US20040105838A1 - Orlistat compositions - Google Patents

Orlistat compositions Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20040105838A1
US20040105838A1 US10/718,049 US71804903A US2004105838A1 US 20040105838 A1 US20040105838 A1 US 20040105838A1 US 71804903 A US71804903 A US 71804903A US 2004105838 A1 US2004105838 A1 US 2004105838A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
orlistat
bile acid
acid sequestrant
composition according
amount
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/718,049
Inventor
Pierre Barbier
Paul Hadvary
Hans Lengsfeld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8169384&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US20040105838(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US10/718,049 priority Critical patent/US20040105838A1/en
Publication of US20040105838A1 publication Critical patent/US20040105838A1/en
Priority to US11/062,086 priority patent/US20050136030A1/en
Priority to US11/499,955 priority patent/US20060269510A1/en
Priority to US12/763,794 priority patent/US8071571B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/716Glucans
    • A61K31/721Dextrans
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/337Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/365Lactones
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/716Glucans
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/716Glucans
    • A61K31/717Celluloses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/74Synthetic polymeric materials
    • A61K31/785Polymers containing nitrogen
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/16Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06Antihyperlipidemics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12Antivirals
    • A61P31/14Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A61P31/18Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pharmaceutical combinations, compositions and methods for treating obesity.
  • Bile acids are synthesized in the liver and enter the bile as glycine and taurine conjugates. They are released in salt form in bile during digestion and act as detergents to solubilize and consequently aid in digestion of dietary fats. Following digestion, bile acid salts are mostly reabsorbed in the ileum, complexed with proteins, and returned to the liver through the hepatic portal vein. The small amount of bile acid salts which are not reabsorbed by active transport are excreted via the distal ileum and large intestine as a portion of fecal material.
  • Reducing reabsorption of bile acids within the intestinal tract can lower levels of bile acid circulating in the enterohepatic system thereby potentially reducing emulsification in the upper intestinal tract of dietary fat and reducing intestinal absorption of fat soluble drugs.
  • One method of reducing the amount of bile acids that are reabsorbed, is oral administration of compounds that sequester the bile acids within the intestinal tract and cannot themselves be absorbed.
  • Orlistat also known as tetrahydrolipstatin and sold under the brand name XENICAL®
  • gastrointestinal lipases i.e. lipases that are responsible for breaking down ingested fat (gastric lipase, carboxylester lipase, pancreatic lipase).
  • lipases that are responsible for breaking down ingested fat (gastric lipase, carboxylester lipase, pancreatic lipase).
  • XENICAL® a potent inhibitor of gastrointestinal lipases
  • lipases that are responsible for breaking down ingested fat (gastric lipase, carboxylester lipase, pancreatic lipase).
  • Pancreatic lipase is the key enzyme for the hydrolysis of dietary triglycerides.
  • Triglycerides that have escaped hydrolysis are not absorbed in the intestine.
  • Pharmacological studies with human patients demonstrate potent inhibition of fat absorption and medically relevant reduction of body weight was achieved
  • the subject invention provides a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a lipase inhibitor and a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant.
  • the composition further comprises one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients
  • the lipase inhibitor is orlistat
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam, colestimide, sevelamer, cellulose derivatives, dextran derivatives, starch, starch derivatives, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • bile acid sequestrants are cellulose derivatives and dextran derivatives, such as DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose, or DEAE-Sephadex.
  • starches or starch derivatives are ⁇ -cyclodextrin, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, retrograded starch, degraded starch, a combination of retrograded and degraded starch, hydrophobic starch, amylose, starch-diethylaminoethylether, and starch-2-hydroxyethylether.
  • a desirable composition comprises (a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of a lipase inhibitor and (b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g of a bile acid sequestrant and favorably contains (a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of a lipase inhibitor; (b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant; (c) from about 0.1 to about 10 g of a filler; (d) from about 0.05 to about 3.0 g of a surfactant; (e) from about 0.05 to about 2.0 g of a disintegrant; (f) from about 0.02 to about 2.0 g of a binder; (g) from about 0.001 to about 1.0 g of a lubricant; (h) from about 0.1 to about 5.0 g of a flowability enhancer; (
  • Preferred amounts of lipase inhibitor include from about 10 to about 500 mg, e.g. 120 mg, and 20 to about 100 mg, e.g. about 60 mg.
  • Preferred amount of bile acid sequestrant are from about 0.5 to about 10 g and from about 1 to about 5 g.
  • kits for use in the treatment of obesity which comprises (a) a first component which is a lipase inhibitor and (b) a second component which is a bile acid sequestrant, present in oral unit dosage form.
  • a method of treating obesity in an obese patient comprises administering to a patient in need of such treatment (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a lipase inhibitor and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant in an amount effective to reduce gastrointestinal side effects associated with the lipase inhibitor.
  • the lipase inhibitor and bile acid sequestrant can be administered simultaneously, separately, and/or sequentially.
  • the subject invention provides a method of reducing the gastrointestinal side effects associated with the lipase inhibitor treatment.
  • This method comprises administering to a patient being treated with a lipase inhibitor an amount of a bile salt sequestrant effective to reduce the side effects associated with the lipase inhibitor treatment.
  • the invention relates to a combination or composition
  • a lipase inhibitor preferably a compound of formula I (orlistat)
  • compositions or combinations which are able to minimize or suppress the above mentioned side effects caused by inhibitors of digestive lipases.
  • compositions or combinations comprise a lipase inhibitor, preferably orlistat, a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant, optionally in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent or carrier.
  • the invention comprises also a method of treatment of obesity and associated comorbidities and other diseases treatable by lipase inhibitors which comprises administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a lipase inhibitor, preferably orlistat, and a therapeutically effective amount of a bile acid sequestrant.
  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition or combination comprising a lipase inhibitor, preferably a compound of formula I (orlistat) and a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant, optionally in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent or carrier.
  • a lipase inhibitor preferably a compound of formula I (orlistat) and a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant, optionally in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent or carrier.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant may be selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, diethylaminoethylcellulose (DEAE-cellulose), and starch derivatives like ⁇ -cyclodextrin and ⁇ -cyclodextrin, more preferably from cholestyramine, colestipol, diethylaminoethylcellulose, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, and ⁇ -cyclodextrin, and even more preferably from cholestyramine and colestipol, and most preferably the bile acid sequestrant is cholestyramine.
  • the invention also provides the use of the above combination of compounds in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and prevention of obesity. Additionally, it provides the combination for use in the treatment and prevention of obesity.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts means salts of lipase inhibitors or bile acid sequestrants with inorganic or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid, formic acid, maleic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, methanesulphonic acid, p-toluenesulphonic acid and the like, which are non-toxic to living organisms.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts mean correspondingly chlorides, bromides, sulphates, phosphates, citrates, formiates, maleates, acetates, succinates, tartrates, methanesulphonates, p-toluenesulphonates and the like.
  • lipase inhibitor refers to compounds which are capable of inhibiting the action of lipases, for example gastric and pancreatic lipases.
  • lipases for example gastric and pancreatic lipases.
  • orlistat and lipstatin as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,089 are potent inhibitor of lipases.
  • Lipstatin is a natural product of microbial origin, and orlistat is the result of a hydrogenation of lipstatin. (All U.S. Patents mentioned herein are expressly incorporated by reference.)
  • Other lipase inhibitors include a class of compound commonly referred to as panclicins. Panclicins are analogues of orlistat (Mutoh et al, 1994).
  • lipase inhibitor refers also to polymer bound lipase inhibitors for example described in International Patent Application WO99/34786 (Geltex Pharmaceuticals Inc.). These polymers are characterized in that they have been substituted with one or more groups that inhibit lipases.
  • lipase inhibitor also encompasses pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds.
  • lipase inhibitor also refers to 2-oxy-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones which have been described in International Patent Application WO 00/40569 (Alizyme Therapeutics Ltd.), e.g.
  • lipase inhibitor refers to orlistat.
  • Orlistat is a known compound useful for the control or prevention of obesity and hyperlipidemia. See, U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,089, issued Jul. 1, 1986, which also discloses processes for making orlistat and U.S. Pat. No. 6,004,996, which discloses appropriate pharmaceutical compositions. Further suitable pharmaceutical compositions are described for example in International Patent Applications WO 00/09122 and WO 00/09123. Additional processes for the preparation of orlistat are disclosed in European Patent Applications Publication Nos. 185,359, 189,577, 443,449, and 524,495.
  • Orlistat is preferably orally administered from 60 to 720 mg per day in divided doses two to three times per day. Preferred is wherein from 180 to 360 mg, most preferably 360 mg per day of a lipase inhibitor is administered to a subject, preferably in divided doses two or, particularly, three times per day.
  • the subject is preferably an obese or overweight human, i.e. a human with a body mass index of 25 or greater.
  • the lipase inhibitor be administered within about one or two hours of ingestion of a meal containing fat.
  • treatment be administered to a human who has a strong family history of obesity and has obtained a body mass index of 25 or greater.
  • Orlistat can be administered to humans in conventional oral compositions, such as tablets, coated tablets, hard and soft gelatin capsules, emulsions or suspensions.
  • carriers which can be used for tablets, coated tablets, dragees and hard gelatin capsules are lactose, other sugars and sugar alcohols like sorbitol, mannitol, maltodextrin, or other fillers; surfactants like sodium lauryle sulfate, Brij 96, or Tween 80; disintegrants like sodium starch glycolate, maize starch or derivatives thereof; polymers like povidone, crospovidone; talc; stearic acid or its salts and the like.
  • Suitable carriers for soft gelatin capsules are, for example, vegetable oils, waxes, fats, semi-solid and liquid polyols and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations can contain preserving agents, solubilizers, stabilizing agents, wetting agents, emulsifying agents, sweetening agents, coloring agents, flavoring agents, salts for varying the osmotic pressure, buffers, coating agents and antioxidants. They can also contain still other therapeutically valuable substances.
  • the formulations may conveniently be presented in unit dosage form and may be prepared by any methods known in the pharmaceutical art. Preferably, orlistat is administered according to the formulation shown in the Examples and in U.S. Pat. No. 6,004,996, respectively.
  • bile acid sequestrant refers to compound classes which are able to bind bile acids or bile acid salts by various principles, e.g. anion exchanging polymers containing amino groups, quaternary ammonium groups, etc. (amine containing polymers).
  • the term refers to oligomers or polymers of different architecture (graft-, block-, multiblock-, homo-, copolymers), dendrimers, or hyperbranched structures containing either quaternary ammonium groups, substituted or unsubstituted pyridinium groups, substituted or unsubstituted primary, secondary, or tertiary alkyl- or arylamine groups, or any statistical or non-statistical combination thereof, which are capable of forming complexes with physiologically active bile acids and/or bile salts through non-covalent Van der Waals, hydrophobic and/or ionic interactions.
  • these structures can include, e.g., poly(amino acids) such as poly(lysine), poly(lactic acid-co-lysine) (PLAL), poly(vinyl amine), poly(allyl amine), poly(N-alkylvinyl amine), poly(N,N-dialkyl amine), poly(N-alkylallyl amine), poly(ethylene imine) and other mono- or disubstituted poly(amine)s.
  • poly(amino acids) such as poly(lysine), poly(lactic acid-co-lysine) (PLAL), poly(vinyl amine), poly(allyl amine), poly(N-alkylvinyl amine), poly(N,N-dialkyl amine), poly(N-alkylallyl amine), poly(ethylene imine) and other mono- or disubstituted poly(amine)s.
  • poly(amino acids) such as poly(lysine), poly(lactic acid-co-lysine) (PLAL
  • polymers include poly(vinyl pyridinyl), poly(amide enamines), PAMAM dendrimers, polymers containing azo-groups, poly(dialkyl siloxane)s, poly(phosphazene)s, poly(acrylate)s, poly(methacrylate)s, poly(styrene), poly(amides), poly(ethers), poly(esters).
  • Suitable side-chains can include cationic or neutral groups, substituted and unsubstituted alkyl or aryl groups, saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups, amino acids or functional groups such as amine or ammonium moieties, for example (Uhrich et. al., Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 3181-3198).
  • bile acid sequestrants are compounds capable of forming host-guest inclusion complexes, such as ⁇ and ⁇ -cyclodextrines.
  • Bile acid sequestrants and methods for their preparation have been described for example in International Patent Applications WO 95/34585 (Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; relating to polyamine salt hydrophobic sequestrants), WO94/27620 (Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; relating to the preparation of polymeric sequestrants for bile acids), and WO94/04596 (DuPont; relating to crosslinked polymeric ammonium salts).
  • amine containing polymers may comprise the compounds described in International Patent Application WO 94/27620.
  • the polymers are characterized by a repeat unit having the formula
  • R 1 is H or an alkyl group (which may be straight chain or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., a C 1 -C 8 alkyl, such as methyl);
  • M is —C(O)— R 2 or —Z—R 2 ;
  • Z is O, NR 3 , S, or (CH 2 )m;
  • m 0-10;
  • R 3 is H or an alkyl group (which may be straight chain or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., C 1 -C 8 alkyl, such as methyl); and
  • R 2 is
  • each R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 independently, is H, an alkyl group (which may be straight chain or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., C 1 -C 8 alkyl, such as methyl), or an aryl group (e.g., having one or more rings and which may be substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., phenyl, naphthyl, imidazolyl, or pyridyl).
  • an alkyl group which may be straight chain or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., C 1 -C 8 alkyl, such as methyl
  • an aryl group e.g., having one or more rings and which may be substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., phenyl, naphthyl, imidazolyl, or pyridyl.
  • the polymer is crosslinked by means of a multifunctional crosslinking co-monomer, the co-monomer being present in an amount from about 0.5-25% (more preferably about 2.5-20% (or about 1-10%)) by weight, based upon total monomer weight.
  • the compositions are non-toxic and stable when ingested in therapeutically effective amounts. The preparation of these compounds is described in International Patent Application WO94/27620 (Geltex Pharmaceuticals Inc.).
  • bile acid sequestrants also refer to compounds obtainable by molecular imprinting.
  • Molecular imprinting is based on template polymerization in which polymers are prepared in the presence of a template mol. to be imprinted. Resultant polymers record the shapes and chemical properties of the templates in their matrixes and exhibit specific binding characteristics to the template molecule.
  • the most significant advantage of this technique is to provide a simple procedure for the preparation of synthetic polymers capable of molecular recognition: complementary sites for the target molecules which are expected to be specific binding sites can be constructed with the aid of molecular self-assembling and no complicated synthesis is necessary.
  • Molecular imprinted polymers have been described and the effectiveness of molecular imprinted polymers have been demonstrated [Ansell et al., Curr.
  • Imprinted polymers have been used for the chromatographic separation of amino acids, sugars, drugs and nucleotides. Drugs have been measured using imprinted polymers as antibody substitutes in radioligand binding assays [Sheaet al., Trends Polym. Sci. , 2(5): 166-173 (1994)]; [Takeuchi et al., Chromatography , 18(2): 102-103 (1997)]; [Nicholls, J., Molecular Recognition , 11 (1-6): 79-82 (1988)].
  • the term “bile acid sequestrants” also comprises pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds.
  • the invention refers to compositions or combinations wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam, colestimide, sevelamer, cellulose and dextran derivatives, starch and starch derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam, colestimide, sevelamer, cellulose and dextran derivatives, starch and starch derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • Cholestyramine (Quantalan®, Bristol-Myers Squibb) is a known compound and described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,902,501 and the references cited therein. It is a strong cationic resin containing quaternary ammonium functional groups bonded to a polymeric styrene-divinylbenzene structure:
  • Colestipol (Cholestabyl®, Pharmacia & Upjohn) is a known compound and described for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,692,895, 3,803,237, and 5,807,582 and the references cited therein. It is a basic anion exchange resin described as a high molecular weight copolymer of diethylenetriamine and 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane (epichlorohydrin), with approximately one out of 5 amine nitrogens protonated, i.e. it is a copolymer of diethylenetriamine and epichlorohydrin with about 1 out of 5 amine nitrogens protonated:
  • Colestipol hydrochloride is commercially available in granule form as Colestid® Granules. See Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) 42nd Ed., p. 2119 (1988). Colestid® Granules are marketed as a hyperlipidemia agent for oral use. Colestipol binds bile acids in the intestine forming a complex that is excreted in the faeces. This nonsystemic action results in a partial removal of the bile acids from the enterohepatic circulation, preventing their reabsorption.
  • Colesevelam and colesevelam hydrochloride are cholesterol-lowering agents [ Polym. Prepr ., 41: 735-736 (2000)].
  • Colesevelam is a polyamine-copolymer of the three amines mentioned below, which are cross-linked with epichlorhydrine.
  • Sevelamer and its hydrochloride (Renagel®, GelTex) is a polymeric phosphate binder intended for oral administration.
  • Sevelamer hydrochloride is poly(allylamine hydrochloride) crosslinked with epichlorohydrin in which forty percent of the amines are protonated:
  • Colestimide (Cholebine®; Mitsubishi-Tokoyo Pharmaceuticals) is a 2-methylimidazole polymer with 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane:
  • DEAE-Sephadex reduced serum sterols in normocholesterolemic cockerels and dogs, lowered serum phospholipids and triglycerides in cholesterol-fed hypercholesterolemic cockerels and in normocholesterolemic dogs, and increased fecal excretion of bile acids in hypercholesterolemic cockerels.
  • These insoluble cationic polymers evidently exert their hypocholesterolemic effects by interrupting the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids.
  • DEAE-celluloses are compounds wherein diethylaminoethyl-groups are covalently bound to the cellulose hydroxylic groups.
  • DEAE-celluloses are known substances and commercially available (e.g. Sigma-Aldrich).
  • Guanidinoethylcelluloses are compounds wherein guanidinoethyl-groups are covalently bound to the cellulose hydroxylic groups. Guanidinoethylcelluloses are known substances and commercially availalbe.
  • DEAE-Sephadex is a cross-linked dextran derivative wherein diethylaminoethyl-groups are covalently bound to dextran.
  • DEAE-Sephadex compositions are commercially availalbe (e.g. Pharmacia Fince Chemicals).
  • DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose and DEAE-Sephadex are especially useful as bile sequestrant agent, preferably DEAE-cellulose.
  • starch and derivatives thereof comprise compounds which are able to form inclusion complexes with free and conjugated bile salts and bile acids.
  • examples are ⁇ -, and ⁇ -cyclodextrin, which contain, respectively, seven, and eight anhydroglucose (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) units.
  • These molecules are doughnut-shaped rings having a hollow cavity of a specific volume. The polar hydroxyl groups are oriented to the outside of the rings, giving the outer surface a hydrophilic nature. In contrast, the internal cavity has a hydrophobic (lipophilic) nature.
  • cyclodextrins as the “host” molecules, are able to hold “guest” molecules of suitable size (generally of a molecular weight between 80 and 250), shape, and hydrophobicity within their cavity. (“Production and Potential Food Applications of Cyclodextrins” Food Technology, January 1988, pp. 96-100).
  • ⁇ -, and ⁇ -cyclodextrin are commercially available compounds (e.g. Sigma-Aldrich).
  • Other examples of starch and derivatives thereof are retrograded and/or degraded starch e.g. maltodextrin, hydrophobic starch, amylose, and starch derivatives, e.g.
  • starch-diethylaminoethylether, starch-2-hydroxyethylether and the like (“Lexikon der Hilfsstoffe für Pharmazie, Kosmetik und angrenzende füre”, H. P. Fiedler, Editio Cantor Aulendorf, Bd. 2., 3. Auflage, 1989, pp. 1147-1154).
  • starch derivatives are selected from the group consisting of consisting of ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclodextrin, retrograded and/or degraded starch, e.g.
  • maltodextrin hydrophobic starch, amylose, starch-diethylaminoethylether and starch-2-hydroxyethylether, preferably from ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclodextrin (Wacker Chemie; Gattfoseé).
  • the bile acid sequestrant is a cellulose or dextran derivative, e.g. DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex, preferably DEAE-cellulose.
  • the starch or starch derivative is selected from the group consisting of ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclodextrin, retrograded and/or degraded starch, hydrophobic starch, amylose, starch-diethylaminoethylether and starch-2-hydroxyethylether, preferably ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
  • the bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam, colestimide, sevelamer, cellulose, DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex, starch, ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclodextrin, preferably cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam, colestimide, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, and ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclodextrin, more preferably cholestyramine, colestipol, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, and ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclodextrin, most preferably cholestyramine, colestipol, and sevelamer.
  • the bile acid sequestrant is cholestyramine. In a further preferred embodiment, the bile acid sequestrant is colestipol. In a additional embodiment the bile acid sequestrant is sevelamer.
  • compositions incorporating both a compound of a lipase inhibitor and a bile acid sequestrant are important embodiments of the present invention.
  • Such pharmaceutical compositions comprise a therapeutically effective amount of each of the compounds.
  • Each dosage unit can obtain the daily doses of both compounds or may contain a fraction of the daily dose, such as one-third of the doses.
  • each dosage unit may contain the entire dose of one of the compounds, and a fraction of the dose of the other compound. In such case the patient would daily take one of the combination dosage units, and one or more units containing only the other compound.
  • compositions comprising a) about 5 to about 1000 mg lipase inhibitor and b) about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant.
  • the compositions may comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent or carrier.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient may be selected from the group consisting of fillers, e.g. sugars and/or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, maltodextrin, etc.; surfactants, e.g. sodium lauryle sulfate, Brij 96 or Tween 80; disintegrants, e.g.
  • sodium starch glycolate, maize starch or derivatives thereof e.g. povidone, crosspovidone, polyvinylalcohols, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose; lubricants, e.g. stearic acid or its salts; flowability enhancers, e.g. silicium dioxide; sweeteners, e.g. aspartame; and/or colorants, e.g. ⁇ -carotene.
  • binder e.g. povidone, crosspovidone, polyvinylalcohols, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
  • lubricants e.g. stearic acid or its salts
  • flowability enhancers e.g. silicium dioxide
  • sweeteners e.g. aspartame
  • colorants e.g. ⁇ -carotene.
  • a preferred composition may comprise a) about 5 to about 1000 mg lipase inhibitor; b) about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant; and optionally pharmaceutically acceptable excipients selected from the group of about 0.1 to about 10 g fillers, about 0.05 to about 3.0 g surfactant, about 0.05 to about 2.0 g disintegrant, about 0.02 to about 2.0 g binder, about 0.001 to about 1.0 g lubricant, about 0.1 to about 5.0 g flowability enhancer, about 0.01 to about 4.0 g sweetener, and about 0.001 to about 0.5 g colorant.
  • the preferred lipase inhibitor is orlistat.
  • the invention refers to pharmaceutical compositions comprising orlistat, a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent or carrier, preferably to compositions wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant is selected from as defined above.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient e.g. a diluent or carrier
  • the compositions containing both a lipase inhibitor, e.g. orlistat and a bile acid sequestrant as described above may comprise 5 to 1000 mg lipase inhibitor, preferably about 10 to about 500 mg lipase inhibitor, more preferably about 20 to about 100 mg lipase inhibitor, e.g. orlistat.
  • the preferred amounts for orlistat are about 10 to about 360 mg, preferably about 30 to about 120 mg and most preferably about 40 to about 80 mg.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions may contain about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant, preferably about 0.5 to about 10 g, and most preferably about 1 to about 5 g.
  • the invention also refers to a process for preparing a composition as described above, comprising mixing a lipase inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with a bile acid sequestrant or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent and/or carrier.
  • a lipase inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with a bile acid sequestrant or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent and/or carrier.
  • Oral dosage forms are the preferred compositions for use in the present invention and these are the known pharmaceutical forms for such administration, for example tablets, capsules, bars, sachets, granules, syrups and aqueous or oily suspensions.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients are known in the pharmacist's art. Tablets may be formed form a mixture of the active compounds with fillers, for example calcium phosphate; disintegrating agents, for example maize starch, lubricating agents, for example magnesium stearate; binders, for example microcrystalline cellulose or polyvinylpyrrolidone and other optional ingredients known in the art to permit tabletting the mixture by known methods.
  • capsules for example hard or soft gelatin capsules, containing the active compound with or without added excipients, may be prepared by known methods.
  • the contents of the capsule may be formulated using known methods so as to give sustained release of the active compound.
  • the tablets and capsules may conveniently each contain the amounts of lipase inhibitor and bile acid sequestrant as described above.
  • Other dosage forms for oral administration include, for example, aqueous suspensions containing the active compounds in an aqueous medium in the presence of a non-toxic suspending agent such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and oily suspensions containing the active compounds in a suitable vegetable oil, for example arachis oil.
  • the active compounds may be formulated into granules with or without additional excipients.
  • the granules may be ingested directly by the patient or they may be added to a suitable liquid carrier (e.g. water) before ingestion.
  • the granules may contain disintegrants, e.g. an effervescent pair formed from an acid and a carbonate or bicarbonate salt to facilitate dispersion in the liquid medium.
  • compositions of the present invention the active compounds may, if desired, be associated with other compatible pharmacologically active ingredients.
  • vitamin supplements may be administered with the compounds of the present invention.
  • Both compounds, the lipase inhibitor and the bile acid sequestrant may be administered simultaneously, separately or sequentially.
  • the compounds or compositions are administered during a meal or 1 to 2 hours before or after a meal.
  • the amount of bile acid sequestrant to be administered will depend on a number of factors including the age of the patient, the severity of the condition and the past medical history of the patient and lies within the discretion of the administering physician.
  • ⁇ - and ⁇ -cyclodextrin starch derivatives
  • cholestyramine cholestyramine
  • colestipol amine containing polymer
  • diethylaminoethylcellulose cellulose or dextran derivative
  • the invention also provides the use of the above combination of compounds in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and prevention of obesity. Additionally, it provides the combination and above compositions for use in the treatment and prevention of obesity.
  • the invention also refers to a kit for treatment of obesity, said kit comprising a first component which is a lipase inhibitor and b) a second component which is a bile acid sequestrant e.g. in an oral unit dosage forms, preferably comprising a) from 1 to 100 doses units of orlistat and b) from 1 to 100 doses units of a bile acid sequestrant.
  • the present invention refers to the use of a composition as described above in the manufacture of medicaments useful for the treatment and prevention of obesity, e.g. the use of a lipase inhibitor in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and prevention of obesity in a patient who is also receiving treatment with a bile acid sequestrant or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the present invention refers to a method of treatment of obesity in a human in need of such treatment which comprises administration to the human of a therapeutically effective amount of a lipase inhibitor and a therapeutically effective amount of a bile acid sequestrant. Both compounds, the lipase inhibitor and the bile acid sequestrant may be administered simultaneously, separately or sequentially.
  • the present invention also relates to a lipase inhibitor and a bile acid sequestrant as defined above for the simultaneous, separate or sequential use for the treatment and prevention of obesity and to a combined preparation for simultaneous, separate or sequential use for the treatment and prevention of obesity.
  • the invention also refers to the use of a bile acid sequestrant as defined above in the manufacture of medicaments useful for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal side effects selected from the group of oily spotting, fatty/oily stools, fecal urgency, increased defecation and fecal incontinence. Further, the invention also refers to a method of treatment or prevention of gastrointestinal side effects selected from the group of oily spotting, fatty/oily stools, fecal urgency, increased defecation and fecal incontinence in a human in need of such treatment which comprises administration to the human of a therapeutically effective amount of of a bile salt sequestrant as defined above.
  • Orlistat Pharmaceutical Compositions A) Quantity Ingredient mg/Capsule orlistat 120.00 microcrystalline cellulose (AVICEL PH-101) 93.60 sodium starch glycolate (PRIMOJEL) 7.20 sodium lauryl sulfate 7.20 polyvinylpyrrolidone (Povidone (K-30)) 12.00 purified Water* — talc 0.24 Total 240.24 mg
  • Blend orlistat, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate in a suitable mixer Blend orlistat, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate in a suitable mixer.
  • Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions Quantity Ingredient mg/Capsule cholestyramine 4 g silicium Dioxide 0.495 g aspartame 0.05 g ⁇ -carotene 0.001 g purified water* — Total 4.5 g
  • Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions Quantity Ingredient mg/Capsule cholestyramine 4 g silicium dioxide 0.5 g saccharose 3 g ⁇ -carotene 0.001 g purified water* — total 7.5 g
  • Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions Quantity Ingredient mg/Capsule cholestyramine 4 g aspartame 0.5 g ⁇ -carotene 0.001 g purified water* — Total 4.05 g
  • Orlistat/Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions Quantity Ingredient mg/Capsule orlistat 120 mg maltodextrinum 740 mg cholestyramine 4000 mg aspartame 440 mg purified water* — total 5.3 g
  • Orlistat/Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions Quantity Ingredient mg/Capsule orlistat 120 mg microcrystalline cellulose 240 mg sodium starch glycolate 60 mg sodium lauryl sulfate 30 mg crospovidone 50 mg cholestyramine 4000 mg aspartame 200 mg purified water* — total 5.2 g
  • Orlistat/Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions Quantity Ingredient mg/Capsule orlistat 120 mg maltodextrinum 740 mg colestipol 4000 mg aspartame 440 mg purified water* — total 5.3 g
  • Orlistat/Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions Quantity Ingredient mg/Capsule orlistat 120 mg microcrystalline cellulose 240 mg sodium starch glycolate 60 mg sodium lauryl sulfate 30 mg crospovidone 50 mg colestipol 4000 mg aspartame 200 mg purified water* — total 5.2 g

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Diabetes (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Obesity (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Communicable Diseases (AREA)
  • AIDS & HIV (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Abstract

A pharmaceutical combination or composition containing a lipase inhibitor, preferably orlistat, and a bile acid sequestrant is useful for treating obesity.

Description

  • This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/912,957, filed Jul. 25, 2001, currently pending.[0001]
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field [0002]
  • The present invention relates to pharmaceutical combinations, compositions and methods for treating obesity. [0003]
  • 2. Description [0004]
  • Bile acids are synthesized in the liver and enter the bile as glycine and taurine conjugates. They are released in salt form in bile during digestion and act as detergents to solubilize and consequently aid in digestion of dietary fats. Following digestion, bile acid salts are mostly reabsorbed in the ileum, complexed with proteins, and returned to the liver through the hepatic portal vein. The small amount of bile acid salts which are not reabsorbed by active transport are excreted via the distal ileum and large intestine as a portion of fecal material. Reducing reabsorption of bile acids within the intestinal tract can lower levels of bile acid circulating in the enterohepatic system thereby potentially reducing emulsification in the upper intestinal tract of dietary fat and reducing intestinal absorption of fat soluble drugs. One method of reducing the amount of bile acids that are reabsorbed, is oral administration of compounds that sequester the bile acids within the intestinal tract and cannot themselves be absorbed. [0005]
  • Orlistat (also known as tetrahydrolipstatin and sold under the brand name XENICAL®) is a potent inhibitor of gastrointestinal lipases, i.e. lipases that are responsible for breaking down ingested fat (gastric lipase, carboxylester lipase, pancreatic lipase). As a consequence of this, unabsorbed fat is excreted in the feces. Pancreatic lipase is the key enzyme for the hydrolysis of dietary triglycerides. Triglycerides that have escaped hydrolysis are not absorbed in the intestine. Pharmacological studies with human patients demonstrate potent inhibition of fat absorption and medically relevant reduction of body weight was achieved using lipase inhibitors. However, in a subgroup of the patients, unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects such as oily spotting, fatty/oily stools, fecal urgency, increased defecation and fecal incontinence are observed. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for lipase inhibiting compositions that minimize or suppress the side effects caused by inhibitors of digestive lipases. [0006]
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The subject invention provides a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a lipase inhibitor and a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant. [0007]
  • Preferrably, the composition further comprises one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, the lipase inhibitor is orlistat, and the pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam, colestimide, sevelamer, cellulose derivatives, dextran derivatives, starch, starch derivatives, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Especially preferred bile acid sequestrants are cellulose derivatives and dextran derivatives, such as DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose, or DEAE-Sephadex. Favorable starches or starch derivatives are β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin, retrograded starch, degraded starch, a combination of retrograded and degraded starch, hydrophobic starch, amylose, starch-diethylaminoethylether, and starch-2-hydroxyethylether. [0008]
  • Useful pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include fillers, surfactants, disintegrants, binders, lubricants, flowability enhancers, sweeteners, and colorants. A desirable composition comprises (a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of a lipase inhibitor and (b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g of a bile acid sequestrant and favorably contains (a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of a lipase inhibitor; (b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant; (c) from about 0.1 to about 10 g of a filler; (d) from about 0.05 to about 3.0 g of a surfactant; (e) from about 0.05 to about 2.0 g of a disintegrant; (f) from about 0.02 to about 2.0 g of a binder; (g) from about 0.001 to about 1.0 g of a lubricant; (h) from about 0.1 to about 5.0 g of a flowability enhancer; (i) from about 0.01 to about 4.0 g of a sweetener; and (j) and about 0.001 to about 0.5 g of a colorant. [0009]
  • Preferred amounts of lipase inhibitor include from about 10 to about 500 mg, e.g. 120 mg, and 20 to about 100 mg, e.g. about 60 mg. Preferred amount of bile acid sequestrant are from about 0.5 to about 10 g and from about 1 to about 5 g. [0010]
  • Another aspect of the subject invention is a kit for use in the treatment of obesity, which comprises (a) a first component which is a lipase inhibitor and (b) a second component which is a bile acid sequestrant, present in oral unit dosage form. [0011]
  • A method of treating obesity in an obese patient is also provided. This method comprises administering to a patient in need of such treatment (a) a therapeutically effective amount of a lipase inhibitor and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant in an amount effective to reduce gastrointestinal side effects associated with the lipase inhibitor. The lipase inhibitor and bile acid sequestrant can be administered simultaneously, separately, and/or sequentially. [0012]
  • Further, the subject invention provides a method of reducing the gastrointestinal side effects associated with the lipase inhibitor treatment. This method comprises administering to a patient being treated with a lipase inhibitor an amount of a bile salt sequestrant effective to reduce the side effects associated with the lipase inhibitor treatment. [0013]
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • The subject invention will now be described in terms of its preferred embodiments. These embodiments are set forth to aid in understanding the invention but are not to be construed as limiting. [0014]
  • The invention relates to a combination or composition comprising a lipase inhibitor, preferably a compound of formula I (orlistat), [0015]
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00001
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant and optionally one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient(s), e.g. a diluent or carrier. The present invention provides pharmaceutical combinations and compositions which are able to minimize or suppress the above mentioned side effects caused by inhibitors of digestive lipases. These compositions or combinations comprise a lipase inhibitor, preferably orlistat, a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant, optionally in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent or carrier. The invention comprises also a method of treatment of obesity and associated comorbidities and other diseases treatable by lipase inhibitors which comprises administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a lipase inhibitor, preferably orlistat, and a therapeutically effective amount of a bile acid sequestrant. [0016]
  • It has been surprisingly found that pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrants, when ingested together with a lipase inhibitor, are able to suppress unpleasant gastrointestinal events. The reduction of unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects can improve the quality of life in sensitive patients during treatment with a lipase inhibitor and may further enhance compliance of the patients with drug intake and thus enhance the therapeutic benefit. [0017]
  • In more detail, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition or combination comprising a lipase inhibitor, preferably a compound of formula I (orlistat) and a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant, optionally in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent or carrier. The pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant may be selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, diethylaminoethylcellulose (DEAE-cellulose), and starch derivatives like β-cyclodextrin and γ-cyclodextrin, more preferably from cholestyramine, colestipol, diethylaminoethylcellulose, β-cyclodextrin, and γ-cyclodextrin, and even more preferably from cholestyramine and colestipol, and most preferably the bile acid sequestrant is cholestyramine. The invention also provides the use of the above combination of compounds in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and prevention of obesity. Additionally, it provides the combination for use in the treatment and prevention of obesity. [0018]
  • Unless otherwise indicated the following definitions are set forth to illustrate and define the meaning and scope of the various terms used to describe the invention herein. [0019]
  • The term “pharmaceutically acceptable” as used herein means that the corresponding compounds are acceptable from a toxicity viewpoint. [0020]
  • The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” as used herein means salts of lipase inhibitors or bile acid sequestrants with inorganic or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid, formic acid, maleic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, methanesulphonic acid, p-toluenesulphonic acid and the like, which are non-toxic to living organisms. In the case of bile acid sequestrants having quaternary ammonium groups pharmaceutically acceptable salts mean correspondingly chlorides, bromides, sulphates, phosphates, citrates, formiates, maleates, acetates, succinates, tartrates, methanesulphonates, p-toluenesulphonates and the like. [0021]
  • The term “lipase inhibitor” refers to compounds which are capable of inhibiting the action of lipases, for example gastric and pancreatic lipases. For example orlistat and lipstatin as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,089 are potent inhibitor of lipases. Lipstatin is a natural product of microbial origin, and orlistat is the result of a hydrogenation of lipstatin. (All U.S. Patents mentioned herein are expressly incorporated by reference.) Other lipase inhibitors include a class of compound commonly referred to as panclicins. Panclicins are analogues of orlistat (Mutoh et al, 1994). The term “lipase inhibitor” refers also to polymer bound lipase inhibitors for example described in International Patent Application WO99/34786 (Geltex Pharmaceuticals Inc.). These polymers are characterized in that they have been substituted with one or more groups that inhibit lipases. The term “lipase inhibitor” also encompasses pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds. The term “lipase inhibitor” also refers to 2-oxy-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones which have been described in International Patent Application WO 00/40569 (Alizyme Therapeutics Ltd.), e.g. 2-decyloxy-6-methyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 6-methyl-2-tetradecyloxy-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, and 2-hexadecyloxy-6-methyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one. Most preferably, the term “lipase inhibitor” refers to orlistat. [0022]
  • Orlistat is a known compound useful for the control or prevention of obesity and hyperlipidemia. See, U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,089, issued Jul. 1, 1986, which also discloses processes for making orlistat and U.S. Pat. No. 6,004,996, which discloses appropriate pharmaceutical compositions. Further suitable pharmaceutical compositions are described for example in International Patent Applications WO 00/09122 and WO 00/09123. Additional processes for the preparation of orlistat are disclosed in European Patent Applications Publication Nos. 185,359, 189,577, 443,449, and 524,495. [0023]
  • Orlistat is preferably orally administered from 60 to 720 mg per day in divided doses two to three times per day. Preferred is wherein from 180 to 360 mg, most preferably 360 mg per day of a lipase inhibitor is administered to a subject, preferably in divided doses two or, particularly, three times per day. The subject is preferably an obese or overweight human, i.e. a human with a body mass index of 25 or greater. Generally, it is preferred that the lipase inhibitor be administered within about one or two hours of ingestion of a meal containing fat. Generally, for administering a lipase inhibitor as defined above it is preferred that treatment be administered to a human who has a strong family history of obesity and has obtained a body mass index of 25 or greater. [0024]
  • Orlistat can be administered to humans in conventional oral compositions, such as tablets, coated tablets, hard and soft gelatin capsules, emulsions or suspensions. Examples of carriers which can be used for tablets, coated tablets, dragees and hard gelatin capsules are lactose, other sugars and sugar alcohols like sorbitol, mannitol, maltodextrin, or other fillers; surfactants like sodium lauryle sulfate, Brij 96, or Tween 80; disintegrants like sodium starch glycolate, maize starch or derivatives thereof; polymers like povidone, crospovidone; talc; stearic acid or its salts and the like. Suitable carriers for soft gelatin capsules are, for example, vegetable oils, waxes, fats, semi-solid and liquid polyols and the like. Moreover, the pharmaceutical preparations can contain preserving agents, solubilizers, stabilizing agents, wetting agents, emulsifying agents, sweetening agents, coloring agents, flavoring agents, salts for varying the osmotic pressure, buffers, coating agents and antioxidants. They can also contain still other therapeutically valuable substances. The formulations may conveniently be presented in unit dosage form and may be prepared by any methods known in the pharmaceutical art. Preferably, orlistat is administered according to the formulation shown in the Examples and in U.S. Pat. No. 6,004,996, respectively. [0025]
  • The term “bile acid sequestrant” refers to compound classes which are able to bind bile acids or bile acid salts by various principles, e.g. anion exchanging polymers containing amino groups, quaternary ammonium groups, etc. (amine containing polymers). In more detail the term refers to oligomers or polymers of different architecture (graft-, block-, multiblock-, homo-, copolymers), dendrimers, or hyperbranched structures containing either quaternary ammonium groups, substituted or unsubstituted pyridinium groups, substituted or unsubstituted primary, secondary, or tertiary alkyl- or arylamine groups, or any statistical or non-statistical combination thereof, which are capable of forming complexes with physiologically active bile acids and/or bile salts through non-covalent Van der Waals, hydrophobic and/or ionic interactions. For example, these structures can include, e.g., poly(amino acids) such as poly(lysine), poly(lactic acid-co-lysine) (PLAL), poly(vinyl amine), poly(allyl amine), poly(N-alkylvinyl amine), poly(N,N-dialkyl amine), poly(N-alkylallyl amine), poly(ethylene imine) and other mono- or disubstituted poly(amine)s. Further polymers include poly(vinyl pyridinyl), poly(amide enamines), PAMAM dendrimers, polymers containing azo-groups, poly(dialkyl siloxane)s, poly(phosphazene)s, poly(acrylate)s, poly(methacrylate)s, poly(styrene), poly(amides), poly(ethers), poly(esters). Suitable side-chains can include cationic or neutral groups, substituted and unsubstituted alkyl or aryl groups, saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups, amino acids or functional groups such as amine or ammonium moieties, for example (Uhrich et. al., Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 3181-3198). In addition, naturally occurring and subsequently synthetically modified polymers such as poly(amino saccharide)s (chitosan) or cellulose derivatives (e.g. diethylaminoethylcellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose) are also of particular interest. A further important class of bile acid sequestrants are compounds capable of forming host-guest inclusion complexes, such as β and γ-cyclodextrines. [0026]
  • Bile acid sequestrants and methods for their preparation have been described for example in International Patent Applications WO 95/34585 (Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; relating to polyamine salt hydrophobic sequestrants), WO94/27620 (Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; relating to the preparation of polymeric sequestrants for bile acids), and WO94/04596 (DuPont; relating to crosslinked polymeric ammonium salts). [0027]
  • For example, amine containing polymers, as defined herein, may comprise the compounds described in International Patent Application WO 94/27620. The polymers are characterized by a repeat unit having the formula [0028]
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00002
  • or copolymer thereof, where n is an integer; R[0029] 1 is H or an alkyl group (which may be straight chain or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., a C1-C8 alkyl, such as methyl); M is —C(O)— R2 or —Z—R2; Z is O, NR3, S, or (CH2)m; m=0-10; R3 is H or an alkyl group (which may be straight chain or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., C1-C8 alkyl, such as methyl); and R2 is
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00003
  • where p=0-10, and each R[0030]   4, R5, and R6, independently, is H, an alkyl group (which may be straight chain or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., C1-C8 alkyl, such as methyl), or an aryl group (e.g., having one or more rings and which may be substituted or unsubstituted, e.g., phenyl, naphthyl, imidazolyl, or pyridyl). In preferred embodiments, the polymer is crosslinked by means of a multifunctional crosslinking co-monomer, the co-monomer being present in an amount from about 0.5-25% (more preferably about 2.5-20% (or about 1-10%)) by weight, based upon total monomer weight. The compositions are non-toxic and stable when ingested in therapeutically effective amounts. The preparation of these compounds is described in International Patent Application WO94/27620 (Geltex Pharmaceuticals Inc.).
  • The term “bile acid sequestrants” also refer to compounds obtainable by molecular imprinting. Molecular imprinting is based on template polymerization in which polymers are prepared in the presence of a template mol. to be imprinted. Resultant polymers record the shapes and chemical properties of the templates in their matrixes and exhibit specific binding characteristics to the template molecule. The most significant advantage of this technique is to provide a simple procedure for the preparation of synthetic polymers capable of molecular recognition: complementary sites for the target molecules which are expected to be specific binding sites can be constructed with the aid of molecular self-assembling and no complicated synthesis is necessary. Molecular imprinted polymers have been described and the effectiveness of molecular imprinted polymers have been demonstrated [Ansell et al., [0031] Curr. Opin. Biotechnol, 7(1): 89-94 (1996)]. Imprinted polymers have been used for the chromatographic separation of amino acids, sugars, drugs and nucleotides. Drugs have been measured using imprinted polymers as antibody substitutes in radioligand binding assays [Sheaet al., Trends Polym. Sci., 2(5): 166-173 (1994)]; [Takeuchi et al., Chromatography, 18(2): 102-103 (1997)]; [Nicholls, J., Molecular Recognition, 11 (1-6): 79-82 (1988)]. The term “bile acid sequestrants” also comprises pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds.
  • More preferably the invention refers to compositions or combinations wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam, colestimide, sevelamer, cellulose and dextran derivatives, starch and starch derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. [0032]
  • Cholestyramine (Quantalan®, Bristol-Myers Squibb) is a known compound and described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,902,501 and the references cited therein. It is a strong cationic resin containing quaternary ammonium functional groups bonded to a polymeric styrene-divinylbenzene structure: [0033]
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00004
  • It was introduced in the therapy in 1959 and is prevailingly used in the management of the hypercholesterolemic states. The therapeutical activity of colestyramine is correlated to the capability of that resin of sequestering the biliary acids of the intestine, increasing up to 7-8 times the faecal elimination thereof. The use of cholestyramine resin as adjunctive therapy to diet in the management of patients with elevated cholesterol levels is noted in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15th Ed. Mack Publishing Co. (1975) pp 733-734. Methods for the preparation of cholestyramine and appropriate compositions are known in the art (e.g. DE-A-38 08 191, EP-A-347 014, U.S. Pat. No. 5,695,749, U.S. Pat. No. 4,172,120 and EP-A-492 235). [0034]
  • Colestipol (Cholestabyl®, Pharmacia & Upjohn) is a known compound and described for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,692,895, 3,803,237, and 5,807,582 and the references cited therein. It is a basic anion exchange resin described as a high molecular weight copolymer of diethylenetriamine and 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane (epichlorohydrin), with approximately one out of 5 amine nitrogens protonated, i.e. it is a copolymer of diethylenetriamine and epichlorohydrin with about 1 out of 5 amine nitrogens protonated: [0035]
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00005
  • It is a light yellow resin which is hygroscopic and swells when placed in water or aqueous fluids. See Merck Index (Tenth Edition) #2440, page 2438. Colestipol hydrochloride is commercially available in granule form as Colestid® Granules. See Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) 42nd Ed., p. 2119 (1988). Colestid® Granules are marketed as a hyperlipidemia agent for oral use. Colestipol binds bile acids in the intestine forming a complex that is excreted in the faeces. This nonsystemic action results in a partial removal of the bile acids from the enterohepatic circulation, preventing their reabsorption. [0036]
  • Colesevelam and colesevelam hydrochloride (Cholestagel® or WelChol®) are cholesterol-lowering agents [[0037] Polym. Prepr., 41: 735-736 (2000)]. Colesevelam is a polyamine-copolymer of the three amines mentioned below, which are cross-linked with epichlorhydrine. Other names are 1-hexanaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-6-(2-propenylamino)-, chloride, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane, 2-propen-1-amine and N-2-propenyl-1-decanamine, hydrochloride (9CI); or 1-Decanamine, N-2-propenyl-, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane, 2-propen-1-amine and N,N,N-trimethyl-6-(2-propenylamino)-1-hexanaminium chloride, hydrochloride (9CI); 2-Propen-1-amine, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane, N-2-propenyl-1-decanamine and N,N,N-trimethyl-6-(2-propenylamino)-1-hexanaminium chloride, hydrochloride (9CI); Oxirane, (chloromethyl)-, polymer with 2-propen-1-amine, N-2-propenyl-1-decanamine and N,N,N-trimethyl-6-(2-propenylamino)-1-hexanaminium chloride, hydrochloride (9CI); Cholestagel; Colesevelam hydrochloride; GT 31-104; or GT 31-104HB (see also Holmes-Farley, S. et al., Polym. Prepr. (Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Polym. Chem.), 41(1): 735-736 (2000)]. The three relevant amines have the formula
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00006
  • Epichlorohydrine has the following formula [0038]
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00007
  • Colesevelam and colesevelam hydrochloride have been described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,607,669, 5,624,963, 5,679,717, 5,693,675, 5,917,007, and 5,919,832: [0039]
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00008
  • Sevelamer and its hydrochloride (Renagel®, GelTex) is a polymeric phosphate binder intended for oral administration. Sevelamer hydrochloride is poly(allylamine hydrochloride) crosslinked with epichlorohydrin in which forty percent of the amines are protonated: [0040]
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00009
  • It is known chemically as poly(allylamine-co-N,N′-diallyl-1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane) hydrochloride. Sevelamer hydrochloride is hydrophilic, but insoluble in water. The compound, its preparation and use has been described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,496,545 and 5,667,775 and in International Patent Application WO95/05184. [0041]
  • Colestimide (Cholebine®; Mitsubishi-Tokoyo Pharmaceuticals) is a 2-methylimidazole polymer with 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane: [0042]
    Figure US20040105838A1-20040603-C00010
  • The binding of bile acids has been described e.g. in Mitsuka et al., [0043] Japanese Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 24(Suppl. 4): 103 (1996), Mitsuka et al., Japanese Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 24(Suppl. 4): 111 (1996) and Mitsuka et al., Japanese Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 24(Suppl. 4): 127 (1996).
  • Various cellulose and dextran anion exchangers bind bile acids in vitro under conditions of pH and ionic strength resembling those in the lumen of the small intestine [Parkinson, Thomas M., [0044] J. Lipid Res., 8(1): 24-29 (1967)]; [Nichifor et al., Pharma Sci., 4(6): 447-452 (1994)]. Of these substances, DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex reduce hypercholesterolemia when added to the diet of cholesterol-fed cockerels. In addition, DEAE-Sephadex reduced serum sterols in normocholesterolemic cockerels and dogs, lowered serum phospholipids and triglycerides in cholesterol-fed hypercholesterolemic cockerels and in normocholesterolemic dogs, and increased fecal excretion of bile acids in hypercholesterolemic cockerels. These insoluble cationic polymers evidently exert their hypocholesterolemic effects by interrupting the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. DEAE-celulloses are compounds wherein diethylaminoethyl-groups are covalently bound to the cellulose hydroxylic groups. DEAE-celluloses are known substances and commercially available (e.g. Sigma-Aldrich). Guanidinoethylcelluloses are compounds wherein guanidinoethyl-groups are covalently bound to the cellulose hydroxylic groups. Guanidinoethylcelluloses are known substances and commercially availalbe. DEAE-Sephadex is a cross-linked dextran derivative wherein diethylaminoethyl-groups are covalently bound to dextran. DEAE-Sephadex compositions are commercially availalbe (e.g. Pharmacia Fince Chemicals). DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose and DEAE-Sephadex are especially useful as bile sequestrant agent, preferably DEAE-cellulose.
  • The term “starch and derivatives thereof” comprise compounds which are able to form inclusion complexes with free and conjugated bile salts and bile acids. Examples are β-, and γ-cyclodextrin, which contain, respectively, seven, and eight anhydroglucose (C[0045] 6H10O5) units. These molecules are doughnut-shaped rings having a hollow cavity of a specific volume. The polar hydroxyl groups are oriented to the outside of the rings, giving the outer surface a hydrophilic nature. In contrast, the internal cavity has a hydrophobic (lipophilic) nature. Because of this unique structure, cyclodextrins, as the “host” molecules, are able to hold “guest” molecules of suitable size (generally of a molecular weight between 80 and 250), shape, and hydrophobicity within their cavity. (“Production and Potential Food Applications of Cyclodextrins” Food Technology, January 1988, pp. 96-100). β-, and γ-cyclodextrin are commercially available compounds (e.g. Sigma-Aldrich). Other examples of starch and derivatives thereof are retrograded and/or degraded starch e.g. maltodextrin, hydrophobic starch, amylose, and starch derivatives, e.g. starch-diethylaminoethylether, starch-2-hydroxyethylether and the like (“Lexikon der Hilfsstoffe für Pharmazie, Kosmetik und angrenzende Gebiete”, H. P. Fiedler, Editio Cantor Aulendorf, Bd. 2., 3. Auflage, 1989, pp. 1147-1154). Preferably starch derivatives are selected from the group consisting of consisting of β- or γ-cyclodextrin, retrograded and/or degraded starch, e.g. maltodextrin, hydrophobic starch, amylose, starch-diethylaminoethylether and starch-2-hydroxyethylether, preferably from β- or γ-cyclodextrin (Wacker Chemie; Gattfoseé).
  • In a preferred embodiment the bile acid sequestrant is a cellulose or dextran derivative, e.g. DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex, preferably DEAE-cellulose. [0046]
  • In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the starch or starch derivative is selected from the group consisting of β- or γ-cyclodextrin, retrograded and/or degraded starch, hydrophobic starch, amylose, starch-diethylaminoethylether and starch-2-hydroxyethylether, preferably β- or γ-cyclodextrin. [0047]
  • In a further embodiment of the present invention, the bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam, colestimide, sevelamer, cellulose, DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex, starch, β- or γ-cyclodextrin, preferably cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam, colestimide, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, and β- or γ-cyclodextrin, more preferably cholestyramine, colestipol, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, and β- or γ-cyclodextrin, most preferably cholestyramine, colestipol, and sevelamer. [0048]
  • In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bile acid sequestrant is cholestyramine. In a further preferred embodiment, the bile acid sequestrant is colestipol. In a additional embodiment the bile acid sequestrant is sevelamer. [0049]
  • Pharmaceutical compositions incorporating both a compound of a lipase inhibitor and a bile acid sequestrant are important embodiments of the present invention. Such pharmaceutical compositions comprise a therapeutically effective amount of each of the compounds. Each dosage unit can obtain the daily doses of both compounds or may contain a fraction of the daily dose, such as one-third of the doses. Alternatively, each dosage unit may contain the entire dose of one of the compounds, and a fraction of the dose of the other compound. In such case the patient would daily take one of the combination dosage units, and one or more units containing only the other compound. [0050]
  • Particularly, the above composition refer to compositions comprising a) about 5 to about 1000 mg lipase inhibitor and b) about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant. The compositions may comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent or carrier. The pharmaceutically acceptable excipient may be selected from the group consisting of fillers, e.g. sugars and/or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, maltodextrin, etc.; surfactants, e.g. sodium lauryle sulfate, Brij 96 or Tween 80; disintegrants, e.g. sodium starch glycolate, maize starch or derivatives thereof; binder, e.g. povidone, crosspovidone, polyvinylalcohols, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose; lubricants, e.g. stearic acid or its salts; flowability enhancers, e.g. silicium dioxide; sweeteners, e.g. aspartame; and/or colorants, e.g. β-carotene. [0051]
  • A preferred composition may comprise a) about 5 to about 1000 mg lipase inhibitor; b) about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant; and optionally pharmaceutically acceptable excipients selected from the group of about 0.1 to about 10 g fillers, about 0.05 to about 3.0 g surfactant, about 0.05 to about 2.0 g disintegrant, about 0.02 to about 2.0 g binder, about 0.001 to about 1.0 g lubricant, about 0.1 to about 5.0 g flowability enhancer, about 0.01 to about 4.0 g sweetener, and about 0.001 to about 0.5 g colorant. The preferred lipase inhibitor is orlistat. [0052]
  • In particular, the invention refers to pharmaceutical compositions comprising orlistat, a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent or carrier, preferably to compositions wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant is selected from as defined above. More preferably the compositions containing both a lipase inhibitor, e.g. orlistat and a bile acid sequestrant as described above may comprise 5 to 1000 mg lipase inhibitor, preferably about 10 to about 500 mg lipase inhibitor, more preferably about 20 to about 100 mg lipase inhibitor, e.g. orlistat. The preferred amounts for orlistat are about 10 to about 360 mg, preferably about 30 to about 120 mg and most preferably about 40 to about 80 mg. [0053]
  • The pharmaceutical compositions may contain about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant, preferably about 0.5 to about 10 g, and most preferably about 1 to about 5 g. [0054]
  • The invention also refers to a process for preparing a composition as described above, comprising mixing a lipase inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with a bile acid sequestrant or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, e.g. a diluent and/or carrier. [0055]
  • Oral dosage forms are the preferred compositions for use in the present invention and these are the known pharmaceutical forms for such administration, for example tablets, capsules, bars, sachets, granules, syrups and aqueous or oily suspensions. The pharmaceutically acceptable excipients (diluents and carriers) are known in the pharmacist's art. Tablets may be formed form a mixture of the active compounds with fillers, for example calcium phosphate; disintegrating agents, for example maize starch, lubricating agents, for example magnesium stearate; binders, for example microcrystalline cellulose or polyvinylpyrrolidone and other optional ingredients known in the art to permit tabletting the mixture by known methods. Similarly, capsules, for example hard or soft gelatin capsules, containing the active compound with or without added excipients, may be prepared by known methods. The contents of the capsule may be formulated using known methods so as to give sustained release of the active compound. For example, the tablets and capsules may conveniently each contain the amounts of lipase inhibitor and bile acid sequestrant as described above. [0056]
  • Other dosage forms for oral administration include, for example, aqueous suspensions containing the active compounds in an aqueous medium in the presence of a non-toxic suspending agent such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and oily suspensions containing the active compounds in a suitable vegetable oil, for example arachis oil. The active compounds may be formulated into granules with or without additional excipients. The granules may be ingested directly by the patient or they may be added to a suitable liquid carrier (e.g. water) before ingestion. The granules may contain disintegrants, e.g. an effervescent pair formed from an acid and a carbonate or bicarbonate salt to facilitate dispersion in the liquid medium. [0057]
  • In the compositions of the present invention the active compounds may, if desired, be associated with other compatible pharmacologically active ingredients. Optionally vitamin supplements may be administered with the compounds of the present invention. [0058]
  • Both compounds, the lipase inhibitor and the bile acid sequestrant may be administered simultaneously, separately or sequentially. Preferably, the compounds or compositions are administered during a meal or 1 to 2 hours before or after a meal. The amount of bile acid sequestrant to be administered will depend on a number of factors including the age of the patient, the severity of the condition and the past medical history of the patient and lies within the discretion of the administering physician. For example, β- and γ-cyclodextrin (starch derivatives), cholestyramine, colestipol (amine containing polymer) and diethylaminoethylcellulose (cellulose or dextran derivative) could be administered 0.1-20 g per day, preferably 1-10 g per day, starch, amylose and other bile acid sequestrants described above 1-20 g per day. [0059]
  • The invention also provides the use of the above combination of compounds in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and prevention of obesity. Additionally, it provides the combination and above compositions for use in the treatment and prevention of obesity. [0060]
  • The invention also refers to a kit for treatment of obesity, said kit comprising a first component which is a lipase inhibitor and b) a second component which is a bile acid sequestrant e.g. in an oral unit dosage forms, preferably comprising a) from 1 to 100 doses units of orlistat and b) from 1 to 100 doses units of a bile acid sequestrant. [0061]
  • Further, the present invention refers to the use of a composition as described above in the manufacture of medicaments useful for the treatment and prevention of obesity, e.g. the use of a lipase inhibitor in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and prevention of obesity in a patient who is also receiving treatment with a bile acid sequestrant or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. [0062]
  • In addition, the present invention refers to a method of treatment of obesity in a human in need of such treatment which comprises administration to the human of a therapeutically effective amount of a lipase inhibitor and a therapeutically effective amount of a bile acid sequestrant. Both compounds, the lipase inhibitor and the bile acid sequestrant may be administered simultaneously, separately or sequentially. [0063]
  • Accordingly, the present invention also relates to a lipase inhibitor and a bile acid sequestrant as defined above for the simultaneous, separate or sequential use for the treatment and prevention of obesity and to a combined preparation for simultaneous, separate or sequential use for the treatment and prevention of obesity. [0064]
  • The invention also refers to the use of a bile acid sequestrant as defined above in the manufacture of medicaments useful for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal side effects selected from the group of oily spotting, fatty/oily stools, fecal urgency, increased defecation and fecal incontinence. Further, the invention also refers to a method of treatment or prevention of gastrointestinal side effects selected from the group of oily spotting, fatty/oily stools, fecal urgency, increased defecation and fecal incontinence in a human in need of such treatment which comprises administration to the human of a therapeutically effective amount of of a bile salt sequestrant as defined above. [0065]
  • The invention will be better understood by reference to the following examples which illustrate but do not limit the invention described herein.[0066]
  • EXAMPLES Example 1
  • Study A [0067]
  • Xenical was ingested t.i.d. by two middle aged healthy male volunteers on a normal average mixed diet. Both individuals frequently experienced one or more of the above mentioned unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects. After 4 weeks on Xenical they started to ingest in addition to Xenical b.i.d. cholestyramine containing sachets (4 g/meal) which were emptied into about 100 ml water, swirled and drunk during the meals. The side effects were immediately reduced in frequency and completely disappeared. After 2-4 weeks of combined intake together with Xenical, cholestyramine was discontinued. When treatment with Xenical alone was carried on the gastrointestinal adverse events reappeared. [0068]
  • Example 2
  • Study B [0069]
  • The anti-GI side effect potential of bile salt sequestrants was extended further in short-term studies in human volunteers. To precipitate the tendency for side effects in this model three meals (lunch, dinner, breakfast) are ingested together with Xenical and 120 mg orlistat in 10 g butter, each. The model is based on the idea that GI side effects following orlistat ingestion are precipitated by the formation of free oil. Free oil is oil, which will coalesce in the dietary fat emulsion passing down the GI tract and separate from the stool matrix. In this model the amount of oil which is separated from the stool matrix is determined after the production of stools. [0070]
  • It was demonstrated in human volunteers that after co-administration of cholestyramine and colestipol, respectively, the formation of free oil was dramatically reduced (cholestyramine: 44% of the respective control experiment without addition of cholestyramine) or nearly completely suppressed (colestipol: 6% of the respective control t without addition of colestipol). Total fat excretion remained unchanged. [0071]
    Free oil formation following intake of 3x a high dose of orlistat
    with fatty meals and reduction by bile salt sequestrants
    (grams per test)
    Experi- Cholestyramin
    ment Control Colestipol 4 g t.i.d. 4 g t.i.d. % of control
    1 49 9 18
    2 35 40 114
    3 51 4 8
    4 10 2 20
    5 64 25 39
    6 46 43 93
    7 76 3 4
    average 47 ± 21 18 ± 18 42 ± 44
    1 11 0 0
    2 9 0 0
    3 51 0 0
    4 34 0 0
    5 64 8 13
    6 71 18 25
    average 40 ± 26 4 ± 7  6 ± 11
  • Example 3
  • Orlistat Pharmaceutical Compositions [0072]
    A)
    Quantity
    Ingredient mg/Capsule
    orlistat 120.00
    microcrystalline cellulose (AVICEL PH-101) 93.60
    sodium starch glycolate (PRIMOJEL) 7.20
    sodium lauryl sulfate 7.20
    polyvinylpyrrolidone (Povidone (K-30)) 12.00
    purified Water*
    talc 0.24
    Total 240.24 mg
  • Procedure: [0073]
  • Blend orlistat, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate in a suitable mixer. Granulate with a solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium lauryl sulfate in purified water. [0074]
  • Pass the granulation through an extruder and pass the extrudate through a spheronizer to form pellets. [0075]
  • Dry the pellets at 30° C. [0076]
  • Add talc and mix. [0077]
  • Fill into hard gelatin capsules. [0078]
    B)
    Quantity
    Ingredient mg/Capsule
    orlistat 60
    microcrystalline cellulose 46.8
    sodium starch glycolate 3.6
    sodium lauryl sulfate 3.6
    polyvinylpyrrolidone 6.0
    purified water*
    talc 0.12
    Total 120.12 mg
  • Procedure: [0079]
  • Blend orlistat, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate in a suitable mixer. [0080]
  • Granulate with solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium lauryl sulfate in purified water. [0081]
  • Pass the granulation through an extruder and pass the extrudate through a spheronizer to form pellets. [0082]
  • Dry the pellets at 30° C. [0083]
  • Add talc and mix. [0084]
  • Fill into hard gelatin capsules. [0085]
    C)
    Ingredient Quantity mg/Capsule
    orlistat 60 120
    lactose 40 80
    microcrystalline cellulose 60 120
    sodium lauryl sulfate 5.7 11.4
    sodium starch glycolate 20 40
    polyvinylpyrrolidone 10 20
    purified water*
    talc 0.2 0.4
    Total 195.9 mg 391.8 mg
  • Procedure: [0086]
  • Blend orlistat, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium starch glycolate in a suitable mixer. [0087]
  • Granulate with a solution of polyvinylpyrollidone and sodium lauryl sulfate in purified water. [0088]
  • Pass the granulation through an extruder, and pass the extrudate through a spheronizer to form pellets. [0089]
  • Dry the pellets at 30° C. [0090]
  • Add talc and mix. [0091]
  • Fill into hard gelatin capsules. [0092]
  • Example 4
  • Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions [0093]
    Quantity
    Ingredient mg/Capsule
    cholestyramine 4 g
    silicium Dioxide 0.495 g
    aspartame 0.05 g
    β-carotene 0.001 g
    purified water*
    Total 4.5 g
  • Procedure: [0094]
  • Blend colestyramine, and silicium dioxide in a suitable mixer. [0095]
  • Granulate with a solution/colloidal suspension of aspartame and beta-carotene in purified water. [0096]
  • Pass the granulation through an sieve. [0097]
  • Dry the granules at 60° C. [0098]
  • Pass the dry granulation through an sieve [0099]
  • Fill into sachets. [0100]
  • Example 5
  • Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions [0101]
    Quantity
    Ingredient mg/Capsule
    cholestyramine 4 g
    silicium dioxide 0.5 g
    saccharose 3 g
    β-carotene 0.001 g
    purified water*
    total 7.5 g
  • Procedure: [0102]
  • Blend colestyramine, silicium dioxide, and saccharose in a suitable mixer. [0103]
  • Granulate with a solution/colloidal suspension of aspartame and beta-carotene in purified water. [0104]
  • Pass the granulation through an sieve. [0105]
  • Dry the granules at 60° C. [0106]
  • Pass the dry granulation through an sieve [0107]
  • Fill into sachets. [0108]
  • Example 6
  • Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions [0109]
    Quantity
    Ingredient mg/Capsule
    cholestyramine 4 g
    aspartame 0.5 g
    β-carotene 0.001 g
    purified water*
    Total 4.05 g
  • Procedure: [0110]
  • Fill colestyramine in a suitable mixer. [0111]
  • Granulate with a solution/colloidal suspension of aspartame and beta-carotene in purified water. [0112]
  • Pass the granulation through an sieve. [0113]
  • Dry the granules at 60° C. [0114]
  • Pass the dry granulation through an sieve [0115]
  • Fill into sachets. [0116]
  • Example 7
  • Orlistat/Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions [0117]
    Quantity
    Ingredient mg/Capsule
    orlistat 120 mg
    maltodextrinum 740 mg
    cholestyramine 4000 mg
    aspartame 440 mg
    purified water*
    total 5.3 g
  • Procedure: [0118]
  • Melt orlistat in a mixer and add maltodextrin. [0119]
  • Mix until solidification at room temperature (first part) [0120]
  • Add cholestyramine and mix [0121]
  • Granulate with a solution/colloidal suspension of aspartame in purified water. [0122]
  • Pass the granulation through an sieve. [0123]
  • Dry the granules at 60° C. [0124]
  • Pass the dry granulation through an sieve (second part) [0125]
  • Blend both parts in a mixer [0126]
  • Fill into sachets. [0127]
  • Example 8
  • Orlistat/Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions [0128]
    Quantity
    Ingredient mg/Capsule
    orlistat 120 mg
    microcrystalline cellulose 240 mg
    sodium starch glycolate 60 mg
    sodium lauryl sulfate 30 mg
    crospovidone 50 mg
    cholestyramine 4000 mg
    aspartame 200 mg
    purified water*
    total 5.2 g
  • Procedure: [0129]
  • Blend cholestyramine, orlistat, microcristalline cellulose (Avicel), sodium starch glycolate and crospovidone in a suitable mixer. [0130]
  • Granulate with a solution/colloidal suspension of sodium lauryl sulfate, aspartame in purified water. [0131]
  • Pass the granulation through an sieve. [0132]
  • Dry the granules at 30° C. [0133]
  • Pass the dry granulation through a sieve [0134]
  • Fill into sachets. [0135]
  • Example 9
  • Orlistat/Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions [0136]
    Quantity
    Ingredient mg/Capsule
    orlistat 120 mg
    maltodextrinum 740 mg
    colestipol 4000 mg
    aspartame 440 mg
    purified water*
    total 5.3 g
  • Procedure: [0137]
  • Melt orlistat in a mixer and add maltodextrin. [0138]
  • Mix until solidification at room temperature (first part) [0139]
  • Add colestipol and mix. [0140]
  • Granulate with a solution/colloidal suspension of aspartame in purified water. [0141]
  • Pass the granulation through an sieve. [0142]
  • Dry the granules at 60° C. [0143]
  • Pass the dry granulation through an sieve (second part) [0144]
  • Blend both parts in a mixer [0145]
  • Fill into sachets. [0146]
  • Example 10
  • Orlistat/Bile Acid Sequestrant Pharmaceutical Compositions [0147]
    Quantity
    Ingredient mg/Capsule
    orlistat 120 mg
    microcrystalline cellulose 240 mg
    sodium starch glycolate 60 mg
    sodium lauryl sulfate 30 mg
    crospovidone 50 mg
    colestipol 4000 mg
    aspartame 200 mg
    purified water*
    total 5.2 g
  • Procedure: [0148]
  • Blend colestipol, orlistat, microcristalline cellulose (Avicel), sodium starch glycolate and crospovidone in a suitable mixer. [0149]
  • Granulate with a solution/colloidal suspension of sodium lauryl sulfate, aspartame in purified water. [0150]
  • Pass the granulation through an sieve. [0151]
  • Dry the granules at 30° C. [0152]
  • Pass the dry granulation through a sieve [0153]
  • Fill into sachets. [0154]
  • Upon reading this specification, various alternative embodiments will become obvious to the skilled artisan. These variations are to be considered within the scope and spirit of the subject invention, which is only to be limited by the claims that follow and their equivalents. [0155]

Claims (37)

What is claimed is:
1. A pharmaceutical composition which comprises orlistat and a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant selected from the group consisting of DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises (a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of orlistat and (b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g of the bile acid sequestrant.
3. The composition according to claim 2, which comprises:
(a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of orlistat;
(b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant selected from the group consisting of DEAE-cellulose, guanidinoethylcellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex;
(c) from about 0.1 to about 10 g of a filler;
(d) from about 0.05 to about 3.0 g of a surfactant;
(e) from about 0.05 to about 2.0 g of a disintegrant;
(f) from about 0.02 to about 2.0 g of a binder;
(g) from about 0.001 to about 1.0 g of a lubricant;
(h) from about 0.1 to about 5.0 g of a flowability enhancer;
(i) from about 0.01 to about 4.0 g of a sweetener; and
(j) and about 0.001 to about 0.5 g of a colorant.
4. The compositions according to claim 3, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 500 mg.
5. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of about 120 mg.
6. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of from about 20 to about 100 mg.
7. The composition according to claim 6, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of about 60 mg.
8. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 g.
9. The composition according to claim 8, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 5 g.
10. A pharmaceutical composition which comprises orlistat and a pharmaceutically acceptable acid sequestrant selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colestimide, colesevelam, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, β-cyclodextrin, and γ-cyclodextrin.
11. The composition according to claim 10, wherein pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of β-cyclodextrin and γ-cyclodextrin.
12. The composition according to claim 10, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, β-cyclodextrin, and γ-cyclodextrin.
13. The composition according to claim 12, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, and sevelamer.
14. The composition according to claim 13, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is cholestyramine.
15. The composition according to claim 13, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is colestipol.
16. The composition according to claim 13, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is sevelamer.
17. The composition according to claim 10, wherein the composition comprises (a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of orlistat and (b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g of the bile acid sequestrant.
18. The composition according to claim 17, which comprises:
(a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of orlistat;
(b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colestimide, colesevelam, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, β-cyclodextrin, and γ-cyclodextrin;
(c) from about 0.1 to about 10 g of a filler;
(d) from about 0.05 to about 3.0 g of a surfactant;
(e) from about 0.05 to about 2.0 g of a disintegrant;
(f) from about 0.02 to about 2.0 g of a binder;
(g) from about 0.001 to about 1.0 g of a lubricant;
(h) from about 0.1 to about 5.0 g of a flowability enhancer;
(i) from about 0.01 to about 4.0 g of a sweetener; and
(j) and about 0.001 to about 0.5 g of a colorant.
19. The composition according to claim 14, wherein the composition comprises (a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of orlistat and (b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g of the bile acid sequestrant.
20. The composition according to claim 19, which comprises:
(a) from about 5 to about 1000 mg of orlistat;
(b) from about 0.1 to about 20 g bile acid sequestrant selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colestimide, colesevelam, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, β-cyclodextrin, and γ-cyclodextrin;
(c) from about 0.1 to about 10 g of a filler;
(d) from about 0.05 to about 3.0 g of a surfactant;
(e) from about 0.05 to about 2.0 g of a disintegrant;
(f) from about 0.02 to about 2.0 g of a binder;
(g) from about 0.001 to about 1.0 g of a lubricant;
(h) from about 0.1 to about 5.0 g of a flowability enhancer;
(i) from about 0.01 to about 4.0 g of a sweetener; and
(j) and about 0.001 to about 0.5 g of a colorant.
21. The compositions according to claim 17, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 500 mg.
22. The composition according to claim 21, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of about 120 mg.
23. The composition according to claim 17, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of from about 20 to about 100 mg.
24. The composition according to claim 23, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of about 60 mg.
25. The composition according to claim 17, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 g.
26. The composition according to claim 25, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 5 g.
27. The compositions according to claim 19, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 500 mg.
284. The composition according to claim 27, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of about 120 mg.
29. The composition according to claim 27, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of from about 20 to about 100 mg.
30. The composition according to claim 29, wherein the orlistat is present in an amount of about 60 mg.
31. The composition according to claim 19, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 g.
32. The composition according to claim 31, wherein the bile acid sequestrant is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 5 g.
33. A kit for use in the treatment of obesity, which comprises (a) a first component which is orlistat and (b) a second component which is a bile acid sequestrant selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colestimide, colesevelam, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin, guanidinoethylcellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex, present in oral unit dosage form.
34. A method of treating obesity in an obese patient to achieve a reduction in body weight, which comprises administering to a patient in need of such treatment (a) a therapeutically effective amount of orlistat and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable bile acid sequestrant selected from the group consisting of cholestyramine, colestipol, colestimide, colesevelam, sevelamer, DEAE-cellulose, β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin, guanidinoethylcellulose, and DEAE-Sephadex in an amount effective to reduce gastrointestinal side effects associated with the lipase inhibitor.
35. The method according to claim 34, wherein the orlistat and bile acid sequestrant are administered simultaneously.
36. The method according to claim 34, wherein the orlistat and bile acid sequestrant are administered separately.
37. The method according to claim 34, wherein the orlistat and bile acid sequestrant are administered sequentially.
US10/718,049 2000-07-28 2003-11-20 Orlistat compositions Abandoned US20040105838A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/718,049 US20040105838A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2003-11-20 Orlistat compositions
US11/062,086 US20050136030A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2005-02-18 Orlistat compositions
US11/499,955 US20060269510A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2006-08-07 Orlistat compositions
US12/763,794 US8071571B2 (en) 2000-07-28 2010-04-20 Orlistat compositions

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00116393 2000-07-28
EP00116393.0 2000-07-28
US09/912,957 US6756364B2 (en) 2000-07-28 2001-07-25 Method of reducing gastrointestinal side effects associated with orlistat treatment
US10/718,049 US20040105838A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2003-11-20 Orlistat compositions

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/912,957 Division US6756364B2 (en) 2000-07-28 2001-07-25 Method of reducing gastrointestinal side effects associated with orlistat treatment

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/062,086 Continuation US20050136030A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2005-02-18 Orlistat compositions
US11/499,955 Continuation US20060269510A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2006-08-07 Orlistat compositions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040105838A1 true US20040105838A1 (en) 2004-06-03

Family

ID=8169384

Family Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/912,957 Expired - Lifetime US6756364B2 (en) 2000-07-28 2001-07-25 Method of reducing gastrointestinal side effects associated with orlistat treatment
US10/718,049 Abandoned US20040105838A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2003-11-20 Orlistat compositions
US11/062,086 Abandoned US20050136030A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2005-02-18 Orlistat compositions
US11/499,955 Abandoned US20060269510A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2006-08-07 Orlistat compositions
US12/763,794 Expired - Fee Related US8071571B2 (en) 2000-07-28 2010-04-20 Orlistat compositions

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/912,957 Expired - Lifetime US6756364B2 (en) 2000-07-28 2001-07-25 Method of reducing gastrointestinal side effects associated with orlistat treatment

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/062,086 Abandoned US20050136030A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2005-02-18 Orlistat compositions
US11/499,955 Abandoned US20060269510A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2006-08-07 Orlistat compositions
US12/763,794 Expired - Fee Related US8071571B2 (en) 2000-07-28 2010-04-20 Orlistat compositions

Country Status (38)

Country Link
US (5) US6756364B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1307264B1 (en)
JP (2) JP4265911B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100572785B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100423715C (en)
AR (1) AR033548A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE279961T1 (en)
AU (2) AU8969901A (en)
BR (1) BR0112799B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2416901C (en)
CZ (1) CZ302087B6 (en)
DE (1) DE60106623T2 (en)
EC (1) ECSP034450A (en)
EG (1) EG24357A (en)
ES (1) ES2230362T3 (en)
GT (1) GT200100152A (en)
HK (1) HK1058636A1 (en)
HR (1) HRP20030029B1 (en)
HU (1) HU229292B1 (en)
IL (2) IL154008A0 (en)
JO (1) JO2320B1 (en)
MA (1) MA26937A1 (en)
ME (1) MEP90508A (en)
MX (1) MXPA03000771A (en)
MY (1) MY127247A (en)
NO (1) NO330546B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ523684A (en)
PA (1) PA8523201A1 (en)
PE (1) PE20020336A1 (en)
PL (1) PL204443B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1307264E (en)
RS (1) RS50397B (en)
RU (1) RU2241462C2 (en)
SI (1) SI1307264T1 (en)
TW (1) TWI275395B (en)
UY (1) UY26860A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002009815A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200300456B (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060189574A1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2006-08-24 Paul Hadvary Method of treating high plasma cholesterol levels
US20080069906A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-20 Thompson Ronald J Method and composition of a carminative herb or natural supplement to decrease the adverse effects of orlistat, and oral lipase inhibitor
US20080070977A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-20 Thompson Ronald J Method and composition of a medicament to decrease the adverse events of Olistat, an oral lipase inhibitor
WO2008070308A2 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-06-12 Thompson Md Ronald J Method and composition of a carminative herb or natural supplement to decrease the adverse effects of orlistat, an oral lipase inhibitor, and a method with formulations to concurrently reduce fracture risk and insure appropriate fatsoluble vitamin supplementation when using orlistat, an oral lipase inhibitor, and a method o
US20090023682A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Joseph Artiss Composition Comprising Dietary Fat Complexer and Methods of Using Same

Families Citing this family (95)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL204443B1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2010-01-29 Hoffmann La Roche New pharmaceutical composition
US7033373B2 (en) 2000-11-03 2006-04-25 Satiety, Inc. Method and device for use in minimally invasive placement of space-occupying intragastric devices
US6558400B2 (en) 2001-05-30 2003-05-06 Satiety, Inc. Obesity treatment tools and methods
WO2003090742A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-11-06 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Pharmaceutical composition comprising a lipase inhibitor and glucomannan
US6746460B2 (en) 2002-08-07 2004-06-08 Satiety, Inc. Intra-gastric fastening devices
US7033384B2 (en) 2002-08-30 2006-04-25 Satiety, Inc. Stented anchoring of gastric space-occupying devices
US7214233B2 (en) 2002-08-30 2007-05-08 Satiety, Inc. Methods and devices for maintaining a space occupying device in a relatively fixed location within a stomach
DE60304723T2 (en) * 2002-09-09 2007-04-05 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno BRANCHED ALPHA GLUCANE FOR WEIGHT MANAGEMENT
US7220237B2 (en) 2002-10-23 2007-05-22 Satiety, Inc. Method and device for use in endoscopic organ procedures
DK2368553T3 (en) 2003-04-08 2015-02-09 Progenics Pharm Inc Pharmaceutical preparation comprising methylnaltrexone
US7175638B2 (en) 2003-04-16 2007-02-13 Satiety, Inc. Method and devices for modifying the function of a body organ
US7914543B2 (en) 2003-10-14 2011-03-29 Satiety, Inc. Single fold device for tissue fixation
US7097650B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2006-08-29 Satiety, Inc. System for tissue approximation and fixation
US7648625B2 (en) * 2003-12-19 2010-01-19 Shell Oil Company Systems, methods, and catalysts for producing a crude product
US20050177176A1 (en) 2004-02-05 2005-08-11 Craig Gerbi Single-fold system for tissue approximation and fixation
EP1713402B1 (en) 2004-02-13 2018-07-04 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Device for reducing stomach volume
WO2006004574A2 (en) * 2004-02-19 2006-01-12 Abbott Laboratories Method for using gamma cyclodextrin to control blood glucose and insulin secretion
CA2557722C (en) 2004-02-27 2013-02-12 Satiety, Inc. Methods and devices for reducing hollow organ volume
US8252009B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2012-08-28 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Devices and methods for placement of partitions within a hollow body organ
US9028511B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2015-05-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Devices and methods for placement of partitions within a hollow body organ
US8628547B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2014-01-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Devices and methods for placement of partitions within a hollow body organ
US8449560B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2013-05-28 Satiety, Inc. Devices and methods for placement of partitions within a hollow body organ
CA2561193A1 (en) 2004-03-26 2005-10-20 Satiety, Inc. Systems and methods for treating obesity
US20050276781A1 (en) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-15 Ross Edward A Molecularly imprinted phosphate binders for therapeutic use
WO2006035296A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-06 Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited Process for the preparation of an orlistat derivative useful as reference standard in the determination of the purity of orlistat and process for the preparation of orlistat
US20060106288A1 (en) 2004-11-17 2006-05-18 Roth Alex T Remote tissue retraction device
US8524731B2 (en) 2005-03-07 2013-09-03 The University Of Chicago Use of opioid antagonists to attenuate endothelial cell proliferation and migration
US8518962B2 (en) 2005-03-07 2013-08-27 The University Of Chicago Use of opioid antagonists
US9662325B2 (en) 2005-03-07 2017-05-30 The University Of Chicago Use of opioid antagonists to attenuate endothelial cell proliferation and migration
CN101171010B (en) * 2005-03-07 2014-09-17 芝加哥大学 Use of opioid antagonists to attenuate endothelial cell proliferation and migration
AR057035A1 (en) 2005-05-25 2007-11-14 Progenics Pharm Inc SYNTHESIS OF (R) -N-METHYLNTREXONE, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS AND USES
AR057325A1 (en) 2005-05-25 2007-11-28 Progenics Pharm Inc SYNTHESIS OF (S) -N-METHYLNTREXONE, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS AND USES
US20090208584A1 (en) * 2005-06-09 2009-08-20 Tomohiro Yoshinari Solid preparation
CA2610922A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-21 Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd. Use of allylmercaptocaptopril for treating or preventing obesity and obesity related diseases
AR056499A1 (en) * 2005-09-06 2007-10-10 Serapis Farmaceuticals Ltd COMPOUNDS
JP2009514966A (en) * 2005-11-08 2009-04-09 ジェンザイム・コーポレーション Magnesium-containing polymer for hyperphosphatemia
CA2647325C (en) * 2005-12-12 2015-03-24 Allaccem, Inc. Methods and systems for preparing antimicrobial bridged polycyclic compounds
EP1803714A1 (en) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-04 KRKA, tovarna zdravil, d.d., Novo mesto Process for preparing crystalline forms of orlistat
WO2007086054A2 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-08-02 Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd. A process for preparing allylmercaptocaptopril (cpssa) and related asymmetrical disulfides
WO2007094779A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-23 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Pharmaceutical formulations of aliphatic amine polymers and methods for their manufacture
DE602006004695D1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2009-02-26 Teva Pharma Pharmaceutical preparation of aliphatic amine polymers and process for their preparation
US7964182B2 (en) * 2006-09-01 2011-06-21 USV, Ltd Pharmaceutical compositions comprising phosphate-binding polymer
CA2749074A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-05-29 Usv Limited Process for the preparation of sevelamer hydrochloride and formulation thereof
GB0618725D0 (en) * 2006-09-23 2006-11-01 Jagotec Ag Composition containing inhibitors of gastro-intestinal lipase
PT2124884T (en) * 2006-12-22 2019-09-17 Ironwood Pharmaceuticals Inc Compositions comprising bile acid sequestrants for treating esophageal disorders
EP1944025A1 (en) * 2007-01-09 2008-07-16 Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited Stable pharmaceutical compositions of orlistat
NZ579785A (en) 2007-02-21 2012-06-29 Allaccem Inc Bridged polycyclic compound based compositions for the inhibition and amelioration of disease
PT2139890E (en) 2007-03-29 2014-09-03 Wyeth Llc Peripheral opioid receptor antagonists and uses thereof
EP2134718A2 (en) 2007-03-29 2009-12-23 Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Crystal forms of (r)-n-methylnaltrexone bromide and uses thereof
PL2137191T3 (en) 2007-03-29 2016-12-30 Peripheral opioid receptor antagonists and uses thereof
US8153618B2 (en) * 2007-08-10 2012-04-10 Allaccem, Inc. Bridged polycyclic compound based compositions for topical applications for pets
US8188068B2 (en) * 2007-08-10 2012-05-29 Allaccem, Inc. Bridged polycyclic compound based compositions for coating oral surfaces in pets
US8153617B2 (en) * 2007-08-10 2012-04-10 Allaccem, Inc. Bridged polycyclic compound based compositions for coating oral surfaces in humans
US20090074833A1 (en) * 2007-08-17 2009-03-19 Whiteford Jeffery A Bridged polycyclic compound based compositions for controlling bone resorption
MX2010004072A (en) * 2007-10-15 2010-09-14 Inventis Dds Pvt Ltd Pharmaceutical composition of orlistat.
AU2008349873B2 (en) 2008-02-06 2014-02-13 Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Preparation and use of (R),(R)-2,2'-bis-methylnaltrexone
PL216542B1 (en) 2008-03-20 2014-04-30 Zakłady Farmaceutyczne POLPHARMA Spółka Akcyjna Production method of a stable Orlistat composition in form of encapsulated powder
AU2009225434B2 (en) 2008-03-21 2014-05-22 The University Of Chicago Treatment with opioid antagonists and mTOR inhibitors
US20100004218A1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2010-01-07 Whiteford Jeffery A Bridged polycyclic compound based compositions for renal therapy
US20100016270A1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2010-01-21 Whiteford Jeffery A Bridged polycyclic compound based compositions for controlling cholesterol levels
CA2735962A1 (en) * 2008-09-02 2010-04-15 Usv Limited Crosslinked polymers
CA2676881C (en) 2008-09-30 2017-04-25 Wyeth Peripheral opioid receptor antagonists and uses thereof
US9339480B2 (en) * 2008-11-26 2016-05-17 Satiogen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Bile acid recycling inhibitors for treatment of obesity and diabetes
GB0900350D0 (en) * 2009-01-09 2009-02-11 Cambridge Entpr Ltd Formulations of viable bacteria for oral delivery
WO2010093243A1 (en) 2009-02-12 2010-08-19 Coöperatieve Mirzorg U.A., Arnhem Use of a combination of diazoxide and metformin for treating obesity or obesity related disorders
US20100330175A1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2010-12-30 Jobdevairakkam Christopher N Cross-linked polyallylamine tablet core
US20110152204A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 Satiogen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Treatment of Obesity or Diabetes with Bile Acid Sequestrants
WO2011150286A2 (en) 2010-05-26 2011-12-01 Satiogen Pharmaceuticals,Inc. Bile acid recycling inhibitors and satiogens for treatment of diabetes, obesity, and inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions
RS60901B1 (en) 2010-11-08 2020-11-30 Albireo Ab Ibat inhibitors for the treatment of liver diseases
US11154559B2 (en) 2011-09-29 2021-10-26 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Methods and compositions of bile acids
CN104023727B (en) 2011-10-28 2017-04-05 鲁美纳医药公司 For treating the bile acid recycling inhibitors of children's cholestatic liver disease
EP2591768B1 (en) * 2011-11-14 2014-07-16 Deva Holding Anonim Sirketi Single unit dosage formulations of sevelamer and fat soluble vitamins and surface active agents
JP2013147488A (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-08-01 Taisho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd Solid preparation
GB201122213D0 (en) * 2011-12-23 2012-02-01 Norgine Bv Compositions
US8252312B1 (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-08-28 David Wong Oral solid composition comprising a lipid absorption inhibitor
LT2916852T (en) 2012-11-06 2021-06-25 Sigrid Therapeutics Ab A porous silica material for use as a pharmaceutical or dietary active ingredient
ES2643057T3 (en) 2012-12-21 2017-11-21 National Health Research Institutes Silica mesopores nanoparticles for oil absorption
RU2552926C1 (en) * 2014-06-23 2015-06-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПРОМОМЕД" Pharmaceutical combination for treating and/or preventing disorders related to overweight and/or obesity, and based method of treating
CA2952406A1 (en) 2014-06-25 2015-12-30 Ea Pharma Co., Ltd. Solid formulation and method for preventing or reducing coloration thereof
US10743813B2 (en) 2014-09-11 2020-08-18 Rattan Nath Diabetes control using postprandial feedback
EP3012252A1 (en) 2014-10-24 2016-04-27 Ferring BV Crystal modifications of elobixibat
US10786529B2 (en) 2016-02-09 2020-09-29 Albireo Ab Oral cholestyramine formulation and use thereof
US10441604B2 (en) 2016-02-09 2019-10-15 Albireo Ab Cholestyramine pellets and methods for preparation thereof
WO2017138876A1 (en) * 2016-02-09 2017-08-17 Albireo Ab Cholestyramine pellets and methods for preparation thereof
US10441605B2 (en) 2016-02-09 2019-10-15 Albireo Ab Oral cholestyramine formulation and use thereof
CA3071285A1 (en) 2017-08-09 2019-02-14 Albireo Ab Cholestyramine granules, oral cholestyramine formulations and use thereof
US11389545B2 (en) * 2018-01-09 2022-07-19 Aqua Regenerative Therapies Llc Bioactive nanoparticles and methods for making same
US10793534B2 (en) 2018-06-05 2020-10-06 Albireo Ab Benzothia(di)azepine compounds and their use as bile acid modulators
CA3100691A1 (en) 2018-06-20 2019-12-26 Albireo Ab Crystal modifications of odevixibat
US11549878B2 (en) 2018-08-09 2023-01-10 Albireo Ab In vitro method for determining the adsorbing capacity of an insoluble adsorbant
US11007142B2 (en) 2018-08-09 2021-05-18 Albireo Ab Oral cholestyramine formulation and use thereof
US10722457B2 (en) 2018-08-09 2020-07-28 Albireo Ab Oral cholestyramine formulation and use thereof
CN108685848B (en) * 2018-08-13 2020-09-01 中山万汉制药有限公司 Orlistat oral emulsion and preparation method thereof
NL2022615B1 (en) 2019-02-21 2020-08-31 Patrick Alexander Unger Pharmaceutical composition comprising tetrahydrocannabivarin for the prevention and treatment of overweight
CN111297826B (en) * 2020-04-20 2021-08-03 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 Stable orlistat capsule and preparation method thereof

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4598089A (en) * 1983-06-22 1986-07-01 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Leucine derivatives
US5358522A (en) * 1991-05-30 1994-10-25 Boston Medical Products, Inc. Thyroplasty implant
US5447953A (en) * 1992-06-24 1995-09-05 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Biomasses to treat non-human animals
US5545414A (en) * 1995-03-22 1996-08-13 Abbott Laboratories Cholesterol lowering food product
US5643874A (en) * 1993-08-05 1997-07-01 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Pharmaceutical composition comprising a glucosidase and/or amylase inhibitor, and a lipase inhibitor
US5883109A (en) * 1996-07-24 1999-03-16 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Method for lowering serum lipid levels employing an MTP inhibitor in combination with another cholesterol lowering drug
US6004996A (en) * 1997-02-05 1999-12-21 Hoffman-La Roche Inc. Tetrahydrolipstatin containing compositions

Family Cites Families (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3692895A (en) * 1970-09-08 1972-09-19 Norman A Nelson Method of reducing hypercholesteremia in humans employing a copolymer of polyethylenepolyamine and a bifunctional substance, such as epichlorohydria
IT1052819B (en) * 1975-12-12 1981-07-20 Fargal Pharmasint Lab Biochim DIETHYLAMIN ETHYL DEXTRANE-BASED LIPID ABSORPTION INHIBITOR PREPARATION
DE3414609C1 (en) * 1984-04-18 1985-06-20 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Device for influencing a cooling air flow
IT1190349B (en) * 1986-06-16 1988-02-16 Prodotti Formenti Srl PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS WITH SEQUESTRANT ACTIVITY OF BILE ACIDS CONTAINING COLESTYRAMINE AS THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT, AND PROCEDURE TO PREPARE THEM
US5063210A (en) 1989-04-20 1991-11-05 Lange Iii Louis G Use of sulfated polysaccharides to decrease cholesterol and fatty acid absorption
US5616570A (en) * 1991-10-18 1997-04-01 Lange, Iii; Louis G. Use of non-absorbable synthetic sulfated polysaccharides to decrease cholesterol absorbtion
US5607669A (en) * 1994-06-10 1997-03-04 Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amine polymer sequestrant and method of cholesterol depletion
US5667775A (en) * 1993-08-11 1997-09-16 Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Phosphate-binding polymers for oral administration
US5569452A (en) * 1993-08-31 1996-10-29 Tsrl, Inc. Pharmaceutical formulation having enhanced bile acid binding affinity
TW474813B (en) * 1994-06-10 2002-02-01 Geltex Pharma Inc Alkylated composition for removing bile salts from a patient
JP3832871B2 (en) * 1995-04-03 2006-10-11 日本製粉株式会社 Lipase inhibitor
US6294190B1 (en) 1995-12-26 2001-09-25 Suntory Limited Antiobestic agent containing procyanidin as the active ingredient
US5612026A (en) * 1996-01-25 1997-03-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Cholesterol lowering drink mix compositons
US6066653A (en) 1997-01-17 2000-05-23 Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. Method of treating acid lipase deficiency diseases with an MTP inhibitor and cholesterol lowering drugs
JP3807464B2 (en) 1997-11-17 2006-08-09 康二 嘉島 Anti-obesity agent
GB9727131D0 (en) 1997-12-24 1998-02-25 Knoll Ag Therapeutic agents
US6267952B1 (en) 1998-01-09 2001-07-31 Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Lipase inhibiting polymers
BR9907234A (en) 1998-01-09 2000-10-10 Geltex Pharma Inc Fat-binding polymers
FI113356B (en) 1998-05-20 2004-04-15 Upm Kymmene Corp The container-forming unit
ATE263558T1 (en) * 1998-08-14 2004-04-15 Hoffmann La Roche PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING LIPASE INHIBITORS AND CHITOSAN
JP3774118B2 (en) * 1998-08-14 2006-05-10 エフ.ホフマン−ラ ロシュ アーゲー Pharmaceutical composition comprising a lipase inhibitor
JP2002524410A (en) 1998-09-08 2002-08-06 スミスクライン・ビーチャム・コーポレイション Lipstatin derivative-soluble fiber tablet
GB9900416D0 (en) 1999-01-08 1999-02-24 Alizyme Therapeutics Ltd Inhibitors
EP1143999B1 (en) 1999-01-22 2004-07-21 Hunza di Pistolesi Elvira & C. S.a.S. Lipoprotein complexes and compositions containing them
AR025609A1 (en) 1999-09-13 2002-12-04 Hoffmann La Roche SOLID LIPID FORMULATIONS
AR025587A1 (en) * 1999-09-13 2002-12-04 Hoffmann La Roche DISPERSION FORMULATIONS CONTAINING LIPASA INHIBITORS
PL204443B1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2010-01-29 Hoffmann La Roche New pharmaceutical composition

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4598089A (en) * 1983-06-22 1986-07-01 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Leucine derivatives
US5358522A (en) * 1991-05-30 1994-10-25 Boston Medical Products, Inc. Thyroplasty implant
US5447953A (en) * 1992-06-24 1995-09-05 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Biomasses to treat non-human animals
US5643874A (en) * 1993-08-05 1997-07-01 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Pharmaceutical composition comprising a glucosidase and/or amylase inhibitor, and a lipase inhibitor
US5545414A (en) * 1995-03-22 1996-08-13 Abbott Laboratories Cholesterol lowering food product
US5883109A (en) * 1996-07-24 1999-03-16 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Method for lowering serum lipid levels employing an MTP inhibitor in combination with another cholesterol lowering drug
US6004996A (en) * 1997-02-05 1999-12-21 Hoffman-La Roche Inc. Tetrahydrolipstatin containing compositions

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060189574A1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2006-08-24 Paul Hadvary Method of treating high plasma cholesterol levels
US20080069906A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-20 Thompson Ronald J Method and composition of a carminative herb or natural supplement to decrease the adverse effects of orlistat, and oral lipase inhibitor
US20080070977A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-20 Thompson Ronald J Method and composition of a medicament to decrease the adverse events of Olistat, an oral lipase inhibitor
US7662373B2 (en) * 2006-09-18 2010-02-16 Thompson Ronald J Method and composition of a medicament to decrease the adverse events of Olistat, an oral lipase inhibitor
WO2008070308A2 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-06-12 Thompson Md Ronald J Method and composition of a carminative herb or natural supplement to decrease the adverse effects of orlistat, an oral lipase inhibitor, and a method with formulations to concurrently reduce fracture risk and insure appropriate fatsoluble vitamin supplementation when using orlistat, an oral lipase inhibitor, and a method o
WO2008070308A3 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-11-20 Md Ronald J Thompson Method and composition of a carminative herb or natural supplement to decrease the adverse effects of orlistat, an oral lipase inhibitor, and a method with formulations to concurrently reduce fracture risk and insure appropriate fatsoluble vitamin supplementation when using orlistat, an oral lipase inhibitor, and a method o
US20090023682A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Joseph Artiss Composition Comprising Dietary Fat Complexer and Methods of Using Same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR0112799B1 (en) 2017-10-24
ES2230362T3 (en) 2005-05-01
AU8969901A (en) 2002-02-13
UY26860A1 (en) 2002-01-31
TWI275395B (en) 2007-03-11
PE20020336A1 (en) 2002-05-08
ME00671B (en) 2011-12-20
EP1307264A2 (en) 2003-05-07
US8071571B2 (en) 2011-12-06
ECSP034450A (en) 2003-03-10
PA8523201A1 (en) 2002-10-24
DE60106623T2 (en) 2006-02-02
SI1307264T1 (en) 2005-02-28
US20050136030A1 (en) 2005-06-23
AU2001289699B2 (en) 2006-06-01
IL154008A (en) 2011-12-29
HRP20030029A2 (en) 2004-02-29
CN1444495A (en) 2003-09-24
JP4265911B2 (en) 2009-05-20
JO2320B1 (en) 2005-09-12
CA2416901A1 (en) 2002-02-07
MXPA03000771A (en) 2003-06-04
HK1058636A1 (en) 2004-05-28
NO20030418L (en) 2003-01-27
HUP0301281A3 (en) 2005-05-30
CZ2003582A3 (en) 2004-02-18
BR0112799A (en) 2003-07-01
AR033548A1 (en) 2003-12-26
YU5003A (en) 2006-01-16
NO330546B1 (en) 2011-05-16
US6756364B2 (en) 2004-06-29
HRP20030029B1 (en) 2005-06-30
NZ523684A (en) 2005-04-29
GT200100152A (en) 2002-05-16
IL154008A0 (en) 2003-07-31
HUP0301281A2 (en) 2003-08-28
ATE279961T1 (en) 2004-11-15
MY127247A (en) 2006-11-30
JP2009073833A (en) 2009-04-09
ZA200300456B (en) 2004-04-16
PT1307264E (en) 2005-02-28
RS50397B (en) 2009-12-31
KR20030029796A (en) 2003-04-16
EP1307264B1 (en) 2004-10-20
US20100203032A1 (en) 2010-08-12
JP2004505067A (en) 2004-02-19
US20020035089A1 (en) 2002-03-21
DE60106623D1 (en) 2004-11-25
MEP90508A (en) 2011-12-20
HU229292B1 (en) 2013-10-28
US20060269510A1 (en) 2006-11-30
CZ302087B6 (en) 2010-10-06
EG24357A (en) 2009-03-04
RU2241462C2 (en) 2004-12-10
NO20030418D0 (en) 2003-01-27
PL204443B1 (en) 2010-01-29
WO2002009815A2 (en) 2002-02-07
WO2002009815A3 (en) 2002-04-18
KR100572785B1 (en) 2006-04-19
CN100423715C (en) 2008-10-08
MA26937A1 (en) 2004-12-20
CA2416901C (en) 2007-07-03
PL366105A1 (en) 2005-01-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6756364B2 (en) Method of reducing gastrointestinal side effects associated with orlistat treatment
US20060189574A1 (en) Method of treating high plasma cholesterol levels
AU2001289699A1 (en) New pharmaceutical composition
AU2001289696A1 (en) New use of lipase inhibitors

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION