US2004272A - Production of artificial products - Google Patents
Production of artificial products Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2004272A US2004272A US552545A US55254531A US2004272A US 2004272 A US2004272 A US 2004272A US 552545 A US552545 A US 552545A US 55254531 A US55254531 A US 55254531A US 2004272 A US2004272 A US 2004272A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- products
- liquid
- spinning
- filaments
- cellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 41
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 39
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 26
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AGGIJOLULBJGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfoacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS(O)(=O)=O AGGIJOLULBJGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
Definitions
- products were obtainable of fine denier or small cross-section and of high-strength.
- the viscose, cuprammonium cellulose or other solution of cellulose or cellulose derivative adapted to yield products of regenerated cellulose is extruded into a liquid which is a' non-solvent for the cellulose or for the cellulose derivative and is a non-solvent for the solvent of the spinning solution, for instance water in the case of viscose.
- Hydrocarbons or halogenats' the extruded filaments or other products sink or are drawn downwards through the bath of benzene or other light liquid.
- the specific gravity of the viscose or other spinning solution may it self be adjusted, if desired, as for example by adjustingits concentration or by means of additions made thereto with the object of increasing the specific gravity.
- a liquid which is heavier than theviscose or otherspinning solution may be used, "and the viscose or other spinning solution extruded vertically upwards or upwards at an angle into the heavy liquid, and the filamentsor other products be-' ing drawn oif or allowedi tdrise through the l If; i i
- Startingjup may, forexamp'le, be effected by spinning initially.
- the bath characteristic o'ftheprese ent inVention may be thereafter introduced so that thefilaments or other products are already being drawn from the nozzle before the introduction of the said bath.
- the invention also includes a process in which some elimination of the solvent of the spinning solution takes place in the preliminary stage of.
- the liquid may be such'that it dissolves out a proportion of the waterused assolvent in the spinning solution.
- liquids which themselves have V a small solvent power for water may be used, or alternatively the hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons or. other water repellent liquids referredto above may fb'e mixed with alcohol, 'acetic acid, formic acid, lactic acid or other liquids which are adapted to confer thereon a small solvent power for water, "andwhich are at the same time non-solvents for the cellulose xanthate or other base contained in the spinning solution.
- the amount of water'thus abstracted from thefilamentsor other products should not however be sufficient to prevent their being liq-' uid orsubstantially liquid on the completion of this preliminary stage of their formation.
- the length of preliminary bath of hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbon or other suitable liquid which the filaments or other products are formed may vary very widely. It depends to some extent upon the amount of drawdown if any, which is applied and on the viscosityof the spinning solution. In most cases a length up to a 'few inches suflices to produce the advantages of the present invention
- the filaments or other products which may,
- the coagulation may be such as to effect a simultaneous conversion of theviscose, cuprammonium cellulose .orthe like into cellulose, as is the case in'the art as'practised today,
- the viscose may be coagulated in the form of a metallic or ammonium cellulose xanthate and subsequently treated to regenerate the cellulose.
- the regeneration of the cellulose is preferably effected by means of strong mineral acids or acid esters thereof or by means of sulphonic acids or other organo mineral acids (comparemy, prior U. S. application S. No. 456,872 filed 8th May,
- benzene or other light hydrocarbon or liquid may be floated on the top of the coagulating bath, the filaments sinking or being drawn through the layer of benzene or like liquid into the coagulating bath wherein they may be ccagulated either in the form of cellulose itself or as xanthate and then carried round suitable guides and finally out of the bath.
- any ordinary tank or other device customarily employed to contain the coagulating liquid maybe provided: with a partition across the full width of the container but not reachingto the bottom thereof; the container may be partially filled with the coagulating liquid proper atleast as far up as the bottom of the partition and then the benzene or other light liquid may be poured into one side only; of the partition. The spinning nozzle may then be immersed in the benzene or other light liquid, the filaments orbther products. carried down into the coagulati'ng liquid, underneath the partition and finally out of the bath.
- the container may be partially filled with the heavy liquid and the coagulating bath proper poured in so as to form a layer on the top.
- the spinning nozzle may be immersed at the bottom of the bath and the filaments or other products drawn up through thetwo layers of liquid.
- the coagulatingliquid used according to the present invention may consist, in the case of viscose, of compartively dilute mineral acids, for example sulphuric acid of to or strength, for preference mixed with sodium bisulphate or other salts and/or having additions of glucose or other sugars or like substances, or in the case of cuprammonium solutions of cellulose may consist of relatively dilute caustic soda or other suitable alkaline coagulating liquids. erated may then be treated with a string mineral acid or other agent adapted to exert a solvent, softening or incipient solvent action thereon. Such solvent action may be allowed to develop on the filaments or other products by a concentration of the mineral acid or other reagent employed in the coagulating bath itself.
- the coagulation and reextruded from a jet is led under thepartition by means of guides? and 8, then round a guide ii to a draw-roller it. From the roller it proceeds to a suitable winding or twisting and winding device, e. g. a bobbin H which may rotate in a washing liquid contained in a vessel 52.
- a suitable winding or twisting and winding device e. g. a bobbin H which may rotate in a washing liquid contained in a vessel 52.
- the partition l may be made removable, being inserted only after the thread has been led round the thread guides l, 8 and 9 to the feed roller I D.
- a spinning vessel [5 is provided with a spinning nozzle it connected with a candle filter i1 pivoted at N3, the spinning nozzle being adapted. to spin upwardly.
- the filaments 5 produced are conducted round the feed roller !9, to a thread guide 2%, through a bath 2i containing a softening liquid, and thence round the roller 22 to a bobbin or other suitable winding device 23, the said bobbin being rotated in running water or sprayed with water from a suitable device 2 5.
- This particular form of apparatus is suitable for carrying out the process inwhich the coagulating liquid 26 is lighter than the medium 27 from which the filaments are removed in substantially liquid form. The latter liquid is run into the spinning bath by means of the tube after spinning has been started up with a normal coagulating bath, forming an interfaoial surface 25 above the spinning nozzle.
- a coagulating vessel is provided with partition extending across the full width thereof, but
- a thread guide is arranged adapted to lead the filaments from one compartment of the bath to the other compartment.
- a spinning nozzle adapted to spin downwards, the height of the spinning nozzle being conveniently 3 or 4 inches above the bottom of the partition.
- the bath is filled to a point above the spinning nozzle with a 65-80% aqueous solution of sulphuric acid or a 60-70% solution of benzene 'sulphonic acid.
- Spinning is then started up with a viscose solution in the customary manner, the filaments being carriedround the thread guide and out of the bath through the compartment not containing the spinning nozzle.
- the thread is carried'roundfa feed roller adapted to exert the required tension and thence to a centrifugal spinning box or a bobbin or other winding or winding and twisting device.
- a bobbin may, for instance, be rotated in running water. After spinning has begun benzene is run into the compartment of the coagulating bath containing the spinning 'nozzle until its level reaches a point 1 to '2 inches below the spinning nozzle, Spinning is thereafter continued. The speed of the feed'roller may be increased after the introduction of the benzene, so as to obtain filaments of "unusually 'fine denier. W 1
- Example 2 A spinning vessel provided with a spinning nozzle adapted to spin upwardly is filled with. an aqueous solution containing 10% of sulphuric acid, 1% of ammonium sulphate, 15% of sodium sulphate and 10% of glucose. Spinning is started up with a viscose solution, preferably obtained from an unmatured alkali cellulose or V H yarns, threads, ribbonsfilms and like extruded from an alkali cellulose which has been matured for a comparatively short time, and the formed filaments are carried round a feed roller and thence into a bath consisting of a 60% aqueous solution of sulphoacetic acid, The yarn is carried out of the coagulating bath and wound on a bobbin rotating in running water or sprayed with water.
- a viscose solution preferably obtained from an unmatured alkali cellulose or V H yarns, threads, ribbonsfilms and like extruded from an alkali cellulose which has been matured for
- cellulosic solution as used hereinafter in the claims, is to be understood as meaning solutions of cellulose or of derivatives thereof which are relatively unstable and capable of ready regeneration, erg. viscose and the term does not include solutions of organic esters or ethers of cellulose, which are relatively stable.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB2004272X | 1930-07-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2004272A true US2004272A (en) | 1935-06-11 |
Family
ID=10895798
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US552545A Expired - Lifetime US2004272A (en) | 1930-07-30 | 1931-07-22 | Production of artificial products |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2004272A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR718152A (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3037240A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1962-06-05 | Stoy Artur | Method and apparatus for manufactureing shaped articles from solutions of acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers |
US4102959A (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1978-07-25 | Idemitsu Kosan Company, Ltd. | Process for preparing film by wet method |
US4141942A (en) * | 1975-06-04 | 1979-02-27 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Process for preparing fibrous materials by wet method |
-
1931
- 1931-06-04 FR FR718152D patent/FR718152A/fr not_active Expired
- 1931-07-22 US US552545A patent/US2004272A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3037240A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1962-06-05 | Stoy Artur | Method and apparatus for manufactureing shaped articles from solutions of acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers |
US4141942A (en) * | 1975-06-04 | 1979-02-27 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Process for preparing fibrous materials by wet method |
US4102959A (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1978-07-25 | Idemitsu Kosan Company, Ltd. | Process for preparing film by wet method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR718152A (fr) | 1932-01-20 |
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