US20040192938A1 - Production of 5-mehyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines - Google Patents

Production of 5-mehyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040192938A1
US20040192938A1 US10/396,219 US39621903A US2004192938A1 US 20040192938 A1 US20040192938 A1 US 20040192938A1 US 39621903 A US39621903 A US 39621903A US 2004192938 A1 US2004192938 A1 US 2004192938A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
unsubstituted
substituted
alkyl
pyrrolidone
methyl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/396,219
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English (en)
Inventor
Leo Manzer
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EIDP Inc
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US10/396,219 priority Critical patent/US20040192938A1/en
Assigned to E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY reassignment E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MANZER, LEO ERNEST
Priority to CA002520304A priority patent/CA2520304A1/fr
Priority to JP2006509255A priority patent/JP2006521391A/ja
Priority to EP04758118A priority patent/EP1605756A4/fr
Priority to PCT/US2004/009003 priority patent/WO2004085348A2/fr
Priority to CNA200480008274XA priority patent/CN1764379A/zh
Priority to KR1020057017861A priority patent/KR20050114690A/ko
Priority to AU2004223846A priority patent/AU2004223846A1/en
Priority to BRPI0409012-8A priority patent/BRPI0409012A/pt
Priority to US10/943,313 priority patent/US20050033062A1/en
Priority to US10/943,327 priority patent/US20050038265A1/en
Priority to US10/943,315 priority patent/US20050033063A1/en
Publication of US20040192938A1 publication Critical patent/US20040192938A1/en
Priority to US11/051,706 priority patent/US7129362B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/18Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D207/22Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/24Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/262-Pyrrolidones
    • C07D207/2632-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/2672-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/18Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D207/22Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/24Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/262-Pyrrolidones
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04Antibacterial agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/10Antimycotics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P33/00Antiparasitic agents
    • A61P33/14Ectoparasiticides, e.g. scabicides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/30Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D207/34Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/36Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/382-Pyrrolones

Definitions

  • CAB-O-JET 300 (Active) 4% Diethylene glycol 17.5% 5-Methyl-N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone 2.5% Deionized H 2 O 76%

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Communicable Diseases (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Rheumatology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
US10/396,219 2003-03-24 2003-03-24 Production of 5-mehyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines Abandoned US20040192938A1 (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/396,219 US20040192938A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2003-03-24 Production of 5-mehyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
JP2006509255A JP2006521391A (ja) 2003-03-24 2004-03-23 5−メチル−n−アリール−2−ピロリドンおよび5−メチル−n−アルキル−2−ピロリドンの製造
KR1020057017861A KR20050114690A (ko) 2003-03-24 2004-03-23 5-메틸-n-아릴-2-피롤리돈 및5-메틸-n-알킬-2-피롤리돈의 제조
BRPI0409012-8A BRPI0409012A (pt) 2003-03-24 2004-03-23 processos para preparação de um produto reacional, de uma composição farmacêutica, de uma composição agroquìmica, de uma composição de limpeza, de uma composição de tinta e de um refrigerante ou lubrificante
EP04758118A EP1605756A4 (fr) 2003-03-24 2004-03-23 Production de 5-methyl-n-aryl-2-pyrrolidone et de 5-methyl-n-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone par amination reductrice d'esters d'acide levulinique avec des arylamines et des alkylamines
PCT/US2004/009003 WO2004085348A2 (fr) 2003-03-24 2004-03-23 Production de 5-methyl-n-aryl-2-pyrrolidone et de 5-methyl-n-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone par amination reductrice d'esters d'acide levulinique avec des arylamines et des alkylamines
CNA200480008274XA CN1764379A (zh) 2003-03-24 2004-03-23 5-甲基-n-芳基-2-吡咯烷酮和5-甲基-n-烷基-2-吡咯烷酮的生产
CA002520304A CA2520304A1 (fr) 2003-03-24 2004-03-23 Production de 5-methyl-n-aryl-2-pyrrolidone et de 5-methyl-n-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone par amination reductrice d'esters d'acide levulinique avec des arylamines et des alkylamines
AU2004223846A AU2004223846A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-03-23 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone
US10/943,313 US20050033062A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US10/943,315 US20050033063A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US10/943,327 US20050038265A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US11/051,706 US7129362B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2005-02-04 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/396,219 US20040192938A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2003-03-24 Production of 5-mehyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines

Related Child Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/943,327 Division US20050038265A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US10/943,315 Division US20050033063A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US10/943,313 Division US20050033062A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US11/051,706 Continuation US7129362B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2005-02-04 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040192938A1 true US20040192938A1 (en) 2004-09-30

Family

ID=32988753

Family Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/396,219 Abandoned US20040192938A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2003-03-24 Production of 5-mehyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US10/943,313 Abandoned US20050033062A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US10/943,315 Abandoned US20050033063A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US10/943,327 Abandoned US20050038265A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US11/051,706 Expired - Fee Related US7129362B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2005-02-04 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines

Family Applications After (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/943,313 Abandoned US20050033062A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US10/943,315 Abandoned US20050033063A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US10/943,327 Abandoned US20050038265A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-09-17 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive amination of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines
US11/051,706 Expired - Fee Related US7129362B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2005-02-04 Production of 5-methyl-N-aryl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-methyl-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone by reductive of levulinic acid esters with aryl and alkyl amines

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (5) US20040192938A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1605756A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006521391A (fr)
KR (1) KR20050114690A (fr)
CN (1) CN1764379A (fr)
AU (1) AU2004223846A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0409012A (fr)
CA (1) CA2520304A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004085348A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080093247A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-04-24 Alcon Manufacturing Ltd. Packaging materials for formulations containing 2-pyrrolidone derivatives
US20080095863A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-04-24 Alcon Manufacturing Ltd. 2-pyrrolidone derivatives for preservation of ophthalmic, otic and nasal compositions
CN114934082A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-08-23 华东理工大学 一种连续流生物催化合成(s)-5-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7395113B2 (en) * 2004-03-16 2008-07-01 Medtronic, Inc. Collecting activity information to evaluate therapy
DE102006026624A1 (de) * 2006-06-08 2007-12-13 Oxeno Olefinchemie Gmbh Tripentylcitrate und deren Verwendung
CN107353237B (zh) * 2017-07-19 2020-01-24 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所苏州研究院 一种吡咯烷酮类衍生物的制备方法
CN112300047B (zh) * 2019-08-01 2023-02-07 凯特立斯(深圳)科技有限公司 一种串联还原胺化合成手性内酰胺的方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2681349A (en) * 1952-03-11 1954-06-15 Quaker Oats Co Preparation of 5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
US3235562A (en) * 1962-01-29 1966-02-15 Crown Zellerbach Corp Making lactams by the vapor phase reductive amination of oxo carboxylic acid compounds
US3337585A (en) * 1961-03-10 1967-08-22 Standard Oil Co Process for making pyrrolidones and piperidones
US4590190A (en) * 1983-07-01 1986-05-20 Nitto Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for percutaneously administering physiologically active agents using an alcohol adjuvant and a solvent
US5156666A (en) * 1989-12-11 1992-10-20 Isp Investments Inc. Delivery system for agricultural chemicals

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE609244C (de) * 1933-07-18 1935-02-11 Hoffmanni La Roche & Co Akt Ge Verfahren zur Herstellung von Lactamen
JPS592477B2 (ja) * 1980-02-12 1984-01-18 三洋電機株式会社 吸収冷凍機用吸収液
US4938887A (en) * 1988-11-10 1990-07-03 The Lubrizol Corporation Liquid refrigerant compositions
US5302197A (en) * 1992-12-30 1994-04-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ink jet inks
US6962665B2 (en) * 2000-12-08 2005-11-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Refrigerant compositions containing a compatibilizer
MY139607A (en) * 2001-07-09 2009-10-30 Avantor Performance Mat Inc Ammonia-free alkaline microelectronic cleaning compositions with improved substrate compatibility

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2681349A (en) * 1952-03-11 1954-06-15 Quaker Oats Co Preparation of 5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
US3337585A (en) * 1961-03-10 1967-08-22 Standard Oil Co Process for making pyrrolidones and piperidones
US3235562A (en) * 1962-01-29 1966-02-15 Crown Zellerbach Corp Making lactams by the vapor phase reductive amination of oxo carboxylic acid compounds
US4590190A (en) * 1983-07-01 1986-05-20 Nitto Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for percutaneously administering physiologically active agents using an alcohol adjuvant and a solvent
US5156666A (en) * 1989-12-11 1992-10-20 Isp Investments Inc. Delivery system for agricultural chemicals

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080093247A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-04-24 Alcon Manufacturing Ltd. Packaging materials for formulations containing 2-pyrrolidone derivatives
US20080095863A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-04-24 Alcon Manufacturing Ltd. 2-pyrrolidone derivatives for preservation of ophthalmic, otic and nasal compositions
CN114934082A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-08-23 华东理工大学 一种连续流生物催化合成(s)-5-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1605756A4 (fr) 2008-08-13
KR20050114690A (ko) 2005-12-06
WO2004085348A2 (fr) 2004-10-07
US20050033062A1 (en) 2005-02-10
CN1764379A (zh) 2006-04-26
AU2004223846A1 (en) 2004-10-07
EP1605756A2 (fr) 2005-12-21
US20050137406A1 (en) 2005-06-23
CA2520304A1 (fr) 2004-10-07
US7129362B2 (en) 2006-10-31
WO2004085348A3 (fr) 2004-11-18
BRPI0409012A (pt) 2006-03-28
JP2006521391A (ja) 2006-09-21
US20050033063A1 (en) 2005-02-10
US20050038265A1 (en) 2005-02-17

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AS Assignment

Owner name: E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, DELAWARE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MANZER, LEO ERNEST;REEL/FRAME:013633/0016

Effective date: 20030424

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION