US20030188324A1

US20030188324A1 - P300 transgenic animal

Info

Publication number: US20030188324A1
Application number: US10/332,966
Authority: US
Inventors: Koji Hasegawa; Yosuke Kawase; Hiroshi Suzuki
Original assignee: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2000-07-14
Filing date: 2001-07-13
Publication date: 2003-10-02
Also published as: US7906701B2; DE60131658D1; AU2001271047A1; EP1302104A4; US20090083863A1; WO2002005633A1; DE60131658T2; JP4864275B2; EP1302104A1; EP1302104B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a transgenic animal wherein DNA encoding p300 and a promoter exerting its activity in myocardial cells are introduced, and a screening method using the same.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an animal into which DNA encoding p300 (hereinafter referred to as “p300 gene”) is introduced so as to be expressed in myocardial cells, and a screening method using the same animal.

BACKGROUND ART

The heart is an organ with the unique function of continually repeated contraction and relaxation. Myocardial cells, which are the main components of the heart, maintain division potential after differentiation, and keep actively dividing and proliferating during the prenatal period. However, they lose their division potential at the time of birth, and thereafter the growth of the heart is dependent on the growth in size of individual myocardial cells (physiological hypertrophy).

There are some cases wherein the heart responds to various stimuli such as hypertension thereby growing in size more than it would physiologically, and this is called in general cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy is a compensatory mechanism having a limitation and does not reduce contraction function of the heart in itself. However, a high hypertrophy exceeding the limitation causes biochemical changes in the myocardial cells, so that the heart suffers contraction dysfunction (heart failure).

There have been already some reports on the onset mechanism of heart failure. For example, Hasegawa et al. reported that GATA transcription factors played an important role in intracellular signal transduction at the onset of heart failure (Hasegawa K et al.: Circulation 1997;96:3943-3953). Morimoto et al. reported that among the GATA transcription factors, GATA-5 played a particularly important role (Morimoto T et al.: J. Biol. Chem. 1999;274:12811-12818). Further, Iwanaga et al. reported that the expression enhancement of endothelin-1 in cardiac muscle played an important role in the development from compensatory cardiac hypertrophy caused by hypertension to heart failure (Iwanaga Y et al.: Circulation 1998;98:2065). Furthermore, Hasegawa et al. reported that p300, which is an adenovirus E1A binding protein, functioned as a co-activator of GATA-5 (Hasegawa Koji et al.: Blood Pressure vol. 6 1999:665-669). Meanwhile, Kanai et al. confirmed that p300 induced apoptosis in myocardial cells (Presentation, the 63th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Japanese Circulation Society, Mar. 27, 1999-Mar. 29, 1999), and also suggested that there is a possibility that p300 works to suppress cardiac hypertrophy. Thus, the relation between p300 and cardiac hypertrophy is not clear.

Although the onset mechanism of heart failure is gradually being revealed as described above, there are many points which have not sufficiently been unraveled yet. One reason for this lag in the research is the fact that experimental animals to be models of heart failure have not been developed yet.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has been made against this technical background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a model animal to be affected by heart failure, which is useful to elucidate the onset mechanism of heart failure.

The present inventors have focused their attention on p300 from among various factors associated with the onset of heart failure, and found it possible to develop a pathology nearly identical to heart failure by introducing a p300 gene into an animal. They have accomplished the present invention based on this finding.

Namely, the present invention is a transgenic animal wherein a p300 gene and a promoter exerting its activity in myocardial cells are introduced.

Further, the present invention is a screening method of a substance having therapeutic activity for heart failure, which comprises the following steps:

(1) administering a test substance to the transgenic animal; and

(2) confirming whether cardiac hypertrophy is suppressed or not in the transgenic animal.

Furthermore, the present invention is a substance obtained by the above screening method.

Moreover, the present invention is a heart failure therapeutic agent containing as an active component a substance obtained by the above screening method. The transgenic animal of the present invention has the feature that a p300 gene and a promoter exerting its activity in myocardial cells are introduced.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The transgenic animal of the present invention is characterized by that a p300 gene and a promoter exerting its activity in myocardial cells are introduced thereinto.

The animal may be any kind of animal except human, but preferable examples of the animal include mice, rats, rabbits, miniature pigs, and pigs.

As a p300 gene, for example, p300 gene (SEQ ID NO: 1) derived from human can be used, but any p300 genes other than this may be used.

As long as a promoter to be introduced has activity in myocardial cells and increases its activity as the animal grows, it is not particularly limited. As a preferable promoter, α-myosin heavy chain promoter (SEQ ID NO:2) may be noted. This promoter shows low activity during the prenatal period and increases its activity as the animal grows. Accordingly, it is possible by using this promoter to prevent the animal from developing heart failure and dying at a stage when the animal is not sufficiently matured.

The transgenic animal of the present invention can be, for example, produced as follows.

{circle over (1)} A vector carrying a p300 gene and a promoter exerting its activity in myocardial cells is prepared. A p300 gene derived from a human can be prepared based on the sequence described in SEQ ID NO:1. Further, the sequences of other p300 genes are open to the public in GenBank managed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information, USA. Thus, based on these sequences, the p300 gene can be prepared. α-myosin heavy chain promoter which is one of the promoters having activity in myocardial cells can be prepared based on the sequence described in SEQ ID NO:2. The p300 gene and the promoter exerting its activity in myocardial cells, both prepared as above, are inserted into a commercially available vector, e.g. pBluescript II, thereby preparing a target vector.

{circle over (2)} An expression cassette is excised from the prepared vector and introduced into a totipotent cell. As the totipotent cell, a fertilized egg, an early embryo, an ES cell, etc. can be used. The introduction of the expression cassettes into the totipotent cells can be performed by the electrostatic pulse method, liposome method, calcium phosphate method, microinjection method, etc.

{circle over (3)} The above treated totipotent cells are transferred into the oviducts of pseudopregnant recipients. Then, offspring are born, and from among them, individuals having foreign p300 genes are selected. Whether or not an individual has a foreign p300 gene is determined by Southern blotting or PCR using a probe or primer specific to the foreign p300 gene. An individual having the foreign p300 gene shows higher level of expression of p300 gene than an individual having only endogenous genes, and thus it is possible to determine the above, based on the difference in expression level.

The transgenic animal of the present invention shows pathologies specific to heart failure such as cardiac hypertrophy or excessive synthesis of endothelin-1 in the heart muscle, and therefore it can be used as a model animal for heart failure.

Further, a test substance is administered to the transgenic animal of the present invention, and thereafter the screening of substances having therapeutic activity for heart failure can be performed by confirming whether or not cardiac hypertrophy is suppressed in this animal.

The test substance is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include peptides, proteins, nonpeptidic compounds, synthetic compounds, and fermented products, cell extracts.

The administration means of the test substance is not particularly limited, but oral administration, injection administration, etc. are exemplified.

Whether or not cardiac hypertrophy is suppressed is determined by extirpating the heart of the transgenic animal to which the test substance is administered, measuring the weight of that heart, and then comparing that weight with the weight of the heart from the control (the transgenic animal to which the test substance is not administered). Further, the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy can be confirmed by echocardiography, etc., and thus the occurrence of the suppression is determined. Furthermore, as cardiac hypertrophy occurs, excessive synthesis of atrial natriuretic peptides or expression of β-myosin heavy chain genes is observed. Accordingly, these can be used as indices for determining the occurrence of the suppression. It is noted that the expression of β-myosin heavy chain genes is confirmed by the method of Hasegawa et al. (Hasegawa K et al.: Circulation 1977:96:3943-3953). In addition to these methods, the occurrence of the suppression of cardiac hypertrophy may be determined by mortality rate, because there is a high probability that the transgenic animal of the present invention develops heart failure unless cardiac hypertrophy is suppressed, thereby leading to death.

Since the substance obtained by the above screening method has therapeutic activity for heart failure, the substance is formulated by a known pharmaceutical production method and can be used as a therapeutic or preventive agent for heart failure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows the structures of pCMVwtp300, α-[0029] MHC clone 26, and pα MHC-p300.
FIG. 2 shows the results of Southern hybridization carried out in Example 2. [0030]
FIG. 3 shows the results of Western blotting carried out in Example 3. [0031]
FIG. 4 is a group of graphs ([0032] 4A to 4F) illustrating comparisons of mice, by ages in months, among measurement values by echocardiography carried out in Example 6.
FIG. 5 shows M-mode echocardiography carried out in Example 6, and each measurement value.[0033]
This specification includes the contents as disclosed in the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-215143, which is a priority document of the present application. [0034]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

EXAMPLE 1

A pCMVwtp300 was treated with NotI and HindIII, a fragment carrying a p300 gene was excised, and thereafter NotI restriction site of this fragment was blunted. Meanwhile, α-MHC Clone 26 (accession no. U71441) carrying an α-myosin heavy chain promoter (αMHC promoter) was treated with SalI and HindIII, and thereafter SalI restriction site was blunted and the above described fragment carrying the p300 gene (Eckner, R. et al.: Genes Dev. 1994:8:869-884, accession no.U01877) was inserted into this restriction site. Then, pαMHC-p300 carrying αMHC promoter and the p300 gene were prepared. The structures of pCMVwtp300, α-MHC Clone26, and pαMHC-p300 are shown in FIG. 1. It is noted that pCMVwtp300 and α-MHC Clone26 were furnished from Drs. Richard Eckner and David M. Livingston (Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.) and Robbins, J. (Molecular Card. Biol., Children's Hospital, Cincinati, Ohio), respectively. [0035]
pαMHC-p300 was digested by NotI and a fragment carrying αMHC promoter and p300 gene was excised. After adjusting the concentration of this DNA fragment to 3 ng/μl, the DNA fragment was injected into a frozen-thawed pronuclear stage fertilized egg, which had been taken from a C57BL/6J strain mouse (Clea Japan, Inc.) and cryopreserved. The injection of the DNA into the fertilized egg was performed by microinjection method (Ueda Otoya et al.: Latest Technology of Gene Targeting: 2000:190-207). Among 319 fertilized eggs to which the DNAs were injected, 236 eggs survived and, of those, 199 were differentiated to 2-cell embryos. These 2-cell embryos were transferred into the oviducts of pseudopregnant recipient mice (ICR strain, Clea Japan, Inc.) that had been made pseudopregnant in advance. 54 offspring were obtained. The obtained offspring were checked using the Southern blotting method for whether or not they had the αMHC promoter and p300 gene. As a probe, a DNA fragment was used, which is amplified by PCR using pαMHC-p300 as a template and the following primers. [0036]

(SEQ ID NO:3)

Sense primer: TCTTAGCAAACCTCAGGCAC

(corresponding to 5230 to 5249 of SEQ ID NO:2)

(SEQ ID NO:4)

Antisense primer: CCACCATTGGTTAGTCCCAA

(corresponding to 1356 to 1375 of SEQ ID NO:1)
As a result of Southern blotting, it was confirmed that the objective DNA was contained in 6 individuals. Transgenic mice strains for 3 mice out of 6 individuals were established. [0037]

These three mice (21, 39, and 40 strains) were crossed with wild type of C57BL/6J mice to obtain the offsprings. Whether or not these offspring mice have the introduced gene was checked by the same Southern blotting method as described above. The following table shows sex of the offspring mice and the presence or absence of the introduced gene.

TABLE 1


		Presence or absence
Parent	Individual	of an introduced
Strain	No.	gene	Sex

21	6	Present	Female
	5	Present	Female
	9	Present	Male
	1	Present	Male
	3	Present	Male
	7	Present	Male
	2	Absent	Male
	8	Absent	Male
	12	Absent	Female
39	34	Present	Female
	56	Present	Male
	20	Present	Female
	32	Present	Male
	36	Present	Male
	6	Absent	Female
	59	Absent	Female
	8	Absent	Male
	35	Absent	Male
	55	Absent	Male
40	61	Present	Male
	34	Present	Female
	51	Present	Male
	32	Present	Female
	33	Absent	Female
	49	Absent	Male

EXAMPLE 2

Whether or not the introduced human p300 gene was expressed in various organs of the transgenic mouse was examined by RT-PCR using the primer specific to this gene and RT-Southern hybridization using the probe specific to this gene. [0039]
From the heart, lung, liver, kidney of a transgenic mouse (individual no. 6) and the hearts of wild type mice (individual nos. 56, 2, and 59), mRNAs were prepared and RT-PCR was conducted using the mRNAs as templates. The preparation of mRNAs from each organ was conducted in accordance with the manual of RNA extract reagent “ISOGEN” (Nippon Gene Co., Ltd.). RT-PCR was conducted as follows, in accordance with the manual of “mRNA Selective PCR kit” (TaKaRa). [0040]
First, the RT reaction mixture having the composition shown in Table 2 was prepared and reacted: for 10 minutes at 30° C.; for 22 minutes at 46° C.; and for 5 minutes at 5° C. Next, a PCR reaction mixture was prepared from various reagents and the above RT reaction mixture having the composition shown in Table 3, and then RT-PCR was conducted under the reaction condition of: 40 cycles (heating and cooling) of 30 seconds at 85° C., 30 seconds at 55° C., and 60 seconds at 72° C. The primers used were as follows. [0041]

(SEQ ID NO:5)

Sense primer: GCA ACA GGT GCT TAG TAT CC

(corresponding to 7400 to 7419 bases of p300 gene

(SEQ ID NO:1))

(SEQ ID NO:6)

Antisense primer: CTG TTG CAT GTG ATG CTG CA

(corresponding to 7879 to 7898 bases of p300 gene

(SEQ ID NO:1))

	TABLE 2


	Reagent	Amount (μl)

	2xmRNA Selective PCR Buffer I	25
	MgCl ₂	10
	dNTP/analog mixture	5
	RNase Inhibitor	1
	AMV RTase XL	1
	Oligo dT Primer	1
	RNA	2 (= 2 μg)
	RNase Free dH₂O	5

	TABLE 3


	Reagent	Amount to be used (μl)

	2xmRNA Selective PCR Buffer I	20
	MgCl ₂	8
	dNTP/analog mixture	4
	AM V-Optimized Taq	1
	sense primer	2.5
	antisense primer	2.5
	RT reaction mixture	10 or 2 *
	dH₂O	2 or 10*

The amplified products of RT-PCR were separated by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and blotted onto nylon filters. Thus RT-Southern hybridization was performed. The hybridization was performed in accordance with the manual of “Express Hyb Hybridization Solution (CLONTECH)” As a probe; a product was used, which was amplified by PCR using pCMVwtp300 as a template and the above primers. [0044]
The results of RT-Southern hybridization on the transgenic mouse are shown in FIG. 2. As shown in this figure, in the case of the transgenic mouse, p300 genes were expressed only in the heart and not expressed in other organs. And in the case of the wild type mice, p300 genes were not expressed even in the heart thereof. (not shown in the figure). [0045]

EXAMPLE 3

Myocardial cells were taken from transgenic mice (individual nos. 5, 9 and 36) and wild type mice (individual nos. 8, 12 and 35), and proteins were extracted from these cells. Protein extraction was performed in accordance with the method of Hasegawa et al. (Hasegawa K. et al.: Circulation 1997:96:3943-3953). The proteins derived from myocardial cells were examined by Western blotting using anti-human p300 antibodies (CT-Power ClonalTM, Upstate Biotechnology Inc.) for confirming whether or not they contain p300. The antibodies are capable of reacting with endogenous mouse p300 not only human-derived p300 that is an expression product of the introduced gene, but also with. The Western blotting was performed in accordance with the method of Morimoto et al. (Morimoto T et al.: The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2000:275:13721-13726). [0046]
The results of the Western blotting are shown in FIG. 3. As shown in this figure, although p300 was detected from wild type mice (WT), the amount thereof was far less than that of the transgenic mice (TG). [0047]

EXAMPLE 4

The amounts of endothelin-1 in cardiac muscle of mice were determined in accordance with the method of Iwanaga et al. (Circulation 1998 98:2065-2073). [0048]
Transgenic mice (individual nos. 1, 3, 7, 20, 32, 34, 51, and 56) and wild type mice (individual nos. 2, 33, 49, 55, and 59) were anesthetized with pentobarbital and the hearts were extirpated. The atria were removed from the heart of each mouse, and the right and left ventricles of the heart were washed with cold physiological saline. The right and left ventricles were put into a Polytron homogenizer with 9 mol/L acetic acid aqueous solution (containing 0.1% Triton-X) and homogenized for 30 seconds, boiled for 7 minutes, and then centrifuged (2000 g, 30 minutes, 4° C.). The supernatant thereof was taken and stored at −80° C. [0049]
Extraction of endothelin-1 from the supernatant of the ventricle tissue homogenate was performed in accordance with Kitamura et al. (Kitamura et al. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1989;156:1182-1186). Also, the endothelin-1 content was measured in accordance with the method of Suzuki et al. (Suzuki et al. J. Immunol. Methods. 1989;118:245-250) using an EIA kit (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). This measurement method enables the detection of endothelin-1 at a concentration of up to 0.5 pg/ml, and further has a crossreactivity of 0.1% or less between endothelin-3 and big endothelin-1. [0050]

The endothelin-1 contents in cardiac muscles of individual mice are shown in the following table.

TABLE 4


Individual	Expression	Endothelin-1
No.	type	content (pg/ml)

2	Wild type	3.0
33	Wild type	3.0
49	Wild type	9.0
55	Wild type	7.0
59	Wild type	7.0
1	Transgenic	10.0
3	Transgenic	16.0
7	Transgenic	9.0
20	Transgenic	14.0
32	Transgenic	13.0
34	Transgenic	11.0
51	Transgenic	5.0
56	Transgenic	15.0

As shown in the above table, the transgenic mice had noticeably larger amounts endothelin-1 in the cardiac muscles than the wild type mice. [0052]

EXAMPLE 5

For the purpose of investigating the relationship between the expression of p300 gene and hypertrophy of myocardial cells, heart weights and total body weights of the transgenic mice and wild type mice were examined. The results thereof are shown in the following table.

TABLE 5


					Total
					body	Heart	Ratio of
Parent	Individual		Expression	Birth	weight	weight	heart to total
strain	No.	Sex	type	date	(kg)	(g)	body weight

21	4	Female	Transgenic	99/8/17	21.1	117	5.55
	5	Female	Transgenic	99/8/17	21.2	122	5.75
	6	Female	Transgenic	99/8/17	21.4	123	5.75
	25	Female	Transgenic	99/8/17	20.9	131	6.27
	11	Female	Wild type	99/8/17	23.5	120	5.11
	12	Female	Wild type	99/8/17	25	102	4.08
	13	Female	Wild type	99/8/17	23.8	113	4.75
	1	Male	Transgenic	99/8/17	29.2	149	5.10
	3	Male	Transgenic	99/8/17	33	155	4.70
	9	Male	Transgenic	99/8/17	29	147	5.07
	2	Male	Wild type	99/8/17	30	133	4.43
	7	Male	Wild type	99/8/17	27.2	137	5.04
	8	Male	Wild type	99/8/17	28.5	130	4.56
39	20	Female	Transgenic	99/8/18	25	133	5.32
	59	Female	Wild type	99/6/28	26.7	150	5.62
	56	Male	Transgenic	99/6/28	34.1	207	6.07
	55	Male	Wild type	99/6/28	31.1	145	4.66
	36	Male	Transgenic	99/9/13	27.5	146	5.31
	35	Male	Wild type	99/9/13	27.3	131	4.80
40	34	Female	Transgenic	99/10/12	2.9	121	5.28
	32	Female	Wild type	99/10/12	1.9	112	5.11
	33	Female	Wild type	99/10/12	2.3	110	4.93
	50	Male	Transgenic	99/10/20	24.7	125	5.06
	51	Male	Transgenic	99/10/20	26	125	4.81
	48	Male	Wild type	99/10/20	23.9	104	4.35
	49	Male	Wild type	99/10/20	26.3	148	5.63

Among the individuals indicated in the above table, groups were made of individuals having the same parent strain, sex, and birth date. The expression type and the ratio of heart to total body weight were investigated within such groups. The results thereof were shown in the table below.

TABLE 6


			Average ratio
	Expression		of heart to
Group	type	Individual No.	total body weight

A	Transgenic

	4, 5, 6, 25	5.83
	Wild type	11, 12, 13	4.64
B	Transgenic			1, 3, 9	4.96
	Wild type	2, 7, 8,	4.68
C	Transgenic	56	6.07
	Wild type	55	4.66
D	Transgenic	36	5.31
	Wild type	35	4.80

As shown in the above table, the heart to total body weight ratios of the transgenic mice were approximately 10 to 30% higher than those of the wild type mice. [0055]

EXAMPLE 6

For the purpose of investigating the relationship between the expression of p300 gene and hypertrophy of myocardial cells, echocardiography was performed on transgenic and wild type mice with ages of 2, 6 and 10 months. [0056]
The mice were anesthetized with ketamine (50 mg/kg) and xylazine (2.5 mg/kg), and transthoracic echocardiography was performed with a cardiac ultrasound recorder (Toshiba Power Vision SSA-380A), using a 7.5-MHz transducer. [0057]
After obtaining high quality two-dimensional images, echocardiography were performed in M mode, and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) and left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVDs) were measured by the leading-edge-to-leading-edge convention adopted by the American Society of Echocardiography. Further, left ventricular fractional shortening (%FS) was calculated in accordance with the equation below. [0058]
%FS=[(LVDd−LVDs)/LVDd]×100
In addition, the other measured values were treated by referring to the method of Inoko et al. (Inoko et al. Am. J. Physiol. 1994;267:2471-2481). [0059]
The results are shown in the following table and in FIGS. 4 and 5. The notations used in the table and figures are as follows. [0060]
HR: Heart rate (beat/min) [0061]
(LV)Dd: Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (unit: mm) [0062]
(LV)Ds: Left ventricular end-systolic dimension (unit: mm) [0063]
IVST: Interventricular septum thickness (unit: mm) [0064]
LVPWT: Left ventricular posterior wall thickness (unit: mm) [0065]

%FS: Left ventricular fractional shortening

TABLE 7


Parent		Expression		Age in
strain	ID No.	type	Sex	months	HR	Dd	Ds	IVST	LVPWT	% FS

39	334	Transgenic	F	2	570	2.2	0.6	0.8	1.1	72.7
	335	Transgenic	F	2	517	2.1	0.9	0.6	0.8	57.1
	336	Wild type	F	2
	337	Wild type	F	2
	338	Wild type	F	2
39	339	Wild type	M	2	556	3	1.3	0.9	0.7	56.7
	340	Transgenic	M	2	500	3.7	2.1	0.7	0.8	43.2
	341	Wild type	M	2	517	2.9	1	0.6	0.6	65.5
	342	Transgenic	M	2		2.9	1.3	0.8	1	55.2
	343	Wild type	M	2	584	3.1	1.1	0.9	1.2	64.5
39	280	Transgenic	F	6	600	4.7	3.9	0.8	0.7	17.0
	281	Transgenic	F	6	652	4.6	3.3	1	0.8	28.3
	284	Wild type	F	6	450	3.1	1	1.1	0.8	67.7
	285	Wild type	F	6	506	2.5	0.7	0.8	1.5	72.0
39	286	Transgenic	M	6	300	6.2	6	0.7	0.6	3.2
	287	Wild type	M	6	616	3	1	0.7	0.9	66.7
	288	Wild type	M	6	682	2.8	1	1	0.9	64.3
	289	Transgenic	M	6	250	6.7	6.4	1	0.7	4.5
	290	Transgenic	M	6	6	5.2	0.6	1.3	13.3
40	203	Transgenic	M	10	584	4.7	3.8	0.9	1	19.1
	206	Wild type	M	10		2.1	0.7	1.8	1.5	66.7
	207	Transgenic	M	10		6.8	5.8	0.6	0.7	14.7
	227	Transgenic	M	10
	228	Wild type	M	10	692	3.3	0.7	0.6	0.8	78.8
	229	Wild type	M	10	682	2.3	0.9	1	0.9	60.9
	230	Transgenic	M	10

As understood from the above table and FIGS. 4 and 5, with respect to left ventricular end-diastolic and left ventricular end-systolic dimensions, there was almost no difference at the age of 2 months. However, at the ages of 6 months and 10 months, the transgenic mice showed significantly larger values on these dimensions than the wild type mice. Further, at the ages of 6 months and 10 months, the transgenic mice had lower heart rates and left ventricular fractional shortenings, and thus it was recognized that the transgenic mice suffered from heart failures. In addition, there were small changes according to age in interventricular septum thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness, and no statistical significances thereon were observed between the transgenic mice and wild type mice. [0067]
All publications, patents and patent applications cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. [0068]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The present invention provides a novel transgenic animal. This transgenic animal is useful for elucidation of the onset mechanism of heart failure and development of therapeutic agents for heart failure. [0069]
Sequence Listing Free Text [0070]
SEQ ID NO:3: A sense primer used for PCR in Example 1 [0071]
SEQ ID NO: 4: An antisense primer used for PCR in Example 1 [0072]
SEQ ID NO: 5: A sense primer used for PCR in Example 2 [0073]
SEQ ID NO: 6: An antisense primer used for PCR in Example 2 [0074]
[0075]
1 6 1 9046 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (1200)..(8441) 1 ccttgtttgt gtgctaggct gggggggaga gagggcgaga gagagcgggc gagagtgggc 60 aagcaggacg ccgggctgag tgctaactgc gggacgcaga gagtgcggag gggagtcggg 120 tcggagagag gcggcagggg ccagaacagt ggcagggggc ccggggcgca cgggctgagg 180 cgacccccag ccccctcccg tccgcacaca cccccaccgc ggtccagcag ccgggccggc 240 gtcgacgcta ggggggacca ttacataacc cgcgccccgg ccgtcttctc ccgccgccgc 300 ggcgcccgaa ctgagcccgg ggcgggcgct ccagcactgg ccgccggcgt ggggcgtagc 360 agcggccgta ttattatttc gcggaaagga aggcgaagga ggggagcgcc ggcgcgagga 420 ggggccgcct gcgcccgccg ccggagcggg gcctcctcgg tgggctccgc gtcggcgcgg 480 gcgtgcgggc ggcgctgctc ggcccggccc cctcggccct ctggtccggc cagctccgct 540 cccggcgtcc ttgccgcgcc tccgccggcc gccgcgcgat gtgaggcggc ggcgccagcc 600 tggctctcgg ctcgggcgag ttctctgcgg ccattagggg ccggtgcggc ggcggcgcgg 660 agcgcggcgg caggaggagg gttcggaggg tgggggcgca ggcccgggag ggggcaccgg 720 gaggaggtga gtgtctcttg tcgcctcctc ctctcccccc ttttcgcccc cgcctccttg 780 tggcgatgag aaggaggagg acagcgccga ggaggaagag gttgatggcg gcggcggagc 840 tccgagagac ctcggctggg caggggccgg ccgtggcggg ccggggactg cgcctctaga 900 gccgcgagtt ctcgggaatt cgccgcagcg gaccggcctc ggcgaatttg tgctcttgtg 960 ccctcctccg ggcttgggcc aggccggccc ctcgcacttg cccttacctt ttctatcgag 1020 tccgcatccc tctccagcca ctgcgacccg gcgaagagaa aaaggaactt cccccacccc 1080 ctcgggtgcc gtcggagccc cccagcccac ccctgggtgc ggcgcgggga ccccgggccg 1140 aagaagagat ttcctgagga ttctggtttt cctcgcttgt atctccgaaa gaattaaaa 1199 atg gcc gag aat gtg gtg gaa ccg ggg ccg cct tca gcc aag cgg cct 1247 Met Ala Glu Asn Val Val Glu Pro Gly Pro Pro Ser Ala Lys Arg Pro 1 5 10 15 aaa ctc tca tct ccg gcc ctc tcg gcg tcc gcc agc gat ggc aca gat 1295 Lys Leu Ser Ser Pro Ala Leu Ser Ala Ser Ala Ser Asp Gly Thr Asp 20 25 30 ttt ggc tct cta ttt gac ttg gag cac gac tta cca gat gaa tta atc 1343 Phe Gly Ser Leu Phe Asp Leu Glu His Asp Leu Pro Asp Glu Leu Ile 35 40 45 aac tct aca gaa ttg gga cta acc aat ggt ggt gat att aat cag ctt 1391 Asn Ser Thr Glu Leu Gly Leu Thr Asn Gly Gly Asp Ile Asn Gln Leu 50 55 60 cag aca agt ctt ggc atg gta caa gat gca gct tct aaa cat aaa cag 1439 Gln Thr Ser Leu Gly Met Val Gln Asp Ala Ala Ser Lys His Lys Gln 65 70 75 80 ctg tca gaa ttg ctg cga tct ggt agt tcc cct aac ctc aat atg gga 1487 Leu Ser Glu Leu Leu Arg Ser Gly Ser Ser Pro Asn Leu Asn Met Gly 85 90 95 gtt ggt ggc cca ggt caa gtc atg gcc agc cag gcc caa cag agc agt 1535 Val Gly Gly Pro Gly Gln Val Met Ala Ser Gln Ala Gln Gln Ser Ser 100 105 110 cct gga tta ggt ttg ata aat agc atg gtc aaa agc cca atg aca cag 1583 Pro Gly Leu Gly Leu Ile Asn Ser Met Val Lys Ser Pro Met Thr Gln 115 120 125 gca ggc ttg act tct ccc aac atg ggg atg ggc act agt gga cca aat 1631 Ala Gly Leu Thr Ser Pro Asn Met Gly Met Gly Thr Ser Gly Pro Asn 130 135 140 cag ggt cct acg cag tca aca ggt atg atg aac agt cca gta aat cag 1679 Gln Gly Pro Thr Gln Ser Thr Gly Met Met Asn Ser Pro Val Asn Gln 145 150 155 160 cct gcc atg gga atg aac aca ggg acg aat gcg ggc atg aat cct gga 1727 Pro Ala Met Gly Met Asn Thr Gly Thr Asn Ala Gly Met Asn Pro Gly 165 170 175 atg ttg gct gca ggc aat gga caa ggg ata atg cct aat caa gtc atg 1775 Met Leu Ala Ala Gly Asn Gly Gln Gly Ile Met Pro Asn Gln Val Met 180 185 190 aac ggt tca att gga gca ggc cga ggg cga cag gat atg cag tac cca 1823 Asn Gly Ser Ile Gly Ala Gly Arg Gly Arg Gln Asp Met Gln Tyr Pro 195 200 205 aac cca ggc atg gga agt gct ggc aac tta ctg act gag cct ctt cag 1871 Asn Pro Gly Met Gly Ser Ala Gly Asn Leu Leu Thr Glu Pro Leu Gln 210 215 220 cag ggc tct ccc cag atg gga gga caa aca gga ttg aga ggc ccc cag 1919 Gln Gly Ser Pro Gln Met Gly Gly Gln Thr Gly Leu Arg Gly Pro Gln 225 230 235 240 cct ctt aag atg gga atg atg aac aac ccc aat cct tat ggt tca cca 1967 Pro Leu Lys Met Gly Met Met Asn Asn Pro Asn Pro Tyr Gly Ser Pro 245 250 255 tat act cag aat cct gga cag cag att gga gcc agt ggc ctt ggt ctc 2015 Tyr Thr Gln Asn Pro Gly Gln Gln Ile Gly Ala Ser Gly Leu Gly Leu 260 265 270 cag att cag aca aaa act gta cta tca aat aac tta tct cca ttt gct 2063 Gln Ile Gln Thr Lys Thr Val Leu Ser Asn Asn Leu Ser Pro Phe Ala 275 280 285 atg gac aaa aag gca gtt cct ggt gga gga atg ccc aac atg ggt caa 2111 Met Asp Lys Lys Ala Val Pro Gly Gly Gly Met Pro Asn Met Gly Gln 290 295 300 cag cca gcc ccg cag gtc cag cag cca ggt ctg gtg act cca gtt gcc 2159 Gln Pro Ala Pro Gln Val Gln Gln Pro Gly Leu Val Thr Pro Val Ala 305 310 315 320 caa ggg atg ggt tct gga gca cat aca gct gat cca gag aag cgc aag 2207 Gln Gly Met Gly Ser Gly Ala His Thr Ala Asp Pro Glu Lys Arg Lys 325 330 335 ctc atc cag cag cag ctt gtt ctc ctt ttg cat gct cac aag tgc cag 2255 Leu Ile Gln Gln Gln Leu Val Leu Leu Leu His Ala His Lys Cys Gln 340 345 350 cgc cgg gaa cag gcc aat ggg gaa gtg agg cag tgc aac ctt ccc cac 2303 Arg Arg Glu Gln Ala Asn Gly Glu Val Arg Gln Cys Asn Leu Pro His 355 360 365 tgt cgc aca atg aag aat gtc cta aac cac atg aca cac tgc cag tca 2351 Cys Arg Thr Met Lys Asn Val Leu Asn His Met Thr His Cys Gln Ser 370 375 380 ggc aag tct tgc caa gtg gca cac tgt gca tct tct cga caa atc att 2399 Gly Lys Ser Cys Gln Val Ala His Cys Ala Ser Ser Arg Gln Ile Ile 385 390 395 400 tca cac tgg aag aat tgt aca aga cat gat tgt cct gtg tgt ctc ccc 2447 Ser His Trp Lys Asn Cys Thr Arg His Asp Cys Pro Val Cys Leu Pro 405 410 415 ctc aaa aat gct ggt gat aag aga aat caa cag cca att ttg act gga 2495 Leu Lys Asn Ala Gly Asp Lys Arg Asn Gln Gln Pro Ile Leu Thr Gly 420 425 430 gca ccc gtt gga ctt gga aat cct agc tct cta ggg gtg ggt caa cag 2543 Ala Pro Val Gly Leu Gly Asn Pro Ser Ser Leu Gly Val Gly Gln Gln 435 440 445 tct gcc ccc aac cta agc act gtt agt cag att gat ccc agc tcc ata 2591 Ser Ala Pro Asn Leu Ser Thr Val Ser Gln Ile Asp Pro Ser Ser Ile 450 455 460 gaa aga gcc tat gca gct ctt gga cta ccc tat caa gta aat cag atg 2639 Glu Arg Ala Tyr Ala Ala Leu Gly Leu Pro Tyr Gln Val Asn Gln Met 465 470 475 480 ccg aca caa ccc cag gtg caa gca aag aac cag cag aat cag cag cct 2687 Pro Thr Gln Pro Gln Val Gln Ala Lys Asn Gln Gln Asn Gln Gln Pro 485 490 495 ggg cag tct ccc caa ggc atg cgg ccc atg agc aac atg agt gct agt 2735 Gly Gln Ser Pro Gln Gly Met Arg Pro Met Ser Asn Met Ser Ala Ser 500 505 510 cct atg gga gta aat gga ggt gta gga gtt caa acg ccg agt ctt ctt 2783 Pro Met Gly Val Asn Gly Gly Val Gly Val Gln Thr Pro Ser Leu Leu 515 520 525 tct gac tca atg ttg cat tca gcc ata aat tct caa aac cca atg atg 2831 Ser Asp Ser Met Leu His Ser Ala Ile Asn Ser Gln Asn Pro Met Met 530 535 540 agt gaa aat gcc agt gtg ccc tcc ctg ggt cct atg cca aca gca gct 2879 Ser Glu Asn Ala Ser Val Pro Ser Leu Gly Pro Met Pro Thr Ala Ala 545 550 555 560 caa cca tcc act act gga att cgg aaa cag tgg cac gaa gat att act 2927 Gln Pro Ser Thr Thr Gly Ile Arg Lys Gln Trp His Glu Asp Ile Thr 565 570 575 cag gat ctt cga aat cat ctt gtt cac aaa ctc gtc caa gcc ata ttt 2975 Gln Asp Leu Arg Asn His Leu Val His Lys Leu Val Gln Ala Ile Phe 580 585 590 cct acg ccg gat cct gct gct tta aaa gac aga cgg atg gaa aac cta 3023 Pro Thr Pro Asp Pro Ala Ala Leu Lys Asp Arg Arg Met Glu Asn Leu 595 600 605 gtt gca tat gct cgg aaa gtt gaa ggg gac atg tat gaa tct gca aac 3071 Val Ala Tyr Ala Arg Lys Val Glu Gly Asp Met Tyr Glu Ser Ala Asn 610 615 620 aat cga gcg gaa tac tac cac ctt cta gct gag aaa atc tat aag atc 3119 Asn Arg Ala Glu Tyr Tyr His Leu Leu Ala Glu Lys Ile Tyr Lys Ile 625 630 635 640 cag aaa gaa cta gaa gaa aaa cga agg acc aga cta cag aag cag aac 3167 Gln Lys Glu Leu Glu Glu Lys Arg Arg Thr Arg Leu Gln Lys Gln Asn 645 650 655 atg cta cca aat gct gca ggc atg gtt cca gtt tcc atg aat cca ggg 3215 Met Leu Pro Asn Ala Ala Gly Met Val Pro Val Ser Met Asn Pro Gly 660 665 670 cct aac atg gga cag ccg caa cca gga atg act tct aat ggc cct cta 3263 Pro Asn Met Gly Gln Pro Gln Pro Gly Met Thr Ser Asn Gly Pro Leu 675 680 685 cct gac cca agt atg atc cgt ggc agt gtg cca aac cag atg atg cct 3311 Pro Asp Pro Ser Met Ile Arg Gly Ser Val Pro Asn Gln Met Met Pro 690 695 700 cga ata act cca caa tct ggt ttg aat caa ttt ggc cag atg agc atg 3359 Arg Ile Thr Pro Gln Ser Gly Leu Asn Gln Phe Gly Gln Met Ser Met 705 710 715 720 gcc cag ccc cct att gta ccc cgg caa acc cct cct ctt cag cac cat 3407 Ala Gln Pro Pro Ile Val Pro Arg Gln Thr Pro Pro Leu Gln His His 725 730 735 gga cag ttg gct caa cct gga gct ctc aac ccg cct atg ggc tat ggg 3455 Gly Gln Leu Ala Gln Pro Gly Ala Leu Asn Pro Pro Met Gly Tyr Gly 740 745 750 cct cgt atg caa cag cct tcc aac cag ggc cag ttc ctt cct cag act 3503 Pro Arg Met Gln Gln Pro Ser Asn Gln Gly Gln Phe Leu Pro Gln Thr 755 760 765 cag ttc cca tca cag gga atg aat gta aca aat atc cct ttg gct ccg 3551 Gln Phe Pro Ser Gln Gly Met Asn Val Thr Asn Ile Pro Leu Ala Pro 770 775 780 tcc agc ggt caa gct cca gtg tct caa gca caa atg tct agt tct tcc 3599 Ser Ser Gly Gln Ala Pro Val Ser Gln Ala Gln Met Ser Ser Ser Ser 785 790 795 800 tgc ccg gtg aac tct cct ata atg cct cca ggg tct cag ggg agc cac 3647 Cys Pro Val Asn Ser Pro Ile Met Pro Pro Gly Ser Gln Gly Ser His 805 810 815 att cac tgt ccc cag ctt cct caa cca gct ctt cat cag aat tca ccc 3695 Ile His Cys Pro Gln Leu Pro Gln Pro Ala Leu His Gln Asn Ser Pro 820 825 830 tcg cct gta cct agt cgt acc ccc acc cct cac cat act ccc cca agc 3743 Ser Pro Val Pro Ser Arg Thr Pro Thr Pro His His Thr Pro Pro Ser 835 840 845 ata ggg gct cag cag cca cca gca aca aca att cca gcc cct gtt cct 3791 Ile Gly Ala Gln Gln Pro Pro Ala Thr Thr Ile Pro Ala Pro Val Pro 850 855 860 aca cca cca gcc atg cca cct ggg cca cag tcc cag gct cta cat ccc 3839 Thr Pro Pro Ala Met Pro Pro Gly Pro Gln Ser Gln Ala Leu His Pro 865 870 875 880 cct cca agg cag aca cct aca cca cca aca aca caa ctt ccc caa caa 3887 Pro Pro Arg Gln Thr Pro Thr Pro Pro Thr Thr Gln Leu Pro Gln Gln 885 890 895 gtg cag cct tca ctt cct gct gca cct tct gct gac cag ccc cag cag 3935 Val Gln Pro Ser Leu Pro Ala Ala Pro Ser Ala Asp Gln Pro Gln Gln 900 905 910 cag cct cgc tca cag cag agc aca gca gcg tct gtt cct acc cca aac 3983 Gln Pro Arg Ser Gln Gln Ser Thr Ala Ala Ser Val Pro Thr Pro Asn 915 920 925 gca ccg ctg ctt cct ccg cag cct gca act cca ctt tcc cag cca gct 4031 Ala Pro Leu Leu Pro Pro Gln Pro Ala Thr Pro Leu Ser Gln Pro Ala 930 935 940 gta agc att gaa gga cag gta tca aat cct cca tct act agt agc aca 4079 Val Ser Ile Glu Gly Gln Val Ser Asn Pro Pro Ser Thr Ser Ser Thr 945 950 955 960 gaa gtg aat tct cag gcc att gct gag aag cag cct tcc cag gaa gtg 4127 Glu Val Asn Ser Gln Ala Ile Ala Glu Lys Gln Pro Ser Gln Glu Val 965 970 975 aag atg gag gcc aaa atg gaa gtg gat caa cca gaa cca gca gat acg 4175 Lys Met Glu Ala Lys Met Glu Val Asp Gln Pro Glu Pro Ala Asp Thr 980 985 990 cag ccg gag gat att tca gag tct aaa gtg gaa gac tgt aaa atg gaa 4223 Gln Pro Glu Asp Ile Ser Glu Ser Lys Val Glu Asp Cys Lys Met Glu 995 1000 1005 tct acc gaa aca gaa gag aga agc act gag tta aaa act gaa ata aaa 4271 Ser Thr Glu Thr Glu Glu Arg Ser Thr Glu Leu Lys Thr Glu Ile Lys 1010 1015 1020 gag gag gaa gac cag cca agt act tca gct acc cag tca tct ccg gct 4319 Glu Glu Glu Asp Gln Pro Ser Thr Ser Ala Thr Gln Ser Ser Pro Ala 1025 1030 1035 1040 cca gga cag tca aag aaa aag att ttc aaa cca gaa gaa cta cga cag 4367 Pro Gly Gln Ser Lys Lys Lys Ile Phe Lys Pro Glu Glu Leu Arg Gln 1045 1050 1055 gca ctg atg cca aca ttg gag gca ctt tac cgt cag gat cca gaa tcc 4415 Ala Leu Met Pro Thr Leu Glu Ala Leu Tyr Arg Gln Asp Pro Glu Ser 1060 1065 1070 ctt ccc ttt cgt caa cct gtg gac cct cag ctt tta gga atc cct gat 4463 Leu Pro Phe Arg Gln Pro Val Asp Pro Gln Leu Leu Gly Ile Pro Asp 1075 1080 1085 tac ttt gat att gtg aag agc ccc atg gat ctt tct acc att aag agg 4511 Tyr Phe Asp Ile Val Lys Ser Pro Met Asp Leu Ser Thr Ile Lys Arg 1090 1095 1100 aag tta gac act gga cag tat cag gag ccc tgg cag tat gtc gat gat 4559 Lys Leu Asp Thr Gly Gln Tyr Gln Glu Pro Trp Gln Tyr Val Asp Asp 1105 1110 1115 1120 att tgg ctt atg ttc aat aat gcc tgg tta tat aac cgg aaa aca tca 4607 Ile Trp Leu Met Phe Asn Asn Ala Trp Leu Tyr Asn Arg Lys Thr Ser 1125 1130 1135 cgg gta tac aaa tac tgc tcc aag ctc tct gag gtc ttt gaa caa gaa 4655 Arg Val Tyr Lys Tyr Cys Ser Lys Leu Ser Glu Val Phe Glu Gln Glu 1140 1145 1150 att gac cca gtg atg caa agc ctt gga tac tgt tgt ggc aga aag ttg 4703 Ile Asp Pro Val Met Gln Ser Leu Gly Tyr Cys Cys Gly Arg Lys Leu 1155 1160 1165 gag ttc tct cca cag aca ctg tgt tgc tac ggc aaa cag ttg tgc aca 4751 Glu Phe Ser Pro Gln Thr Leu Cys Cys Tyr Gly Lys Gln Leu Cys Thr 1170 1175 1180 ata cct cgt gat gcc act tat tac agt tac cag aac agg tat cat ttc 4799 Ile Pro Arg Asp Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Tyr Gln Asn Arg Tyr His Phe 1185 1190 1195 1200 tgt gag aag tgt ttc aat gag atc caa ggg gag agc gtt tct ttg ggg 4847 Cys Glu Lys Cys Phe Asn Glu Ile Gln Gly Glu Ser Val Ser Leu Gly 1205 1210 1215 gat gac cct tcc cag cct caa act aca ata aat aaa gaa caa ttt tcc 4895 Asp Asp Pro Ser Gln Pro Gln Thr Thr Ile Asn Lys Glu Gln Phe Ser 1220 1225 1230 aag aga aaa aat gac aca ctg gat cct gaa ctg ttt gtt gaa tgt aca 4943 Lys Arg Lys Asn Asp Thr Leu Asp Pro Glu Leu Phe Val Glu Cys Thr 1235 1240 1245 gag tgc gga aga aag atg cat cag atc tgt gtc ctt cac cat gag atc 4991 Glu Cys Gly Arg Lys Met His Gln Ile Cys Val Leu His His Glu Ile 1250 1255 1260 atc tgg cct gct gga ttc gtc tgt gat ggc tgt tta aag aaa agt gca 5039 Ile Trp Pro Ala Gly Phe Val Cys Asp Gly Cys Leu Lys Lys Ser Ala 1265 1270 1275 1280 cga act agg aaa gaa aat aag ttt tct gct aaa agg ttg cca tct acc 5087 Arg Thr Arg Lys Glu Asn Lys Phe Ser Ala Lys Arg Leu Pro Ser Thr 1285 1290 1295 aga ctt ggc acc ttt cta gag aat cgt gtg aat gac ttt ctg agg cga 5135 Arg Leu Gly Thr Phe Leu Glu Asn Arg Val Asn Asp Phe Leu Arg Arg 1300 1305 1310 cag aat cac cct gag tca gga gag gtc act gtt aga gta gtt cat gct 5183 Gln Asn His Pro Glu Ser Gly Glu Val Thr Val Arg Val Val His Ala 1315 1320 1325 tct gac aaa acc gtg gaa gta aaa cca ggc atg aaa gca agg ttt gtg 5231 Ser Asp Lys Thr Val Glu Val Lys Pro Gly Met Lys Ala Arg Phe Val 1330 1335 1340 gac agt gga gag atg gca gaa tcc ttt cca tac cga acc aaa gcc ctc 5279 Asp Ser Gly Glu Met Ala Glu Ser Phe Pro Tyr Arg Thr Lys Ala Leu 1345 1350 1355 1360 ttt gcc ttt gaa gaa att gat ggt gtt gac ctg tgc ttc ttt ggc atg 5327 Phe Ala Phe Glu Glu Ile Asp Gly Val Asp Leu Cys Phe Phe Gly Met 1365 1370 1375 cat gtt caa gag tat ggc tct gac tgc cct cca ccc aac cag agg aga 5375 His Val Gln Glu Tyr Gly Ser Asp Cys Pro Pro Pro Asn Gln Arg Arg 1380 1385 1390 gta tac ata tct tac ctc gat agt gtt cat ttc ttc cgt cct aaa tgc 5423 Val Tyr Ile Ser Tyr Leu Asp Ser Val His Phe Phe Arg Pro Lys Cys 1395 1400 1405 ttg agg act gca gtc tat cat gaa atc cta att gga tat tta gaa tat 5471 Leu Arg Thr Ala Val Tyr His Glu Ile Leu Ile Gly Tyr Leu Glu Tyr 1410 1415 1420 gtc aag aaa tta ggt tac aca aca ggg cat att tgg gca tgt cca cca 5519 Val Lys Lys Leu Gly Tyr Thr Thr Gly His Ile Trp Ala Cys Pro Pro 1425 1430 1435 1440 agt gag gga gat gat tat atc ttc cat tgc cat cct cct gac cag aag 5567 Ser Glu Gly Asp Asp Tyr Ile Phe His Cys His Pro Pro Asp Gln Lys 1445 1450 1455 ata ccc aag ccc aag cga ctg cag gaa tgg tac aaa aaa atg ctt gac 5615 Ile Pro Lys Pro Lys Arg Leu Gln Glu Trp Tyr Lys Lys Met Leu Asp 1460 1465 1470 aag gct gta tca gag cgt att gtc cat gac tac aag gat att ttt aaa 5663 Lys Ala Val Ser Glu Arg Ile Val His Asp Tyr Lys Asp Ile Phe Lys 1475 1480 1485 caa gct act gaa gat aga tta aca agt gca aag gaa ttg cct tat ttc 5711 Gln Ala Thr Glu Asp Arg Leu Thr Ser Ala Lys Glu Leu Pro Tyr Phe 1490 1495 1500 gag ggt gat ttc tgg ccc aat gtt ctg gaa gaa agc att aag gaa ctg 5759 Glu Gly Asp Phe Trp Pro Asn Val Leu Glu Glu Ser Ile Lys Glu Leu 1505 1510 1515 1520 gaa cag gag gaa gaa gag aga aaa cga gag gaa aac acc agc aat gaa 5807 Glu Gln Glu Glu Glu Glu Arg Lys Arg Glu Glu Asn Thr Ser Asn Glu 1525 1530 1535 agc aca gat gtg acc aag gga gac agc aaa aat gct aaa aag aag aat 5855 Ser Thr Asp Val Thr Lys Gly Asp Ser Lys Asn Ala Lys Lys Lys Asn 1540 1545 1550 aat aag aaa acc agc aaa aat aag agc agc ctg agt agg ggc aac aag 5903 Asn Lys Lys Thr Ser Lys Asn Lys Ser Ser Leu Ser Arg Gly Asn Lys 1555 1560 1565 aag aaa ccc ggg atg ccc aat gta tct aac gac ctc tca cag aaa cta 5951 Lys Lys Pro Gly Met Pro Asn Val Ser Asn Asp Leu Ser Gln Lys Leu 1570 1575 1580 tat gcc acc atg gag aag cat aaa gag gtc ttc ttt gtg atc cgc ctc 5999 Tyr Ala Thr Met Glu Lys His Lys Glu Val Phe Phe Val Ile Arg Leu 1585 1590 1595 1600 att gct ggc cct gct gcc aac tcc ctg cct ccc att gtt gat cct gat 6047 Ile Ala Gly Pro Ala Ala Asn Ser Leu Pro Pro Ile Val Asp Pro Asp 1605 1610 1615 cct ctc atc ccc tgc gat ctg atg gat ggt cgg gat gcg ttt ctc acg 6095 Pro Leu Ile Pro Cys Asp Leu Met Asp Gly Arg Asp Ala Phe Leu Thr 1620 1625 1630 ctg gca agg gac aag cac ctg gag ttc tct tca ctc cga aga gcc cag 6143 Leu Ala Arg Asp Lys His Leu Glu Phe Ser Ser Leu Arg Arg Ala Gln 1635 1640 1645 tgg tcc acc atg tgc atg ctg gtg gag ctg cac acg cag agc cag gac 6191 Trp Ser Thr Met Cys Met Leu Val Glu Leu His Thr Gln Ser Gln Asp 1650 1655 1660 cgc ttt gtc tac acc tgc aat gaa tgc aag cac cat gtg gag aca cgc 6239 Arg Phe Val Tyr Thr Cys Asn Glu Cys Lys His His Val Glu Thr Arg 1665 1670 1675 1680 tgg cac tgt act gtc tgt gag gat tat gac ttg tgt atc acc tgc tat 6287 Trp His Cys Thr Val Cys Glu Asp Tyr Asp Leu Cys Ile Thr Cys Tyr 1685 1690 1695 aac act aaa aac cat gac cac aaa atg gag aaa cta ggc ctt ggc tta 6335 Asn Thr Lys Asn His Asp His Lys Met Glu Lys Leu Gly Leu Gly Leu 1700 1705 1710 gat gat gag agc aac aac cag cag gct gca gcc acc cag agc cca ggc 6383 Asp Asp Glu Ser Asn Asn Gln Gln Ala Ala Ala Thr Gln Ser Pro Gly 1715 1720 1725 gat tct cgc cgc ctg agt atc cag cgc tgc atc cag tct ctg gtc cat 6431 Asp Ser Arg Arg Leu Ser Ile Gln Arg Cys Ile Gln Ser Leu Val His 1730 1735 1740 gct tgc cag tgt cgg aat gcc aat tgc tca ctg cca tcc tgc cag aag 6479 Ala Cys Gln Cys Arg Asn Ala Asn Cys Ser Leu Pro Ser Cys Gln Lys 1745 1750 1755 1760 atg aag cgg gtt gtg cag cat acc aag ggt tgc aaa cgg aaa acc aat 6527 Met Lys Arg Val Val Gln His Thr Lys Gly Cys Lys Arg Lys Thr Asn 1765 1770 1775 ggc ggg tgc ccc atc tgc aag cag ctc att gcc ctc tgc tgc tac cat 6575 Gly Gly Cys Pro Ile Cys Lys Gln Leu Ile Ala Leu Cys Cys Tyr His 1780 1785 1790 gcc aag cac tgc cag gag aac aaa tgc ccg gtg ccg ttc tgc cta aac 6623 Ala Lys His Cys Gln Glu Asn Lys Cys Pro Val Pro Phe Cys Leu Asn 1795 1800 1805 atc aag cag aag ctc cgg cag caa cag ctg cag cac cga cta cag cag 6671 Ile Lys Gln Lys Leu Arg Gln Gln Gln Leu Gln His Arg Leu Gln Gln 1810 1815 1820 gcc caa atg ctt cgc agg agg atg gcc agc atg cag cgg act ggt gtg 6719 Ala Gln Met Leu Arg Arg Arg Met Ala Ser Met Gln Arg Thr Gly Val 1825 1830 1835 1840 gtt ggg cag caa cag ggc ctc cct tcc ccc act cct gcc act cca acg 6767 Val Gly Gln Gln Gln Gly Leu Pro Ser Pro Thr Pro Ala Thr Pro Thr 1845 1850 1855 aca cca act ggc caa cag cca acc acc ccg cag acg ccc cag ccc act 6815 Thr Pro Thr Gly Gln Gln Pro Thr Thr Pro Gln Thr Pro Gln Pro Thr 1860 1865 1870 tct cag cct cag cct acc cct ccc aat agc atg cca ccc tac ttg ccc 6863 Ser Gln Pro Gln Pro Thr Pro Pro Asn Ser Met Pro Pro Tyr Leu Pro 1875 1880 1885 agg act caa gct gct ggc cct gtg tcc cag ggt aag gca gca ggc cag 6911 Arg Thr Gln Ala Ala Gly Pro Val Ser Gln Gly Lys Ala Ala Gly Gln 1890 1895 1900 gtg acc cct cca acc cct cct cag act gct cag cca ccc ctt cca ggg 6959 Val Thr Pro Pro Thr Pro Pro Gln Thr Ala Gln Pro Pro Leu Pro Gly 1905 1910 1915 1920 ccc cca cct aca gca gtg gaa atg gca atg cag att cag aga gca gcg 7007 Pro Pro Pro Thr Ala Val Glu Met Ala Met Gln Ile Gln Arg Ala Ala 1925 1930 1935 gag acg cag cgc cag atg gcc cac gtg caa att ttt caa agg cca atc 7055 Glu Thr Gln Arg Gln Met Ala His Val Gln Ile Phe Gln Arg Pro Ile 1940 1945 1950 caa cac cag atg ccc ccg atg act ccc atg gcc ccc atg ggt atg aac 7103 Gln His Gln Met Pro Pro Met Thr Pro Met Ala Pro Met Gly Met Asn 1955 1960 1965 cca cct ccc atg acc aga ggt ccc agt ggg cat ttg gag cca ggg atg 7151 Pro Pro Pro Met Thr Arg Gly Pro Ser Gly His Leu Glu Pro Gly Met 1970 1975 1980 gga ccg aca ggg atg cag caa cag cca ccc tgg agc caa gga gga ttg 7199 Gly Pro Thr Gly Met Gln Gln Gln Pro Pro Trp Ser Gln Gly Gly Leu 1985 1990 1995 2000 cct cag ccc cag caa cta cag tct ggg atg cca agg cca gcc atg atg 7247 Pro Gln Pro Gln Gln Leu Gln Ser Gly Met Pro Arg Pro Ala Met Met 2005 2010 2015 tca gtg gcc cag cat ggt caa cct ttg aac atg gct cca caa cca gga 7295 Ser Val Ala Gln His Gly Gln Pro Leu Asn Met Ala Pro Gln Pro Gly 2020 2025 2030 ttg ggc cag gta ggt atc agc cca ctc aaa cca ggc act gtg tct caa 7343 Leu Gly Gln Val Gly Ile Ser Pro Leu Lys Pro Gly Thr Val Ser Gln 2035 2040 2045 caa gcc tta caa aac ctt ttg cgg act ctc agg tct ccc agc tct ccc 7391 Gln Ala Leu Gln Asn Leu Leu Arg Thr Leu Arg Ser Pro Ser Ser Pro 2050 2055 2060 ctg cag cag caa cag gtg ctt agt atc ctt cac gcc aac ccc cag ctg 7439 Leu Gln Gln Gln Gln Val Leu Ser Ile Leu His Ala Asn Pro Gln Leu 2065 2070 2075 2080 ttg gct gca ttc atc aag cag cgg gct gcc aag tat gcc aac tct aat 7487 Leu Ala Ala Phe Ile Lys Gln Arg Ala Ala Lys Tyr Ala Asn Ser Asn 2085 2090 2095 cca caa ccc atc cct ggg cag cct ggc atg ccc cag ggg cag cca ggg 7535 Pro Gln Pro Ile Pro Gly Gln Pro Gly Met Pro Gln Gly Gln Pro Gly 2100 2105 2110 cta cag cca cct acc atg cca ggt cag cag ggg gtc cac tcc aat cca 7583 Leu Gln Pro Pro Thr Met Pro Gly Gln Gln Gly Val His Ser Asn Pro 2115 2120 2125 gcc atg cag aac atg aat cca atg cag gcg ggc gtt cag agg gct ggc 7631 Ala Met Gln Asn Met Asn Pro Met Gln Ala Gly Val Gln Arg Ala Gly 2130 2135 2140 ctg ccc cag cag caa cca cag cag caa ctc cag cca ccc atg gga ggg 7679 Leu Pro Gln Gln Gln Pro Gln Gln Gln Leu Gln Pro Pro Met Gly Gly 2145 2150 2155 2160 atg agc ccc cag gct cag cag atg aac atg aac cac aac acc atg cct 7727 Met Ser Pro Gln Ala Gln Gln Met Asn Met Asn His Asn Thr Met Pro 2165 2170 2175 tca caa ttc cga gac atc ttg aga cga cag caa atg atg caa cag cag 7775 Ser Gln Phe Arg Asp Ile Leu Arg Arg Gln Gln Met Met Gln Gln Gln 2180 2185 2190 cag caa cag gga gca ggg cca gga ata ggc cct gga atg gcc aac cat 7823 Gln Gln Gln Gly Ala Gly Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Gly Met Ala Asn His 2195 2200 2205 aac cag ttc cag caa ccc caa gga gtt ggc tac cca cca cag ccg cag 7871 Asn Gln Phe Gln Gln Pro Gln Gly Val Gly Tyr Pro Pro Gln Pro Gln 2210 2215 2220 cag cgg atg cag cat cac atg caa cag atg caa caa gga aat atg gga 7919 Gln Arg Met Gln His His Met Gln Gln Met Gln Gln Gly Asn Met Gly 2225 2230 2235 2240 cag ata ggc cag ctt ccc cag gcc ttg gga gca gag gca ggt gcc agt 7967 Gln Ile Gly Gln Leu Pro Gln Ala Leu Gly Ala Glu Ala Gly Ala Ser 2245 2250 2255 cta cag gcc tat cag cag cga ctc ctt cag caa cag atg ggg tcc cct 8015 Leu Gln Ala Tyr Gln Gln Arg Leu Leu Gln Gln Gln Met Gly Ser Pro 2260 2265 2270 gtt cag ccc aac ccc atg agc ccc cag cag cat atg ctc cca aat cag 8063 Val Gln Pro Asn Pro Met Ser Pro Gln Gln His Met Leu Pro Asn Gln 2275 2280 2285 gcc cag tcc cca cac cta caa ggc cag cag atc cct aat tct ctc tcc 8111 Ala Gln Ser Pro His Leu Gln Gly Gln Gln Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu Ser 2290 2295 2300 aat caa gtg cgc tct ccc cag cct gtc cct tct cca cgg cca cag tcc 8159 Asn Gln Val Arg Ser Pro Gln Pro Val Pro Ser Pro Arg Pro Gln Ser 2305 2310 2315 2320 cag ccc ccc cac tcc agt cct tcc cca agg atg cag cct cag cct tct 8207 Gln Pro Pro His Ser Ser Pro Ser Pro Arg Met Gln Pro Gln Pro Ser 2325 2330 2335 cca cac cac gtt tcc cca cag aca agt tcc cca cat cct gga ctg gta 8255 Pro His His Val Ser Pro Gln Thr Ser Ser Pro His Pro Gly Leu Val 2340 2345 2350 gct gcc cag gcc aac ccc atg gaa caa ggg cat ttt gcc agc ccg gac 8303 Ala Ala Gln Ala Asn Pro Met Glu Gln Gly His Phe Ala Ser Pro Asp 2355 2360 2365 cag aat tca atg ctt tct cag ctt gct agc aat cca ggc atg gca aac 8351 Gln Asn Ser Met Leu Ser Gln Leu Ala Ser Asn Pro Gly Met Ala Asn 2370 2375 2380 ctc cat ggt gca agc gcc acg gac ctg gga ctc agc acc gat aac tca 8399 Leu His Gly Ala Ser Ala Thr Asp Leu Gly Leu Ser Thr Asp Asn Ser 2385 2390 2395 2400 gac ttg aat tca aac ctc tca cag agt aca cta gac ata cac 8441 Asp Leu Asn Ser Asn Leu Ser Gln Ser Thr Leu Asp Ile His 2405 2410 tagagacacc ttgtattttg ggagcaaaaa aattattttc tcttaacaag actttttgta 8501 ctgaaaacaa tttttttgaa tctttcgtag cctaaaagac aattttcctt ggaacacata 8561 agaactgtgc agtagccgtt tgtggtttaa agcaaacatg caagatgaac ctgagggatg 8621 atagaataca aagaatatat ttttgttatg ggctggttac caccagcctt tcttcccctt 8681 tgtgtgtgtg gttcaagtgt gcactgggag gaggctgagg cctgtgaagc caaacaatat 8741 gctcctgcct tgcacctcca ataggtttta ttattttttt taaattaatg aacatatgta 8801 atattaatga acatatgtaa tattaatagt tattatttac tggtgcagat ggttgacatt 8861 tttccctatt ttcctcactt tatggaagag ttaaaacatt tctaaaccag aggacaaaag 8921 gggttaatgt tactttgaaa ttacattcta tatatatata aatatatata aatatatatt 8981 aaaataccag ttttttttct ctgggtgcaa agatgttcat tcttttaaaa aatgtttaaa 9041 aaaaa 9046 2 5443 DNA Mus musculus promoter (1)..(5443) 2 ggatcctgca aggtcacaca agggtctcca cccaccaggt gccctagtct caatttcagt 60 ttccatgcct tgttctcaca atgctggcct ccccagagct aatttggact ttgtttttat 120 ttcaaaaggg cctgaatgag gagtagatct tgtgctaccc agctctaagg gtgcccgtga 180 agccctcaga cctggagcct ttgcaacagc cctttaggtg gaagcagaat aaagcaattt 240 tccttaaagc caaaatcctg cctctagact cttcttctct gacctcggtc cctgggctct 300 agggtgggga ggtggggctt ggaagaagaa ggtggggaag tggcaaaagc cgatccctag 360 ggccctgtga agttcggagc cttccctgta cagcactggc tcatagatcc tcctccagcc 420 aaacatagca agaagtgata cctcctttgt gacttcccca ggcccagtac ctgtcaggtt 480 gaaacaggat ttagagaagc ctctgaactc acctgaactc tgaagctcat ccaccaagca 540 agcacctagg tgccactgct agttagtatc ctacgctgat aatatgcaga gctgggccac 600 agaagtcctg gggtgtagga actgaccagt gacttttcag tcggcaaagg tatgaccccc 660 tcagcagatg tagtaatgtc cccttagatc ccatcccagg caggtctcta agaggacatg 720 ggatgagaga tgtagtcatg tggcattcca aacacagcta tccacagtgt cccttgcccc 780 ttccacttag ccaggaggac agtaacctta gcctatcttt cttcctcccc atcctcccag 840 gacacacccc ctggtctgca gtattcattt cttccttcac gtcccctctg tgacttccat 900 ttgcaaggct tttgacctct gcagctgctg gaagatagag tttggcccta ggtgtggcaa 960 gccatctcaa gagaaagcag acaacagggg gaccagattt tggaaggatc aggaactaaa 1020 tcactggcgg gcctgggggt agaaaaaaga gtgagtgagt ccgctccagc taagccaagc 1080 tagtccccga gatactctgc cacagctggg ctgctcgggg tagctttagg aatgtgggtc 1140 tgaaagacaa tgggattgga agacatctct ttgagtctcc cctcaacccc acctacagac 1200 acactcgtgt gtggccagac tcctgttcaa cagccctctg tgttctgacc actgagctag 1260 gcaaccagag catgggccct gtgctgagga tgaagagttg gttaccaata gcaaaaacag 1320 caggggaggg agaacagaga acgaaataag gaaggaagaa ggaaaggcca gtcaatcaga 1380 tgcagtcaga agagatggga agccaacaca cagcttgagc agaggaaaca gaaaagggag 1440 agattctggg cataaggagg ccacagaaag aagagcccag gccccccaag tctcctcttt 1500 ataccctcat cccgtctccc aattaagccc actcttcttc ctagatcaga cctgagctgc 1560 agcgaagaga cccgtaggga ggatcacact ggatgaagga gatgtgtgga gaagtccagg 1620 gcaacctaag agccagagcc taaaagagca agagataaag gtgcttcaaa ggtggccagg 1680 ctgtgcacac agagggtcga ggactggtgg tagagcctca agataaggat gatgctcaga 1740 atgggcgggg ggggggattc tggggggggg agagagaagg tgagaaggag cctggaacag 1800 agaatctgga agcgctggaa acgataccat aaagggaaga acccaggcta cctttagatg 1860 taaatcatga aagacaggga gaagggaagc tggagagagt agaaggaccc cggggcaaga 1920 catggaagca aggacaagcc aggttgagcg ctccgtgaaa tcagcctgct gaaggcagag 1980 ccctggtatg agcaccagaa cagcagaggc tagggttaat gtcgagacag ggaacagaag 2040 gtagacacag gaacagacag agacggggga gccaggtaac aaaggaatgg tccttctcac 2100 ctgtggccag agcgtccatc tgtgtccaca tactctagaa tgttcatcag actgcagggc 2160 tggcttggga ggcagctgga aagagtatgt gagagccagg ggagacaagg gggcctagga 2220 aaggaagaag agggcaaacc aggccacaca agagggcaga gcccagaact gagttaactc 2280 cttccttgtt gcatcttcca taggaggcag tgggaactct gtgaccacca tcccccatga 2340 gcccccacta cccataccaa gtttggcctg agtggcattc taggttccct gaggacagag 2400 cctggccttt gtctcttgga cctgacccaa gctgacccaa tgttctcagt accttatcat 2460 gccctcaaga gcttgagaac caggcagtga catattaggc catgggctaa ccctggagct 2520 tgcacacagg agcctcaagt gacctccagg gacacagctg cagacaggtg gcctttatcc 2580 ccaaagagca accatttggc ataggtggct gcaaatggga atgcaaggtt gaatcaggtc 2640 ccttcaagaa tactgcatgc aagacctaag acccctggag agaggggtat gctcctgccc 2700 ccacccacca taaggggagt gaactatcct agggggctgg cgaccttggg gagacaccac 2760 attactgaga gtgctgagcc cagaaaaact gaccgccctg tgtcctgccc acctccacac 2820 tctagagcta tattgagagg tgacagtaga tagggtggga gctggtagca gggagagtgt 2880 tcctgggtgt gagggtgtag gggaaagcca gagcagggga gtctggcttt gtctcctgaa 2940 cacaatgtct acttagttat aacaggcatg acctgctaaa gacccaacat ctacgacctc 3000 tgaaaagaca gcagccctgg aggacagggg ttgtctctga gccttgggtg cttgatggtg 3060 ccacaaagga gggcatgagt gtgagtataa ggccccagga gcgttagaga agggcacttg 3120 ggaaggggtc agtctgcaga gcccctatcc atggaatctg gagcctgggg ccaactggtg 3180 taaatctctg ggcctgccag gcattcaaag cagcacctgc atcctctggc agcctgggga 3240 ggcggaaggg agcaaccccc cacttatacc ctttctccct cagccccagg attaacacct 3300 ctggccttcc cccttcccac ctcccatcag gagtggaggg ttgcagaggg agggtaaaaa 3360 cctacatgtc caaacatcat ggtgcacgat atatggatca gtatgtgtag aggcaagaaa 3420 ggaaatctgc aggcttaact gggttaatgt gtaaagtctg tgtgcatgtg tgtgtgtctg 3480 actgaaaacg ggcatggctg tgcagctgtt cagttctgtg cgtgaggtta ccagactgca 3540 ggtttgtgtg taaattgccc aaggcaaagt gggtgaatcc cttccatggt ttaaagagat 3600 tggatgatgg cctgcatctc aaggaccatg gaaaatagaa tggacactct atatgtgtct 3660 ctaagctaag gtagcaaggt ctttggagga cacctgtcta gagatgtggg caacagagac 3720 tacagacagt atctgtacag agtaaggaga gagaggaggg ggtgtagaat tctcttacta 3780 tcaaagggaa actgagtcgt gcacctgcaa agtggatgct ctccctagac atcatgactt 3840 tgtctctggg gagccagcac tgtggaactt caggtctgag agagtaggag gctcccctca 3900 gcctgaagct atgcagatag ccagggttga aagggggaag ggagagcctg ggatgggagc 3960 ttgtgtgttg gaggcagggg acagatatta agcctggaag agaaggtgac ccttacccag 4020 ttgttcaact cacccttcag attaaaaata actgaggtaa gggcctgggt aggggaggtg 4080 gtgtgagacg ctcctgtctc tcctctatct gcccatcggc cctttgggga ggaggaatgt 4140 gcccaaggac taaaaaaagg ccatggagcc agaggggcga gggcaacaga cctttcatgg 4200 gcaaaccttg gggccctgct gtcctcctgt cacctccaga gccaagggat caaaggagga 4260 ggagccagga caggagggaa gtgggaggga gggtcccagc agaggactcc aaatttaggc 4320 agcaggcata tgggatggga tataaagggg ctggagcact gagagctgtc agagatttct 4380 ccaacccagg taagagggag tttcgggtgg gggctcttca cccacaccag acctctcccc 4440 acctagaagg aaactgcctt tcctggaagt ggggttcagg ccggtcagag atctgacagg 4500 gtggccttcc accagcctgg gaagttctca gtggcaggag gtttccacaa gaaacactgg 4560 atgccccttc ccttacgctg tcttctccat cttcctcctg gggatgctcc tccccgtctt 4620 ggtttatctt ggctcttcgt cttcagcaag atttgccctg tgctgtccac tccatctttc 4680 tctactgtct ccgtgccttg ccttgccttc ttgcgtgtcc ttcctttcca cccatttctc 4740 acttcacctt ttctcccctt ctcatttgta ttcatccttc cttccttcct tccttccttc 4800 cttccttcct tccttccttc ctttctccct tccttccttc cttccttcct tccttccttc 4860 cttccttcct gtgtcagagt gctgagaatc acacctgggg ttcccaccct tatgtaaaca 4920 atcttccagt gagccacagc ttcagtgctg ctgggtgctc tcttaccttc ctcaccccct 4980 ggcttgtcct gttccatcct ggtcaggatc tctagattgg tctcccagcc tctgctactc 5040 ctcttcctgc ctgttcctct ctctgtccag ctgcgccact gtggtgcctc gttccagctg 5100 tggtccacat tcttcaggat tctctgaaaa gttaaccagg tgagaatgtt tcccctgtag 5160 acagcagatc acgattctcc cggaagtcag gcttccagcc ctctctttct ctgcccagct 5220 gcccggcact cttagcaaac ctcaggcacc cttaccccac atagacctct gacagagaag 5280 caggcacttt acatggagtc ctggtgggag agccataggc tacggtgtaa aagaggcagg 5340 gaagtggtgg tgtaggaaag tcaggacttc acatagaagc ctagcccaca ccagaaatga 5400 cagacagatc cctcctatct cccccataag agtttgagtc gac 5443 3 20 DNA Artificial Sequence Sense Primer using in PCR of Example 1 3 tcttagcaaa cctcaggcac 20 4 20 DNA Artificial Sequence Antisense Primer using in PCR of Example 1 4 ccaccattggttagtcccaa 20 5 20 DNA Artificial Sequence Sense Primer using in PCR of Example 2 5 gcaacaggtgcttagtatcc 20 6 20 DNA Artificial Sequence Antisense Primer using in PCR of Example 2 6 ctgttgcatg tgatgctgca 20

Claims

1. A transgenic animal wherein DNA encoding p300 and a promoter exerting its activity in myocardial cells are introduced.

2. The transgenic animal according to claim 1, wherein the promoter exerting its activity in myocardial cells is α-myosin heavy chain promoter.

3. A method of screening a substance having therapeutic activity for heart failure, the method comprising the steps of:

(1) administering a test substance to a transgenic animal according to claim 1 or 2; and

(2) confirming whether or not cardiac hypertrophy is suppressed in the transgenic animal.

4. A substance obtained by a screening method of claim 3.

5. A therapeutic agent for heart failure containing as an active component a substance obtained by a screening method of claim 3.