US20040125049A1 - Method and apparatus for grayscale enhancement of a display device - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for grayscale enhancement of a display device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040125049A1
US20040125049A1 US10/625,117 US62511703A US2004125049A1 US 20040125049 A1 US20040125049 A1 US 20040125049A1 US 62511703 A US62511703 A US 62511703A US 2004125049 A1 US2004125049 A1 US 2004125049A1
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Prior art keywords
addressing
impulse
luminous elements
sustain
addressed
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US10/625,117
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English (en)
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Sebastien Weitbruch
Cedric Thebault
Carlos Correa
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Thomson Licensing SAS
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Thomson Licensing SAS
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Assigned to THOMSON LICENSING S.A. reassignment THOMSON LICENSING S.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CORREA, CARLOS, THEBAULT, CEDRIC, WEITBRUCH, SEBASTIEN
Publication of US20040125049A1 publication Critical patent/US20040125049A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/296—Driving circuits for producing the waveforms applied to the driving electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/2803—Display of gradations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
    • G09G2320/0276—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping for the purpose of adaptation to the characteristics of a display device, i.e. gamma correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0285—Improving the quality of display appearance using tables for spatial correction of display data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
    • G09G2360/16—Calculation or use of calculated indices related to luminance levels in display data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for grayscale enhancement of a display device. More specifically the invention is closely related to a kind of video processing for improving the picture quality of pictures which are displayed on devices like plasma display panels (PDP) and all kinds of displays based on the principle of duty cycle modulation (pulse width modulation) of light emission. Particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for driving a display device having a plurality of luminous elements by addressing those luminous elements which have to be activated for one frame period by applying an addressing impulse having a predetermined writing voltage to each of them, and controlling the light output of each of the addressed luminous elements by applying a discrete, predetermined number of sustain impulses each having the same predetermined sustain voltage.
  • a PDP utilizes a matrix array of discharge cells which can only be “ON” or “OFF”. Therefore, a PDP can be defined as a pure digital display. Also unlike a CRT or LCD in which grey levels are expressed by analog control of the light emission, a PDP controls the grey level by modulating the number of light pulses per frame (sustain pulses). The time-modulated signals will be integrated by the eye over a period corresponding to the eye time response. Since the amplitude video is portrayed by the number of light pulses, occurring at a given frequency, more amplitude means more light pulses and thus more “ON” time. This kind of modulation is also known as PWM, pulse width modulation. For image quality, greyscale portrayal is of paramount importance.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates such a function.
  • the quadratic gamma function according to the above formular is drawn.
  • the input quantizised with 8 bits is converted to an output signal also quantizised with 8 bits.
  • the gradient at input level “0” is 0.
  • the input level “255” is converted to the output level “255”.
  • the output signal increases parabolically.
  • the gamma function is zoomed for the low input levels up to the value “50”.
  • the zoomed part shows the real function and the digital function obtained by integer values.
  • this object is solved by a method for driving a display device having a plurality of luminous elements including the steps of addressing those luminous elements which have to be activated for one complete frame period or a part of it, called activation cycle or sub-field, by applying an addressing impulse having a predetermined writing voltage to each of them, and controlling the light output of at least one of said addressed luminous elements on the basis of the energy of said addressing impulse.
  • one of the addressed luminous elements in one frame period may be activated by the addressing impulse and at least one sustain impulse. Consequently, the discrete steps between other output levels than “0” and “1” may be reduced too.
  • the activation energy of one addressing impulse should be smaller than that of one sustain impulse. A combination of such activation energies allows to reduce the quantization steps of the digital processing.
  • the activation of luminous elements for one frame period is usually performed by a plurality of activation cycles (sub-fields) and preferably, an erasing operation is performed to the end of each activation cycle.
  • the erasing operation ensures that any charges generated during addressing or sustaining operations are re-combined so that the respective luminous element is completely reset.
  • a time period for addressing should be reserved.
  • all luminous elements of the display which have to be activated for a frame period or a sub-period called “sub-field” of a frame are addressed by a writing/addressing impulse.
  • a sustain operation may optionally be performed between the addressing and the erasing operation.
  • the provision of a picture analysis of the input picture has the advantage to improve the decision of using the addressing impulses for controlling the light output of the luminous elements. Especially, if the statistical distribution of luminance shows major dark regions or the brightness of the present frame is lower than a predetermined threshold the inventive principle of using the addressing impulse for controlling the output of the luminous elements may be used. Such threshold for the peak or mean brightness of the present frame may be 10% of the maximal possible brightness.
  • the present invention provides a technique that enables to dispose of an operation based on simple addressing without sustain, enabling to a display a subsustain light emission of e.g. 0.14 cd/m 2 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a standard gamma function applied on 8-bit coded signals
  • FIG. 2 shows the sub-field coding concept according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows an inventive coding concept based on 11 standard sub-fields plus 4 single-writing sub-fields
  • FIG. 4 shows the principal of low level optimized coding and standard optimized coding
  • FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a hardware implementation of the inventive coding concept.
  • the PDP addressing writing operation can be considered as a discharge appearing in the selected cell, this discharge will let a remaining charge inside the cell for a certain time (capacity effect of the plasma cells).
  • the sustain operation itself is an operation with alternating current so that at the end of the sustain cycles there is still the same charge in the cell.
  • a global erase operation following the sustain operation suppresses the charges inside the cells.
  • the addressing (writing) operation can be considered as a discharge appearing only in the selected cells, such an operation will also produce some light emission (around 0.14 cd/m 2 ) which is much more than a single priming operation (e.g. 0.08 cd/m 2 ).
  • An erase operation could be then applied directly after the writing operation. In that case, since no sustain cycle has been applied, one can dispose of a sub-sustain weight having only a luminance of (0.15 cd/m 2 ). In the example such a sub-sustain weight (0.15 cd/m 2 ) represents around one fifth of a standard sustain operation.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates such a new concept.
  • the complete frame period shown in the figure is divided into 11 standard sub-fields and one single writing sub-field as a first sub-field.
  • a priming operation is provided at the beginning of the frame period.
  • the first sub-field i.e. the single-writing sub-field (W)
  • This single writing sub-field is used for sub-sustain weighting.
  • Each of the following standard sub-fields consists of an addressing block (white) followed by a sustain block (grey) and completed by the erasing block (black).
  • the sustain cycle or block increases in accordance with the code digit.
  • the previous gamma Table 1 can be upgraded to the following Table 2: TABLE 2 Upgraded digitized gamma function Input (8-bit) Output (float) Output (8-bit) 0 0 0 1 0.003921569 0 2 0.015686275 0 3 0.035294118 0 4 0.062745098 0 5 0.098039216 0 6 0.141176471 0 7 0.192156863 W 8 0.250980392 W 9 0.317647059 W 10 0.392156863 W 11 0.474509804 W 12 0.564705882 1 13 0.662745098 1 14 0.768627451 1 15 0.882352941 1 16 1.003921569 1 17 1.133333333 1 18 1.270588235 1+W 19 1.415686275 1+W 20 1.568627451 2 21 1.729411765 2 22 1.898039216 2 23 2.074509804 2 ... ... ... 250 245.0980392 245 251 247.062
  • FIG. 3 illustrates at the bottom an example of a coding based on 11 standard sub-fields plus 4 single-writing sub-fields.
  • the sub-field structure of this example is equal to that of FIG. 2.
  • the first four sub-fields (activation cycles) only include an addressing block (white) and an erasing block (black).
  • Each of the following eleven standard sub-fields includes one sustain cycle (grey).
  • the broadness of the sustain cycles is determined by their number within the frame period.
  • FIG. 3 At the top of FIG. 3 there is shown a sub-field organisation with 15 standard sub-fields within the frame period. In average the sustain cycles of the 15 sub-fields at the top of FIG. 3 are a little bit smaller than the sustain cycles of the 11 standards sub-fields of the inventive frame organisation at the bottom of FIG. 3. In both cases the same maximum power of light is obtainable for the driven luminous element. However, particularly in the dark areas smaller quantization steps are possible with the embodiment of the bottom of FIG. 3.
  • the gamma Table 1 can be updated for the first 30 levels to following Table 3: TABLE 3 Alternatively upgraded digitized gamma function Input (8-bit) Output (float) Output (8-bit) 0 0 0 1 0.003921569 0 2 0.015686275 0 3 0.035294118 0 4 0.062745098 0 5 0.098039216 0 6 0.141176471 0 7 0.192156863 W 8 0.250980392 W 9 0.317647059 W 10 0.392156863 2W 11 0.474509804 2W 12 0.564705882 3W 13 0.662745098 3W 14 0.768627451 4W 15 0.882352941 4W 16 1.003921569 1 17 1.133333333 1 18 1.270588235 1+W 19 1.415686275 1+2W 20 1.568627451 1+3W 21 1.729411765 1+4W 22 1.898039216 2 23 2.074509804 2
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a possible circuit implementation of the inventive system.
  • the input signals R, G, B for each colour are provided in a code length of 8 bits, i.e. bit 7 to bit 0.
  • Such an input RGB picture (3 ⁇ 8 bit) is sent to a video gamma block 10.
  • the output signals of the video gamma block obtained by the gamma function has a resolution of 10 bits per colour.
  • This pre-corrected RGB data is analysed in an average power measure block 12 which gives the computed average power value APL to a PWE control block 14 .
  • the average power value of a picture can be calculated by simply summing up the pixel values for all RGB data streams and dividing the result through the number of pixel values multiplied by 3.
  • the control block 14 includes a look up table LUT 16 , so that depending on the APL the corresponding parameters are chosen from this LUT:
  • the sub-field structure i.e. how many addressing blocks are used for one frame in total.
  • the corresponding video encoding is transmitted through the information “CODING” towards a sub-field coding block 18 .
  • the signal SCAN for addressing those luminous elements of a plasma display panel 20 which have to be activated for a picture frame.
  • the signal SUSTAIN/ERASE determining the number of sustain impulses or the erasing impulse for each addressed luminous element. If zero sustain is chosen, a sub-sustain weighting with addressing only will be performed. Thus, the corresponding waveforms for erasing, addressing, sustaining etc. are defined.
  • the sub-field coding parameters define the number of sub-fields, positioning of the sub-fields, the weights of the sub-fields and the types of the sub-fields as explained in WO 00/46782.
  • the output signals of the video gamma unit 10 are also input to the sub-field coding unit 18 , where the sub-field coding process is done.
  • a sub-field code word is assigned to each normalized pixel value.
  • more than one possibility to assign a sub-field coding word can be alternatively available.
  • there may be a table for each mode so that the assignment is made with this table. Ambiguities can be avoided in this way.
  • the PWE control block 14 also controls the writing WR of the RGB pixel data output from the sub-field coding unit 18 into a 2-frame memory 22 . Furthermore, the PWE control block 14 controls the reading RD of RGB sub-fields data SF-R, SF-G and SF-B from the 2-frame memory 22 and the serial to parallel conversion circuit 24 via a control line SP.
  • the read bits of the sub-field code words are collected in the serial/parallel conversion unit 24 for a whole line of the PDP 20 . As there are e.g. 854 pixel in one line, this means 2562 sub-field coding bits need to be read for each line per sub-field period. These bits are input in the shift registers of the serial/parallel conversion unit 24 .
  • the resulting DATA are input to the PDP 20 .
  • the described implementation introduces a delay of 1 frame between power measurement and action. Power level is measured, and at the end of a given frame, the average power value becomes available to the controller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
  • Control Of Gas Discharge Display Tubes (AREA)
US10/625,117 2002-07-30 2003-07-22 Method and apparatus for grayscale enhancement of a display device Abandoned US20040125049A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02291925.2 2002-07-30
EP02291925A EP1387341A1 (fr) 2002-07-30 2002-07-30 Méthode et dispositif pour l'amelioration de la representation des niveaux de gris d'un appareil d'affichage

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US (1) US20040125049A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1387341A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004070327A (fr)
KR (1) KR20040011358A (fr)
CN (1) CN1477854A (fr)
TW (1) TWI228914B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100128057A1 (en) * 2007-06-27 2010-05-27 Ingo Tobias Doser System and method for color correction between displays with and without average picture dependency
US20100201667A1 (en) * 2007-06-18 2010-08-12 Bongsun Lee Method and system for display characterization and content calibration
US20110109652A1 (en) * 2007-05-22 2011-05-12 Bongsun Lee Method and system for prediction of gamma characteristics for a display

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20050091509A (ko) * 2004-03-12 2005-09-15 삼성전자주식회사 디스플레이장치

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US5075597A (en) * 1988-08-26 1991-12-24 Thomson-Csf Method for the row-by-row control of a coplanar sustaining ac type of plasma panel
US5446344A (en) * 1993-12-10 1995-08-29 Fujitsu Limited Method and apparatus for driving surface discharge plasma display panel
US20010011973A1 (en) * 1999-12-17 2001-08-09 Kang Kyoung-Ho Method and apparatus for driving plasma display panel
US6331843B1 (en) * 1997-12-10 2001-12-18 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Display apparatus capable of adjusting the number of subframes to brightness
US20020130825A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-09-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for expressing gray level with decimal value in plasma display panel
US20030025654A1 (en) * 2001-08-06 2003-02-06 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for driving scan electrodes of alternating current plasma display panel
US6985125B2 (en) * 1999-04-26 2006-01-10 Imaging Systems Technology, Inc. Addressing of AC plasma display

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JP3639395B2 (ja) * 1996-11-29 2005-04-20 三洋電機株式会社 平面表示装置の駆動方法
JP3564951B2 (ja) * 1997-07-18 2004-09-15 株式会社富士通ゼネラル Ｐｄｐ表示装置
EP1026655A1 (fr) * 1999-02-01 2000-08-09 Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh Procédé pour commande de niveau de puissance d'un dispositif d'affichage et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
JP4484276B2 (ja) * 1999-09-17 2010-06-16 日立プラズマディスプレイ株式会社 プラズマディスプレイ装置およびその表示方法
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US5075597A (en) * 1988-08-26 1991-12-24 Thomson-Csf Method for the row-by-row control of a coplanar sustaining ac type of plasma panel
US5446344A (en) * 1993-12-10 1995-08-29 Fujitsu Limited Method and apparatus for driving surface discharge plasma display panel
US6331843B1 (en) * 1997-12-10 2001-12-18 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Display apparatus capable of adjusting the number of subframes to brightness
US6985125B2 (en) * 1999-04-26 2006-01-10 Imaging Systems Technology, Inc. Addressing of AC plasma display
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110109652A1 (en) * 2007-05-22 2011-05-12 Bongsun Lee Method and system for prediction of gamma characteristics for a display
US9177499B2 (en) 2007-05-22 2015-11-03 Thomson Licensing Method and system for prediction of gamma characteristics for a display
US20100201667A1 (en) * 2007-06-18 2010-08-12 Bongsun Lee Method and system for display characterization and content calibration
US20100128057A1 (en) * 2007-06-27 2010-05-27 Ingo Tobias Doser System and method for color correction between displays with and without average picture dependency
US8970636B2 (en) 2007-06-27 2015-03-03 Thomson Licensing System and method for color correction between displays with and without average picture dependency

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TW200402230A (en) 2004-02-01
JP2004070327A (ja) 2004-03-04
EP1387341A1 (fr) 2004-02-04
TWI228914B (en) 2005-03-01
KR20040011358A (ko) 2004-02-05
CN1477854A (zh) 2004-02-25

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