US20030007863A1 - Expansion turbine for low-temperature applications - Google Patents

Expansion turbine for low-temperature applications Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030007863A1
US20030007863A1 US09/953,791 US95379101A US2003007863A1 US 20030007863 A1 US20030007863 A1 US 20030007863A1 US 95379101 A US95379101 A US 95379101A US 2003007863 A1 US2003007863 A1 US 2003007863A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
shaft
turbine
roller
bearing ring
disk
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
US09/953,791
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US6508619B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Bosen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Copco Energas GmbH
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Atlas Copco Energas GmbH
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Assigned to ATLAS COPCO ENERGAS GMBH reassignment ATLAS COPCO ENERGAS GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BOSEN, WERNER
Publication of US20030007863A1 publication Critical patent/US20030007863A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F16C19/525—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions related to temperature and heat, e.g. insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
    • F16C35/073—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between shaft and inner race ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/06—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/20—Thermal properties
    • F16C2202/24—Insulating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/42—Pumps with cylinders or pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S384/00—Bearings
    • Y10S384/90—Cooling or heating
    • Y10S384/905—Temperature compensation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an expansion turbine for low-temperature applications.
  • the rotor of a turbine is connected with a metallic shaft over a large metal contact surface area with high contact pressure.
  • the shaft forms a heat bridge in which a large flow of heat is dissipated into the turbine stage from the chamber receiving the roller bearing.
  • the flow of heat being dissipated causes the roller support to falter.
  • the danger that the lubricant may no longer be capable of flowing due to cooling and thus lose its lubricating power, is particularly pronounced with roller bearings lubricated with grease or a minimum amount of oil.
  • the loss of heat of the roller bearings during rotation often makes it impossible to safely maintain the lubricant in a liquid state. Therefore, in low-temperature applications, roller bearings supporting the shaft of the rotor of an expansion turbine that are lubricated with a minimum amount of oil or with grease present serious problems.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an expansion turbine for low-temperature applications having adequate cold insulation for the roller bearing on the turbine side. Therefore, interface lubrication and thus the function of the roller bearing during operation are assured.
  • the insulating bush made of ceramic engineering material arranged between the inner ring of the roller bearing and the shaft.
  • the insulating bush thermally separates the inner ring of the bearing from the cold shaft.
  • the insulating bush has a disk-shaped shoulder on the turbine side that seals the space of the roller bearing of the turbine chamber from a loss of lubricant and thermally insulates this space.
  • the disk-shaped shoulder has two functions: it acts as a centrifugal ring that prevents lubricant from exiting the space of the roller bearing, and it forms an insulating body that reduces the dissipation of heat from the space of the roller bearing into the turbine stage. It is also possible to substitute a separate disk for the disk-like shoulder made of the ceramic material. This separate disk is arranged on the shaft and seals the space of the roller bearing of the turbine stage against loss of lubricant and thermally separates it from the turbine stage.
  • the ceramic engineering material used for producing the insulating bush has low thermal conductivity, whereby the linear coefficient of thermal expansion of the material deviates not much from the steel grades used for producing the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing. Because the coefficients of thermal expansion of the materials are similar, it is assured in low-temperature applications that the minor installed clearance required for the function of high-precision roller bearings is maintained. In addition, the roller bearings are not thermally distorted and the inner bearing rings do not become detached.
  • the ceramic engineering material of the insulating bush may have a thermal conductivity of 1.9 to 2.5 W/(mK) and comprises zirconium oxide and contains additions such as, for example yttrium oxide for stabilizing its structure.
  • the drawing shows a schematic of a longitudinal sectional view through an expansion turbine for low-temperature applications according to the present invention.
  • the expansion turbine contains a bearing housing 1 with a turbine stage 2 , to which a cold gas is admitted.
  • a turbine rotor 4 is arranged in an overhung position, and a roller support in the shaft that is lubricated with a minimum amount of oil or with grease.
  • the roller support comprises a roller bearing 5 neighboring the turbine stage 2 , an inner bearing ring 6 , rollers 7 , and an outer bearing ring 8 supported on the side of the housing.
  • the cold gas has a temperature between ⁇ 50° C. and ⁇ 160° C. enters turbine stage 2 along the periphery of turbine rotor 4 and is cooled in the expansion turbine to ⁇ 100° C. to ⁇ 200° C.
  • Turbine rotor 4 is connected with the end of shaft 3 , which is made of high-strength, heat-treatable steel via a large metal contact surface area under high contact pressure.
  • Shaft 3 forms a heat bridge.
  • a cold insulation located adjacent to turbine stage 2 is required for roller bearing 5 .
  • An insulating bush 9 made of ceramic engineering material is provided for this purpose.
  • Bush 9 is disposed between inner bearing ring 6 and shaft 3 .
  • Insulating bush 9 thermally separates inner bearing ring 6 from cold shaft 3 . Furthermore, insulating bush 9 has a disk-shaped shoulder 10 located on the side of the turbine, which thermally insulates the space of the roller bearing from turbine chamber 2 and, seals it against loss of lubricant. Instead of using the disk-shaped shoulder 10 it is possible to use a separate disk made of ceramic engineering material, this disk being arranged on the shaft 3 . The insulating bush 9 is seated on the shaft 3 in a fixed manner. When shaft 3 is rotating, disk-shaped should 10 or the separate disk acts as a centrifugal ring preventing lubricant from exiting from the space of the roller bearing.
  • the ceramic engineering material employed for producing insulating bush 9 has a very low thermal conductivity of from 1.9 to 2.5 W/(mK).
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion deviates not much from the values of the steel grades that can be employed for shaft 3 and inner bearing ring 6 . This safely prevents any impermissible thermal distortion or detachment of roller bearing 5 in low-temperature operations with the very small installed clearance required for the function of a high-precision antifriction bearing.
  • the ceramic engineering material of insulating bush 9 can be made of zirconium oxide, with additions such as, for example yttrium oxide for stabilizing the structure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)

Abstract

An expansion turbine for low-temperature applications containing a turbine stage into which a cold gas is admitted. A turbine rotor is mounted on a shaft. Also provided is a roller support for the shaft being lubricated with a minimum amount of oil or grease. The roller support contains a roller bearing located adjacent to the turbine stage. The roller bearing is comprised of an inner bearing ring, rollers, and an outer bearing ring supported on the side of the housing. An insulating bush made of ceramic engineering material is arranged between the inner bearing ring and the shaft. The bush thermally separates the inner bearing ring from the cold shaft.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention [0001]
  • The invention relates to an expansion turbine for low-temperature applications. [0002]
  • 2. The Prior Art [0003]
  • The rotor of a turbine is connected with a metallic shaft over a large metal contact surface area with high contact pressure. The shaft forms a heat bridge in which a large flow of heat is dissipated into the turbine stage from the chamber receiving the roller bearing. The flow of heat being dissipated causes the roller support to falter. The danger that the lubricant may no longer be capable of flowing due to cooling and thus lose its lubricating power, is particularly pronounced with roller bearings lubricated with grease or a minimum amount of oil. The loss of heat of the roller bearings during rotation often makes it impossible to safely maintain the lubricant in a liquid state. Therefore, in low-temperature applications, roller bearings supporting the shaft of the rotor of an expansion turbine that are lubricated with a minimum amount of oil or with grease present serious problems. [0004]
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an expansion turbine for low-temperature applications having adequate cold insulation for the roller bearing on the turbine side. Therefore, interface lubrication and thus the function of the roller bearing during operation are assured. [0005]
  • These and other objects are accomplished by providing an insulating bush made of ceramic engineering material arranged between the inner ring of the roller bearing and the shaft. The insulating bush thermally separates the inner ring of the bearing from the cold shaft. According to another embodiment of the invention, the insulating bush has a disk-shaped shoulder on the turbine side that seals the space of the roller bearing of the turbine chamber from a loss of lubricant and thermally insulates this space. The disk-shaped shoulder has two functions: it acts as a centrifugal ring that prevents lubricant from exiting the space of the roller bearing, and it forms an insulating body that reduces the dissipation of heat from the space of the roller bearing into the turbine stage. It is also possible to substitute a separate disk for the disk-like shoulder made of the ceramic material. This separate disk is arranged on the shaft and seals the space of the roller bearing of the turbine stage against loss of lubricant and thermally separates it from the turbine stage. [0006]
  • The ceramic engineering material used for producing the insulating bush has low thermal conductivity, whereby the linear coefficient of thermal expansion of the material deviates not much from the steel grades used for producing the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing. Because the coefficients of thermal expansion of the materials are similar, it is assured in low-temperature applications that the minor installed clearance required for the function of high-precision roller bearings is maintained. In addition, the roller bearings are not thermally distorted and the inner bearing rings do not become detached. The ceramic engineering material of the insulating bush may have a thermal conductivity of 1.9 to 2.5 W/(mK) and comprises zirconium oxide and contains additions such as, for example yttrium oxide for stabilizing its structure. [0007]
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
  • Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description considered in connection with the accompanying drawing. It is to be understood, however, that the drawing is designed as an illustration only and not as a definition of the limits of the invention. [0008]
  • The drawing shows a schematic of a longitudinal sectional view through an expansion turbine for low-temperature applications according to the present invention.[0009]
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • The expansion turbine contains a bearing [0010] housing 1 with a turbine stage 2, to which a cold gas is admitted. A turbine rotor 4 is arranged in an overhung position, and a roller support in the shaft that is lubricated with a minimum amount of oil or with grease. The roller support comprises a roller bearing 5 neighboring the turbine stage 2, an inner bearing ring 6, rollers 7, and an outer bearing ring 8 supported on the side of the housing.
  • The cold gas has a temperature between −50° C. and −160° C. enters turbine stage [0011] 2 along the periphery of turbine rotor 4 and is cooled in the expansion turbine to −100° C. to −200° C. Turbine rotor 4 is connected with the end of shaft 3, which is made of high-strength, heat-treatable steel via a large metal contact surface area under high contact pressure. Shaft 3 forms a heat bridge. To maintain the lubricant of the roller bearing in a liquid state, a cold insulation located adjacent to turbine stage 2 is required for roller bearing 5. An insulating bush 9 made of ceramic engineering material is provided for this purpose. Bush 9 is disposed between inner bearing ring 6 and shaft 3. Insulating bush 9 thermally separates inner bearing ring 6 from cold shaft 3. Furthermore, insulating bush 9 has a disk-shaped shoulder 10 located on the side of the turbine, which thermally insulates the space of the roller bearing from turbine chamber 2 and, seals it against loss of lubricant. Instead of using the disk-shaped shoulder 10 it is possible to use a separate disk made of ceramic engineering material, this disk being arranged on the shaft 3. The insulating bush 9 is seated on the shaft 3 in a fixed manner. When shaft 3 is rotating, disk-shaped should 10 or the separate disk acts as a centrifugal ring preventing lubricant from exiting from the space of the roller bearing.
  • As compared to steel, the ceramic engineering material employed for producing insulating bush [0012] 9 has a very low thermal conductivity of from 1.9 to 2.5 W/(mK). The coefficient of thermal expansion deviates not much from the values of the steel grades that can be employed for shaft 3 and inner bearing ring 6. This safely prevents any impermissible thermal distortion or detachment of roller bearing 5 in low-temperature operations with the very small installed clearance required for the function of a high-precision antifriction bearing.
  • The ceramic engineering material of insulating bush [0013] 9 can be made of zirconium oxide, with additions such as, for example yttrium oxide for stabilizing the structure.

Claims (4)

1. An expansion turbine for low-temperature applications, comprising:
a shaft;
a turbine stage into which cold gas is admitted;
a turbine rotor mounted to the shaft;
a roller support on the shaft, said roller support being lubricated with oil; the roller support comprising:
a roller bearing disposed next to the turbine stage, wherein said roller bearing comprises an inner bearing ring; rollers; and an outer bearing ring supported on the side of a housing; and
an insulating bush comprising ceramic engineering material disposed between said inner bearing ring on the shaft, wherein the insulating bush thermally separates said inner bearing from the shaft.
2. The expansion turbine according to claim 1, wherein the insulating bush comprises a disk-shaped shoulder on a side of the turbine, said shoulder sealing a space between the roller bearing and the turbine stage and thermally insulating the space.
3. The expansion turbine according to claim 1, further comprising a disk made of ceramic engineering material mounted on the shaft, said disk sealing the space between the roller bearing and the turbine stage from loss of lubricant and thermally insulating the space.
4. The expansion turbine according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic engineering material of the insulating bush (9) and of the disk has a thermal conductivity of 1.9 to 2.5 W/(mK).
US09/953,791 2001-07-06 2001-09-17 Expansion turbine for low-temperature applications Expired - Fee Related US6508619B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01116417.5 2001-07-06
EP01116417 2001-07-06
EP01116417A EP1273857B1 (en) 2001-07-06 2001-07-06 Turbo expander for cryogenic uses

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20030007863A1 true US20030007863A1 (en) 2003-01-09
US6508619B1 US6508619B1 (en) 2003-01-21

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Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1273857B1 (en)
DE (1) DE50107285D1 (en)

Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005033600A1 (en) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Device and method for cryogenically separating a gas mixture
CN102767403A (en) * 2012-07-04 2012-11-07 联优机械(常熟)有限公司 Transmission-shaft supporting mechanism of power-outputting device for turboexpander
WO2014134582A3 (en) * 2013-02-28 2014-10-23 Battelle Memorial Institute Gas seals for high temperature rotating shaft applications
US20170157407A1 (en) * 2015-12-08 2017-06-08 Intelligent Implants Limited System and method for an electrical implant device with increased patient compliance
US20180193645A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2018-07-12 Spr Therapeutics, Inc. Systems and methods to place one or more leads in tissue for providing functional and/or therapeutic stimulation

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EP2743461A1 (en) * 2011-08-30 2014-06-18 Aktiebolaget SKF Turbocharger bearing comprising an insulating sleeve between the inner bearing ring and the shaft
EP2565418B1 (en) * 2011-08-30 2014-03-05 Aktiebolaget SKF Turbocharger bearing comprising a sleeve between the inner bearing ring and the shaft
US20130319728A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 General Electric Company Apparatus and method to insulate a shaft
US8523733B1 (en) * 2012-07-30 2013-09-03 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vehicle driveline differential with improved efficiency during vehicle cold starts
JP7421331B2 (en) * 2019-12-26 2024-01-24 川崎重工業株式会社 helicopter transmission structure
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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005033600A1 (en) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Device and method for cryogenically separating a gas mixture
US20070000282A1 (en) * 2003-10-01 2007-01-04 Jean-Pierre Tranier Device and method for cryogenically seperating a gas mixture
US20180193645A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2018-07-12 Spr Therapeutics, Inc. Systems and methods to place one or more leads in tissue for providing functional and/or therapeutic stimulation
CN102767403A (en) * 2012-07-04 2012-11-07 联优机械(常熟)有限公司 Transmission-shaft supporting mechanism of power-outputting device for turboexpander
WO2014134582A3 (en) * 2013-02-28 2014-10-23 Battelle Memorial Institute Gas seals for high temperature rotating shaft applications
US20170157407A1 (en) * 2015-12-08 2017-06-08 Intelligent Implants Limited System and method for an electrical implant device with increased patient compliance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1273857A1 (en) 2003-01-08
US6508619B1 (en) 2003-01-21
DE50107285D1 (en) 2005-10-06
EP1273857B1 (en) 2005-08-31

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