US20040009657A1 - Structures to mechanically stabilize isolated top-level metal lines - Google Patents
Structures to mechanically stabilize isolated top-level metal lines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20040009657A1 US20040009657A1 US10/600,947 US60094703A US2004009657A1 US 20040009657 A1 US20040009657 A1 US 20040009657A1 US 60094703 A US60094703 A US 60094703A US 2004009657 A1 US2004009657 A1 US 2004009657A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- signal line
- protective structure
- structures
- patterning
- interconnection metallization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 31
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium tungsten Chemical compound [Ti].[W] MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/562—Protection against mechanical damage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
- H01L23/525—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body with adaptable interconnections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the invention relates to semiconductor devices and circuit fabrication. More specifically, the invention relates to integrated circuits that include structures to protect the integrated circuits against various types of damages.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of die 100 .
- Die 100 includes die active area 102 . Near edges 106 of die active area 102 are small isolated metal interconnect lines (interconnection metallization) 104 formed in the top metal layer also known as the terminal metal layer.
- the metal interconnect lines typically route signals on die 100 .
- One current integrated circuit chip technology utilizes up to five layers of interconnect, referenced by M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5. In such a scheme, the terminal metal layer is M5.
- Lines 104 are portions of signal lines that are routed in lower layers of metal (not shown) found beneath terminal metal layer M5. Lines 104 have been shown to fail mechanically when the dies are packaged or when the packaged dies are subjected to temperature cycling during reliability testing. It is desired to protect the above-mentioned lines against the agents that damage these lines.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of a typical prior art die.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a die with protective structures according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a cross sectional view through the die illustrated in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the invention where the top metal layer lines are wider than underlying metal lines.
- the invention provides in one embodiment thereof an integrated circuit.
- the integrated circuit includes a substrate and a first interconnection metallization or metal layer formed upon the substrate.
- the integrated circuit further includes a second interconnection metallization or metal layer formed upon the first metal layer.
- the second metal layer has formed therein at least one signal line coupled to the first metal layer.
- the second metal layer has formed therein at least one protective structure that surrounds the at least one signal line.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of die 200 of an integrated circuit (e.g., chip or die) that has a terminal interconnection metallization or metal layer (e.g., M5 layer) in which are formed protective structures 206 , 208 , and 210 .
- the protective structures surround isolated signal line 204 formed out of the terminal metallization or metal layer and absorb the forces exerted at the surface of the die.
- a suitable material for the terminal interconnection metallization or metal layer is a metal material of, for example, elemental metal or a metal alloy. Aluminum and copper and their alloys are examples of suitable terminal metal.
- protective structures 206 , 208 and 210 surround signal line 204 , with signal line 208 surrounding signal line 210 and signal line 206 surrounding signal line 208 as shown in FIG. 2.
- structures 206 , 208 , and 210 are continuous structures (closed loops) that surround at 360 degrees signal line 204 to protect signal line 204 from forces that may be exerted from various directions.
- the structures are rectangular in form.
- each structure 206 , 208 , and 210 has a width on the order of 2-15 microns with the space between (i.e., separating) structures 206 , 208 , and 210 approximately 2 microns according to a current design rule.
- the similar design rule example dictates a spacing between signal line 204 and structure 210 of approximately 2 microns.
- Structures 206 , 208 , and 210 are formed, in one embodiment, in the terminal metallization layer through patterning techniques commensurate with patterning the terminal metallization layer (e.g., M5).
- a blanket metallization of a metal material is introduced over the substrate and patterned by, for example, etching through a mask to define structures 206 , 208 , and 210 and signal line 204 .
- the multiplicity of structures 206 , 208 , and 210 serve, in one aspect, the objective that if the outer structure, say structure 206 , breaks, there are other remaining structures 208 and 210 in place capable of protecting signal lines 204 by absorbing the forces exerted on the integrated circuit (e.g., chip or die).
- structures 206 , 208 , and 210 may be coupled to the lower supply rail (ground).
- structures 206 , 208 , and 210 are coupled together to the higher supply rail (V CC ). Coupling the structures to V CC or ground serves to reduce stray charges that may build up on structures 206 , 208 , and 210 thereby minimizing the capacitive impact that may be introduced by structures 206 , 208 and 210 .
- FIG. 3 illustrates a cross sectional view taken through line A-A of FIG. 2.
- the terminal interconnection metallization or metal line (e.g., metal layer M5) includes signal line 204 surrounded by protective structures 206 , 208 , and 210 .
- FIG. 3 also shows contact structure 206 coupled by way of vias or contact plugs and landing pads to substrate 230 , such as a silicon substrate.
- Landing pads 225 A, 225 B, 225 C, and 225 D are patterned in their respective metallization layers M4, M3, M2, and M1 to provide conductive coupling points for vias or contact plugs 227 A, 227 B, 227 C, and 227 D.
- Contact plug 227 E couples structure 206 to contact point 229 of substrate 230 that may be coupled, for example, to the lower or higher supply rail. Similar configurations can be implemented for contact structures 208 and 210 either isolated individually or sharing landing pads and the contact print with structure 206 . It is to be appreciated that the landing pads and vias or contact plugs are generally surrounded by dielectric material.
- the terminal interconnection metallization and metal structures are formed by standard processes including patterning the metal structures, etching the metal, etc.
- a passivation layer including hard passivation layer 212 of, for example, silicon nitride, and soft passivation layer 213 of, for example, a polyimide is introduced conformally over the terminal metal structures.
- essentially sacrificial structures were illustrated surrounding a terminal signal line. It is to be appreciated that such structures can have a variety of configurations and may vary in number depending on design.
- the structures are incorporated into a terminal metallization layer, in one measure, to protect the terminal signal line(s). The actual/degree of protection and thus incorporation and design of such structures will be dictated, in large part, on design rules including available area and cost.
- FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the invention where terminal interconnection metallization signal line 404 is protected against damaging agents by making it wider.
- the larger width of these lines generally enhances the stability of these lines.
- interconnection metallization signal line 404 in the terminal metallization layer e.g., M5
- interconnection metallization signal lines formed in inferior layers e.g., M4, M3, etc.
- signal line 404 is wide enough to completely cover vias or contact plugs 405 .
- signal line 404 may have, in one embodiment, a width of approximately 2.5 microns.
- the additional width provides additional volume and surface area of the terminal metal signal line provides improved strength and durability thus improving its resistance to damage by external forces.
Abstract
A method is described for providing protective structure to protect integrated circuits against various types of damages. The method includes patterning a signal line from a metal material as a terminal conductive layer of an integrated circuit die, patterning a first protective structure to surround the signal line, and patterning a second protective structure to surround the first protective structure.
Description
- The present application is a divisional application of U.S. Ser. No. 09/464,058, filed Dec. 15, 1999, currently pending.
- The invention relates to semiconductor devices and circuit fabrication. More specifically, the invention relates to integrated circuits that include structures to protect the integrated circuits against various types of damages.
- Often semiconductor dies are subjected to mechanical agents (forces) that are likely to damage the dies. Some of these forces are surface forces that may arise, for example, when semiconductor dies are packaged. Moreover, packages, which are not completely rigid, transmit some of the external forces to the die. These forces cause delamination of various structures located at the top of the dies such as soft and hard passivation layers as well as top layer metal lines. Delamination allows moisture and other impurities to penetrate the semiconductor die.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of die100. Die 100 includes die
active area 102. Nearedges 106 of dieactive area 102 are small isolated metal interconnect lines (interconnection metallization) 104 formed in the top metal layer also known as the terminal metal layer. The metal interconnect lines typically route signals on die 100. One current integrated circuit chip technology utilizes up to five layers of interconnect, referenced by M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5. In such a scheme, the terminal metal layer is M5.Lines 104 are portions of signal lines that are routed in lower layers of metal (not shown) found beneath terminal metal layer M5.Lines 104 have been shown to fail mechanically when the dies are packaged or when the packaged dies are subjected to temperature cycling during reliability testing. It is desired to protect the above-mentioned lines against the agents that damage these lines. - The features, aspects, and advantages of the invention will become more fully apparent from the following Detailed Description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings in which:
- FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of a typical prior art die.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a die with protective structures according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a cross sectional view through the die illustrated in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the invention where the top metal layer lines are wider than underlying metal lines.
- In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, one having ordinary skill in the art should recognize that the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known circuits, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail to avoid obscuring the invention.
- The invention provides in one embodiment thereof an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit includes a substrate and a first interconnection metallization or metal layer formed upon the substrate. The integrated circuit further includes a second interconnection metallization or metal layer formed upon the first metal layer. The second metal layer has formed therein at least one signal line coupled to the first metal layer. The second metal layer has formed therein at least one protective structure that surrounds the at least one signal line.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of die200 of an integrated circuit (e.g., chip or die) that has a terminal interconnection metallization or metal layer (e.g., M5 layer) in which are formed
protective structures signal line 204 formed out of the terminal metallization or metal layer and absorb the forces exerted at the surface of the die. A suitable material for the terminal interconnection metallization or metal layer is a metal material of, for example, elemental metal or a metal alloy. Aluminum and copper and their alloys are examples of suitable terminal metal. In one embodiment,protective structures surround signal line 204, withsignal line 208 surroundingsignal line 210 andsignal line 206 surroundingsignal line 208 as shown in FIG. 2. - In one
embodiment structures degrees signal line 204 to protectsignal line 204 from forces that may be exerted from various directions. In FIG. 2, the structures are rectangular in form. In one embodiment, eachstructure structures signal line 204 andstructure 210 of approximately 2 microns.Structures structures signal line 204. - The multiplicity of
structures structure 206, breaks, there are otherremaining structures signal lines 204 by absorbing the forces exerted on the integrated circuit (e.g., chip or die). In oneembodiment structures structures structures structures - FIG. 3 illustrates a cross sectional view taken through line A-A of FIG. 2. In this illustration, the terminal interconnection metallization or metal line (e.g., metal layer M5) includes
signal line 204 surrounded byprotective structures signal line 204 there are two interconnection metallization or metal four (M4)structures line 204 by way of vias orcontact plugs - FIG. 3 also shows
contact structure 206 coupled by way of vias or contact plugs and landing pads tosubstrate 230, such as a silicon substrate.Landing pads contact plugs plug 227 E couples structure 206 tocontact point 229 ofsubstrate 230 that may be coupled, for example, to the lower or higher supply rail. Similar configurations can be implemented forcontact structures structure 206. It is to be appreciated that the landing pads and vias or contact plugs are generally surrounded by dielectric material. - As noted above, the terminal interconnection metallization and metal structures (
signal line 204 andstructures hard passivation layer 212 of, for example, silicon nitride, andsoft passivation layer 213 of, for example, a polyimide is introduced conformally over the terminal metal structures. - In the above embodiment, essentially sacrificial structures were illustrated surrounding a terminal signal line. It is to be appreciated that such structures can have a variety of configurations and may vary in number depending on design. The structures are incorporated into a terminal metallization layer, in one measure, to protect the terminal signal line(s). The actual/degree of protection and thus incorporation and design of such structures will be dictated, in large part, on design rules including available area and cost.
- FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the invention where terminal interconnection
metallization signal line 404 is protected against damaging agents by making it wider. The larger width of these lines generally enhances the stability of these lines. In one aspect, interconnectionmetallization signal line 404 in the terminal metallization layer (e.g., M5) is much wider than a corresponding width of interconnection metallization signal lines formed in inferior layers (e.g., M4, M3, etc.). In the example shown in FIG. 4,signal line 404 is wide enough to completely cover vias or contact plugs 405. Using a current design rule where the thickness of a typical interconnection metallization or metal signal line (e.g., M4, M3, etc.) is approximately 2 microns,signal line 404 may have, in one embodiment, a width of approximately 2.5 microns. The additional width provides additional volume and surface area of the terminal metal signal line provides improved strength and durability thus improving its resistance to damage by external forces. - In the previous detailed description, the invention is described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the claims. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restriction sense.
Claims (10)
1. A method comprising:
patterning a signal line from a metal material as a terminal conductive layer of an integrated circuit die;
patterning a first protective structure to surround the signal line; and
patterning a second protective structure to surround the first protective structure.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
patterning the first protective structure as a continuous structure to enclose the signal line.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
patterning the first and second protective structures to one of a low rail supply line and a high rail supply line.
4. A method comprising:
forming a first interconnection metallization layer on a substrate;
forming a second interconnection metallization layer on the first interconnection metallization layer;
forming at least one signal line coupled to the first interconnection metallization layer in the second interconnection metallization;
forming at least one protective structure that surrounds the at least one signal line in the second interconnection metallization layer.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the forming at least one protective structure that surrounds the at least one signal line comprises using a continuous loop-like shape protective structure to enclose the signal line.
6. The method of claim 4 , further comprising coupling the at least one protective structure to a low rail supply voltage.
7. The method of claim 4 , further comprising coupling the at least one protective structure to a high rail supply voltage.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the at least one protective structure is spaced from the signal line at approximately 2 microns.
9. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first interconnection metallization layer has a first volume and the second interconnection metallization layer has a second volume greater than the first volume.
10. The method of claim 4 , wherein the forming at least one protective structure comprises forming a plurality of protective structures (PSi) for i=1 . . . N, a first protective structure PSi surrounding the signal line, each protective structure PS1 surrounding a previous protective structure PSi-1.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/600,947 US20040009657A1 (en) | 1999-12-15 | 2003-06-20 | Structures to mechanically stabilize isolated top-level metal lines |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/464,058 US6614118B1 (en) | 1999-12-15 | 1999-12-15 | Structures to mechanically stabilize isolated top-level metal lines |
US10/600,947 US20040009657A1 (en) | 1999-12-15 | 2003-06-20 | Structures to mechanically stabilize isolated top-level metal lines |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/464,058 Division US6614118B1 (en) | 1999-12-15 | 1999-12-15 | Structures to mechanically stabilize isolated top-level metal lines |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20040009657A1 true US20040009657A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
Family
ID=27766317
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/464,058 Expired - Lifetime US6614118B1 (en) | 1999-12-15 | 1999-12-15 | Structures to mechanically stabilize isolated top-level metal lines |
US10/600,947 Abandoned US20040009657A1 (en) | 1999-12-15 | 2003-06-20 | Structures to mechanically stabilize isolated top-level metal lines |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/464,058 Expired - Lifetime US6614118B1 (en) | 1999-12-15 | 1999-12-15 | Structures to mechanically stabilize isolated top-level metal lines |
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US (2) | US6614118B1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4841354A (en) * | 1982-09-24 | 1989-06-20 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Electronic device with peripheral protective electrode |
US5475255A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1995-12-12 | Motorola Inc. | Circuit die having improved substrate noise isolation |
US6078068A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-06-20 | Adaptec, Inc. | Electrostatic discharge protection bus/die edge seal |
US6137155A (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2000-10-24 | Intel Corporation | Planar guard ring |
-
1999
- 1999-12-15 US US09/464,058 patent/US6614118B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-06-20 US US10/600,947 patent/US20040009657A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4841354A (en) * | 1982-09-24 | 1989-06-20 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Electronic device with peripheral protective electrode |
US5475255A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1995-12-12 | Motorola Inc. | Circuit die having improved substrate noise isolation |
US6137155A (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2000-10-24 | Intel Corporation | Planar guard ring |
US6078068A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-06-20 | Adaptec, Inc. | Electrostatic discharge protection bus/die edge seal |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US6614118B1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
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Legal Events
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |