US20040086340A1 - Retractable radome strake and method - Google Patents
Retractable radome strake and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20040086340A1 US20040086340A1 US10/283,202 US28320202A US2004086340A1 US 20040086340 A1 US20040086340 A1 US 20040086340A1 US 28320202 A US28320202 A US 28320202A US 2004086340 A1 US2004086340 A1 US 2004086340A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- strake
- finger elements
- radome
- wind
- assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
- F15D1/10—Influencing flow of fluids around bodies of solid material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/005—Damping of vibrations; Means for reducing wind-induced forces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to methods and devices for reducing vortex shedding. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a retractable strake for reducing the susceptibility of a radome to vortex shedding.
- Vortex shedding refers to the phenomenon that occurs when wind forces exert a pressure of one level on one side of an object, while exerting a pressure of another level on an opposite side of the object.
- an antenna structure is typically surrounded by a radome.
- a radome is a hollow cylindrical mast, typically made from fiberglass, that is placed around an antenna structure to protect it from elements, such as snow and ice, that could affect the performance of the antenna.
- the wind flows around the circumference of the radome.
- Vortices 14 , 16 , 18 may be created, which, although occurring after the wind has traversed the radome 12 , still exert pressure on the radome 12 .
- Vortices are swirling eddies of air which occur as the flow separates from the trailing surface of the radome.
- the band of negative pressure essentially wraps around the down stream side of the radome from separation point to separation point. This together with the positive pressure from the impingent flow forms the basis for flow induced drag.
- the frequency of the shedding vortices is dependent on the kinematic viscosity of the fluid (in this case air), the wind speed, and the geometry of the object.
- the frequency of vortex shedding can be either random or periodic.
- Antenna structures are designed to withstand established maximum expected wind speeds as the local and national standards dictate.
- the antenna structures are designed to withstand the expected maximum wind speeds, which are measured from a reference point location at or near ground level, occurring over a given time period of fifty years or so. Typically, the maximum wind speeds are in excess of seventy miles per hour (mph).
- the actual resulting wind pressure at a location along the antenna structure is scaled up (i.e., increases) as one traverses from the bottom of the antenna structure to the top of the antenna structure to account for the increase in wind speed that occurs as with the increased height of the structure.
- Vortex shedding frequencies are either random or significantly higher than any of the potentially damaging modes of structural vibration at points along the antenna, which are susceptible to higher wind speeds. The greatest problem occurs at low wind speeds, i.e., at or near the bottom of the antenna structure.
- the frequency of vortex shedding is periodic at low wind speeds. A vortex will shed off of one side and then the other at regular intervals, producing a periodic oscillating side to side force. This can be damaging if the frequency of vortex shedding is slightly above the first structural mode and the wind speed driving the structure is greater than ten mph. This will cause resonance, a condition where there is very little resistance to oscillatory motion. Large displacements can develop causing damage or failure.
- the vortices 14 , 16 , 18 are spiraling circles of wind that tend to increase the pressure exerted on the radome.
- the structure may move in a direction toward the side that is lower in pressure.
- the pressure exerted on opposite sides of the structure may continue to fluctuate, and cause the structure to vibrate, i.e., sway in response to the alternating low pressure sides. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, vortex 14 will cause radome 12 to move downward, while vortex 16 will cause the radome 12 to move upward.
- helical strakes which are blade-like structures, are added to the external surface of the top thirty percent of a radome to prevent wind induced vortex shedding.
- the strakes disrupt and diffuse the flow of wind around the radome, such that the development of periodic vortices, which may cause the antenna structure to resonate, is reduced.
- radome enclosed antenna structures such as a television broadcasting antennas
- strakes are mostly needed at wind speeds below approximately twenty miles per hour and/or wind pressures below one psf.
- the addition of the strakes to a radome increases the cross-sectional area of the radome.
- the radome is susceptible to greater wind loads, that could affect the stability of the antenna.
- components of the antenna structure such as an antenna mast and a supporting tower structure, have to be built stronger to withstand the increased wind loads.
- the cost to manufacture the antenna structure increases.
- a system for reducing vortex shedding on an object includes a strake having a plurality of finger elements, wherein the strake is coupled to the object.
- the strake deflects at wind pressures greater than approximately one psf.
- the maximum height of the strake is ten percent of an overall diameter of the object.
- the finger elements are bristle elements.
- the finger elements are plastic strips.
- the plastic strips are made from polycarbonate.
- the object includes a port, and at least one of the assembly elements extends through the port.
- a base is provided, and the plurality of finger elements is coupled to the base.
- the strake is one of a plurality of strakes that is positioned about the object.
- the plurality of strakes is positioned in a helical type of pattern about the object.
- the strake is molded into the object.
- an apparatus for reducing vortex shedding on an object includes a means for assembling a plurality of finger elements, and a means for positioning the assembly of finger elements about an object.
- the positioning means allows the plurality of finger elements to deflect when at least one of wind speeds are greater than approximately twenty mph and wind pressures are greater than approximately one psf.
- the plurality of finger elements is a strake.
- the assembling means is a support structure that is coupled to the plurality of finger elements.
- a support structure is coupled to the plurality of finger elements, and the support structure is also coupled to the object via non-metallic hardware.
- the positioning means is an adhesive.
- the adhesive is an epoxy
- the object is a radome.
- the object is a chimney.
- a method for manufacturing an apparatus for reducing vortex shedding on an object includes arranging a plurality of finger elements into an assembly of finger elements, and coupling the assembly of finger elements to an object, such that the assembly of finger elements deflects when at least one of wind speeds are greater than approximately twenty mph and wind pressures are greater than approximately one psf.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a radome subjected to vortex shedding.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of a retractable strake in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a front elevation view of a retractable strake in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 a retractable strake 20 , 22 in accordance with the present invention, that may be utilized to reduce vortex shedding.
- the present invention is described with respect to a radome 12 .
- a strake 20 , 22 in accordance with the present invention may have other applications.
- the strake 20 , 22 is constructed from an assembly of finger elements 24 , 26 , 28 .
- the individual finger elements 24 , 26 , 28 are bristle elements manufactured from a non-metallic material, for example, a plastic, a nylon material, or a polyethylene material.
- the finger elements 24 , 26 , 28 are formed from strips of a plastic material, for example polyethylene.
- a strake 20 , 22 when utilized in connection with an antenna system, is made from a non-metallic material to prevent interference with the transmission of signals from the antenna.
- a strake 20 , 22 of the present invention when utilized for other applications, such as preventing the occurrence of vortex shedding on, for example, metal chimney stacks, may be manufactured from a metallic or a non-metallic material.
- the assembly of finger elements 24 , 26 , 28 are arranged according to a predetermined pattern.
- the pattern is designed such that the maximum height of the assembly of finger elements 24 , 26 , 28 is approximately ten percent of the overall diameter of the radome 12 .
- the diameter of the radome 12 is forty inches and the maximum height of the assembly of finger elements is approximately four inches.
- At least one side of the assembly of finger elements 24 , 26 , 28 is curved, such that the strake 20 , 22 can be curvedly positioned about the radome 12 .
- strakes 20 , 22 are positioned on an exterior surface of a radome 12 .
- the strakes 20 , 22 are positioned about the exterior surface of the radome, such that they form a helical or nearly helical pattern about the exterior surface of the radome.
- the strakes 20 , 22 By positioning the strakes 20 , 22 in a helical type of pattern about the radome 22 , instead of straight out from the radome 12 , the strakes 20 , 22 cover more surface area of the radome 12 , and are able to diffuse the wind flow, and prevent the development of vortices, such as vortices 14 , 16 , 18 shown in FIG. 1.
- a strake 20 , 22 is retractable.
- the strake 20 , 22 is erect, stiff and/or stable. Accordingly, the strake 20 , 22 creates the necessary turbulence to avoid the development of vortices that could affect the stability of, for example, a radome enclosed antenna structure.
- the strake 20 , 22 is designed such that, at wind speeds above approximately twenty mph and/or wind pressures greater than approximately one psf, when vortex shedding typically does not occur, the strake 20 , 22 deflects in the direction of airflow, as the wind speeds and/or wind pressures increase.
- the cross-sectional area of the radome 12 with the added strake, decreases. Accordingly, the amount of wind load that the radome 12 is susceptible to also decreases. The deflection serves to retract the strake.
- the assembly finger elements 24 , 26 , 28 of a strake 20 , 22 completely deflect, and lay along the surface of the radome 12 .
- a strake 20 , 22 is coupled to the radome via an adhesive.
- the radome 12 has openings/ports through which the finger elements 24 , 26 , 28 are inserted, and secured with adhesive, such as an epoxy.
- adhesive such as an epoxy.
- the individual finger elements 24 , 26 , 28 , of a strake 20 , 22 are secured to the exterior surface of the radome 12 with an adhesive.
- a strake 20 , 22 is assembled on a non-metallic support structure and/or base 30 that is molded into the structure of the radome 12 , or coupled to the radome 12 with a non-metallic hardware.
- the strake 20 , 22 is assembled within a non-metallic frame structure that is coupled to the radome 12 with non-metallic hardware. It should be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that there may be various other methods for coupling the strake 20 , 22 to a radome 12 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates generally to methods and devices for reducing vortex shedding. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a retractable strake for reducing the susceptibility of a radome to vortex shedding.
- It is well known that antenna structures are subject to vortex shedding. Vortex shedding refers to the phenomenon that occurs when wind forces exert a pressure of one level on one side of an object, while exerting a pressure of another level on an opposite side of the object.
- For example, an antenna structure is typically surrounded by a radome. A radome is a hollow cylindrical mast, typically made from fiberglass, that is placed around an antenna structure to protect it from elements, such as snow and ice, that could affect the performance of the antenna. When a radome enclosed antenna structure is erected and subjected to wind, the wind flows around the circumference of the radome.
- As shown in FIG. 1, when
wind 10 flows around theradome 12,vortices radome 12, still exert pressure on theradome 12. Vortices are swirling eddies of air which occur as the flow separates from the trailing surface of the radome. As the flow separates or “sheds” a negative pressure is developed. The band of negative pressure essentially wraps around the down stream side of the radome from separation point to separation point. This together with the positive pressure from the impingent flow forms the basis for flow induced drag. The frequency of the shedding vortices is dependent on the kinematic viscosity of the fluid (in this case air), the wind speed, and the geometry of the object. The frequency of vortex shedding can be either random or periodic. - Antenna structures are designed to withstand established maximum expected wind speeds as the local and national standards dictate. The antenna structures are designed to withstand the expected maximum wind speeds, which are measured from a reference point location at or near ground level, occurring over a given time period of fifty years or so. Typically, the maximum wind speeds are in excess of seventy miles per hour (mph). However, the actual resulting wind pressure at a location along the antenna structure is scaled up (i.e., increases) as one traverses from the bottom of the antenna structure to the top of the antenna structure to account for the increase in wind speed that occurs as with the increased height of the structure.
- Vortex shedding frequencies are either random or significantly higher than any of the potentially damaging modes of structural vibration at points along the antenna, which are susceptible to higher wind speeds. The greatest problem occurs at low wind speeds, i.e., at or near the bottom of the antenna structure. The frequency of vortex shedding is periodic at low wind speeds. A vortex will shed off of one side and then the other at regular intervals, producing a periodic oscillating side to side force. This can be damaging if the frequency of vortex shedding is slightly above the first structural mode and the wind speed driving the structure is greater than ten mph. This will cause resonance, a condition where there is very little resistance to oscillatory motion. Large displacements can develop causing damage or failure. The
vortices - When the pressure on one side of a structure differs from the pressure on the opposite side of the structure, at a point in time, the structure may move in a direction toward the side that is lower in pressure. As the wind traverses the structure, the pressure exerted on opposite sides of the structure may continue to fluctuate, and cause the structure to vibrate, i.e., sway in response to the alternating low pressure sides. For example, as shown in FIG. 1,
vortex 14 will causeradome 12 to move downward, whilevortex 16 will cause theradome 12 to move upward. - Conventionally, helical strakes, which are blade-like structures, are added to the external surface of the top thirty percent of a radome to prevent wind induced vortex shedding. The strakes disrupt and diffuse the flow of wind around the radome, such that the development of periodic vortices, which may cause the antenna structure to resonate, is reduced.
- Typically, radome enclosed antenna structures, such as a television broadcasting antennas, experience vortex shedding at wind speeds in the range of ten to twenty miles mph and/or at wind pressures at or below one pound per square foot (psf). Thus, strakes are mostly needed at wind speeds below approximately twenty miles per hour and/or wind pressures below one psf.
- However, the addition of the strakes to a radome increases the cross-sectional area of the radome. With the increase in the cross-sectional area, the radome is susceptible to greater wind loads, that could affect the stability of the antenna. Thus, components of the antenna structure, such as an antenna mast and a supporting tower structure, have to be built stronger to withstand the increased wind loads. As a result of the added strakes, the cost to manufacture the antenna structure increases.
- Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a strake that may reduce the susceptibility of antenna structures to vortex shedding, while reducing the contribution of the strake to the wind load of the antenna structure.
- Further, it would be desirable to provide a strake that helps to prevent vortex shedding without significantly increasing the costs of associated antenna structures, such as antenna masts and supporting tower structures.
- In one aspect of the present invention, a system for reducing vortex shedding on an object is provided that includes a strake having a plurality of finger elements, wherein the strake is coupled to the object.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the strake deflects at wind pressures greater than approximately one psf.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the maximum height of the strake is ten percent of an overall diameter of the object.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the finger elements are bristle elements.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the finger elements are plastic strips.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the plastic strips are made from polycarbonate.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the object includes a port, and at least one of the assembly elements extends through the port.
- In another aspect of the present invention, a base is provided, and the plurality of finger elements is coupled to the base.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the strake is one of a plurality of strakes that is positioned about the object.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the plurality of strakes is positioned in a helical type of pattern about the object.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the strake is molded into the object.
- In yet another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for reducing vortex shedding on an object is provided that includes a means for assembling a plurality of finger elements, and a means for positioning the assembly of finger elements about an object. The positioning means allows the plurality of finger elements to deflect when at least one of wind speeds are greater than approximately twenty mph and wind pressures are greater than approximately one psf.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the plurality of finger elements is a strake.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the assembling means is a support structure that is coupled to the plurality of finger elements.
- In another aspect of the present invention, a support structure is coupled to the plurality of finger elements, and the support structure is also coupled to the object via non-metallic hardware.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the positioning means is an adhesive.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the adhesive is an epoxy.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the object is a radome.
- In another aspect of the present invention, the object is a chimney.
- Further, in yet another aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing an apparatus for reducing vortex shedding on an object is provided that includes arranging a plurality of finger elements into an assembly of finger elements, and coupling the assembly of finger elements to an object, such that the assembly of finger elements deflects when at least one of wind speeds are greater than approximately twenty mph and wind pressures are greater than approximately one psf.
- There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course, additional features of the invention that will be described below and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto.
- In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein, as well as the abstract, are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
- As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception upon which this disclosure is based may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a radome subjected to vortex shedding.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of a retractable strake in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a front elevation view of a retractable strake in accordance with the present invention.
- Referring now to the figures, wherein like reference numerals indicate like elements, there is shown in FIG. 2, a
retractable strake radome 12. However it should be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that astrake - In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the
strake finger elements individual finger elements finger elements - It should be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that a
strake strake - Shown in FIG. 2, the assembly of
finger elements finger elements radome 12. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of theradome 12 is forty inches and the maximum height of the assembly of finger elements is approximately four inches. - In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one side of the assembly of
finger elements strake radome 12. - Shown in FIG. 3,
strakes radome 12. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, thestrakes - By positioning the
strakes radome 22, instead of straight out from theradome 12, thestrakes radome 12, and are able to diffuse the wind flow, and prevent the development of vortices, such asvortices - During operation, a
strake strake strake - However, the
strake strake radome 12, with the added strake, decreases. Accordingly, the amount of wind load that theradome 12 is susceptible to also decreases. The deflection serves to retract the strake. - In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at wind speeds of approximately twenty miles per hour, and/or wind pressures of twelve and one-half psf, the
assembly finger elements strake radome 12. - In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a
strake radome 12 has openings/ports through which thefinger elements individual finger elements strake radome 12 with an adhesive. - In a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a
strake base 30 that is molded into the structure of theradome 12, or coupled to theradome 12 with a non-metallic hardware. In a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention, thestrake radome 12 with non-metallic hardware. It should be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that there may be various other methods for coupling thestrake radome 12. - The many features and advantages of the invention are apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of the invention which fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and variations will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.
Claims (24)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/283,202 US6726407B1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2002-10-30 | Retractable radome strake and method |
MXPA05004614A MXPA05004614A (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Retractable radome strake and method. |
EP03786545A EP1556554A4 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Retractable radome strake and method |
PCT/US2003/034293 WO2004042865A2 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Retractable radome strake and method |
CA002504458A CA2504458A1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Retractable radome strake and method |
US10/831,161 US20040258485A1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2004-04-26 | Retractable strake and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/283,202 US6726407B1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2002-10-30 | Retractable radome strake and method |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/831,161 Continuation-In-Part US20040258485A1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2004-04-26 | Retractable strake and method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US6726407B1 US6726407B1 (en) | 2004-04-27 |
US20040086340A1 true US20040086340A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
Family
ID=32107506
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/283,202 Expired - Fee Related US6726407B1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2002-10-30 | Retractable radome strake and method |
US10/831,161 Abandoned US20040258485A1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2004-04-26 | Retractable strake and method |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/831,161 Abandoned US20040258485A1 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2004-04-26 | Retractable strake and method |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6726407B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1556554A4 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2504458A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05004614A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004042865A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11594808B2 (en) * | 2020-05-01 | 2023-02-28 | Dish Wireless L.L.C. | Cellular antenna enclosures |
US11784387B2 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2023-10-10 | Dish Wireless L.L.C. | Multi-axis wind deflection radome |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6953308B1 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2005-10-11 | Deepwater Technologies, Inc. | Offshore platform stabilizing strakes |
US20090114001A1 (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2009-05-07 | Bernitsas Michael M | Enhancement of vortex induced forces and motion through surface roughness control |
GB2445751B (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2009-02-25 | Trelleborg Crp Ltd | Fairing |
CN102229224B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-05-14 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Forming die system of vortex-induced vibration suppression device in spiral strake form |
US10072437B1 (en) | 2017-07-07 | 2018-09-11 | Sabre Communications Corporation | Magnetic straking such as for utility or communications tower |
DE102019104285B4 (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2020-10-08 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Antenna housing with profile element to reduce wind load |
EP4143919A1 (en) * | 2020-05-01 | 2023-03-08 | CommScope Technologies LLC | Low wind-load antenna |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4347036A (en) * | 1978-03-09 | 1982-08-31 | Lee Arnold | Fluid energy converting method and apparatus |
US5901925A (en) * | 1996-08-28 | 1999-05-11 | Administrator, National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Serrated-planform lifting-surfaces |
US5986618A (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 1999-11-16 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Combined solar shield and antenna ground plane structure for an electrical assembly |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1036907A (en) * | 1911-09-20 | 1912-08-27 | Common Sense Pile Protector Company | Wooden-pile protector. |
US1199418A (en) * | 1915-05-27 | 1916-09-26 | James H Rand | Index-tab. |
US2949090A (en) * | 1955-02-18 | 1960-08-16 | Charles F Gerber | Weather-vane streamline fairing |
US3076533A (en) * | 1957-11-29 | 1963-02-05 | Nat Res Dev | Stabilisation of wind-excited structures |
US3073046A (en) * | 1959-08-19 | 1963-01-15 | John C Condon | Index tabs |
US3440991A (en) * | 1965-01-29 | 1969-04-29 | Us Navy | Hair faired cable |
US3472196A (en) * | 1968-01-17 | 1969-10-14 | Us Navy | Fairings for underwater cables,towlines and structural members |
US3975980A (en) * | 1974-08-21 | 1976-08-24 | Wall Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing faired article |
GB1530149A (en) * | 1975-12-19 | 1978-10-25 | Plessey Co Ltd | Hydrodynamic cable fairing |
US4084065A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1978-04-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Antistrumming cable |
US5275120A (en) * | 1992-09-23 | 1994-01-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Strum-suppressant cable for towed arrays |
JP3599412B2 (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 2004-12-08 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Overhead transmission line |
US5678504A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-10-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Negative lift device for tow cable fairing |
GB9710440D0 (en) * | 1997-05-22 | 1997-07-16 | Apex Tubulars Ltd | Improved marine riser |
GB2364557A (en) * | 2000-07-08 | 2002-01-30 | Allbrown Universal Components | A strake receptor for a pipe |
GB0027858D0 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2000-12-27 | Crp Group Ltd | Protection of underwater elongate members |
-
2002
- 2002-10-30 US US10/283,202 patent/US6726407B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-10-30 EP EP03786545A patent/EP1556554A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-30 CA CA002504458A patent/CA2504458A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-30 WO PCT/US2003/034293 patent/WO2004042865A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-10-30 MX MXPA05004614A patent/MXPA05004614A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2004
- 2004-04-26 US US10/831,161 patent/US20040258485A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4347036A (en) * | 1978-03-09 | 1982-08-31 | Lee Arnold | Fluid energy converting method and apparatus |
US5901925A (en) * | 1996-08-28 | 1999-05-11 | Administrator, National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Serrated-planform lifting-surfaces |
US5986618A (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 1999-11-16 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Combined solar shield and antenna ground plane structure for an electrical assembly |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11594808B2 (en) * | 2020-05-01 | 2023-02-28 | Dish Wireless L.L.C. | Cellular antenna enclosures |
US20230187817A1 (en) * | 2020-05-01 | 2023-06-15 | Dish Wireless L.L.C. | Cellular antenna enclosures |
US11967755B2 (en) * | 2020-05-01 | 2024-04-23 | Dish Wireless L.L.C. | Cellular antenna enclosures |
US11784387B2 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2023-10-10 | Dish Wireless L.L.C. | Multi-axis wind deflection radome |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2004042865A9 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
EP1556554A4 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
US6726407B1 (en) | 2004-04-27 |
WO2004042865A3 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
CA2504458A1 (en) | 2004-05-21 |
US20040258485A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
MXPA05004614A (en) | 2005-06-08 |
WO2004042865A2 (en) | 2004-05-21 |
EP1556554A2 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6726407B1 (en) | Retractable radome strake and method | |
US20210317822A1 (en) | Guyed Radio Mast | |
ES2796113T3 (en) | Floating body apparatus to suppress tower body vibration | |
CN110392782B (en) | Building structure with means for reducing induced vibrations | |
US8253265B2 (en) | Power-augmenting shroud for energy-producing turbines | |
CN102202964A (en) | Systems and methods for protecting a wind turbine in high wind conditions | |
US20240195042A1 (en) | Low wind-load antenna | |
WO2019047486A1 (en) | Streamlined body and apparatus for suppressing vibration of exterior-enclosed construction, and method for hoisting tower barrel | |
CN102510947A (en) | Telecom tower vertical axis wind turbines | |
CN107461304A (en) | Surrounding body and equipment for inhibiting vibration of enclosure structure and method for hoisting tower drum | |
CN113471657A (en) | Antenna device | |
US20120207605A1 (en) | Blade assembly for a wind turbine | |
CN110847674B (en) | Breeze vibration energy consumption suppression device for rod piece of service steel pipe tower | |
EP4202208A1 (en) | A wind turbine tower with a plurality of vortex generators | |
CN110925143B (en) | Wind turbine with a circular or conical tower structure and passive fluid control means and use of such a circular tower structure | |
CN215487394U (en) | Self-anchored vibration damping cable with flexible tower mast structure | |
US4193234A (en) | Stabilizing of structures | |
US9926914B2 (en) | Method and system of extracting energy from wind | |
CN203230543U (en) | Offshore wind power turbine provided with wave run-up baffle plates | |
RU2095624C1 (en) | Wind-power plant tower | |
CN104411888B (en) | Including cable and the structural texture of one or more strake and tension element | |
KR200452179Y1 (en) | Apparatus for warning aircraft obstructions | |
SU1196460A1 (en) | Tower-like structure | |
CN113463782A (en) | Turbulent flow block and vortex-induced vibration suppression device | |
DK201870610A1 (en) | Wind turbine having a circular tower structure with passive flow control means and use of such circular tower structure |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SPX CORPORATION, NORTH CAROLINA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:STEINKAMP, JEFFREY H.;BUTTS, JAMES F.;REEL/FRAME:014037/0767;SIGNING DATES FROM 20021114 TO 20030424 |
|
CC | Certificate of correction | ||
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GS DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, NORTH CAROLINA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SPX CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:015621/0415 Effective date: 20041230 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GSLE SUBOO L.L.C., NORTH CAROLINA Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:GS DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:016182/0073 Effective date: 20041231 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
FP | Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20120427 |