be determined in a traditional manner, e.g., by weighing the solution and/or a part of the solution or by measuring the buoyancy of a displacement body, etc.
- the physicomechanical state variable is detected by a dynamic sensor.
- a physicomechanical state variable may be measured with the help of a vibration generator, for example.
- the behavior of the urea solution when agitated with the help of mechanical vibration depends to a significant extent on the physico-mechanical state variables to be detected, e.g., the density or viscosity.
- this property may be detected directly on the vibration generator itself by measurement technology, e.g., by measuring the electric current, the frequency, etc.
- a quartz oscillator may be used as the vibration generator.
- any other known or future means for inducing mechanical vibration is also conceivable.
- a piezoelectric crystal could also be used as well as a high-speed out-of-balance motor or an electromagnetic coil in conjunction with a diaphragm based on the loudspeaker principle.
- a sensor unit is provided with a measuring sensor for an electric state variable and with a measuring sensor for a physicomechanical state variable.
- the measured values of the two measuring sensors are used in an analyzer unit to determine the urea concentration in solution.
- a device may be combined with a temperature sensor. Since the state variables to be determined may under some circumstances be dependent upon temperature, correction of errors due to temperature variations is possible through simultaneous measurement and consideration of temperature in analysis of the state variable detected, e.g., for determination of the urea concentration in solution.
- a filling level sensor may be provided for measuring the degree of filling of a storage container for the urea solution.
- a filling level sensor is combined directly with a measuring sensor according to the present invention for detecting one or more physical state variables.
- the measuring sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention shows definite differences in the measurement in solution in comparison with the measurement in the gas phase, so a filling level may also be readily measured in this way.
- various embodiments of the measuring sensor according to the present invention are again conceivable.
- a measuring sensor according to the present invention may be mounted at a certain filling level and used as a threshold value sensor as the filling level passes the threshold value.
- a plurality of sensors may also be mounted at different levels.
- Such a sensor system may be mounted, e.g., in a sensor housing which extends over the corresponding height or on a rod-shaped sensor mount, for example.
- a continuous filling level measurement may be achieved by designing the measuring sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention to extend over a corresponding height.
- the sensor signal here is a function of the ratio of sensor areas situated in the gas phase or in the liquid solution. These sensor areas in turn vary with the filling level, so that information about the filling level is obtainable from the sensor signal in this way.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a measuring sensor according to the present invention.
- Sensor unit 1 is mounted on a sensor plate 2 .
- a comb-shaped electrode 3 is divided into two areas 4 , 5 . Individual teeth of the comb structure are spaced farther apart in upper area 5 than in lower area 4 .
- another electrode 6 engages with a corresponding comb structure.
- the two electrodes 5 and 6 extend over a large area of sensor plate 2 and constitute a filling level sensor.
- a third electrode 7 is situated opposite lower area 4 of electrode 3 .
- the comb structure of electrode 7 corresponds to the finer comb structure of lower area 4 of electrode 3 , i.e., the teeth are not as far apart.
- electrode 7 forms a measuring sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention for measuring an electric state variable, e.g., the conductivity, the dielectric constant, etc.
- an electric state variable e.g., the conductivity, the dielectric constant, etc.
- Electric terminals 8 for electrodes 3 , 6 , 7 are provided in the lower area of sensor plate 2 . These electric terminals 8 may be connected via a plug connector in a manner not shown in greater detail here.
- a quartz oscillator 9 is shown as an oscillation generator for detecting a physicomechanical state variable, e.g., viscosity or density. Quartz oscillator 9 is also contacted via terminals 8 .
- sensor plate 2 may be designed at least partially as a PC board on which the electrodes are implemented in the form of flat printed conductors. In exemplary embodiment, however, sensor plate 2 may function as a mounting plate for mountable electrodes.
- sensor unit 1 With the help of sensor unit 1 according to FIG. 1 , one or more electric state variables such as the dielectric constant, the conductivity, the pH or the like, as well as one or more physicomechanical state variables such as density or viscosity may be detected.
- sensor unit 1 also functions as a filling level sensor because of the extent of upper area 5 of electrode 3 and opposing electrode 6 .
- Sensor unit 1 is therefore mounted in the interior of a container for a urea solution, so that electrodes 3 and 6 are at least partially immersed in the urea solution.
- sensor unit 1 With the help of sensor unit 1 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reliably monitor the state of a urea solution even under adverse conditions, e.g., over a wide temperature interval. Such a sensor unit 1 is therefore suitable for use even in the area of exhaust gas processing of motor vehicles.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
A device for metering urea solutions permitting a reliable reduction of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is provided. This is achieved by the fact that the device for metering the urea solution includes a sensor unit for monitoring one or more physical state variables of an enzyme-free Urea solution.
Description
- The present invention relates to a device for metering a urea solution.
- To reduce nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of motor vehicles, urea solution has in the past been sprayed into the exhaust gas during catalytic reduction. Urea is broken down into carbon dioxide and ammonia by chemical reaction on a hydrolysis catalyst. Ammonia then reacts selectively with nitrogen oxides to form nitrogen and water, thus removing nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas.
- For reliable reduction of nitrogen oxides with a urea solution, various parameters are important, in particular the urea concentration in the aqueous solution.
- Sensor applications known in the past for measuring the urea concentration in the fields of medicine and biology have used urease, which enzymatically and selectively breaks down urea to form ammonia. Sensors then detect the influence of the ammonia on the pH of the solution. Information regarding the urea concentration is obtainable in this way.
- One disadvantage of this method of measuring the concentration of a urea solution is the instability of urease, in particular in an environment where temperatures may vary greatly. However, such temperature variations occur during use in motor vehicles, so that previous sensors according to the related art are not suitable for such an application.
- Therefore, the object of the present invention is to propose a device for metering urea solutions which may be used reliably for reduction of nitrogen oxides, even under difficult conditions, e.g., within broad temperature intervals.
- Accordingly, a device according to the present invention for metering urea is characterized in that a sensor unit is provided for monitoring a physical state variable of an enzyme-free urea solution. The sensor unit here preferably includes a measuring sensor.
- In this way, a measurement is possible directly on the basis of the physical properties of urea in solution without intermediate enzymatic breakdown. Accordingly, this measurement is not subject to the instabilities to which an enzyme such as urease is subject.
- In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a measuring sensor is provided for detecting one or more electric state variables. Such a state variable may include, for example, the pH, the dielectric constant and/or the conductance of the solution. By measuring these or other electric state variables, it is possible to obtain information regarding the properties of the urea solution, e.g., its concentration. Measurement of these state variables is comparatively unproblematical and in particular it is possible to perform these measurements in situations of extreme temperature variations.
- Two electrodes may be provided to detect the electric state variables, these electrodes protruding into the urea solution. By applying an electric d.c. or a.c. voltage to the electrodes, it is possible to determine directly the aforementioned electric state variables, such as the pH, the dielectric constant, and/or the conductance.
- To improve the sensitivity of the measuring sensor the electrodes may be provided with a structure which increases their surface area. Such a surface area enlarging structure may be achieved, e.g., by a comb-shaped design of the electrodes, which additionally has the advantage that two electrodes designed in this way may be arranged to intermesh, so that a small distance between the two electrodes is adjustable simultaneously with a comparatively large surface area. Due to the large surface area, in particular in combination with the small distance, the test voltage and/or test current may be reduced and therefore the control and analyzing unit for a measuring sensor according to the present invention may be designed with small dimensions. A separate electrode may be provided for simultaneous determination of multiple state variables, if necessary. For example, by using such a third electrode, it is possible to determine the pH, while another state variable, e.g., the dielectric constant, is determined using the two aforementioned electrodes.
- In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a measuring sensor is provided for detecting one or more physicomechanical state variables of the urea solution.
- Such a physicomechanical state variable may be the viscosity or density, for example.
- Such physicomechanical state variables may be determined in a traditional manner, e.g., by weighing the solution and/or a part of the solution or by measuring the buoyancy of a displacement body, etc. However, in an exemplary embodiment the physicomechanical state variable is detected by a dynamic sensor. Thus, a physicomechanical state variable may be measured with the help of a vibration generator, for example. The behavior of the urea solution when agitated with the help of mechanical vibration depends to a significant extent on the physico-mechanical state variables to be detected, e.g., the density or viscosity. In an exemplary embodiment, this property may be detected directly on the vibration generator itself by measurement technology, e.g., by measuring the electric current, the frequency, etc.
- A quartz oscillator may be used as the vibration generator. However, any other known or future means for inducing mechanical vibration is also conceivable. For example, a piezoelectric crystal could also be used as well as a high-speed out-of-balance motor or an electromagnetic coil in conjunction with a diaphragm based on the loudspeaker principle.
- In an exemplary embodiment, a sensor unit is provided with a measuring sensor for an electric state variable and with a measuring sensor for a physicomechanical state variable. The measured values of the two measuring sensors are used in an analyzer unit to determine the urea concentration in solution. By analyzing two independent state variables, this yields the possibility of a more accurate and more selective determination of the urea concentration.
- In addition, a device according to the present invention may be combined with a temperature sensor. Since the state variables to be determined may under some circumstances be dependent upon temperature, correction of errors due to temperature variations is possible through simultaneous measurement and consideration of temperature in analysis of the state variable detected, e.g., for determination of the urea concentration in solution.
- In combination with a metering device for urea solution a filling level sensor may be provided for measuring the degree of filling of a storage container for the urea solution. In an exemplary embodiment, such a filling level sensor is combined directly with a measuring sensor according to the present invention for detecting one or more physical state variables.
- The measuring sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention shows definite differences in the measurement in solution in comparison with the measurement in the gas phase, so a filling level may also be readily measured in this way. To do so, various embodiments of the measuring sensor according to the present invention are again conceivable. For example, a measuring sensor according to the present invention may be mounted at a certain filling level and used as a threshold value sensor as the filling level passes the threshold value. For a more precise filling level measurement at different filling levels, a plurality of sensors may also be mounted at different levels. Such a sensor system may be mounted, e.g., in a sensor housing which extends over the corresponding height or on a rod-shaped sensor mount, for example.
- A continuous filling level measurement may be achieved by designing the measuring sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention to extend over a corresponding height. The sensor signal here is a function of the ratio of sensor areas situated in the gas phase or in the liquid solution. These sensor areas in turn vary with the filling level, so that information about the filling level is obtainable from the sensor signal in this way.
-
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a measuring sensor according to the present invention. - Sensor unit 1 is mounted on a sensor plate 2. A comb-
shaped electrode 3 is divided into twoareas upper area 5 than inlower area 4. Inupper area 5, another electrode 6 engages with a corresponding comb structure. The twoelectrodes 5 and 6 extend over a large area of sensor plate 2 and constitute a filling level sensor. A third electrode 7 is situated oppositelower area 4 ofelectrode 3. The comb structure of electrode 7 corresponds to the finer comb structure oflower area 4 ofelectrode 3, i.e., the teeth are not as far apart. - Together with
lower area 4 ofelectrode 3, electrode 7 forms a measuring sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention for measuring an electric state variable, e.g., the conductivity, the dielectric constant, etc. -
Electric terminals 8 forelectrodes 3, 6, 7 are provided in the lower area of sensor plate 2. Theseelectric terminals 8 may be connected via a plug connector in a manner not shown in greater detail here. - Beneath
lower area 4 ofelectrode 3, i.e., beneath electrode 7, a quartz oscillator 9 is shown as an oscillation generator for detecting a physicomechanical state variable, e.g., viscosity or density. Quartz oscillator 9 is also contacted viaterminals 8. - In an exemplary embodiment, sensor plate 2 may be designed at least partially as a PC board on which the electrodes are implemented in the form of flat printed conductors. In exemplary embodiment, however, sensor plate 2 may function as a mounting plate for mountable electrodes.
- With the help of sensor unit 1 according to
FIG. 1 , one or more electric state variables such as the dielectric constant, the conductivity, the pH or the like, as well as one or more physicomechanical state variables such as density or viscosity may be detected. At the same time, sensor unit 1 also functions as a filling level sensor because of the extent ofupper area 5 ofelectrode 3 and opposing electrode 6. Sensor unit 1 is therefore mounted in the interior of a container for a urea solution, so thatelectrodes 3 and 6 are at least partially immersed in the urea solution. - With the help of sensor unit 1 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reliably monitor the state of a urea solution even under adverse conditions, e.g., over a wide temperature interval. Such a sensor unit 1 is therefore suitable for use even in the area of exhaust gas processing of motor vehicles.
- List of Reference Numbers:
-
- 1 sensor unit
- 2 sensor plate
- 3 electrode
- 4 area
- 5 area
- 6 electrode
- 7 electrode
- 8 terminals
- 9 quartz oscillator
Claims (17)
1. A device for metering a urea solution, in particular for spraying the urea solution into the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine,
wherein a sensor unit is provided for monitoring one or more physical state variables of an enzyme-free urea solution using a physical measuring sensor (3, 6, 9).
2. The device as recited in claim 1 ,
wherein the measuring sensor (3, 6) is designed for detecting an electric state variable.
3. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring sensor (3, 6, 7) is designed for detecting the pH, the dielectric constant, and/or the conductance of the enzyme-free urea solution.
4. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring sensor (3, 6, 7) includes at least two electrodes.
5. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one electrode (3, 6, 7) has a structure for increasing the surface area.
6. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein two electrodes (3, 6) have an intermeshing comb-like structure.
7. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one third electrode (7) is provided for detecting at least one second electric state variable.
8. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring sensor (9) is designed for detecting a physicomechanical state variable.
9. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring sensor (9) is designed for measuring the viscosity and/or density of the enzyme-free urea solution.
10. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein a vibration generator (9) is provided.
11. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein the vibration generator includes a quartz oscillator (9) and/or a piezoelectric crystal.
12. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein a sensor unit (1) having a measuring sensor (3, 6, 7) for an electric state variable of the urea solution and having a measuring sensor (9) for a physicomechanical state variable is provided, an analyzer unit being provided for determining the urea concentration from the two measured values.
13. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein a temperature sensor is provided.
14. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein a filling level sensor is provided for a storage container.
15. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein the filling level sensor is a measuring sensor according to one of the preceding claims.
16. The device as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of filling level sensors is provided.
17. An internal combustion engine having catalytic exhaust gas treatment,
wherein a device for metering a urea solution according to one of the preceding claims is provided.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10102237.9 | 2001-01-19 | ||
DE10102237A DE10102237A1 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2001-01-19 | Device for dosing a urea solution |
PCT/DE2002/000148 WO2002057603A1 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-01-18 | Device for metering a urea solution devoid of enzymes, comprising a sensor unit for controlling physical condition variables of said urea solution |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050011183A1 true US20050011183A1 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
Family
ID=7671032
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/466,505 Abandoned US20050011183A1 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-01-18 | Device for metering a urea soulution |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050011183A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1356194B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004517336A (en) |
DE (2) | DE10102237A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002057603A1 (en) |
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US20070163661A1 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2007-07-19 | Dale Carpenter | Methods and apparatus for a direct connect on-off controller |
US20070204677A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2007-09-06 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for Detecting Concentration and Remaining Amount of Liquid Reducing Agent |
US20070204678A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2007-09-06 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. | Condition discriminating apparatus for liquid reducing agent |
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US20060051276A1 (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2006-03-09 | Johannes Schaller | Device for treatment of exhaust of an internal combustion engine |
US7449162B2 (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2008-11-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for treatment of exhaust of an internal combustion engine |
US7658093B2 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2010-02-09 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. | Liquid discriminating apparatus and liquid discriminating method |
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US20070204677A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2007-09-06 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for Detecting Concentration and Remaining Amount of Liquid Reducing Agent |
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US7712363B2 (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2010-05-11 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Liquid state detecting sensor |
US20090090178A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2009-04-09 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Liquid state detecting sensor |
US8293180B2 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2012-10-23 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for distinguishing liquid reducing agent and exhaust emission control apparatus of engine |
US20100003168A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2010-01-07 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for distinguishing liquid reducing agent and exhaust emission control apparatus of engine |
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US8495860B2 (en) | 2007-05-09 | 2013-07-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Approach for detecting reductant availability and make-up |
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US20100242928A1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-09-30 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Device and Method for Neutralizing Acidic Condensate in a Motor Vehicle |
US8991156B2 (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2015-03-31 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and storage container for determining a stored amount of ammonia for catalytic exhaust gas purification |
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US20150292385A1 (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2015-10-15 | Inergy Automotive Systems Research (Societe Anonyme) | Method and system for controlling the operation of a system for storing and injecting an additive into the exhaust gases of an engine |
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CN104968909A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2015-10-07 | 英瑞杰汽车系统研究公司 | Method for monitoring urea quality of an scr system |
WO2014118248A1 (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-07 | Inergy Automotive Systems Research (Société Anonyme) | Method for monitoring urea quality of an scr system |
EP2826972A1 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-21 | Inergy Automotive Systems Research (Société Anonyme) | Method for monitoring urea quality of an SCR system |
US9465000B1 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2016-10-11 | Intellectual Reserves, LLC | System and method for electronically determining fluid parameters |
WO2022035459A1 (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-02-17 | Southwest Research Institute | Stabilization of aqueous urea solutions containing organometallic catalyst precursors |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002057603A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
DE10102237A1 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
DE50200811D1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
JP2004517336A (en) | 2004-06-10 |
EP1356194A1 (en) | 2003-10-29 |
EP1356194B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 |
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