US20030019301A1 - Flow monitoring apparatus - Google Patents

Flow monitoring apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030019301A1
US20030019301A1 US09/889,261 US88926101A US2003019301A1 US 20030019301 A1 US20030019301 A1 US 20030019301A1 US 88926101 A US88926101 A US 88926101A US 2003019301 A1 US2003019301 A1 US 2003019301A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
flow
conduit
housing
flowmeter
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US09/889,261
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English (en)
Inventor
Andrew Richards
Brett Lestrange
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Expro North Sea Ltd
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to EXPRO NORTH SEA LIMITED reassignment EXPRO NORTH SEA LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LESTRANGE, BRETT, RICHARDS, ANDREW
Publication of US20030019301A1 publication Critical patent/US20030019301A1/en
Priority to US10/610,395 priority Critical patent/US6874374B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40—Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
    • G01F1/44—Venturi tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to flow monitoring apparatus for, and to a method of, monitoring the flow of a fluid in a pipe.
  • the present invention relates to a flowmeter for monitoring the flow of a liquid, gas, or multi-phase fluid through a conduit or pipe, particularly, but not exclusively, for use in downhole oilfield applications.
  • Venturi flowmeters with throat restrictions including those mentioned above generally work well in practice but suffer from the main disadvantage of bore restriction which, in many cases, prevents tools being run through the flowmeter. These tools also require pressure sensors to be provided in the wall of the tubing where failure of a sensor can lead to abandonment of the flowmeter.
  • Venturi flowmeter is disclosed in the applicant's PCT Publication No. WO 97/25594, in which a flow restrictor insert is located centrally in the bore of a conduit or pipe, the flow restrictor insert being arranged so as to create an annular flow path around the insert.
  • a remote pressure sensor downstream is used in conjunction with one of the pressure sensors at the Venturi, so as to be able to calculate fluid density ⁇ from the pressure difference as disclosed.
  • the flowmeter of WO 97/25594 suffers from the same disadvantage of bore restriction as the throat restrictor type. Wireline retrievable versions of both types can be used but these still require sensors in the tubing wall with the associated problems of sensor failure.
  • One embodiment of the flowmeter in WO 97/25594 provides sensors in the insert. When the insert is retrievable this provides an advantage over other embodiments in the event of sensor failure.
  • the housing conduit diameter is machined accurately as is the insert so that the spacing in the flow conduit is carefully controlled to provide flow rate calculations of much greater accuracy.
  • the retrievability of the housing conduit is also an advantage.
  • a flowmeter for measuring the flow rate of a fluid flowing through a conduit having an inside diameter comprising:
  • a housing conduit for location within a portion of the conduit, the housing conduit having an inner surface and an outer surface, said housing conduit having an outside diameter less than the inside diameter of the portion of the conduit;
  • locating means for locating the housing conduit within the conduit to provide sealing engagement between the housing conduit and the conduit;
  • flow restriction means disposed within the housing conduit to create a flow restriction zone at a portion of the housing conduit to provide a restriction to fluid flow through said housing conduit
  • pressure measurement means disposed in the housing conduit for measuring pressure of the fluid at least at two spaced pressure measurement locations along the length of the housing conduit to measure a pressure at an unrestricted flow location and at the flow restriction location, said housing conduit having predetermined internal diameters at the first and second pressure measuring locations.
  • the flow restriction means is a generally cylindrical insert having a leading end on which fluid flowing through the housing conduit impinges, said leading end being coupled to a body of substantially constant diameter, the diameter of the leading end being less than the diameter of the body of the insert, an annular flow path being created around said insert, one of said pressure measurement locations being in said body at said substantially constant diameter to measure pressure at said flow restriction location.
  • the flow restriction means is an annular body having a leading end coupled to a generally cylindrical restriction portion having a circular cross-section orifice, wherein the diameter of the circular cross-section is less than the diameter of the leading end, and wherein the annular body lies adjacent to the inner surface of the housing conduit such that fluid flowing through the housing conduit flows through the circular cross-section.
  • the annular body is formed integrally with the housing conduit.
  • the annular body is an insert adapted to be sealingly engaged within the housing conduit.
  • the locating means includes locking means and sealing means for locking and sealing the housing conduit to the flow conduit, such that when the flowmeter is located in the flow conduit, fluid can only flow through the housing conduit.
  • the locking means and the sealing means are integral, such that the housing conduit is simultaneously engaged by the locking means and sealed to the conduit by the sealing means.
  • the locking means and the sealing means are separate, such that the housing conduit is separately engaged by the locking means and sealed to the conduit by the sealing means.
  • flow restriction centralising means are provided for centralising the flow restriction means within the housing conduit.
  • the pressure measurement means are differential pressure sensors.
  • the pressure measurement means are absolute pressure sensors.
  • one of the pressure measurement means is located at the leading edge of the flow restriction means for measuring the pressure at the unrestricted flow location, and the other pressure measurement means is located at a point along the length of the body of substantially constant diameter of the flow restriction means, for measuring the pressure at the restricted flow location.
  • a method of measuring the flow rate of a fluid flowing through a flow conduit comprising the steps of:
  • a flowmeter for measuring a range of flow rates in flow conduits having different diameters comprising:
  • a housing conduit selectable from a range of housing conduits of different diameters
  • sealing means coupled to said selected housing conduit for sealingly engaging the internal surface of said flow conduit
  • a flow restrictor element releasably engageable with said housing conduit, said flow restrictor element being selectable from a range of flow restrictor elements of different diameters, the flow restrictor element having at least two spaced pressure measurement means for measuring pressure at an unrestricted flow location and a restricted flow location, said housing conduit and said flow restrictor being interchangeable with other housing conduits and flow restrictors from the respective ranges to allow the flowmeter to be assembled for use with a range of flow rates and flow conduit diameters.
  • the flow restrictor insert is a generally cylindrical annular element centrally disposed in the housing conduit for creating an annular flowpath.
  • the flow restrictor insert is a tubular insert with a restriction throat of a reduced diameter.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a wellbore incorporating a flowmeter in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the flowmeter of FIG. 1 in more detail and shown to a larger scale;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the flowmeter of FIG. 2 taken along lines A-A, and
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a flowmeter in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a flowmeter indicated generally by reference numeral 20 for measuring the flow rate of a fluid 22 flowing through a wellbore 24 provided by well tubing 26 .
  • the flowmeter comprises a housing conduit 28 , a locking seal 30 and flow restriction insert 32 centrally located in housing conduit so that fluid flows in an annulus 34 between the insert and housing conduit 28 .
  • the housing conduit 28 is a cylindrical sleeve having an open upper end 36 and a lower generally conical perforated end 38 to facilitate location of the flowmeter 20 in the well tubing 26 , and to permit fluid to flow through the sleeve 28 .
  • the sleeve 28 has a first cylindrical sleeve portion 28 a and a second cylindrical sleeve portion 28 b which are threaded together at location 40 to form the sleeve 28 .
  • the second sleeve portion 28 b can be unscrewed from its threaded engagement with the first sleeve portion 28 a , and be replaced with an alternative second sleeve portion as will be later described.
  • the sleeve 28 is located within the well tubing 26 by the locking seal 30 which, as will be described, locks the sleeve 28 to a mating surface (not shown) in well tubing 26 , and simultaneously seals the sleeve 28 to the well tubing 26 , so that fluid is prevented from flowing along the annulus 34 and flows through the sleeve 28 past the insert 32 , in the direction shown by the arrows 33 in FIG. 2.
  • the flow restriction insert 30 is in the general shape of a dart, i.e. having a pointed leading end in front of a wider body portion, the body portion tapering at its rear end towards an elongate cylindrical portion of smaller diameter which extends from the body.
  • the insert comprises a sensor housing 42 , an electronics housing 44 and a battery housing 46 arranged in series along the length of the sleeve 28 .
  • the sensor housing 42 has a tip 48 which forms part of a conical leading end 50 of the housing 42 , a cylindrical body 52 of constant outside diameter, and a trailing end 54 which tapers in a direction from the body 52 towards the electronics housing 44 .
  • an annulus 34 of constant width is formed between the outer surface of body 52 and the inner surface 58 of sleeve 28 .
  • the flow restriction insert 32 is centralised within the sleeve 28 by spaced flowrings 60 and 62 , as best seen in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 whilst permitting fluid to flow through the sleeve 26 .
  • flowring 60 shown at FIG. 3, includes a tubular collar 64 which is retained within sleeve 28 at the location 40 between the first sleeve portion 28 a and the second sleeve portion 28 b .
  • the flowring 60 includes four spring-loaded arms 66 a - d , spaced at 90° around the circumference of the sleeve 28 . Arms 66 a - d define quadrant gaps 68 , through which sleeve fluid flows.
  • locking seal 30 has a first threaded female opening 70 to receive a threaded end of the sleeve 28 so that seal 30 and sleeve 28 can be locked together.
  • the locking seal 30 has a second female opening with a latching ring 80 for engaging wireline or coiled tubing (not shown) for lowering/raising the flowmeter within the well tubing 26 .
  • the locking seal 30 has latching protrusions 82 for engaging a suitable packer (not shown) in the well tubing 26 to both lock and seal the sleeve 28 to the well tubing 26 in a known way.
  • a Venturi is formed by the restriction in the cross-sectional flow area in flowmeter 20 from full bore width at the tip 48 of the sensor housing 42 , to the annulus 34 .
  • a first pressure sensor 82 is disposed within the tip 48 to measure the full bore pressure and second pressure sensor 84 is disposed within the body 52 to measure the fluid pressure in annulus 34 .
  • second pressure sensor 84 is disposed within the body 52 to measure the fluid pressure in annulus 34 .
  • Pressure measurements are made at pre-programmed time intervals and the data obtained is recorded in memory electronics provided in the electronics housing 44 of the flow restriction insert 32 .
  • Data stored in the memory electronics can be retrieved by removing the flowmeter 20 to the surface and interfacing the flowmeter with a computer (not shown), for the transferral of stored data to the computer for calculation of the fluid flow rates, or the flowmeter 20 may be connected to the surface via a wireline connection (not shown) for downloading stored data.
  • suitable electronics may be provided within the flowmeter 20 to enable the flowmeter to perform the necessary calculations to determine the flow rates.
  • Power for the operation of the electronic equipment in the electronics housing 44 and for other operations of the flowmeter 20 is provided by an internal battery located in the battery housing 46 of flowmeter 20 .
  • Additional pressure sensors may be provided, such as the sensors 86 and 88 , disposed within the trailing end 54 of the sensor housing 42 .
  • the flow rate of fluid flowing through sleeve 28 may be calculated by measuring the pressure of the fluid at least at two spaced locations within the sleeve 28 , including a first location where fluid flow is unrestricted, and a second location where fluid flow is restricted.
  • sensors 82 , 84 , 86 and 88 may be provided to obtain the optimum flow rate calculations.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown an alternative embodiment of a flowmeter in accordance with the present invention, indicated generally by reference 100 , which comprises a housing conduit 102 , a locking seal 104 and a flow restrictor 106 .
  • the housing conduit 102 is a cylindrical sleeve similar to the sleeve 28 of FIGS. 1 to 3 , having an open upper end 108 and a conical perforated lower end 110 .
  • the sleeve 102 is located in well tubing 28 by the locking seal 104 in the same way as described with reference to the first embodiment.
  • the flow restrictor 106 is provided by a tubular insert 112 which is located within the sleeve 102 .
  • the tubular insert 112 has an upstream opening 114 , which tapers from its leading end where the fluid flow is unrestricted, towards a throat 116 of constant reduced diameter disposed centrally within the sleeve 102 , where fluid flow is restricted, then opens to downstream opening 118 .
  • a first pressure sensor 120 is disposed within a wall 122 of sleeve 102 to measure the pressure of the fluid where flow is unrestricted, the wall 122 being thick enough to be machined to create wall conduits 123 .
  • a second pressure sensor 124 is disposed within the insert 112 , to measure the pressure of the fluid in throat 116 . Pressure sensors 120 , 124 are linked such that a differential pressure measurement of the pressure difference between the sensors is obtained, thus enabling the fluid flow rate to be calculated as described above.
  • Various modifications may be made to the flowmeter of the first embodiment.
  • absolute pressure sensors can be used to sense pressure and the pressure difference then calculated.
  • power may be provided by a wireline connection to the surface.
  • An alternative second sleeve portion of different diameter may be connected to the first sleeve portion to vary the annulus spacing within the sleeve.
  • the entire insert can be unscrewed from the sleeve and inserted into a sleeve of different diameter.
  • a range of sleeves of different diameters and a range of inserts of different diameters are provided; the sleeves and inserts being advantageously interchangeable to create a flowmeter for use with different sizes of well tubing with a range of flowmeters.
  • the insert may also contain temperature measurement sensors.
  • the annulus spacing may be varied by locating a cylindrical sheath within the sleeve of the flowmeter to space the annulus to a predetermined value.
  • the second pressure sensor 124 may be disposed at any point along the throat 116 where fluid flow is restricted. Pressure sensors 120 and 124 may measure the absolute fluid pressures, the pressure difference being subsequently calculated. If desired, additional pressure sensors may be provided within the insert 102 and spaced along its length, to measure the pressure of the fluid flowing through the sleeve 102 at various points.
  • the insert 102 includes an electronics housing 126 for storing data obtained, and a battery housing 128 for providing power for operation of the flowmeter 100 as required.
  • the electronics and battery may be provided at the surface or externally from the flowmeter.
  • the flow restrictor 102 of flowmeter 100 is provided integrally with the sleeve 102 .
  • sensors 120 , 124 , the electronics housing 126 and battery housing 128 are provided within the wall 130 of the housing sleeve 102 .
  • sensors may be provided for measuring other parameters of the fluid flowing through the flowmeter such as temperature, fluid viscosity and the like.
  • the main advantage of providing a flowmeter 20 as a two-part component including a sleeve 28 and a flow restriction insert 32 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is that the relative spacing between the inner surface 58 of the sleeve 28 , and the outer surface of the sensor housing portion 42 is carefully controlled by precise machining of the component parts, and careful location of the flow restriction insert 32 within the housing conduit 28 , prior to insertion of the flowmeter 20 into the well tubing 26 . This permits more accurate flow rate measurements to be made than has hitherto been possible.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
US09/889,261 1999-01-13 2000-01-13 Flow monitoring apparatus Abandoned US20030019301A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/610,395 US6874374B2 (en) 1999-01-13 2003-06-30 Flowmeter apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9900569.6 1999-01-13
GB9900569 1999-01-13

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2000/000069 A-371-Of-International WO2000042391A1 (en) 1999-01-13 2000-01-13 Improved flow monitoring apparatus

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/610,395 Continuation US6874374B2 (en) 1999-01-13 2003-06-30 Flowmeter apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20030019301A1 true US20030019301A1 (en) 2003-01-30

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ID=10845855

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/889,261 Abandoned US20030019301A1 (en) 1999-01-13 2000-01-13 Flow monitoring apparatus
US10/610,395 Expired - Lifetime US6874374B2 (en) 1999-01-13 2003-06-30 Flowmeter apparatus

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/610,395 Expired - Lifetime US6874374B2 (en) 1999-01-13 2003-06-30 Flowmeter apparatus

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US20030019301A1 (no)
EP (1) EP1151249B1 (no)
AT (1) ATE506601T1 (no)
AU (1) AU770650B2 (no)
CA (1) CA2359007C (no)
DE (1) DE60045862D1 (no)
NO (1) NO330905B1 (no)
WO (1) WO2000042391A1 (no)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6865957B1 (en) * 2002-04-17 2005-03-15 Nathaniel Hughes Adaptable fluid mass flow meter device
US20090308597A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pressure and Friction Reducing Flow Adapter
US7992453B1 (en) * 2011-01-14 2011-08-09 Cameron International Corporation Erosion-resistant insert for flow measurement devices

Families Citing this family (12)

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NO320172B1 (no) * 2004-02-27 2005-11-07 Roxar Flow Measurement As Stromningsmaler og fremgangsmate for maling av individuelle mengder av gass, hydrokarbonvaeske og vann i en fluidblanding
DE102005038349B4 (de) * 2005-08-11 2008-04-10 Fritz Stephan Gmbh Pneumatischer Nebenwiderstand sowie Gasmischer
EP2072971A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-24 Services Pétroliers Schlumberger Variable throat venturi flow meter
NO20083981L (no) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-19 Statoilhydro Asa Anordning for maling av rater i individuelle faser av en flerfaset stromning
US8620611B2 (en) * 2009-08-13 2013-12-31 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method of measuring multi-phase fluid flow downhole
US8342238B2 (en) * 2009-10-13 2013-01-01 Baker Hughes Incorporated Coaxial electric submersible pump flow meter
US8919209B2 (en) * 2010-10-07 2014-12-30 General Electric Company Device for measuring the characteristics of a flow within a pipe
CN102095452A (zh) * 2010-12-17 2011-06-15 上海埃蹊恩贸易有限公司 多边形节流件
US10480312B2 (en) 2011-09-29 2019-11-19 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Electrical submersible pump flow meter
US9574438B2 (en) * 2014-04-15 2017-02-21 Baker Hughes Incorporated Fluid velocity flow meter for a wellbore
US9982519B2 (en) 2014-07-14 2018-05-29 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Flow meter well tool
CA3043857A1 (en) * 2016-11-11 2018-05-17 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Electrical submersible pump flow meter

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FR2735571B1 (fr) * 1995-06-15 1997-08-29 Schlumberger Services Petrol Debitmetre a venturi pour mesure dans une veine d'ecoulement d'un fluide
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6865957B1 (en) * 2002-04-17 2005-03-15 Nathaniel Hughes Adaptable fluid mass flow meter device
US20090308597A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pressure and Friction Reducing Flow Adapter
US7841399B2 (en) * 2008-06-13 2010-11-30 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pressure and friction reducing flow adapter
US7992453B1 (en) * 2011-01-14 2011-08-09 Cameron International Corporation Erosion-resistant insert for flow measurement devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1151249A1 (en) 2001-11-07
AU770650B2 (en) 2004-02-26
DE60045862D1 (de) 2011-06-01
US6874374B2 (en) 2005-04-05
CA2359007A1 (en) 2000-07-20
NO20013314D0 (no) 2001-07-04
EP1151249B1 (en) 2011-04-20
WO2000042391A1 (en) 2000-07-20
ATE506601T1 (de) 2011-05-15
NO20013314L (no) 2001-08-31
CA2359007C (en) 2005-03-15
AU2114800A (en) 2000-08-01
NO330905B1 (no) 2011-08-15
US20040031330A1 (en) 2004-02-19

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AS Assignment

Owner name: EXPRO NORTH SEA LIMITED, UNITED KINGDOM

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:RICHARDS, ANDREW;LESTRANGE, BRETT;REEL/FRAME:011985/0486;SIGNING DATES FROM 20010725 TO 20010801

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION