US2004680A - Open electric arc-lamp for the gen - Google Patents

Open electric arc-lamp for the gen Download PDF

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Publication number
US2004680A
US2004680A US2004680DA US2004680A US 2004680 A US2004680 A US 2004680A US 2004680D A US2004680D A US 2004680DA US 2004680 A US2004680 A US 2004680A
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electrode
lamp
electrodes
pin
carbon
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B31/00—Electric arc lamps
    • H05B31/02—Details
    • H05B31/06—Electrodes
    • H05B31/065—Electrodes for flame arc lamps

Definitions

  • a particularly favorable design of an arc-lamp for domestic use comprises according to my invention such short electrodesabout 1 cm. or even less in length-that they and their holders can be housed in the interior of the hollow mir- 2o ror.
  • the hollow mirror is provided with a.
  • one of the electrodes is fastened in such a manner that it is axially shiftable which may be efiected, for instance, by pressing a finger against it, whereas a spring compressed thereby moves that electrode back into its former position when it is released.
  • An abutment member determines the position of rest of that electrode. It is also possible to make the grating itself elastic so that the electrode fastened to the grating in the middle thereof can be moved into the ignition position by a direct finger pressure.
  • the short electrodes selected for practical reasons, will in general burn only a short time, but a lamp provided with such electrodes can nevertheless be used for relatively long times of radiation if the electrodes consist of a non-oxidizing or only slowly oxidizing substance, such, for instance, as metal oxids, nitrids, carbids and silicates, which, if desired, may also be mixed with one another, the individual substances and their proportions being then chosen according to the emission of ultra-violet rays in the arc.
  • a non-oxidizing or only slowly oxidizing substance such, for instance, as metal oxids, nitrids, carbids and silicates, which, if desired, may also be mixed with one another, the individual substances and their proportions being then chosen according to the emission of ultra-violet rays in the arc.
  • Substances particularly suitable for the purpose in view are zirconium, magnesium, aluminium, and iron.” In many cases the conductivity of these substances is sufllciently great only at relatively
  • a cementing substance likewise capable of standing the high temperature and possessing the requisite conductivity at the service temperature is applied to the connecting place.
  • the cementing substance may consist of the same material as the electrodes, if desired with a binding addition, such as water glass or the like. At any rate, it must be capable of yielding so as to prevent severe stresses resulting from the differential expansion of the electrode mass and the contact pin.
  • a particularly suitable material is carbon which either is applied in any known manner to the electrodes in i the form of a thin coating by the thermic decomposition of carbon compounds, or which forms, in the electrodes, axial cores extending from the free end to the metal pin. It is of special importance that the layer of carbon on the free end of the electrode be thicker than at its other. portions so that after the ignition the arc can burnbetween said thicker endsof the carbon layer a few seconds in order to heat the electrode material prior to the c mplete combustion of the carbon.
  • FIG. 1 is an axial section through an open arc-lamp designed according to this invention.
  • Figure 2 is a similar view showing a modification.
  • Figure 3 is chiefly a sideview, partly in section, of an electrode and the members holding it, this figure being drawn to a greatly enlarged scale relatively to Figs. 1 and 2.
  • Figure 4 is a similar representation showing a modification of Fig. 3 likewise drawn to a greatly enlarged scale.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective repre-- sentation of a few details which will be dealt with 55 fully hereinafter
  • Fig. 6 is a vertical section through a complete lamp with certain additional members also fully described hereinafter.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 i denotes the hollow mirror
  • 2 and 3 denote the electrode holders and 4 and 5 the electrodes of the same.
  • Fig. 2 is distinguished from Fig. 1 by the added-reflector I.
  • the electrode holder 3 (Fig. 1) i turnable, the electrode holder 6 :(Fig. 2), however, is not because it carries also the reflector I.
  • the members holding the electrode l0 comprise a metal pin 8 and a cap 9 which consists of the same metal as the electrode.
  • the metal-pin II which holds the electrode l2 engages with its end a recess in the bottom face of the electrode and is in contact with carbon l3 fllling that recess and forming a core which extends axially through the electrode and terminates at its free end where it is in conductive connection with alayer l5 of carbon covering the free surface of the electrode.
  • the top of this layer is thicker, as shown at I6.
  • the electrode I2 is firmly connected with the metal pin H by a body 14 of a cement which is likewise covered with the carbon coating 15.
  • the contact pin (8 Fig. 3; H, Fig. 4) is fastened at the end counter to the electrode in a metal body having a small sectional area and a relatively large surface.
  • a metal body having a small sectional area and a relatively large surface.
  • Such a body maybe formed simply by a small piece of sheet-iron which establishes the connection with the holder arm. The amount of heat transmitted to this arm is very small because the main part thereof is transmitted from the sheet-iron to the air and isradiated.
  • I1 is the electrode
  • Fig. 6 which shows a complete lamp with certain additional members, there is arranged in the large reflector I a small reflector 36 and both are covered with a common protective grating 34.
  • the small reflector is attached to said grating by means of a hinge 35, and the circuit will be interrupted when the grating is turned downwardly on the pin 32, On this pin is located the vertical arm 33 to which the rating is amxed.
  • which is conductively connected with one end of a wire 30, the other end of which is connected with the switch 28 that can be operated also manually by a lever 23.
  • e pin 33 gives way when the arm 33 is compulsorily turned downwardly together with the grating, and the current will then be interrupted, as described.
  • a non-oxidizable electrode for an open arc lamp comprising a portion made of a mixture of a highly refractory oxid and another oxid which copiously produces ultra-violet rays at the temperature of the arc, a highly refractory metallic rod, one end of said rod terminating within the said portion and the other end projecting freely out therefrom and a coating of conductive material on the said portion, establishing conductive connection with the said metallic rod.
  • a non-oxidizable electrode for an open arc lamp comprising a portion made of amixture of zirconium oxid and iron oxid, a highly refractory metallic rod, one end of said rod terminating within the said portion and the other end projecting freely out therefrom and a coating of conductive material on the said portion, establishing conductive connection with the said metallic rod.
  • An open electric arc lamp for generating ultra violet radiation comprising a reflector, two electrodes each having a portion made of non-oxidizable material, consisting of a highly refractory oxid and another oxid which copiously produces ultra violet rays at the temperature of the are, said electrodes being arranged in axial alinement within the reflector, each electrode having a highly refractory metallic rod rigidly secured to one end thereof terminating within said portion and serving as a current sup ply lead for the electrode, and a conducting coating on each electrode, providing electrical connection between the tip of the electrode and the said metallic rod.
  • An open electric arc lamp for generating ultra violet radiation comprising a reflector, two electrodes each having a portion made of non-oxidizable material, consisting of a highly refractory oxid and another oxid which copiously produces ultra violet rays at the temperature of the arc, said electrodes being arranged in axial alinement within the reflector, each electrode having a highly refractory metallic rod rigidly secured to one end thereof terminating within said portion and serving as a current supply lead for the electrode, and a conducting carbon coating on each electrode, providing electrical con-.
  • a refractory metal rod having one end embedded in said portion and extending freely out from said portion at its other end and a conductive c ating at the outer end of the core of conductive material and in electrical contact therewith.
  • a non-oxidizable electrode for an open arc lamp comprising a portion made of a mixture of refractory oxids, at least one of which copiously emits ultra violet rays at the temperature of the arc, a core of conductive carbon in said portion, a refractory metal rod having one end embedded in said portion and in contact with the core and extending freely out from said portion at its other end and a conductive coating at the outer end of therore and in electrical contact therewith.
  • a non-oxidizable electrodefor an open arc lamp comprising a portion made of'a mixture of refractory oxids, at least one of which copiously emits ultra violet rays at the temperature of the arc, a core of conductive carbon in said portion, a refractory metal rod having one end embedded in said portion and in contact with the core and extending freely out from said portion at its other end and a coating of carbon at the outer end of the core and in electrical contact therewith.
  • a non-oxidizable electrode for an open arc lamp comprising a portion made of a miiiture of refractory oxids, at least one of which copiously emits ultra violet rays at the temperature of the arc, a core of conductive carbon in said portion, a refractory metal rod having one end embedded in said portion and in contact with the coreand extending freely out from said portion at its a other end and a coating of carbon on the portion and in electrical contact with the core, said car bon coating being of increased thickness adjacent the core.
  • a non-oxidizable electrode for an open arc lamp comprising a portion made of amixture of refractory oxids, at least one of which copiously emits ultra violet rays at the temperature of the arc, a 'core of conductive carbon in said portion, a refractory metal rod having one end embedded in said portion and in contact with the core, said rod extending freely out from said portion at its other end, a mass of inert material forming a support for the inner end of the portion and surrounding an intermediate portion of the rod, and a conductive coating surrounding the portion and the support and in electrical contact with the protruding end of the rod.
  • a non-oxidizable electrode for an open arc lamp comprising a portion made ofa mixture of refractory oxide, at least one of which copiously emits ultra violet rays at the temperature v of the are, a core of conductive carbon in said portion, a refractory metal rod made of a nickelchromium alloy and having one end embedded in said portion and in contact withthe core. saidrod extending freely out from said portion at its other end, a mass of inert material forming a support for the inner end of the portion and surrounding an intermediate portion of the rod,

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
US2004680D 1933-04-13 Open electric arc-lamp for the gen Expired - Lifetime US2004680A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL64961A NL38056C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1933-04-13 1933-04-13
GB12546/33A GB418988A (en) 1933-04-13 1933-04-29 Improvements in or relating to arc lamps for the production of ultra-violet radiation

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Publication Number Publication Date
US2004680A true US2004680A (en) 1935-06-11

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US2004680D Expired - Lifetime US2004680A (en) 1933-04-13 Open electric arc-lamp for the gen

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US (1) US2004680A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE397875A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB418988A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL38056C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418507A (en) * 1966-01-20 1968-12-24 Larry L. Young Gaseous, arc-radiation source with electrodes, radiation window, and specular focus aligned on the same axis
US4181869A (en) * 1978-03-06 1980-01-01 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Tungsten halogen lamp in reflector envelope
US20090019505A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-15 Toshiba America Research, Inc. Streaming video over multiple network interfaces

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418507A (en) * 1966-01-20 1968-12-24 Larry L. Young Gaseous, arc-radiation source with electrodes, radiation window, and specular focus aligned on the same axis
US4181869A (en) * 1978-03-06 1980-01-01 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Tungsten halogen lamp in reflector envelope
US20090019505A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-15 Toshiba America Research, Inc. Streaming video over multiple network interfaces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE397875A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1933-08-31
NL38056C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1936-04-17
GB418988A (en) 1934-10-29

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