US20030206947A1 - Fast-release extrudates and process for their production, and preparations obtainable therefrom - Google Patents
Fast-release extrudates and process for their production, and preparations obtainable therefrom Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030206947A1 US20030206947A1 US10/409,953 US40995303A US2003206947A1 US 20030206947 A1 US20030206947 A1 US 20030206947A1 US 40995303 A US40995303 A US 40995303A US 2003206947 A1 US2003206947 A1 US 2003206947A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- extrudates
- active ingredient
- release
- weight
- hydroxypropylcellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013809 polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000523 polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920003113 low viscosity grade hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 10
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 5
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HYIMSNHJOBLJNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nifedipine Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC)C1C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O HYIMSNHJOBLJNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960001597 nifedipine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KIMRCJZMVARVSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclopentyl-2-[4-[(2,4-dimethylpyrido[2,3-b]indol-9-yl)methyl]phenyl]-n-(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)acetamide Chemical compound C12=NC(C)=CC(C)=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C(=O)NC(CO)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1CCCC1 KIMRCJZMVARVSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940021182 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- UIAGMCDKSXEBJQ-IBGZPJMESA-N 3-o-(2-methoxyethyl) 5-o-propan-2-yl (4s)-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COCCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC(C)C)[C@H]1C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 UIAGMCDKSXEBJQ-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005541 ACE inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003136 Eudragit® L polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003137 Eudragit® S polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940035676 analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940044094 angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000730 antalgic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003288 anthiarrhythmic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001088 anti-asthma Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003556 anti-epileptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002924 anti-infective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121363 anti-inflammatory agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002260 anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001857 anti-mycotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002785 anti-thrombosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003416 antiarrhythmic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000924 antiasthmatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001961 anticonvulsive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125682 antidementia agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003472 antidiabetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003965 antiepileptics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125715 antihistaminic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000739 antihistaminic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005475 antiinfective agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003524 antilipemic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003430 antimalarial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940033495 antimalarials Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002543 antimycotic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004676 antithrombotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002327 cardiovascular agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125692 cardiovascular agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000850 decongestant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124581 decongestants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002934 diuretic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940030606 diuretics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940126904 hypoglycaemic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000715 nimodipine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002664 nootropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036470 plasma concentration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- IMCGHZIGRANKHV-AJNGGQMLSA-N tert-butyl (3s,5s)-2-oxo-5-[(2s,4s)-5-oxo-4-propan-2-yloxolan-2-yl]-3-propan-2-ylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound O1C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)C[C@H]1[C@H]1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)C1 IMCGHZIGRANKHV-AJNGGQMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
- A61K9/2054—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/4353—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/437—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems the heterocyclic ring system containing a five-membered ring having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. indolizine, beta-carboline
Definitions
- the present invention relates to stable, fast-release melt extrudates comprising hydroxypropylcellulose of low viscosity and at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient and to a solvent-free process for their production, and to their use in the production of fast-release preparations.
- Extrusion processes are frequently used to produce corresponding preparations.
- the principle of melt extrusion has been known for a long time (Beckmann 1964).
- active ingredients and polymer are conveyed either simultaneously, without previous mixing, or as mixture, after previous mixing, in an extruder which has been heated so that the mixture becomes extrudable and the active ingredient is not degraded.
- hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) with a molecular weight of from 60 000 to 200 000 is described in the application WO 96/25149.
- the content of hydroxypropylcellulose in these preparations is from 10 to 30, preferably 20 to 30, % by weight.
- a further disadvantage is the difficulty of maintaining content uniformity, i.e. the uniformity of the preparations in relation to the amounts of active ingredient.
- One object of the present invention is to be regarded as being to provide fast-release, stable extrudates with good content uniformity and handleability for all types of active ingredients, in particular for slightly soluble active ingredients.
- the melt extrudates of the invention comprise hydroxypropylcellulose of low viscosity with an average molecular weight of from 30 000 to 100 000 and with a molar degree of substitution of at least 3 in an amount of at least 50% by weight, preferably 66% by weight, based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture, one or more active ingredients and, where appropriate, excipients.
- melt extrudates comprise hydroxypropylcellulose in an amount of at least 66% by weight based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture.
- the hydroxypropylcellulose preferably has an average molecular weight of from 55 000 to 70 000,
- the molar degree of substitution refers to the average number of moles of propylene oxide reacted per glucose unit in the cellulose.
- the present application also relates to preparations produced with use of the extrudates of the invention.
- Fast-release extrudates or preparations mean for the purposes of the invention those which release 80% of the active ingredient(s) within 60 min in the USP XXII paddle method.
- the extrudates or preparations of the invention display very rapid release and show a significant supersaturation. They are therefore particularly well suited for fast reaching of high plasma concentrations of active ingredient.
- the fast release can be controlled as required by varying the production parameters.
- the release of active ingredient is influenced, for example, by the concentration of active ingredient in the final product or by extrusion process parameters such as the screw geometry, the extrusion rate, the extrusion temperature, the diameter and surface area of the extrudate etc.
- the release rate is influenced in particular by the particle size of the extrudate.
- the release is influenced in particular by the content of disintegrant in the finished formulation.
- the extrudate or the preparation is administered orally.
- the extrudate of the invention is comminuted, for example ground to an average particle diameter of less than 0.5 mm, and packed into gelatin capsules or as sachets.
- the extrudate of the invention is, where appropriate in comminuted form, mixed with a disintegrant and, where appropriate, further excipients and processed to a single-unit dosage form.
- Disintegrants are substances which ensure rapid disintegration of the single-unit dosage form in aqueous solution, such as, for example, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP).
- PVPP crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone
- Single-unit dosage forms mean preparations which are administered as a single dose, for example tablets, coated tablets or capsules.
- the active ingredient to be used may be any drugs such as, for example, anti-infectives, cardiovascular agents, antimycotics, antidepressants, antidementia agents, antiepileptics, antiinflammatory agents, analgesics, antiasthmatics, antithrombotics, antitumor agents, antimalarials, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID), diuretics, antiarrhythmics, hypoglycemic agents, ACE inhibitors, sedatives, decongestants, antihistamines or lipid-lowering agents.
- drugs such as, for example, anti-infectives, cardiovascular agents, antimycotics, antidepressants, antidementia agents, antiepileptics, antiinflammatory agents, analgesics, antiasthmatics, antithrombotics, antitumor agents, antimalarials, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID), diuretics, antiarrhythmics, hypoglycemic agents, ACE inhibitors, sedatives, de
- the amount of active ingredient to be administered per dosage unit may be varied within wide limits depending on the nature of the drug and the release rate. Slightly soluble active ingredients are preferred, that is to say those which have a solubility of less than 1 g/100-1 000 g of solvent. A further possibility is to employ mixtures of drugs.
- the present invention further relates to a process for manufacturing the extrudates and preparations of the invention. This simple process requires only a conventional extruder and makes do without complicated manufacturing methods or solvents and plasticizers.
- a mixture of at least one active ingredient and hydroxypropylcellulose of low viscosity in an amount of at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 66% by weight, based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture and, where appropriate, further conventional pharmaceutical excipients is produced, and the mixture is passed through an extruder which has at the place where the product enters a temperature of from 20 to 40° C. and at the exit die or dies has a temperature of ⁇ 225° C., where the exit dies have a diameter of from 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably from 1 to 3 mm, and the extruded strands are comminuted after their emergence.
- the residence time of the mixture in the extruder depends on technical aspects of the process and may vary to a large degree. It is generally less than 3 min, preferably less than 1 min.
- the ingredients can be mixed before entry into the extruder or inside the latter. Premixing, that is to say mixing before entry, is preferred inter alia for reasons of the abovementioned content uniformity. Continuous operation of the extruder is likewise preferred.
- the viscosity is determined using a rotational viscometer in a known manner at 20° C. on a 2% strength aqueous solution; the low-viscosity celluloses of the present invention have viscosities of less than 400 cP.
- nifedipine 1 part by weight is mixed with 2 parts by weight of low-viscosity HPC (average MW 55 000-70 000). The mixture is processed in a twin screw extruder with an exit die having a diameter of 2 mm. The material is extruded at a die temperature of 170° C. The transparent extrudates are comminuted, and the fraction ( ⁇ 125 ⁇ m; 90 parts by weight) is mixed with 119 parts by weight of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPP) and then with magnesium stearate (1 part by weight) and tableted (30 mg of nifedipine per tablet).
- PVPP crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones
- nifedipine 1 part by weight of nifedipine is mixed with 2.5 parts by weight of low-viscosity HPC (average MW 55 000-70 000). The mixture is processed in a twin screw extruder with an exit die having a diameter of 2 mm. The material is extruded at a die temperature of 170° C. The transparent extrudates are comminuted, and the fraction ( ⁇ 125 ⁇ m; 105 parts by weight) is mixed with 135 parts by weight of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPP) and then with magnesium stearate (1.2 parts by weight) and tableted (30 mg of nifedipine per tablet).
- PVPP crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones
- the transparent extrudates are comminuted, and the fraction ( ⁇ 125 ⁇ m; 240 parts by weight) is mixed with 118.8 parts by weight of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPP) and then with magnesium stearate (1.2 parts by weight) and tableted (80 mg of (2S)-2-cyclopentyl-2-[4-(2,4-dimethylpyrido[2,3-b]indol-9-ylmethyl)phenyl]-N-(1R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)acetamide per tablet).
- PVPP crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones
- the transparent extrudates are comminuted, and the fraction ( ⁇ 125 ⁇ m; 240 parts by weight) is mixed with 118.8 parts by weight of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPP) and then with magnesium stearate (1.2 parts by weight) and tableted (80 mg of (2S)-2-cyclopentyl-2-[4-(2,4-dimethylpyrido[2,3-b]indol-9-ylmethyl)phenyl]-N-(1R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)acetamide per tablet).
- PVPP crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to stable quick-release extrudates that contain low-viscosity hydroxypropylcellulose and at least one active ingredient. This invention also relates to a method for preparing said extrudates without the use of solvents as well as to the use of said extrudates in the production of quick-release preparations.
Description
- The present invention relates to stable, fast-release melt extrudates comprising hydroxypropylcellulose of low viscosity and at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient and to a solvent-free process for their production, and to their use in the production of fast-release preparations.
- Accurate control of release of active ingredients from preparations is of great pharmaceutical importance. In use besides slow-release preparations and those with controlled release are fast-release preparations which ensure a rapid rise in the level of the active ingredient in the circulation in an acute pathological state.
- Extrusion processes are frequently used to produce corresponding preparations. The principle of melt extrusion has been known for a long time (Beckmann 1964). In the extrusion process, active ingredients and polymer are conveyed either simultaneously, without previous mixing, or as mixture, after previous mixing, in an extruder which has been heated so that the mixture becomes extrudable and the active ingredient is not degraded.
- In contrast to conventional coprecipitate methods, the use of solvents is unnecessary in this case: this is particularly important because, besides the economic aspects, the use of solvents leads to special technical problems such as prevention of explosions in the premises and equipment.
- The production of preparations with rapid release of active ingredient by melt extrusion of hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) with a molecular weight of from 60 000 to 200 000 is described in the application WO 96/25149. The content of hydroxypropylcellulose in these preparations is from 10 to 30, preferably 20 to 30, % by weight.
- Such low contents of polymer are disadvantageous from the pharmaceutical viewpoint because the resulting preparation is, especially on use of high-potency active ingredients, very small and thus difficult for the patient to handle, which considerably reduces patient compliance. Extending the preparation with fillers in turn increases the number of ingredients used and thus complicates the process. This is disadvantageous inter alia in relation to the compatibility of the fillers with the active ingredient in particular at elevated temperature during the extrusion.
- A further disadvantage is the difficulty of maintaining content uniformity, i.e. the uniformity of the preparations in relation to the amounts of active ingredient.
- One object of the present invention is to be regarded as being to provide fast-release, stable extrudates with good content uniformity and handleability for all types of active ingredients, in particular for slightly soluble active ingredients.
- It has now been found, surprisingly, that transparent melt extrudates with the desired fast release and high stability can be obtained in a simple manner with the specifically selected polymer hydroxypropylcellulose of low viscosity with an average molecular weight of from 30 000 to 100 000 and with a molar degree of substitution of at least 3 in an amount of at least 50% by weight, preferably 66% by weight, based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture in conjunction with amorphous active ingredients.
- The melt extrudates of the invention comprise hydroxypropylcellulose of low viscosity with an average molecular weight of from 30 000 to 100 000 and with a molar degree of substitution of at least 3 in an amount of at least 50% by weight, preferably 66% by weight, based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture, one or more active ingredients and, where appropriate, excipients.
- Preferred melt extrudates comprise hydroxypropylcellulose in an amount of at least 66% by weight based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture.
- The hydroxypropylcellulose preferably has an average molecular weight of from 55 000 to 70 000,
- The molar degree of substitution refers to the average number of moles of propylene oxide reacted per glucose unit in the cellulose.
- The present application also relates to preparations produced with use of the extrudates of the invention. Fast-release extrudates or preparations mean for the purposes of the invention those which release 80% of the active ingredient(s) within 60 min in the USP XXII paddle method. The extrudates or preparations of the invention display very rapid release and show a significant supersaturation. They are therefore particularly well suited for fast reaching of high plasma concentrations of active ingredient. The fast release can be controlled as required by varying the production parameters. The release of active ingredient is influenced, for example, by the concentration of active ingredient in the final product or by extrusion process parameters such as the screw geometry, the extrusion rate, the extrusion temperature, the diameter and surface area of the extrudate etc. The release rate is influenced in particular by the particle size of the extrudate. In single-unit dosage forms such as, for example, tablets, the release is influenced in particular by the content of disintegrant in the finished formulation.
- Fast release, but at different times, of the active ingredient on oral administration can be achieved by coating the extrudates or preparations in such a way that they release the active ingredient only in a particular region of the gastrointestinal tract, for example with Eudragit L or S. Coatings of this type are dissolved, for example, specifically at particular pH values and make release possible at the optimal site. It is possible in this way, for example, to protect acid-sensitive active ingredients until the appropriate absorption window is reached (see in this connection Chang, R., Pharmaceutical Technology, October 1990).
- It is also possible during the melt extrusion or during further processing, for example tableting, to use other conventional excipients which are conventional in pharmacy in the production of preparations and are known from the literature, such as, for example, magnesium stearate or masking flavors. None of these excipients is, however, necessary in order to achieve essentially the desired fast release of the drug.
- In a preferred embodiment, the extrudate or the preparation is administered orally. For this purpose, in one embodiment, the extrudate of the invention is comminuted, for example ground to an average particle diameter of less than 0.5 mm, and packed into gelatin capsules or as sachets.
- In a further embodiment, the extrudate of the invention is, where appropriate in comminuted form, mixed with a disintegrant and, where appropriate, further excipients and processed to a single-unit dosage form. Disintegrants are substances which ensure rapid disintegration of the single-unit dosage form in aqueous solution, such as, for example, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP). In this case it is preferred to use large amounts of disintegrant, that is to say more than 0.1 part by weight of disintegrant per 1 part of extrudate (active ingredient and HPC).
- Single-unit dosage forms mean preparations which are administered as a single dose, for example tablets, coated tablets or capsules.
- It is further possible in this way to produce combination products which comprise in a single-unit dosage form contents of different active ingredient-containing extrudates: thus, it is possible to use different active ingredients but also different extrudates differing in release profile in order to control accurately active ingredient contents in the circulation over time.
- The active ingredient to be used may be any drugs such as, for example, anti-infectives, cardiovascular agents, antimycotics, antidepressants, antidementia agents, antiepileptics, antiinflammatory agents, analgesics, antiasthmatics, antithrombotics, antitumor agents, antimalarials, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID), diuretics, antiarrhythmics, hypoglycemic agents, ACE inhibitors, sedatives, decongestants, antihistamines or lipid-lowering agents. Also suitable as active ingredients are crop protection agents or veterinary agents. For the purposes of the present invention, only those drugs which do not decompose under the temperature and processing conditions are incorporated. The amount of active ingredient to be administered per dosage unit may be varied within wide limits depending on the nature of the drug and the release rate. Slightly soluble active ingredients are preferred, that is to say those which have a solubility of less than 1 g/100-1 000 g of solvent. A further possibility is to employ mixtures of drugs.
- The present invention further relates to a process for manufacturing the extrudates and preparations of the invention. This simple process requires only a conventional extruder and makes do without complicated manufacturing methods or solvents and plasticizers.
- In the present process, a mixture of at least one active ingredient and hydroxypropylcellulose of low viscosity in an amount of at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 66% by weight, based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture and, where appropriate, further conventional pharmaceutical excipients is produced, and the mixture is passed through an extruder which has at the place where the product enters a temperature of from 20 to 40° C. and at the exit die or dies has a temperature of ≦225° C., where the exit dies have a diameter of from 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably from 1 to 3 mm, and the extruded strands are comminuted after their emergence. The residence time of the mixture in the extruder depends on technical aspects of the process and may vary to a large degree. It is generally less than 3 min, preferably less than 1 min.
- The ingredients can be mixed before entry into the extruder or inside the latter. Premixing, that is to say mixing before entry, is preferred inter alia for reasons of the abovementioned content uniformity. Continuous operation of the extruder is likewise preferred.
- It has been found, surprisingly, that extrusion is possible in the process of the invention even with large contents of hydroxypropylcellulose without the use of plasticizers or solvents. This was not to be expected by the skilled worker because in general an increasing content of hydroxypropylcellulose is associated with less good extrudability in a conventional extruder.
- The viscosity is determined using a rotational viscometer in a known manner at 20° C. on a 2% strength aqueous solution; the low-viscosity celluloses of the present invention have viscosities of less than 400 cP.
- The invention is explained further by means of the following examples.
- Measurement of the Active Ingredient Release by the USP XXII Paddle Method
- The release of the abovementioned active ingredients from the tablets or gelatin capsules is measured by the USP XXII paddle method. Stirrer speed 75 rpm, release medium 0.1 N HCl (0.9 l) with small amounts of solubilizers (for example: ≦0.5 (w/v) sodium lauryl sulfate), temperature 37° C. All the examples of the invention apart from comparative example A release about 80% of active ingredient within 60 min.
- 1 part by weight of nifedipine is mixed with 2 parts by weight of low-viscosity HPC (average MW 55 000-70 000). The mixture is processed in a twin screw extruder with an exit die having a diameter of 2 mm. The material is extruded at a die temperature of 170° C. The transparent extrudates are comminuted, and the fraction (<125 μm; 90 parts by weight) is mixed with 119 parts by weight of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPP) and then with magnesium stearate (1 part by weight) and tableted (30 mg of nifedipine per tablet).
- 1 part by weight of nifedipine is mixed with 2.5 parts by weight of low-viscosity HPC (average MW 55 000-70 000). The mixture is processed in a twin screw extruder with an exit die having a diameter of 2 mm. The material is extruded at a die temperature of 170° C. The transparent extrudates are comminuted, and the fraction (<125 μm; 105 parts by weight) is mixed with 135 parts by weight of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPP) and then with magnesium stearate (1.2 parts by weight) and tableted (30 mg of nifedipine per tablet).
- Analogous to example 1 but the die temperature is 160° C.
- Analogous to example 1 but nimodipine is used as drug; the die temperature is 120° C.
- 1 part by weight of 2-cyclopentyl-2-[4-(2,4-dimethylpyrido[2,3-b]indol-9-ylmethyl)phenyl]-N-(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)acetamide is mixed with 2 parts by weight of low-viscosity HPC (average MW 55 000-70 000). The mixture is processed in a twin screw extruder with an exit die having a diameter of 2 mm. The material is extruded at a die temperature of 220° C. The transparent extrudates are comminuted, and the fraction (<125 μm; 240 parts by weight) is mixed with 118.8 parts by weight of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPP) and then with magnesium stearate (1.2 parts by weight) and tableted (80 mg of (2S)-2-cyclopentyl-2-[4-(2,4-dimethylpyrido[2,3-b]indol-9-ylmethyl)phenyl]-N-(1R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)acetamide per tablet).
- Analogous to example 1 but the mixture is packed into gelatin capsules.
- Analogous to example 4 but the mixture is packed into gelatin capsules.
- Analogous to example 5 but 2 parts by weight of the drug 2-cyclopentyl-2-[4-(2,4-dimethylpyrido[2,3-b]indol-9-ylmethyl)phenyl]-N-(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)acetamide are mixed with 1 part by weight of low-viscosity HPC (average MW 55 000-70 000). The mixture is processed in a twin screw extruder with an exit die having a diameter of 2 mm. The material is extruded at a die temperature of 220° C. The transparent extrudates are comminuted, and the fraction (<125 μm; 240 parts by weight) is mixed with 118.8 parts by weight of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVPP) and then with magnesium stearate (1.2 parts by weight) and tableted (80 mg of (2S)-2-cyclopentyl-2-[4-(2,4-dimethylpyrido[2,3-b]indol-9-ylmethyl)phenyl]-N-(1R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)acetamide per tablet).
Claims (10)
1. Stable, fast-release extrudates comprising hydroxypropylcellulose of low viscosity with an average molecular weight of from 30 000 to 100 000 and with a molar degree of substitution of at least 3 in an amount of at least 50% by weight based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture and at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient.
2. Extrudates as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that they comprise hydroxypropylcellulose in an amount of least 66% by weight based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture.
3. Extrudates as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that they comprise hydroxypropylcellulose with an average molecular weight of from 55 000 to 70 000.
4. The use of extrudates as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 for producing pharmaceutical preparations.
5. A pharmaceutical preparation as set forth in claim 4 .
6. A pharmaceutical preparation as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that the preparation is a tablet which comprises the disintegrant crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP).
7. A pharmaceutical preparation as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that the preparation is a sachet.
8. A pharmaceutical preparation as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that the preparation is a capsule.
9. A solvent-free process for producing extrudates as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that a mixture of at least one active ingredient and hydroxypropylcellulose of low viscosity in an amount of at least 50% by weight based on the active ingredient/polymer mixture is passed through an extruder which has at the place where the product enters a temperature of from 25 to 40° C. and at the exit die has a temperature of ≦225° C., where the exit die(s) has (have) a diameter of from 0.5 to 5 mm, and the extruded strands are comminuted after their emergence.
10. The process as claimed in claim 9 , characterized in that the exit die(s) has (have) a diameter of from 1 to 3 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/409,953 US20030206947A1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2003-04-09 | Fast-release extrudates and process for their production, and preparations obtainable therefrom |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19934610.0 | 1999-07-23 | ||
DE19934610A DE19934610A1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Rapid-release extrudates containing low viscosity hydroxypropylcellulose, useful for formulating plant protecting agents and oral pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions |
US10/031,129 US6569455B1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2000-07-12 | Quick-release extrudates, method for preparing the same and compositions obtained from said extrudates |
US10/409,953 US20030206947A1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2003-04-09 | Fast-release extrudates and process for their production, and preparations obtainable therefrom |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/031,129 Continuation US6569455B1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2000-07-12 | Quick-release extrudates, method for preparing the same and compositions obtained from said extrudates |
PCT/EP2000/006584 Continuation WO2001007015A2 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2000-07-12 | Quick-release extrudates, method for preparing the same and compositions obtained from said extrudates |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20030206947A1 true US20030206947A1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
Family
ID=7915826
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/031,129 Expired - Lifetime US6569455B1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2000-07-12 | Quick-release extrudates, method for preparing the same and compositions obtained from said extrudates |
US10/409,953 Abandoned US20030206947A1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2003-04-09 | Fast-release extrudates and process for their production, and preparations obtainable therefrom |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/031,129 Expired - Lifetime US6569455B1 (en) | 1999-07-23 | 2000-07-12 | Quick-release extrudates, method for preparing the same and compositions obtained from said extrudates |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6569455B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1202715B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003505410A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6271700A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2378379C (en) |
DE (2) | DE19934610A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2292456T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001007015A2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8268349B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2012-09-18 | Abbott Laboratories | Solid pharmaceutical dosage form |
US8377952B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2013-02-19 | Abbott Laboratories | Solid pharmaceutical dosage formulation |
US8470347B2 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2013-06-25 | AbbVie Deutschland GmbH and Co KG | Self-emulsifying active substance formulation and use of this formulation |
CN107028900A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2017-08-11 | 艾戴尔医药公司 | Rapid dispersion particle, oral disnitegration tablet and method |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19934610A1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-01-25 | Bayer Ag | Rapid-release extrudates containing low viscosity hydroxypropylcellulose, useful for formulating plant protecting agents and oral pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions |
DE10215147A1 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2003-10-16 | Basf Ag | Use of polymerization containing thermoplastic polymers as filter aids and / or stabilizers |
KR20080007357A (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2008-01-18 | 노파르티스 아게 | Extrusion process for making compositions with poorly compressible therapeutic compounds |
EP1832281A1 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-12 | Abbott GmbH & Co. KG | Process for producing a solid dispersion of an active ingredient |
WO2018219801A1 (en) | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | Bayer Pharma Aktiengesellschaft | Immediate-release extrudates |
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US20040077694A1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2004-04-22 | Chiang Yuan-Ching P. | Malonamic acids and derivatives thereof as thyroid receptor ligands |
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IE970588A1 (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 2000-08-23 | Elan Corp Plc | Controlled release pharmaceutical compositions containing tiagabine |
-
1999
- 1999-07-23 DE DE19934610A patent/DE19934610A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-07-12 ES ES00949311T patent/ES2292456T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-12 CA CA002378379A patent/CA2378379C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-12 EP EP00949311A patent/EP1202715B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-12 US US10/031,129 patent/US6569455B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-12 DE DE50014655T patent/DE50014655D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-12 AU AU62717/00A patent/AU6271700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-07-12 WO PCT/EP2000/006584 patent/WO2001007015A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-07-12 JP JP2001511902A patent/JP2003505410A/en active Pending
-
2003
- 2003-04-09 US US10/409,953 patent/US20030206947A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US4317447A (en) * | 1979-07-19 | 1982-03-02 | Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation | Drug delivery system |
US5641516A (en) * | 1992-08-13 | 1997-06-24 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Compositions which contain active substances and are in the form of solid particles |
US5684014A (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 1997-11-04 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Cycloalkano-indole and -azaindole derivatives |
US5939099A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1999-08-17 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Solid active extrusion compound preparations containing low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8470347B2 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2013-06-25 | AbbVie Deutschland GmbH and Co KG | Self-emulsifying active substance formulation and use of this formulation |
US8268349B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2012-09-18 | Abbott Laboratories | Solid pharmaceutical dosage form |
US8309613B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2012-11-13 | Abbvie Inc. | Solid pharmaceutical dosage form |
US8333990B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2012-12-18 | Abbott Laboratories | Solid pharmaceutical dosage form |
US8377952B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2013-02-19 | Abbott Laboratories | Solid pharmaceutical dosage formulation |
US8399015B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2013-03-19 | Abbvie Inc. | Solid pharmaceutical dosage form |
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CN107028900A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2017-08-11 | 艾戴尔医药公司 | Rapid dispersion particle, oral disnitegration tablet and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU6271700A (en) | 2001-02-13 |
CA2378379C (en) | 2009-11-24 |
ES2292456T3 (en) | 2008-03-16 |
DE19934610A1 (en) | 2001-01-25 |
EP1202715A2 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
WO2001007015A2 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
DE50014655D1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
EP1202715B1 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
WO2001007015A3 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
CA2378379A1 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
US6569455B1 (en) | 2003-05-27 |
JP2003505410A (en) | 2003-02-12 |
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