US20040144657A1 - Process for the surface-immobililzation of anti-microbial polymers by metal deposition - Google Patents

Process for the surface-immobililzation of anti-microbial polymers by metal deposition Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040144657A1
US20040144657A1 US10/645,553 US64555303A US2004144657A1 US 20040144657 A1 US20040144657 A1 US 20040144657A1 US 64555303 A US64555303 A US 64555303A US 2004144657 A1 US2004144657 A1 US 2004144657A1
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Prior art keywords
acrylate
methacrylate
antimicrobial
process according
vinyl ether
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US10/645,553
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Ottersbach
Martina Inhester
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Degussa GmbH
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Assigned to DEGUSSA AG reassignment DEGUSSA AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: INHESTER, MARTINA, OTTERSBACH, PETER
Publication of US20040144657A1 publication Critical patent/US20040144657A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group, wherein Cn means a carbon skeleton not containing a ring; Thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N37/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof containing the group, wherein Cn means a carbon skeleton not containing a ring; Thio analogues thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1655—Process features
    • C23C18/1662—Use of incorporated material in the solution or dispersion, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the surface-immobilization of antimicrobial polymers, where the surface-immobilization of the antimicrobial polymers takes place by metal deposition, and also to a metal coating having antimicrobial properties.
  • hospital wards include but are not limited to intensive care, neonatal and isolation wards. Isolation wards include those in which critical cases of infection are treated. There is a need for bacteria to be kept away from all surfaces, such as surfaces of furniture and instruments, in and around hospitals.
  • microbes may also adversely affect many industrial systems.
  • separating materials, which utilize membranes or filters are severely impaired by the deposition and growth of microbes.
  • the growth of marine algae in the system may shorten running times, while the growth of biofilms may prematurely block the filter cake in deep-bed filtration.
  • crossflow filtration utilizes a specified flow perpendicular to the plane of filtration.
  • this method has proven to be industrially inadequate.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,532,269 describes a terpolymer made from butyl methacrylate, tributyltin methacrylate, and tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate.
  • This copolymer is used as an antimicrobial paint for ships; however, the hydrophilic tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate promotes slow erosion of the polymer and a corresponding release of a highly toxic tributyltin methacrylate as active antimicrobial agent.
  • the copolymer prepared using amino methacrylates is merely a matrix or carrier for added microbicidal active ingredients which may diffuse or migrate out of the carrier material. At some stage polymers of this type lose their activity once the necessary minimum inhibitor concentration (MIC) at the surface has been lost.
  • MIC minimum inhibitor concentration
  • European Patent Application 0 862 858 describes copolymers of tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate, and a methacrylate having a secondary amino function, which have inherent microbicidal properties.
  • a particular problem which arises in the industrial application of antimicrobial polymers is an ability to permanently immobilize these polymers on surfaces. As a result of erosion, abrasion, and swelling behavior of these polymers, durable adhesion to surfaces has so far proven to be an unsolved problem.
  • German Patent Application DE 101 49 973 (unpublished at the date of this patent application) describes a process for preparing extraction-resistant coatings of antimicrobial polymers by minimizing the coating thickness, but even this process cannot completely suppress swelling and the associated impairment through partial separation of surface constituents.
  • a process for the surface-immobilization of antimicrobial polymers comprising:
  • the metal deposition may electrochemical metal deposition and may be with or without an external current. This process may entail immersing the workpiece in the process bath for a time and under conditions suitable for forming a metal layer of a desired thickness.
  • a metal coating which comprises one or more antimicrobial polymers, wherein the surface of the metal coating comprises from 0.1 to 20% by surface area of said antimicrobial polymers.
  • the metal coating is produced by a process, comprising:
  • Still another object is a building, a monument, or a galvanic cell containing a coated workpiece produced in accordance with the previously specified inventive method.
  • the present invention is based, in part, on the inventor's discovery that permanent and stable surface-immobilization of antimicrobial polymers can be obtained by metal deposition and complies with the requirements profile described in an almost ideal fashion.
  • Metal coatings deposited electrochemically, with or without the application of an external current, have proven successful in improving the wear performance of the surfaces of materials subjected to mechanical stress, and these coatings now have a wide variety of industrial uses. If the antimicrobial polymers, which are present homogeneously distributed in the process bath, are uniformly embedded into the metal coating the result is durable surface-adhesion of the antimicrobial polymers to the, or within the, metal coating.
  • the present invention therefore provides a process for the surface-immobilization of antimicrobial polymers, where the surface-immobilization of the antimicrobial polymers takes place by metal deposition.
  • the invention further provides a metal coating made thereby, which has anti-microbial properties.
  • the process for the surface-immobilization of anti-microbial polymers comprises using metal deposition, which takes place either without external current or by means of external current, for the surface-immobilization of the antimicrobial polymers.
  • the metal deposition preferably takes place from a process bath having at least one antimicrobial polymer alongside constituents known to the skilled artisan.
  • the workpiece to be coated can be immersed partially or entirely into the process bath for a time and under conditions suitable to achieve the desired thickness of the metal coating layer.
  • the antimicrobial polymers preferably have a very fine prior distribution and dispersion in the process bath.
  • the antimicrobial polymer is preferably therefore added in the form of an aqueous dispersion.
  • This aqueous dispersion preferably contains from 0.01 to 30% by volume, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by volume, particularly preferably from 0.3 to 1% by volume, of the antimicrobial polymer.
  • a dispersion of the antimicrobial polymer it is also in principle possible for these to be introduced in the form of very fine suspended polymer particles.
  • nitrogen-containing antimicrobial polymers may often be converted into more soluble forms, which are therefore more suitable for the process, by addition of acid and the associated partial or quantitative protonation of the nitrogen atoms.
  • the antimicrobial polymers are preferably prepared from at least one nitrogen-functionalized monomers or phosphorus-functionalized monomers.
  • Antimicrobial polymers particularly suited for this purpose are those prepared from at least one monomer from the group consisting of 2-tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-diethylaminomethyl methacrylate, 2-tert-butylaminoethyl acrylate, 3-dimethylaminopropyl acrylate, 2-diethylaminoethyl acrylate, 2-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, diethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, N-3-dimethyl-aminopropylacrylamide, 2-methacryloyloxy-ethyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, 2-methacryloyl-oxyethyltrimethylammonium chlor
  • the antimicrobial polymers may be prepared using an additional aliphatically unsaturated monomers in addition to the monomers mentioned. These other aliphatically unsaturated monomers do not necessarily have to have any additional antimicrobial action.
  • Monomers suitable for this purpose are acrylic or methacrylic compounds, e.g.
  • the antimicrobial polymers used may have molar masses ranging from 5,000 to 5,000,000 g/mol, in particular from 20,000 to 1,000 000 g/mol, preferably from 50,000 to 500,000 g/mol (weight average).
  • antimicrobial polymers may be prepared using a polymer blend made from antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial polymers.
  • non-antimicrobial polymers include polymethyl methacrylate, PVC, polyacrylic acid, polystyrene, polyolefins, polyterephthalates, polyamides, polysulfones, polyacrylonitrile, polycarbonates, polyurethane, and cellulose derivatives.
  • the metals deposited by the metal deposition step of the inventive process are preferably nickel, copper, silver, gold, platinum, or alloys of these metals, particularly preferably nickel or copper.
  • the metal deposition may take place without external current and be based on reductive precipitation of metal on the material to be coated.
  • the skilled artisan may reduce the metal ions by two primary means:
  • deposition by a reductive process where the electrons needed to reduce the metal ions are produced with the aid of a chemical reducing agent whose standard potential has to be substantially more negative than that of the metal to be deposited.
  • the reducing agent is oxidized and the electrons released reduce the metal ions and result in metal deposition.
  • the antimicrobial polymer, surface-immobilization process of the present invention by metal deposition without external current preferably is conducted by a reductive process.
  • the process bath preferably contains from 0.01 to 30% by volume, particularly preferably from 5 to 15 % by volume, very particularly preferably from 8 to 12% by volume, of an aqueous dispersion of antimicrobial polymer.
  • this process bath comprises, for the particular embodiment of metal deposition without external current, at least one metal salt of the metal to be deposited, with preference being given to acetate, halides, or sulfates of the metal to be deposited.
  • This process bath for metal deposition without external current may also contain a reducing agent, preferably sodium hypophosphite, sodium borohydride, alkali metal amino-boranes, or formaldehyde.
  • the process bath may also contain a complexer, preferably oxycarboxylic acids, particularly preferably citric acid, glycine, ethylenediamine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), potassium sodium tartrate, or ethylenediamine propoxylate.
  • the metal deposition of the process of the present invention preferably is conducted at a pH of from 2 to 12, in particular at a pH of from 2 to 7.
  • buffer substances to the process bath, in particular organic acids and alkali metal salts of these.
  • An advantage provided by metal deposition of the process of the invention, without external current, is uniform metal deposition with simultaneous binding of the antimicrobial polymer to the surface of the entire workpiece, including, for example, in the interior of a tube, since the reduction of the metal ion proceeds independently of the shape of the workpiece or of the anode. The same thickness of metal layer is thus obtained at all sites on the workpiece.
  • the metal deposition may take place by means of external current, preferably in an electrolysis cell, particularly preferably in a glass cell. It can be advantageous for the metal deposition to be carried out in an electrolysis cell or glass cell which can be thermostatically controlled.
  • the workpiece to be coated is preferably a cathode, the anode preferably being graphite or the metal which is to be deposited on the workpiece to be coated.
  • the process bath, in this case the electrolysis bath, of the process of the invention preferably comprises from 0.01 to 30% by volume, particularly preferably from 5 to 15% by volume, very particularly preferably from 8 to 12% by volume, of the aqueous dispersion of the antimicrobial polymer, alongside the metal salt, which is preferably the sulfate or halide of the metal to be deposited on the workpiece.
  • the metal of the anode material is not soluble in the electrolysis bath, it can be advantageous to add more metal salt to the electrolysis bath at regular intervals.
  • This invention also provides a metal coating which has antimicrobial properties.
  • the surface of this metal coating of the invention comprises from 0.1 to 20% by surface area, preferably from 0.2 to 15% by surface area, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 10% by surface area, of antimicrobial polymers.
  • the antimicrobial polymers of the metal coating of the invention are preferably prepared from nitrogen-functionalized monomers or phosphorus-functionalized monomers.
  • Antimicrobial polymers particularly suited for this purpose are those prepared from at least one monomer from the group consisting of 2-tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-diethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate, 2-diethylaminomethyl methacrylate, 2-tert-butylaminoethyl acrylate, 3-di-methylaminopropyl acrylate, 2-diethylaminoethyl acrylate, 2-dimethyl-aminoethyl acrylate, dimethylamino-propylmethacrylamide, diethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, N-3-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, 2-methacryloyloxy-ethyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, 2-methacryloyl-oxyethy
  • the antimicrobial polymers may be prepared using an additional aliphatically unsaturated monomers in addition to the monomers mentioned. These other aliphatically unsaturated monomers do not necessarily have to have any additional antimicrobial action.
  • Monomers suitable for this purpose are acrylic or methacrylic compounds, e.g.
  • the antimicrobial polymers used may have molar masses of from 5,000 to 5,000,000 g/mol, in particular from 20,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol, preferably from 50,000 to 500,000 g/mol (weight average).
  • this comprises antimicrobial polymers prepared using a polymer blend made from antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial polymers.
  • non-antimicrobial polymers are polymethyl methacrylate, PVC, polyacrylic acid, polystyrene, polyolefins, polyterephthalates, polyamides, polysulfones, polyacrylonitrile, polycarbonates, polyurethane, and cellulose derivatives.
  • the metal coating of the present invention are those that are preferably produced by the process of the present invention.
  • the workpieces are treated according to the present invention, they may be used in the protection of the surfaces used in construction of buildings, monuments, or galvanic cells.
  • the layer was formed in a glass cell which was thermostatically controlled and had a volume of 200 mL at a temperature of 55° C., on a rod electrode made from titanium.
  • the anode used comprises a rotationally symmetrical nickel cylinder.
  • the electrolyte solution was composed of 150 mL of a solution of 220 g/L of NiSO 4 *7H 2 O, 18 g/L of NiCl 2 *6H 2 O, 18 g/L of H 3 BO 3 , and also 15 mL of the product from example 1.
  • the pH was then adjusted to 3.5 by adding sulfuric acid and the cathodic current density was adjusted to about 10 A/dm 2 .
  • the experiment was terminated after 30 minutes and the titanium electrode was removed.
  • the layer was formed in a glass cell which was be thermostatically controlled and had a volume of 200 mL at a temperature of 55° C., on a rod electrode made from stainless steel.
  • the anode used comprises a rotationally symmetrical nickel cylinder.
  • the electrolyte solution was composed of 150 mL of a solution of 220 g/L of NiSO 4 *7H 2 O, 18 g/L of NiCl 2 *6H 2 O, 18 g/L of H 3 BO 3 , and also 15 mL of the product from example 1 .
  • the pH was then adjusted to 3.5 by adding sulfuric acid and the cathodic current density was adjusted to about 10 A/dm 2 .
  • the experiment was terminated after 30 minutes and the stainless steel electrode was removed.
  • the coated electrode from example 1a was held on the base of a glass beaker in which there were 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The resultant system was then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension was then removed. After expiry of this time, the number of microbes had fallen from 10 7 to 10 4 microbes per mL.
  • the coated electrode from example 1b was held on the base of a glass beaker in which there were 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The resultant system was then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension was then removed. After expiry of this time, the number of microbes had fallen from 10 7 to 10 4 microbes per mL.
  • the coated electrode from example 1a was held on the base of a glass beaker in which there were 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus . The resultant system was then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension was then removed. After expiry of this time, the number of microbes had fallen from 10 7 to 10 3 microbes per mL.
  • the coated electrode from example 1b was held on the base of a glass beaker in which there were 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus . The resultant system was then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension was then removed. After expiry of this time, the number of microbes had fallen from 10 7 to 10 3 microbes per mL.
  • the surface of the coated electrode from example 1a was roughened with a fine-grain abrasive paper, then placed in water at 60° C. for 15 minutes.
  • the electrode thus treated was then held on the base of a glass beaker in which there were 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus .
  • the resultant system was then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension was then removed. After expiry of this time the number of microbes had fallen from 10 7 to 10 3 microbes per mL.
  • the surface of the coated electrode from example 1b was roughened with a fine-grain abrasive paper, then placed in water at 60° C. for 15 minutes. The electrode thus treated was then held on the base of a glass beaker in which there are 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus . The resultant system was then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension was then removed. After expiry of this time the number of microbes had fallen from 10 7 to 10 3 microbes per mL.
  • the layer is formed in a glass cell which can be thermostatically controlled and has a volume of 200 mL at a temperature of 55° C., on a rod electrode made from titanium.
  • the anode used comprises a rotationally symmetrical nickel cylinder.
  • the electrolyte solution is composed of 150 mL of a solution of 220 g/L of NiSO 4 *7H 2 O, 18 g/L of NiCl 2 *6H 2 O, 18 g/L of H 3 BO 3 , and also 15 mL of the product from example 2.
  • the pH is then adjusted to 3.5 by adding sulfuric acid and the cathodic current density is adjusted to about 10 A/dm 2 .
  • the experiment is terminated after 30 minutes and the titanium electrode is removed.
  • the layer is formed in a glass cell which can be thermostatically controlled and has a volume of 200 mL at a temperature of 55 ° C., on a rod electrode made from stainless steel.
  • the anode used comprises a rotationally symmetrical nickel cylinder.
  • the electrolyte solution is composed of 150 mL of a solution of 220 g/L of NiSO 4 *7H 2 O, 18 g/L of NiCl 2 *6H 2 O, 18 g/L of H 3 BO 3 , and also 15 mL of the product from example 2.
  • the pH is then adjusted to 3.5 by adding sulfuric acid and the cathodic current density is adjusted to about 10 A/dm 2 .
  • the experiment is terminated after 30 minutes and the stainless steel electrode is removed.
  • the coated electrode from example 2a is held on the base of a glass beaker in which there are 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
  • the resultant system is then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension is then removed. After expiry of this time, the number of microbes is expected to have fallen from 10 7 to 10 5 microbes per mL.
  • the coated electrode from example 2b is held on the base of a glass beaker in which there are 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
  • the resultant system is then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension is then removed. After expiry of this time, the number of microbes is expected to have fallen from 10 7 to 10 5 microbes per mL.
  • the coated electrode from example 2a is held on the base of a glass beaker in which there are 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus .
  • the resultant system is then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension is then removed. After expiry of this time, the number of microbes is expected to have fallen from 10 7 to 10 4 microbes per mL.
  • the coated electrode from example 2b is held on the base of a glass beaker in which there are 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus .
  • the resultant system is then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension is then removed. After expiry of this time, the number of microbes is expected to have fallen from 10 7 to 10 4 microbes per mL.
  • the surface of the coated electrode from example 2a is roughened with a fine-grain abrasive paper, then placed in water at 60° C. for 15 minutes.
  • the electrode thus treated is then held on the base of a glass beaker in which there are 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus .
  • the resultant system is then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension is then removed. After expiry of this time the number of microbes is expected to have fallen from 10 7 to 10 4 microbes per mL.
  • the surface of the coated electrode from example 2b is roughened with a fine-grain abrasive paper, then placed in water at 60° C. for 15 minutes.
  • the electrode thus treated is then held on the base of a glass beaker in which there are 10 mL of a test microbial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus .
  • the resultant system is then shaken for 4 hours. 1 mL of the test microbial suspension is then removed. After expiry of this time the number of microbes is expected to have fallen from 10 7 to 10 4 microbes per mL.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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  • Dentistry (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
US10/645,553 2002-08-22 2003-08-22 Process for the surface-immobililzation of anti-microbial polymers by metal deposition Abandoned US20040144657A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10238485.1 2002-08-22
DE10238485A DE10238485A1 (de) 2002-08-22 2002-08-22 Verfahren zur Oberflächenimmobilisierung von antimikrobiellen Polymeren mittels Metallabscheidung

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1860211A2 (de) * 2006-05-25 2007-11-28 SPX Corporation Komponente zur Nahrungsmittelverarbeitung und Beschichtungsverfahren dafür
WO2008122570A3 (de) * 2007-04-05 2009-04-23 Univ Berlin Freie Materialsystem und verfahren zur dessen herstellung

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT506089B1 (de) * 2008-03-03 2009-06-15 Ke Kelit Kunststoffwerk Gmbh Formkörper aus einem polymer, insbesondere rohr

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US6267782B1 (en) * 1997-11-20 2001-07-31 St. Jude Medical, Inc. Medical article with adhered antimicrobial metal

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DE19921894A1 (de) * 1999-05-12 2000-11-16 Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung mikrobizider Oberflächen durch Immobilisierung inhärent mikrobizid wirksamer Makromoleküle

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US6267782B1 (en) * 1997-11-20 2001-07-31 St. Jude Medical, Inc. Medical article with adhered antimicrobial metal

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1860211A2 (de) * 2006-05-25 2007-11-28 SPX Corporation Komponente zur Nahrungsmittelverarbeitung und Beschichtungsverfahren dafür
EP1860211A3 (de) * 2006-05-25 2010-07-28 SPX Corporation Komponente zur Nahrungsmittelverarbeitung und Beschichtungsverfahren dafür
WO2008122570A3 (de) * 2007-04-05 2009-04-23 Univ Berlin Freie Materialsystem und verfahren zur dessen herstellung
US20100116668A1 (en) * 2007-04-05 2010-05-13 Freie Universitaet Berlin Material system and method for producing the same

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