US20040134842A1 - Tertiary filter - Google Patents
Tertiary filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20040134842A1 US20040134842A1 US10/338,704 US33870403A US2004134842A1 US 20040134842 A1 US20040134842 A1 US 20040134842A1 US 33870403 A US33870403 A US 33870403A US 2004134842 A1 US2004134842 A1 US 2004134842A1
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- Prior art keywords
- filter
- liquid
- wash
- chamber
- filter apparatus
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
- B01D29/05—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
- B01D29/23—Supported filter elements arranged for outward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
- B01D29/54—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/64—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element
- B01D29/6438—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element nozzles
- B01D29/6446—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element nozzles with a rotary movement with respect to the filtering element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/08—Regeneration of the filter
- B01D2201/081—Regeneration of the filter using nozzles or suction devices
- B01D2201/082—Suction devices placed on the cake side of the filtering element
Definitions
- This invention relates to an apparatus for filtration of material, such as suspended solids, from a liquid effluent.
- Intermittent backwashing of the filter material is effected by moving the filter material past a suction head positioned to engage an outer side of the filter material and which is operative to draw filtered liquid from the filter effluent compartment through the filter material in a direction opposite the filter direction, to remove and discharge the entrapped solids with the backwash water.
- a backwash step is initiated either by a timer at periodic intervals or by sensing a preselected rise in liquid level in the tank as an indication that the filter web is becoming clogged.
- the filter, frame and any filter cloths make the filter frame assembly bulky and heavy. Rotation of such assembly requires large amounts of energy when such assembly is used in operation and requires special handling when the filters need to be replaced. The assembly becomes even bulkier when the filter is substantially clogged with filtered material requiring even more rotational energy.
- the object of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems with conventional filter apparatus and to provide a new filter apparatus that requires less energy to operate, is easier to maintain, and allows for efficient replacement of filters.
- a filter apparatus comprising a chamber having an influent pipe for receiving dirty liquid and an effluent pipe for discharging clean liquid, a group of non-rotating filters mounted inside the chamber wherein dirty liquid passes through the filters to create clean liquid, a wash apparatus in contact with the filters disposed within the chamber rotatable about an axis and having a plurality of ports and a motor, gear and chain assembly for rotating said wash apparatus.
- a cleaning head is able to clean the entire surface of the filter by suctioning filtered material from or washing filtered material off the filters through ports which are located on cleaning heads.
- the filters are preferably a polypropylene felt having a 10 micron mesh and are mounted preferably on a polypropylene grid backing plate.
- the chamber is divided up into dirty liquid chambers and clean liquid chambers.
- the filters provide the divisions between them.
- the chamber has a single dirty liquid chamber, a pair of filters and a pair of clean liquid chambers.
- a transfer pipe between the clean liquid chambers maintains a flow between them.
- One clean water chamber is connected to the effluent pipe as an output for the clean water from the apparatus.
- a plurality of dirty water chambers and clean water chambers may be provided.
- several filter apparatuses may be provided. Such apparatus can have a modular design to be placed together to filter out materials from a single input influent liquid.
- the wash assembly preferably comprises cleaning heads connected to respective manifolds, which are mounted onto a hollow axle. Vacuuming and suctioning forces provided from outside the filter apparatus are transferred into the apparatus via the hollow axle, through the manifolds and into the cleaning heads. The vacuuming and suctioning forces are generated by a pump and suction reversible motor.
- a control is connected with the rotational motor and the vacuum/pump motor which provides suctioning and pumping forces.
- the control via a timer or a predetermined program determines when to run a cleaning cycle to remove build-up from the filter.
- a float may also be provided inside the dirty liquid chamber to indicate when the filter is running slow and control the operation of the filter. At such a time, a signal may be sent to the control to begin a cleaning cycle.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a first side view of a filter apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates a front view of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 illustrates a second side view of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 illustrates of top sectional view of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1 showing the major components thereof;
- FIG. 5 illustrates a sectional view along line A-A in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 illustrates a sectional view along line B-B in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 7 illustrates a sectional view along line C-C in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 8 illustrates a sectional view along line D-D in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 9 illustrates a sectional view along line E-E in FIG. 4.
- FIGS. 10 and 10A- 10 D illustrate the backwash suction apparatus of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
- FIGS. 11A and 11B illustrate the filter screen of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 12 illustrates a top sectional view of a filter apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a side view of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 12.
- FIGS. 1 - 11 A detailed view of a first embodiment of the invention is disclosed in FIGS. 1 - 11 .
- the filter apparatus is a filtration device for removing particles from a liquid.
- the apparatus may be used as a tertiary filtration system for filtering out such particles following treatment from an industrial or municipal wastewater treatment plant.
- the device may also be used as a primary filtration system in other capacities.
- FIGS. 1 - 4 show the general features of a filter apparatus 100 , which is generally of a box shape comprising several inner compartments.
- the liquid to be filtered enters an upper portion of apparatus 100 via an influent pipe 1 . Inside the apparatus the liquid is filtered to remove solids from the liquid. The cleaned liquid then passes through a discharge box 7 and is discharged through a discharge pipe 8 .
- apparatus 100 is divided into three compartments, a dirty liquid chamber 2 and two clean liquid chambers 4 and 6 .
- a transfer pipe 5 interconnects the bottom each of the clean water chambers 4 and 5 and to allow free flow of liquid between them.
- Filter assemblies 3 A and 3 B are mounted inside the apparatus and provide a division between dirty liquid chamber 2 and clean liquid chambers 4 and 6 . Dirty liquid entering through pipe I fills dirty liquid chamber 2 . The water then passes through filter assemblies 3 A and 3 B which removes solids from the liquid to clean the liquid. The clean liquid then moves into clean water chambers 4 and 6 . Clean liquid in clean water chamber 4 moves through transfer pipe 5 to clean water chamber 6 . The clean water then exits the apparatus through discharge box 7 and discharge pipe 8 .
- each filter assemblies 3 A and 3 B is a divider between dirty liquid chamber 2 and clean liquid chambers 4 and 6 .
- Filter assemblies 3 A and 3 B comprises four grid backing plates 40 generally arranged in a circular configuration divided into four quadrants. Each backing plate 40 is removable separately from the filter apparatus to allow changing of the plates.
- Backing plates 40 are preferably made of a polypropylene.
- each grid backing plate 40 On the inside of each grid backing plate 40 is a filter 41 (FIGS. 6 and 7).
- the filter in conjunction with backing plate 40 removes solids from the liquid passing from dirty liquid chamber 2 to clean liquid chambers 4 and 6 .
- Filter 41 is preferably a cloth media that is stretched over the surface of grid backing plate 40 . It may be made of a cloth polypropylene felt. It preferably comprises apertures of about 10 microns width. However, any filter media capable of filtering out a desired solid may be used.
- each removable grid backing plate 40 having an associated filter 41 mounted thereon is shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B.
- Each grid backing plate basically is a quarter circle shape having filter 41 applied to a surface thereof. The combination removes desired solids from the dirty liquid.
- Wash assembly 110 comprises a pair of wash arms 10 A and 10 B mounted on a hollow axle 11 .
- the wash arms 10 A and 10 B are placed into contact or near contact with filter assembly 3 and are used to wash filters 41 of such accumulated solids by either vacuuming and/or rinsing.
- the wash arms rotate about hollow axle 11 (shown in FIGS. 6 and 7).
- wash arm 10 A and 10 B are mounted on hollow axle 11 and are in fluid connection allowing for vacuum and rinsing forces to pass from hollow axle 11 to wash assembly 100 .
- Hollow axle 11 rotates about its axis via a pair of bearings 30 attached at either side of filter apparatus 100 , and may rotate either in a clockwise rotation or in a counter clockwise rotation.
- a wash motor 13 mounted on an upper surface of filter apparatus 100 provides the driving power to rotate hollow axle 11 via a disk gear 12 provided on the hollow axle.
- the rotation may be at one revolution per minute at intervals, and need not be continuous.
- the rotation may be at any speed and interval necessary to adequately clean filters 41 .
- a chain or belt extends between a disk gear on wash motor 13 and disk gear 12 to transfer rotation of motor 13 to axle 11 and hence wash assembly 110 .
- a vacuum and hydraulic pump assembly (shown in FIGS. 4 and 9), comprising a wash pump 15 , a wash discharge pipe 16 , a connecting pipe 60 and a wash axle seat 14 .
- wash pump 15 provides either a pumping force or provides a suction force.
- wash assembly 110 via connecting pipe 60 and hollow axle 11 . All such components are in fluid contact and provide a conduit for suctioning and pumping forces.
- Wash axle seal 14 provides a seal between connecting pipe 60 and hollow axle 11 to allow for rotation of the hollow axle with respect to the connecting pipe without losing any vacuum or pumping pressure of the pump assembly. Fluid that is being pumped into the filter apparatus and solids that are vacuumed off the filter in the apparatus retrieved by the pumping assembly are either received or discharged through wash discharge pipe 16 .
- Wash arm 10 A comprises a hollow rectangular box shaped vacuum head 220 which is provided with a series of connection holes 401 , 402 , 403 along a side thereof and a series of vacuum/wash holes 270 , 271 , 272 along another side thereof.
- the vacuum/wash holes may be a series of round holes or long slits along the side thereof or may be a single slit along the entire surface. Such design will depend on the particular solids to be removed.
- Vacuum head 220 has a pair of dividers 212 and 213 which divide the inner region of the vacuum head into three vacuum compartments 300 , 301 and 302 , each of different length.
- connection hole 401 , 402 or 403 provides an inlet to each respective vacuum compartment 300 , 301 or 302 .
- a suction or wash force supplied to connection holes 401 , 401 and 403 will be transferred to vacuum/wash holes 270 , 271 , or 272 , respectively.
- Vacuum head 220 is attached a wash frame 204 , which is attached to a wash bracket 214 .
- Wash bracket attaches directly to hollow axle 11 in wash assembly 10 .
- Wash frame 204 extends radially from hollow axle 11 allowing vacuum head 220 to make a radial sweep as wash assembly 110 rotates.
- the vacuum head 220 is held in contact to filters 41 by a spring or other means (not shown).
- wash bracket 214 is a wash manifold 200 , which is a hollow cylinder extending radially away from hollow axle 11 .
- the connection between wash bracket 214 and wash manifold 200 is a fluid connection, whereby a hole 215 connects the inner chamber of the wash manifold through the wash bracket.
- Hollow axle 11 also has a hole at the location where wash bracket 214 attaches to it. When the wash bracket is connected to hollow axle 11 as shown in FIGS. 4, 6 and 7 , the inner chamber of hollow axle 11 is in communication with the inner chamber of wash manifold 200 .
- Wash manifold 200 additionally has three consecutive manifold connection holes 221 , 222 and 223 along its length.
- Connection tubes 224 , 225 and 226 connect between the manifold connection holes 221 , 222 and 223 and the vacuum head connection holes 401 , 402 and 403 .
- Such system intercommunicates the inner chamber of wash manifold 200 to the three chambers of the vacuum head 220 .
- vacuum/wash hole 272 which is nearer the rotational axis will cover less surface across filter 41 than vacuum/wash hole 270 since vacuum/wash hole 270 is farther from the rotational axis. This implies that the farther from the center of rotation, the amount of solids and dirty liquid removed at a particular radius will increase. For example, if a similar suction is provided across the entire vacuum head 220 , vacuum/wash hole 270 would vacuum up more material than vacuum/wash hole 272 . Such an arrangement means that substantially more solids and dirty liquid enter wash manifold 200 from connection tube 226 than tube 224 .
- a first method is to alter the diameter of manifold connection holes 221 . 222 and 223 . Such can be done by placing a reducer or washer in the connection hole, making the piping different sizes at the connections, or any other means by which the amount of fluid passing through the connection hole can be restricted. Making manifold connection hole 221 smaller in diameter will restrict the amount of solids and dirty liquid that can be removed through vacuum/wash hole 272 . Altering the diameters of manifold connection holes 222 and 223 provides similar results to vacuum/wash holes 271 and 270 , respectively.
- Another method to achieve a more uniform removal rate across vacuum head 220 is to alter the relative sizes of the vacuum/wash holes 270 , 271 , 272 .
- making vacuum/wash hole 272 , the nearest to the rotational axis, smaller than vacuum/wash hole 271 , which in turn is made smaller than vacuum/wash hole 272 would also restrict the amount of solids and dirty water taken in by the vacuum/wash holes nearer the rotational axis and allow more solids and dirty water to be taken in by the holes farther away from the rotational axis.
- vacuum head 220 namely vacuum compartments 300 , 301 and 302
- more or fewer divisions may be used to provide a uniform rate of removal of solids.
- FIG. 4 While the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 includes only one vacuum head, such design is by way of example. More than one vacuum head may be used, such at that shown in FIG. 10D whereby two vacuum arms are attached to one another. Other embodiments are additionally possible.
- Filter apparatus 100 is further provided with a control 20 (shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) for controlling the operations of the wash assembly 1 10 and the hydraulic pump assembly.
- a control 20 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) for controlling the operations of the wash assembly 1 10 and the hydraulic pump assembly.
- a float level switch 19 provided in dirty liquid chamber 2 and is to provide information regarding the level of the dirty water.
- control 20 begins or ends operation of the wash assembly or the hydraulic pump assembly. For example, when the dirty water level in dirty liquid chamber 2 rises sufficiently during a filtering operation of the filter apparatus, which would generally indicate that the filter has a substantial build-up of solids, control 20 would activate either a vacuum operation or a wash operation. A vacuum operation would activate the wash pump 15 to perform a vacuum operation and simultaneously activate wash motor 13 to begin rotation of the wash assembly. On the other hand, a wash operation would activate wash pump 15 to perform a pumping operation and also simultaneously activate wash motor 13 . While use of control 20 is preferred, such activations may be done manually or with the aid
- dirty liquid chamber 2 is also provided with an overflow pipe 9 .
- overflow pipe 9 Should the filters become clogged with enough solids to prevent adequate liquid flow or should the power in the backwash suction system fail, the level of the dirty liquid would continue to rise until it reaches overflow pipe 9 . The excess dirty liquid would then flow out of the filter apparatus through overflow pipe 9 to a designated location. Such prevents the filter apparatus from over filling or from causing influent pipe 1 to back up.
- a group of pipes are provided.
- a pair of clean liquid drain pipes 18 are provided at the lower portions of the clean liquid chambers 4 and 6 .
- Such pipe allows for draining such chambers.
- a sludge discharge pipe 17 is provided at a lower portion of dirty liquid chamber 2 to drain remaining dirty water as well as provide access to the chamber to remove sludge that has accumulated in its bottom.
- Dirty liquid enters apparatus 100 via influent pipe 1 and is dumped into dirty water chamber 2 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6.
- the dirty liquid passes through filter assembly 3 A and 3 B whereby solids and other materials are removed from the liquid.
- Clean liquid passes completely through into clean liquid chambers 4 and 6 .
- Liquid in clean liquid chamber 4 passes into clean liquid chamber 6 via a transfer pipe 5 . Once a certain level of clean liquid is achieved in clean liquid chamber 6 as shown in FIG. 8, the clean liquid passes out the effluent pipe 8 .
- the suction passes from wash pump 15 , through connecting pipe 60 , into hollow axle 11 , into wash bracket 214 , into wash manifold 200 , into connection tubes 224 , 225 and 226 , into vacuum compartments 300 , 301 and 302 , through and vacuum/wash holes 270 , 271 , 272 to vacuum solids and other materials from the surface of filters 41 .
- Control 20 may also activate a rinsing cycle whereby wash pump is activated to provide a pumping action.
- Water, cleaning fluid or other chemical cleaning agents may be pulled into wash pump 15 and pumped out through connecting pipe 60 , into hollow axle 11 , into wash bracket 214 , into wash manifold 200 , into connection tubes 224 , 225 and 226 , into vacuum compartments 300 , 301 and 302 , through and vacuum/wash holes 270 , 271 , 272 to blast such liquid onto the surface of filters 41 .
- Control 20 may repeat a suction cycle and/or a rinsing cycle repetitively or in combinations to effectively remove all debris from filters 41 .
- Control 20 may also be notified that a cleaning cycle is required with the use of a timer, which can be set to notify at various intervals and durations, depending on a predetermined amount of solids in the wastewater.
- control 20 activates wash motor 13 to rotate wash assembly 110 .
- the wash assembly must be rotated in order for the vacuum heads 200 to effectively clean the entire surface of filters 41 .
- vacuum head 220 extends radially from the axis of hollow axle 11 . As the wash motor rotates wash assembly, vacuum head 220 is able to contact or vacuum/rinse the entire surface area of filters 41 .
- the wash motor is arranged such that the vacuum head can travel clockwise and/or counter clockwise over the filter 41 .
- Changing of the filter 41 and/or the grid backing plates 40 requires a few simple steps.
- the operator When a change process is required, the operator must first drain the dirty liquid chamber 2 and the clean liquid chambers 4 and 6 . Such can be done through sludge discharge pipe 17 and clean liquid drain pipes 18 .
- the pipes are essentially opened to allow the liquid in filter apparatus to drain out of the chambers.
- Sludge discharge pipe 17 has a larger diameter to allow for sludge accumulated in dirty liquid chamber to either drain out or be removed manually by an operator.
- the operator may remove panels 300 and 301 on the filter apparatus (FIG.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.
- the invention has generally similar operation and components, but has a second filter and wash assembly incorporated therein.
- dirty liquid enters the filter apparatus 600 through influent pipe 601 , which is separated and flows into dirty liquid chambers 602 A and 602 B.
- Filter assemblies 603 A, 603 B, 603 C and 603 D each filter out solids and materials.
- the clean water flows into clean liquid chambers 604 , 604 A and 606 .
- the three chambers are connected via a transfer pipe assembly 605 , whereby clean liquid flows in order to maintain an equilibrium between them.
- the clean water then rises and flows out of the filter apparatus through a effluent pipe 608 .
- Wash assembly 710 has a similar appearance and function as disclosed in the previous embodiment, but uses a single wash motor 613 to rotate four wash arms 610 A-D about hollow axle 611 . Each wash arm 610 A-D cleans a respective filter assembly 603 A-D.
- the respective design of each wash arm 610 A-D is similar as wash arms 10 A and 10 B of the previous embodiment.
- the design of the vacuum and hydraulic pump assembly 650 is similar to the pump assembly shown and described in the previous embodiment.
- Dirty liquid chambers 602 A and 602 B are also provided with overflow pipes 609 . Should the filters become clogged with enough solids to prevent adequate liquid flow or should the power in the backwash suction system fail, the level of the dirty liquid would continue to rise in each respective chamber until it reaches overflow pipes 609 . The excess dirty liquid would then flow out of the filter apparatus through overflow pipes 609 to a designated location. Such prevents the filter apparatus from over filling or from causing influent pipe 601 to back up.
- a group of pipes are provided.
- a trio of clean liquid drain pipes 618 are provided at the lower portions of the clean liquid chambers 604 , 604 A and 606 .
- Such pipe allows for draining such chambers.
- sludge discharge pipes 617 are provided at a lower portion of dirty liquid chambers 602 A and 602 B to drain remaining dirty water as well as provide access to the chamber to remove sludge that has accumulated in its bottom.
- the design of the first embodiment may be altered to create a modular design, whereby a group of such filter apparatuses may be aligned side by side. Such would merely require splitting the influent liquid coming in at the influent pipe and sending it into the influent pipe for each filter apparatus. Such can be accomplished by splitting the main pipe into a plurality of branches. Additionally, the clean liquid would have to be collected from each effluent pipe for each filter apparatus. Such can be accomplished with the use of a pipe joint whereby several pipes spill into a single pipe. A further modification would be to mechanically link the hollow axles of each adjacent modular filter apparatus. Such linking of the hollow axles can be accomplished in any manner known to those having ordinary skill in the art. In this manner, the entire row of filter apparatuses could operate under a single wash motor.
- An additional embodiment may be to use a single filter assembly in the filter apparatus described in the first embodiment. Such would have the effect of reducing the components required for the filter apparatus.
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- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to an apparatus for filtration of material, such as suspended solids, from a liquid effluent.
- Various filtration apparatus is known in the art. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,090,965 and 4,639,315, both to Fuchs disclose apparatus whereby a cloth is mounted on a rotatable drum filter on a filter frame. The filter frame defines a boundary between influent and effluent compartments. During filtering, liquid influent containing suspended solids is passed into the influent compartment and flows in a filter direction through the filter into the filter effluent compartment for discharge to an outlet. Intermittent backwashing of the filter material is effected by moving the filter material past a suction head positioned to engage an outer side of the filter material and which is operative to draw filtered liquid from the filter effluent compartment through the filter material in a direction opposite the filter direction, to remove and discharge the entrapped solids with the backwash water. In general, a backwash step is initiated either by a timer at periodic intervals or by sensing a preselected rise in liquid level in the tank as an indication that the filter web is becoming clogged.
- Other filter apparatus, such as U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,612 to Astrom, disclose a filter apparatus whereby a vertical disc shaped filter frame is used rather than a drum shape. A filter makes up the outer surface of the disk so that the influent is forced into the inner region through the filter into a effluent region. A backwash suction assembly is located in contact with the filter frame to remove material that may clog the filter. The filter frame is rotated in order to clean the entire filter surface.
- When the filter becomes clogged, requires extensive cleaning or simply requires replacement in any of the forgoing apparatus of the prior art, an operator must remove outer panels on the apparatus and access the filter frame. The filter frame must then be rotated to a certain position so the operator can avoid the backwash and other assemblies in order to gain access to the filter/cloths. Such processes makes such a filter exchange difficult and time consuming to change filters/cloths.
- Further, the filter, frame and any filter cloths make the filter frame assembly bulky and heavy. Rotation of such assembly requires large amounts of energy when such assembly is used in operation and requires special handling when the filters need to be replaced. The assembly becomes even bulkier when the filter is substantially clogged with filtered material requiring even more rotational energy.
- The object of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems with conventional filter apparatus and to provide a new filter apparatus that requires less energy to operate, is easier to maintain, and allows for efficient replacement of filters.
- These and other objects are overcome in a filter apparatus comprising a chamber having an influent pipe for receiving dirty liquid and an effluent pipe for discharging clean liquid, a group of non-rotating filters mounted inside the chamber wherein dirty liquid passes through the filters to create clean liquid, a wash apparatus in contact with the filters disposed within the chamber rotatable about an axis and having a plurality of ports and a motor, gear and chain assembly for rotating said wash apparatus. When the motor rotates the wash apparatus, a cleaning head is able to clean the entire surface of the filter by suctioning filtered material from or washing filtered material off the filters through ports which are located on cleaning heads. The filters are preferably a polypropylene felt having a 10 micron mesh and are mounted preferably on a polypropylene grid backing plate.
- The chamber is divided up into dirty liquid chambers and clean liquid chambers. The filters provide the divisions between them. In a preferred embodiment, the chamber has a single dirty liquid chamber, a pair of filters and a pair of clean liquid chambers. A transfer pipe between the clean liquid chambers maintains a flow between them. One clean water chamber is connected to the effluent pipe as an output for the clean water from the apparatus. In another embodiment a plurality of dirty water chambers and clean water chambers may be provided. In yet another embodiment, several filter apparatuses may be provided. Such apparatus can have a modular design to be placed together to filter out materials from a single input influent liquid.
- The wash assembly preferably comprises cleaning heads connected to respective manifolds, which are mounted onto a hollow axle. Vacuuming and suctioning forces provided from outside the filter apparatus are transferred into the apparatus via the hollow axle, through the manifolds and into the cleaning heads. The vacuuming and suctioning forces are generated by a pump and suction reversible motor.
- In yet another embodiment, a control is connected with the rotational motor and the vacuum/pump motor which provides suctioning and pumping forces. The control via a timer or a predetermined program determines when to run a cleaning cycle to remove build-up from the filter. A float may also be provided inside the dirty liquid chamber to indicate when the filter is running slow and control the operation of the filter. At such a time, a signal may be sent to the control to begin a cleaning cycle.
- The invention will now be explained and objects other than those set forth above, will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description which makes reference to the annexed drawings wherein:
- FIG. 1 illustrates a first side view of a filter apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention;
- FIG. 2 illustrates a front view of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 illustrates a second side view of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 illustrates of top sectional view of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1 showing the major components thereof;
- FIG. 5 illustrates a sectional view along line A-A in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 illustrates a sectional view along line B-B in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 7 illustrates a sectional view along line C-C in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 8 illustrates a sectional view along line D-D in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 9 illustrates a sectional view along line E-E in FIG. 4;
- FIGS. 10 and 10A-10D illustrate the backwash suction apparatus of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
- FIGS. 11A and 11B illustrate the filter screen of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 12 illustrates a top sectional view of a filter apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention; and
- FIG. 13 illustrates a side view of the filter apparatus shown in FIG. 12.
- A detailed view of a first embodiment of the invention is disclosed in FIGS.1-11. The filter apparatus is a filtration device for removing particles from a liquid. The apparatus may be used as a tertiary filtration system for filtering out such particles following treatment from an industrial or municipal wastewater treatment plant. The device may also be used as a primary filtration system in other capacities.
- FIGS.1-4 show the general features of a
filter apparatus 100, which is generally of a box shape comprising several inner compartments. The liquid to be filtered enters an upper portion ofapparatus 100 via aninfluent pipe 1. Inside the apparatus the liquid is filtered to remove solids from the liquid. The cleaned liquid then passes through adischarge box 7 and is discharged through adischarge pipe 8. - As shown in FIG. 4,
apparatus 100 is divided into three compartments, a dirtyliquid chamber 2 and twoclean liquid chambers transfer pipe 5 interconnects the bottom each of theclean water chambers Filter assemblies liquid chamber 2 and cleanliquid chambers liquid chamber 2. The water then passes throughfilter assemblies clean water chambers clean water chamber 4 moves throughtransfer pipe 5 to cleanwater chamber 6. The clean water then exits the apparatus throughdischarge box 7 anddischarge pipe 8. - As shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and7, each
filter assemblies liquid chamber 2 and cleanliquid chambers Filter assemblies grid backing plates 40 generally arranged in a circular configuration divided into four quadrants. Eachbacking plate 40 is removable separately from the filter apparatus to allow changing of the plates. Backingplates 40 are preferably made of a polypropylene. - On the inside of each
grid backing plate 40 is a filter 41 (FIGS. 6 and 7). The filter, in conjunction withbacking plate 40 removes solids from the liquid passing from dirtyliquid chamber 2 to cleanliquid chambers Filter 41 is preferably a cloth media that is stretched over the surface ofgrid backing plate 40. It may be made of a cloth polypropylene felt. It preferably comprises apertures of about 10 microns width. However, any filter media capable of filtering out a desired solid may be used. - The structure of each removable
grid backing plate 40 having an associatedfilter 41 mounted thereon is shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B. Each grid backing plate basically is a quarter circleshape having filter 41 applied to a surface thereof. The combination removes desired solids from the dirty liquid. - After extended use of the apparatus, the solids filtered out of the dirty liquid by
filters 41 begin to accumulate, causing the filter to become clogged. To remove excessive solids, the apparatus is provided with awash assembly 110.Wash assembly 110 comprises a pair ofwash arms hollow axle 11. Thewash arms filter assembly 3 and are used to washfilters 41 of such accumulated solids by either vacuuming and/or rinsing. In order for thewash arms filters 41, the wash arms rotate about hollow axle 11 (shown in FIGS. 6 and 7). As such, washarm hollow axle 11 and are in fluid connection allowing for vacuum and rinsing forces to pass fromhollow axle 11 to washassembly 100. -
Hollow axle 11 rotates about its axis via a pair ofbearings 30 attached at either side offilter apparatus 100, and may rotate either in a clockwise rotation or in a counter clockwise rotation. Awash motor 13 mounted on an upper surface offilter apparatus 100 provides the driving power to rotatehollow axle 11 via adisk gear 12 provided on the hollow axle. The rotation may be at one revolution per minute at intervals, and need not be continuous. The rotation may be at any speed and interval necessary to adequately clean filters 41. A chain or belt extends between a disk gear onwash motor 13 anddisk gear 12 to transfer rotation ofmotor 13 toaxle 11 and hence washassembly 110. - Connected to a distal end of
hollow axle 11 from outside the filter apparatus is a vacuum and hydraulic pump assembly (shown in FIGS. 4 and 9), comprising awash pump 15, awash discharge pipe 16, a connectingpipe 60 and awash axle seat 14. Such components are electrically connected withwash motor 13 to operate simultaneously. Wash pump 15 provides either a pumping force or provides a suction force. Such forces are transferred to washassembly 110 via connectingpipe 60 andhollow axle 11. All such components are in fluid contact and provide a conduit for suctioning and pumping forces. Washaxle seal 14 provides a seal between connectingpipe 60 andhollow axle 11 to allow for rotation of the hollow axle with respect to the connecting pipe without losing any vacuum or pumping pressure of the pump assembly. Fluid that is being pumped into the filter apparatus and solids that are vacuumed off the filter in the apparatus retrieved by the pumping assembly are either received or discharged throughwash discharge pipe 16. - The structure and design of wash assembly are shown in FIGS. 10 and 10A-
D. Wash arm 10A comprises a hollow rectangular box shapedvacuum head 220 which is provided with a series of connection holes 401, 402, 403 along a side thereof and a series of vacuum/wash holes 270, 271, 272 along another side thereof. The vacuum/wash holes may be a series of round holes or long slits along the side thereof or may be a single slit along the entire surface. Such design will depend on the particular solids to be removed.Vacuum head 220 has a pair ofdividers vacuum compartments connection hole respective vacuum compartment -
Vacuum head 220 is attached awash frame 204, which is attached to awash bracket 214. Wash bracket attaches directly tohollow axle 11 inwash assembly 10.Wash frame 204 extends radially fromhollow axle 11 allowingvacuum head 220 to make a radial sweep aswash assembly 110 rotates. Thevacuum head 220 is held in contact tofilters 41 by a spring or other means (not shown). - Additionally attached to wash
bracket 214 is awash manifold 200, which is a hollow cylinder extending radially away fromhollow axle 11. The connection betweenwash bracket 214 and washmanifold 200 is a fluid connection, whereby a hole 215 connects the inner chamber of the wash manifold through the wash bracket.Hollow axle 11 also has a hole at the location wherewash bracket 214 attaches to it. When the wash bracket is connected to hollowaxle 11 as shown in FIGS. 4, 6 and 7, the inner chamber ofhollow axle 11 is in communication with the inner chamber ofwash manifold 200. -
Wash manifold 200 additionally has three consecutive manifold connection holes 221, 222 and 223 along its length.Connection tubes wash manifold 200 to the three chambers of thevacuum head 220. - Because of the rotation of
vacuum head 220 about the axis ofhollow axle 11, vacuum/wash hole 272 which is nearer the rotational axis will cover less surface acrossfilter 41 than vacuum/wash hole 270 since vacuum/wash hole 270 is farther from the rotational axis. This implies that the farther from the center of rotation, the amount of solids and dirty liquid removed at a particular radius will increase. For example, if a similar suction is provided across theentire vacuum head 220, vacuum/wash hole 270 would vacuum up more material than vacuum/wash hole 272. Such an arrangement means that substantially more solids and dirty liquidenter wash manifold 200 fromconnection tube 226 thantube 224. - To provide a more efficient operation of the filter, it is advantageous to provide a more uniform rate of removal of solids and dirty liquid across
filter 41. There are various methods to achieve a uniform rate. A first method is to alter the diameter of manifold connection holes 221. 222 and 223. Such can be done by placing a reducer or washer in the connection hole, making the piping different sizes at the connections, or any other means by which the amount of fluid passing through the connection hole can be restricted. Makingmanifold connection hole 221 smaller in diameter will restrict the amount of solids and dirty liquid that can be removed through vacuum/wash hole 272. Altering the diameters of manifold connection holes 222 and 223 provides similar results to vacuum/wash holes 271 and 270, respectively. Making the diameter ofmanifold connection hole 221 smaller in diameter than the diameter ofmanifold connection hole 222, which is in turn made smaller than the diameter ofmanifold connection hole 223 will provide a smaller amount of solids/dirty liquid removal in the areas nearer the rotational axis, namely atvacuum wash hole 272 and a greater amount of removal atvacuum wash hole 270, which will provide a more uniform removal acrossvacuum head 200. - Another method to achieve a more uniform removal rate across
vacuum head 220 is to alter the relative sizes of the vacuum/wash holes 270,271,272. For example, making vacuum/wash hole 272, the nearest to the rotational axis, smaller than vacuum/wash hole 271, which in turn is made smaller than vacuum/wash hole 272 would also restrict the amount of solids and dirty water taken in by the vacuum/wash holes nearer the rotational axis and allow more solids and dirty water to be taken in by the holes farther away from the rotational axis. - While a group of three divisions of
vacuum head 220, namely vacuum compartments 300, 301 and 302, such is used by way of example, more or fewer divisions may be used to provide a uniform rate of removal of solids. - While the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 includes only one vacuum head, such design is by way of example. More than one vacuum head may be used, such at that shown in FIG. 10D whereby two vacuum arms are attached to one another. Other embodiments are additionally possible.
-
Filter apparatus 100 is further provided with a control 20 (shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) for controlling the operations of thewash assembly 1 10 and the hydraulic pump assembly. Connected to control 20 is afloat level switch 19 provided in dirtyliquid chamber 2 and is to provide information regarding the level of the dirty water. By information received from float level switch,control 20 begins or ends operation of the wash assembly or the hydraulic pump assembly. For example, when the dirty water level in dirtyliquid chamber 2 rises sufficiently during a filtering operation of the filter apparatus, which would generally indicate that the filter has a substantial build-up of solids,control 20 would activate either a vacuum operation or a wash operation. A vacuum operation would activate thewash pump 15 to perform a vacuum operation and simultaneously activatewash motor 13 to begin rotation of the wash assembly. On the other hand, a wash operation would activate washpump 15 to perform a pumping operation and also simultaneously activatewash motor 13. While use ofcontrol 20 is preferred, such activations may be done manually or with the aid of a timer. - Referring back to FIGS. 1, 3, and6, dirty
liquid chamber 2 is also provided with anoverflow pipe 9. Should the filters become clogged with enough solids to prevent adequate liquid flow or should the power in the backwash suction system fail, the level of the dirty liquid would continue to rise until it reachesoverflow pipe 9. The excess dirty liquid would then flow out of the filter apparatus throughoverflow pipe 9 to a designated location. Such prevents the filter apparatus from over filling or from causinginfluent pipe 1 to back up. - To clean or drain the filter apparatus, a group of pipes are provided. A pair of clean
liquid drain pipes 18 are provided at the lower portions of theclean liquid chambers sludge discharge pipe 17 is provided at a lower portion of dirtyliquid chamber 2 to drain remaining dirty water as well as provide access to the chamber to remove sludge that has accumulated in its bottom. - The operation of the filter apparatus will now be described. Dirty liquid enters
apparatus 100 viainfluent pipe 1 and is dumped intodirty water chamber 2 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6. The dirty liquid passes throughfilter assembly clean liquid chambers liquid chamber 4 passes into cleanliquid chamber 6 via atransfer pipe 5. Once a certain level of clean liquid is achieved in cleanliquid chamber 6 as shown in FIG. 8, the clean liquid passes out theeffluent pipe 8. - During operation of the filter apparatus, solids and other materials will begin to accumulate on the
filter assemblies liquid chamber 2. When the level reachesfloat level switch 9,control 20 will be notified a cleaning operation is required. At such time,control 20 will activate a vacuum cycle whereby the wash pump is activated to provide a suction. The suction passes fromwash pump 15, through connectingpipe 60, intohollow axle 11, intowash bracket 214, intowash manifold 200, intoconnection tubes vacuum compartments filters 41. When such solids and materials are removed, they pass through the system and is pumped out through thewash discharge pipe 16.Control 20 may also activate a rinsing cycle whereby wash pump is activated to provide a pumping action. Water, cleaning fluid or other chemical cleaning agents may be pulled intowash pump 15 and pumped out through connectingpipe 60, intohollow axle 11, intowash bracket 214, intowash manifold 200, intoconnection tubes vacuum compartments filters 41. Such has the effect of dislodging any solids or other material that may be difficult to remove with a suction cycle.Control 20 may repeat a suction cycle and/or a rinsing cycle repetitively or in combinations to effectively remove all debris from filters 41.Control 20 may also be notified that a cleaning cycle is required with the use of a timer, which can be set to notify at various intervals and durations, depending on a predetermined amount of solids in the wastewater. - Simultaneously during each of the suction cycle and the rinsing cycle,
control 20 activates washmotor 13 to rotatewash assembly 110. The wash assembly must be rotated in order for the vacuum heads 200 to effectively clean the entire surface offilters 41. As described above,vacuum head 220 extends radially from the axis ofhollow axle 11. As the wash motor rotates wash assembly,vacuum head 220 is able to contact or vacuum/rinse the entire surface area offilters 41. The wash motor is arranged such that the vacuum head can travel clockwise and/or counter clockwise over thefilter 41. - Changing of the
filter 41 and/or thegrid backing plates 40 requires a few simple steps. When a change process is required, the operator must first drain the dirtyliquid chamber 2 and theclean liquid chambers sludge discharge pipe 17 and cleanliquid drain pipes 18. The pipes are essentially opened to allow the liquid in filter apparatus to drain out of the chambers.Sludge discharge pipe 17 has a larger diameter to allow for sludge accumulated in dirty liquid chamber to either drain out or be removed manually by an operator. Once the chambers have been emptied, the operator may removepanels grid backing plates 40 through dirtyliquid chamber 2, on which filters 41 are attached, which can be removed regardless of the position ofwash assembly 110. The operator only need reach through the dirtyliquid chamber 2 to change the filters in the filter apparatus. No cumbersome or complicated apparatus for rotating the filter assembly as in the prior art is present or need to be disassembled to enable removal offilter 41. - A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. The invention has generally similar operation and components, but has a second filter and wash assembly incorporated therein. In its operation, dirty liquid enters the
filter apparatus 600 throughinfluent pipe 601, which is separated and flows into dirtyliquid chambers 602A and 602B.Filter assemblies liquid chambers effluent pipe 608. -
Wash assembly 710 has a similar appearance and function as disclosed in the previous embodiment, but uses asingle wash motor 613 to rotate four wash arms 610A-D abouthollow axle 611. Each wash arm 610A-D cleans a respective filter assembly 603A-D. The respective design of each wash arm 610A-D is similar aswash arms hydraulic pump assembly 650 is similar to the pump assembly shown and described in the previous embodiment. -
Dirty liquid chambers 602A and 602B are also provided withoverflow pipes 609. Should the filters become clogged with enough solids to prevent adequate liquid flow or should the power in the backwash suction system fail, the level of the dirty liquid would continue to rise in each respective chamber until it reachesoverflow pipes 609. The excess dirty liquid would then flow out of the filter apparatus throughoverflow pipes 609 to a designated location. Such prevents the filter apparatus from over filling or from causinginfluent pipe 601 to back up. - To clean or drain the filter apparatus according to this embodiment, a group of pipes are provided. A trio of clean
liquid drain pipes 618 are provided at the lower portions of theclean liquid chambers sludge discharge pipes 617 are provided at a lower portion of dirtyliquid chambers 602A and 602B to drain remaining dirty water as well as provide access to the chamber to remove sludge that has accumulated in its bottom. - Cleaning of the apparatus of this embodiment would occur in a generally similar manner as that disclosed in the previous embodiment with regard to filter assemblies603A-D. When a change process is required, the operator must first drain the
dirty liquid chambers 602A and 602B and theclean liquid chambers sludge discharge pipes 617 and cleanliquid drain pipes 618. The pipes are essentially opened to allow the liquid in the filter apparatus to drain out of the chambers.Sludge discharge pipes 617 have a larger diameter to allow for sludge accumulated in dirty liquid chamber to either drain out or be removed manually by an operator. Once the chambers have been emptied, the operator may removepanels grid backing plates 40 of the filter assemblies 603A and 603C through dirtyliquid chambers 602A and 602B, on which filters 41 are attached. The operator only needs to reach through thedirty liquid chambers 602A and 602B to change the filters in the filter apparatus. - While the above embodiment discloses a single apparatus having a single body shell having a pair of dirty water chambers and four filter assemblies, the design of the first embodiment may be altered to create a modular design, whereby a group of such filter apparatuses may be aligned side by side. Such would merely require splitting the influent liquid coming in at the influent pipe and sending it into the influent pipe for each filter apparatus. Such can be accomplished by splitting the main pipe into a plurality of branches. Additionally, the clean liquid would have to be collected from each effluent pipe for each filter apparatus. Such can be accomplished with the use of a pipe joint whereby several pipes spill into a single pipe. A further modification would be to mechanically link the hollow axles of each adjacent modular filter apparatus. Such linking of the hollow axles can be accomplished in any manner known to those having ordinary skill in the art. In this manner, the entire row of filter apparatuses could operate under a single wash motor.
- An additional embodiment may be to use a single filter assembly in the filter apparatus described in the first embodiment. Such would have the effect of reducing the components required for the filter apparatus.
- Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in detail, such explanation is to be clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only, and is not to be taken by way of limitation. The particular order of the method steps is not necessarily vital; rather, the inventive steps may be done in numerous orders without depart from the invention herein described. The spirit and scope of the present invention are to be limited only by the terms of claims recited hereinafter.
Claims (29)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/338,704 US20040134842A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2003-01-09 | Tertiary filter |
DE102004001506A DE102004001506B4 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-01-09 | tertiary filters |
CH00036/04A CH697573B1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-01-09 | Filtering device with rotating washing arrangement. |
US10/839,166 US7537689B2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-05-06 | Tertiary filter |
US11/066,274 US7678284B2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2005-02-28 | Tertiary filter |
US12/692,410 US7820062B2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2010-01-22 | Tertiary filter |
US12/909,664 US20110031177A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2010-10-21 | Tertiary filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/338,704 US20040134842A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2003-01-09 | Tertiary filter |
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US10/839,166 Continuation-In-Part US7537689B2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-05-06 | Tertiary filter |
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US10/839,166 Expired - Lifetime US7537689B2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-05-06 | Tertiary filter |
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US10/839,166 Expired - Lifetime US7537689B2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-05-06 | Tertiary filter |
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US7799236B2 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2010-09-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Gathering method and apparatus of powder separated soluble component |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH697573B1 (en) | 2008-12-15 |
DE102004001506B4 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
DE102004001506A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
US7537689B2 (en) | 2009-05-26 |
US20050000870A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
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