US20030226635A1 - Aeroslide bearing cylinder - Google Patents
Aeroslide bearing cylinder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030226635A1 US20030226635A1 US10/165,237 US16523702A US2003226635A1 US 20030226635 A1 US20030226635 A1 US 20030226635A1 US 16523702 A US16523702 A US 16523702A US 2003226635 A1 US2003226635 A1 US 2003226635A1
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- Prior art keywords
- mandrel
- resin material
- filament
- resin
- bearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
- B29C70/323—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core on the inner surface of a rotating mould
- B29C70/326—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core on the inner surface of a rotating mould by rotating the mould around its axis of symmetry
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/02—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising combinations of reinforcements, e.g. non-specified reinforcements, fibrous reinforcing inserts and fillers, e.g. particulate fillers, incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers and with or without non-reinforced or non-filled layers
- B29C70/021—Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material
- B29C70/025—Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material with particular filler
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a general shape other than plane
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
- F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
- F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
- F04B53/166—Cylinder liners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0087—Wear resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
- B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/101—Glass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/402—Coloured
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/414—Translucent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/748—Releasability
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
- F04B2201/02—Piston parameters
- F04B2201/0201—Position of the piston
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
- F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
- F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
- F05C2203/0886—Silica
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
- F05C2253/16—Fibres
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
- F05C2253/20—Resin
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
- F05C2253/22—Reinforcements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/131—Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]
- Y10T428/1314—Contains fabric, fiber particle, or filament made of glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide, or metal carbide or other inorganic compound [e.g., fiber glass, mineral fiber, sand, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1369—Fiber or fibers wound around each other or into a self-sustaining shape [e.g., yarn, braid, fibers shaped around a core, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
A composite bearing cylinder includes an inner bearing surface having a resin matrix with fumed silica therein and having a filament material helically embedded in the resin matrix, a layer of the resin matrix being located at the inner bearing surface, the fumed silica in the resin matrix thereby contributing to the wear resistance of the inner bearing surface.
Description
- 1Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to bearing members, and, in particular, cylinders have an inner bearing surface, and relates to a method of making such a cylinder.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- Cylinders having an inner bearing surface are well known in the art for use in hydraulic applications. Such cylinders have typically been made of, e.g., aluminum or steel.
- Potential seal wear is a significant issue to consider with respect to cylinders. As discussed in “Variseal Design Guide” by American Variseal, two characteristics account for a majority of dry-contact friction between mating parts: adhesion and interlocking. As the area of contact between two surfaces increases, adhesion therebetween can also increase. Consequently, a smoother surface finish tends to promote greater contact and, thus, greater adhesion between adjoining surfaces.
- Interlocking, conversely, is a product of the presence of surface irregularities on at least one of two adjoining surfaces, the peaks of such irregularities tending to shear when another surface is slid thereover. When a hard, rough surface is engaged with a softer material the peaks of the harder material tend to penetrate into the surface of the softer material, resulting in interlocking friction therebetween. Thus, to minimize friction, adjoining surfaces should be smooth enough so as to have little or no surface irregulaties to reduce the potential for interlocking therebetween yet not be so smooth so as to significantly promote adhesion therebetween.
- Current technology employs a gel coat to provide a smooth bore surface in composite pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders. However, there are various drawbacks associated with the use of such a gel coat. First, since such a gel coat is usually applied via spraying, volatile matter is typically a by-product that must be accounted for and cost becomes a concern as spraying processes can be expensive, especially if volatile matter need be recovered. Furthermore, gel-coated bores tend to have a significant coefficient of friction associated therewith, even though lower than that of untreated bores. Additionally, tests have shown after being exposed to a high number of cyclings (e.g., 1 million), gel-coated cycles can have a considerable amount of fairly hard, gum-like material developed in the seal region. Other tests have shown that after even 100,000 cycles, a gel coat on a bore can show signs of cracking and blistering.
- What is needed in the art is a bearing cylinder with an optimized inner bore finish that is both as rough and hard (i.e., wear resistant) as possible, and that will not “dig” into any adjoining part while still meeting maximum leakage and wear requirements.
- The present invention relates to a composite bearing cylinder with an inner bearing surface having a resin matrix with fumed silica therein and having a filament material helically embedded in the resin matrix, a layer of the resin matrix being located at the inner bearing surface, the fumed silica in the resin matrix thereby contributing to the wear resistance of the inner bearing surface.
- The invention comprises, in one form thereof, a composite bearing cylinder having an inner bearing surface. The composite bearing cylinder includes a resin matrix and a substantially continuous filament material embedded therewithin. The resin matrix is composed of a resin material having fumed silica therein. A layer of the resin material is located at the inner bearing surface.
- The present invention comprises, in another form thereof, a method of producing a bearing cylinder having an internal bearing surface. The method includes the steps of providing a mandrel and providing a source of a resin material. The resin material has fumed silica therewithin. The resin material is applied on the mandrel, thereby resulting in a resin-covered mandrel. A source of continuous filamaent material is provided. An amount of the continuous filament material is wound on the resin-covered mandrel to form a circumferential filament layer on the mandrel. A first portion of the resin material forms a bearing layer between the mandrel and the circumferential filament layer. A second portion of the resin material squeezes around the continuous filament material. The bearing layer has a wear resistance imparted thereto due to the fumed silica within the resin material. The resin material is cured after the winding step to thereby form a filament-wound bearing cylinder around the mandrel. The mandrel is removed from within the filament-wound bearing cylinder.
- An advantage of the present invention is that the film of the resin material that remains at the inner bearing surface is highly wear resistant due to the presence of fumed silica (about 8%, by weight) therein.
- Another advantage is that fumed silica has thixotropic properties that cause it to promote the filling of any potential hair line cracks that may form in the bore surfaces of larger cylinders (1.5″ diameter and above).
- A further advantage is that fumed silica has the ability to reinforce and/or increase the cohesive strength of a solid system at additions of about 2 to 5%.
- A yet further advantage is that the resin paste system offers substantial versatility, permitting the incorporation of other materials (such as polytetrafluoroethylene to lower friction and fine ground silica for increasing hardness) that enhance the performance properties of the inner bore surface of the cylinder.
- An even yet further advantage is the inner bore surface of the cylinder has decreased adhesion friction and minimal, if any, interlocking friction associated therewithin, allowing for a surface finish of 25μ in Ra or greater.
- An even further advantage is that the round/hard glass fiber windings, located at or near the inner bore surface and oriented transversely to the cylinder axis (and thus to the primary direction of movement of a part within the cylinders), allow a moving part within the bearing cylinder to “slide over” a round surface of a given glass-fiber winding.
- An additional advantage is that no machining and/or grinding of the inner bore surface of the bearing cylinder is required, obviating the potential for tool mark creation therein.
- A yet additional advantage is that the composite bearing cylinder is versatile in that it can be used in hydraulic situations where the hydraulic fluid is not oil but some other (even corrosive) fluid such as water and in that it can be designed to operate at pressures of at least 3000 psig.
- An even further advantage is that the bearing cylinder is composed of dielectric materials, thereby permitting a less costly magnetized piston to be easily used in position sensing devices.
- A yet additional advantage is that the bearing cylinder can be made to almost any color or can be made to be at least partially translucent. By being made at least partially translucent, visual positioning observance and/or optical sensing is facilitated.
- An even yet further advantage is that, if for some reason the pressure exceeds the operating pressure and approaches the burst pressure, the bearing cylinder will normally allow fluid to weep through the wall at approximately 80% of the burst pressure, therefore potentially preventing catastrophic failure.
- The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and the invention will be better understood by reference to the following description of an embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
- FIG. 1 is a partial, cross-sectional view of a piston operatively contacting a portion of an embodiment of the composite cylinder bearing of the present invention;
- FIGS.2-4 illustrate a series of steps used in producing the composite cylinder bearing of the present invention; and
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a completed composite cylinder bearing produced by employing the steps illustrated in FIGS.2-4.
- Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. The exemplification set out herein illustrates one preferred embodiment of the invention, in one form, and such exemplification is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any manner.
- Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. 1, there is shown an AeroSlide composite bearing
cylinder 10 having an inner bearingsurface 12.Composite bearing cylinder 10 generally includes aresin matrix 14 with acontinuous filament material 16 and, optionally, a plurality ofparticulate additives 18 embedded therein. -
Resin matrix 14 is composed of a resin material having fumed silica (commonly sold under the trade name “Cab-O-Sil”) therein. Advantageously, 2% to 10% (by weight) thereof is employed with about 8% fumed silica being preferred. An inner bearing layer 20 ofresin matrix 14 exists at inner bearingsurface 12, thereby greatly, due to the hardness imparted thereto by the fumed silica present therein, increasing the wear properties thereof. The resin material may be made to be either translucent or colored, as desired. Translucence permits optical monitoring of the operation ofpiston 22 within composite bearingcylinder 10, while coloring possibly improves the aesthetic quality thereof. -
Continuous filament material 16 is helically embedded withinresin matrix 14 to thereby add to the toughness (i.e., durability) ofcomposite bearing cylinder 10.Composite bearing cylinder 10 is configured for operatively receiving apiston 22 therein,piston 22 being capable of moving apiston movement direction 24. To accommodate such movement ofpiston 22,composite bearing cylinder 10 has an associatedprimary bearing direction 26 that is parallel topiston movement direction 24.Continuous filament material 16 is wound so to form a plurality offilament windings 26 that are substantially perpendicular toprimary bearing direction 26. - Advantageously,
filament windings 26 each have around filament cross-section 28, thereby forming a series of rounded filament surfaces 32 at or nearinner bearing surface 12. Inner bearing layer 20 ofresin matrix 14 and the series of rounded filament surfaces 32 at or nearinner bearing surface 12 together actually define the totality ofinner bearing surface 12. Rounded filament surfaces 32 promote the ease of passage ofpiston 22 overinner bearing surface 12 and thereby aid in friction reduction. In fact, the combination of the fumed silica inresin matrix 14 and rounded filament surfaces 32 permits the surface finish ofinner bearing surface 12 to be an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of about 25 μin or greater, whereas normal metallic or gel coated cylinders specify an Ra of less than 10 μin. - Advantageously,
continuous filament material 16 is a fiberglass material. Fiberglass offers advantages of good hardness, generally good durability, a round cross-section and translucency. Translucence can be desirable in a situation when it is desirable to optically monitor the operation ofpiston 22 withincomposite bearing cylinder 10. Conversely, fiberglass composite is a material that can be readily colored to a variety of different colors and shades, thereby permittingcomposite bearing cylinder 10 to instead be colored, if desired. - Some possible choices for
particulate additives 18 are polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), glass beads, fine ground silica, etc. or a combination thereof. PTFE, commonly sold under the trade mark “Teflon”, helps reduce friction. Glass beads each offer a rounded surface (i.e., reduced friction) and good hardness (i.e., increased wear resistance). Fine ground silica helps increase hardness. - FIGS.2-5 together illustrate various steps in the production of
composite bearing cylinder 10, including a perspective view of the finished product (FIG. 5). As set forth in FIG. 2, a highlypolished mandrel 34 is provided to act as a mold forinner bearing surface 12.Mandrel 34 advantageously has an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of no more than about 10 μin. To help achieve the desired level of roughness and promote easy release thereof from the finished product,mandrel 34 is chrome plated. - To further aid in the release thereof from the finished product,
mandrel 34, as shown in FIG. 1, is desirably initially coated with arelease agent 36 supplied by a release agent applicator 38 (shown schematically). Additives can be provided withinrelease agent 36 that will adhere toinner bearing surface 12 and ultimately help reduce the friction associated therewith. PTFE can, for example, be used as such an additive. - In FIG. 3, a
resin source 40 of anappropriate resin material 42 and an associatedresin applicator 44 are provided.Resin applicator 44 is advantageously a trowel applicator, permitting the application of a controlled, even thickness ofresin material 42 onmandrel 34.Resin material 42 is applied, desirably in a form of a paste, uponmandrel 34.Resin material 42 is troweled substantially evenly overentire mandrel 34, preferably to a thickness of about ⅛ inch. - As illustrated in FIG. 4, a
filament source 46 ofcontinuous filament material 16 is supplied and via whichfilament windings 26 that are formed substantially transversely ofprimary bearing direction 26. (Mandrel 34 could be rotatably driven, as schematically shown viaarrow 48, to promote the winding ofcontinuous filament material 16 thereon.)Filament windings 26 displace and otherwise become embedded inresin material 42 during this step. After a suitable number offilament windings 26 have been formed along the entire length ofmandrel 34 inresin material 42,continuous filament material 16 is cut (not shown) and, desirably,excess resin material 42 is wiped (not shown) from the outside of now-formedcomposite bearing cylinder 10 beforeresin material 42 has an opportunity to cure. - Once
resin material 42 cures,mandrel 34 is then removed fromcomposite bearing cylinder 10 to reveal the finished product shown in FIG. 5. - While this invention has been described as having a preferred design, the present invention can be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. A composite bearing cylinder having an inner bearing surface, said composite bearing cylinder comprising:
a resin matrix composed of a resin material having fumed silica therein, an inner bearing layer of said resin material being located at said inner bearing surface; and
a substantially continuous filament material circumferentially embedded within said resin matrix.
2. The composite bearing cylinder of claim 1 , wherein said resin material includes between about 2% (by weight) to about 10% of said fumed silica.
3. The composite bearing cylinder of claim 1 , wherein said resin matrix further contains a plurality of particulate additives, said particulate additives being at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, glass beads and fine ground silica therein.
4. A method of producing a bearing cylinder having an inner bearing surface, said method comprising the steps of:
providing a mandrel;
providing a source of a resin material, said resin material having fumed silica therewithin;
applying said resin material on said mandrel thereby resulting in a resin-covered mandrel;
providing a source of continuous filament material;
winding an amount of said continuous filament material on said resin-covered mandrel to form a circumferential filament layer on said mandrel, a first portion of said resin material forming a bearing layer between said mandrel and said circumferential filament layer, a second portion of said resin material squeezing around said continuous filament material, said bearing layer having a wear resistance imparted thereto due to said fumed silica within said resin material;
curing said resin material after said winding step to thereby form a filament-wound bearing cylinder around said mandrel; and
removing said mandrel from within said filament-wound bearing cylinder.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said mandrel is highly polished.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said mandrel has an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of no more than about 10 μin.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein said mandrel is chrome plated.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein said resin material contains between about 2% (by weight) and about 10% of fumed silica.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said resin material contains about 8% (by weight) fumed silica.
10. The method of claim 4 , wherein said resin material further contains at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, glass beads and fine ground silica.
11. The method of claim 4 , wherein said resin material is applied in a form of a paste upon said mandrel.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein said paste is troweled substantially evenly over the entire said mandrel.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein said paste is applied so as to be about ⅛ inch thick.
14. The method of claim 4 , wherein said continuous filament material is fiberglass.
15. The method of claim 4 , wherein said continuous filament material is round, thereby forming a series of rounded surfaces one of at and near said bearing layer, said bearing layer and said a series of rounded surfaces one of at and near said bearing layer together defining an inner bearing surface of said filament-wound bearing cylinder.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein said inner bearing surface can have an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of at least about 25 μin.
17. The method of claim 4 , wherein a coloring agent is used in at least one of said resin material and said continuous filament material, said filament-wound bearing cylinder thereby being colored.
18. The method of claim 4 , wherein said resin material and said continuous filament material are each at least partially translucent materials, said filament-wound bearing cylinder thereby being at least partially translucent.
19. The method of claim 4 , further comprising the step of applying a release agent to said mandrel prior to applying said resin material thereto.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein said release agent includes an additive capable of reducing a coefficient of friction of said bearing layer.
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/165,237 US20030226635A1 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2002-06-07 | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
PCT/US2003/017784 WO2003103941A1 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2003-06-05 | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
AU2003237421A AU2003237421A1 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2003-06-05 | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
US11/566,535 US7278788B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2006-12-04 | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
US11/868,363 US7980762B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2007-10-05 | Hybrid bearing cylinder |
US12/032,017 US7931403B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2008-02-15 | Position sensing composite cylinder |
US12/557,048 US8317396B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2009-09-10 | Hybrid bearing cylinder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/165,237 US20030226635A1 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2002-06-07 | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/566,535 Continuation US7278788B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2006-12-04 | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20030226635A1 true US20030226635A1 (en) | 2003-12-11 |
Family
ID=29710393
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/165,237 Abandoned US20030226635A1 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2002-06-07 | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
US11/566,535 Expired - Lifetime US7278788B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2006-12-04 | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
US12/557,048 Expired - Fee Related US8317396B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2009-09-10 | Hybrid bearing cylinder |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/566,535 Expired - Lifetime US7278788B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2006-12-04 | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
US12/557,048 Expired - Fee Related US8317396B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2009-09-10 | Hybrid bearing cylinder |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20030226635A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003237421A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003103941A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080127804A1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-05 | Lashbrook Paul H | Composite High Tension Drum Shell and Banjo Rim |
WO2009046187A2 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Polygon Company | Hybrid bearing cylinder |
WO2010044062A1 (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-22 | Doublet | Retractable barrier |
US11530730B2 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2022-12-20 | Kyb Corporation | Seal member and shock absorber |
CN116972076A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-10-31 | 浙江涟屹轴承科技有限公司 | Winding machine shaft sleeve and processing technology thereof |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7931403B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2011-04-26 | Polygon Company | Position sensing composite cylinder |
US20030226635A1 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2003-12-11 | Fish Elson B. | Aeroslide bearing cylinder |
WO2008101158A2 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-21 | Polygon Company | Position sensing composite cylinder |
NZ561410A (en) * | 2007-09-11 | 2010-04-30 | Parker Hannifin Gmbh | End-fittings for composite tubes, method for joining fittings to the ends of composite tubes and composite tubes incorporating end-fittings |
DE102009011585A1 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-09 | Frank, Egon, Dr. | Component and method for its production |
US8701259B2 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2014-04-22 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Main shaft remanufacturing |
US20120141052A1 (en) | 2010-12-05 | 2012-06-07 | New Hampshire Ball Bearings, Inc. | Self lubricated bearing compositions and methods of making the same |
US9156059B2 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2015-10-13 | New Hampshire Ball Bearings, Inc. | Self-lubricating surface coating composition |
US11493063B1 (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-11-08 | Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Germany Gmbh | Lightweight composite actuator |
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US4138384A (en) * | 1977-04-07 | 1979-02-06 | The Dexter Corporation | Water-based container end sealing compositions |
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US20080127804A1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-05 | Lashbrook Paul H | Composite High Tension Drum Shell and Banjo Rim |
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US11530730B2 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2022-12-20 | Kyb Corporation | Seal member and shock absorber |
CN116972076A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-10-31 | 浙江涟屹轴承科技有限公司 | Winding machine shaft sleeve and processing technology thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003103941A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
US7278788B2 (en) | 2007-10-09 |
US8317396B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
AU2003237421A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
US20070087147A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
US20100031815A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
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Legal Events
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Owner name: POLYGON COMPANY, INDIANA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FISH, ELSON B.;LUBAK, STEVEN J.;REEL/FRAME:012917/0700 Effective date: 20020603 |
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