US20020139118A1 - Method for the prevention of deposits in steam systems - Google Patents

Method for the prevention of deposits in steam systems Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20020139118A1
US20020139118A1 US10/106,105 US10610502A US2002139118A1 US 20020139118 A1 US20020139118 A1 US 20020139118A1 US 10610502 A US10610502 A US 10610502A US 2002139118 A1 US2002139118 A1 US 2002139118A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
steam
pressure
temperature
solubility
impurities
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/106,105
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erhard Liebig
Robert Svoboda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to ALSTOM (SWITZERLAND) LTD reassignment ALSTOM (SWITZERLAND) LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LIEBIG, ERHARD, SVOBODA, ROBERT
Publication of US20020139118A1 publication Critical patent/US20020139118A1/en
Assigned to ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD reassignment ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALSTOM (SWITZERLAND) LTD
Priority to US11/169,156 priority Critical patent/US20060010877A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
    • F01K21/06—Treating live steam, other than thermodynamically, e.g. for fighting deposits in engine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for preventing the deposition of impurities in steam systems, in which the steam of a given steam quality flowing in them is subjected to temperature and/or pressure changes.
  • the invention also relates to a steam system for carrying out the method.
  • the steam is led from a device for the provision of steam (waste-heat boiler, steam turbine plant, auxiliary steam generator, etc.) to the device for the use of steam, for example a gas turbine plant, in order to cool the components of the latter while being heated.
  • the cooling steam after flowing through the cooling system of, for example, the gas turbine plant, passes into the working medium of the gas turbine plant and ultimately, together with this, into the atmosphere.
  • the steam is led from a device for the provision of steam (waste-heat boiler, steam turbine plant, auxiliary steam generator, etc.) to the device for the use of steam, for example a gas turbine plant, in order to cool the components of the latter while being heated.
  • the cooling steam after flowing through the cooling system of the gas turbine plant, is supplied to a device for steam take-off (waste-heat boiler, steam turbine plant, technological process, etc.).
  • the device for the provision of steam (steam cooler, steam blower, steam filter, etc.) is identical to the device for steam take-off.
  • the device for the provision of steam makes steam having the appropriate parameters available to the device for the use of steam, in our case the gas turbine plant.
  • the steam After flowing through the cooling system of the gas turbine plant, the steam is returned to the device for the provision of steam, in order to carry out the pressure rise, cooling, cleaning and the like necessary for maintaining the circulation.
  • steam is injected as an additional working medium into the gas turbine plant in order to increase the mass flow of the working medium.
  • This may, in turn, take place in the form of the direct injection of steam into the working medium or indirectly after the flow through of gas turbine components to be cooled.
  • the steam may, however, also be injected in the form of a steam/air mixture, that is to say in combination with cooling air, into the working medium via an open air-cooling system, again indirectly, that is to say after the flow through of gas turbine components to be cooled.
  • the method of steam injection that is to say steam introduction, into the working medium of the gas turbine plant is also employed in the Cheng cycle.
  • the steam generated in the waste-heat boiler is injected completely into the gas turbine plant.
  • Impurities in the steam are distinguished by a particular steam solubility.
  • silicon dioxide SiO 2
  • SiO 2 is particularly important because of the problems involved in the purification of make-up water and condensate and also on account of the difficulties in detection by measurement. SiO 2 will therefore be used below, by way of example, to represent the multiplicity of possible impurities.
  • the object on which the invention is based is to make available a method for preventing the deposition of impurities in steam systems, in which method the disadvantages of the prior art are avoided.
  • the solution according to the invention for achieving the above object, in steam systems of this kind, in which the steam of a given steam quality flowing in them is subjected to temperature and/or pressure changes, is, by an appropriate structural configuration and design of the steam systems, to prevent the steam solubility of the impurities present in specific concentrations in the steam from being exceeded as a result of changes in the temperature and/or pressure conditions.
  • the essence of the invention is not, as hitherto according to the prior art, to bring the quality, that is to say the purity, of the steam to a specific very low value preventing deposits with high probability, but, instead, under the conditions given in practice for the steam quality and according to the solubility behavior of the impurities, to prevent a situation where a separation of the impurities in a steam system can occur at all.
  • the total “prepurification” of the water or of the steam is not actually necessary at all, but that it is sufficient to avoid critical parameters being reached in the steam system, that is to say to avoid steam parameters which entail a separation of impurities.
  • a first embodiment of the method according to the invention is distinguished in that the impurities are silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ).
  • the method is employed in the case of steam cooling or steam injection of a gas turbine plant. These are two particularly important applications of steam in gas turbine plants.
  • the temperature and/or pressure of the steam flowing in the steam system may be set in such a way that the steam solubility of the impurities present in a specific concentration in the steam is not exceeded in the steam system.
  • the latitude for the temperature and/or pressure parameters of the steam flowing in steam systems is usually sufficient to reduce even further the risk of deposits by a specific selection or optimization of at least one of these parameters.
  • the method can be organized in a particularly advantageous way in that both values are monitored simultaneously and the pair of values, namely the pressure and temperature of the steam in the steam system, never assumes a critical value, and in that particularly critical regions of the steam system with significant pressure drops are avoided.
  • this may also be carried out in that a lowering of the pressure such that the steam solubility of the impurities present in specific concentrations in the steam would be exceeded is compensated by means of a corresponding rise in the temperature.
  • a further exemplary embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the sole critical pressure drop in the steam system is placed at the outlet point of the steam from the device for the use of steam. Thus, deposits will occur at most in the outlet region which is easy to clean. If, moreover, the flow velocities of the steam are high at the outlet point, a self-cleaning effect may be established.
  • the invention comprises, furthermore, a steam system for carrying out one of the above-described methods.
  • FIG. 1 shows a solubility diagram for SiO 2 in water and steam
  • FIG. 2 shows an i,s-graph with lines of constant steam solubility of SiO 2 .
  • FIG. 3 shows an i,s-graph according to FIG. 2 with the parameter profile in a semi-open steam system.
  • FIG. 1 shows by way of example for all impurities a diagram for the solubility of SiO 2 in water or steam as a function of the temperature at pressures of 1 bar, 6 bar, 19 bar and 50 bar. It is clear that, for a pressure of 6 bar and a temperature of 400° C., SiO 2 is soluble in steam up to a concentration of approximately 1 mg/kg (1000 ppb).
  • a gas turbine plant is meant below a plant consisting of at least one compressor, of at least one combustion chamber and of at least one gas turbine. Air is sucked in and compressed by the compressor and is then supplied as combustion air to a combustion chamber, and the hot gas occurring there is expanded in a gas turbine so as to perform work.
  • the at least one gas turbine and the at least one compressor are located on one shaft.
  • the device for the use of steam may, in a gas turbine plant, be the entire plant, but also, for example, only one component of the casing or a blade row.
  • steam system in general, steam-cooling systems, but also steam-heating systems.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates, furthermore, various parameter changes together with the resulting effects on the steam solubility, again by the example of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 )
  • the maximum SiO 2 concentration soluble in steam amounts to 0.14 mg/kg (140 ppb) at the point B, it falls back to a value of 0.11 mg/k (110 ppb) at the point C.
  • the maximum SiO 2 concentration soluble in steam amounts to 0.11 mg/kg (110 ppb) at the point C, it rises to a value of 0.18 mg/kg (180 ppb) at the point D.
  • a temperature rise is therefore appropriate for counteracting or compensating a reduction in the steam solubility of the impurities due to a pressure drop.
  • Waste-heat boilers have up to three pressure stages and, possibly, intermediate super heating. There is therefore a multiplicity of possibilities for influencing the parameters of a corresponding steam system.
  • the steam serves for the cooling of components
  • the steam undergoes heating by heat absorption. Care must be taken, then, to ensure, in structural terms, that appropriate heating of the cooling steam takes place upstream of and/or in regions with a significant pressure drop.
  • FIG. 2 shows an h,s-diagram with lines of constant SiO 2 solubility in steam.
  • the steam solubility decreasing with a fall in pressure and a fall in temperature can be seen again.
  • the lines of constant SiO 2 steam solubility interestingly correspond approximately to the angle bisecting line between the lines of constant pressure and the lines of constant temperature.
  • the limit value (GW) for steam turbines is also illustrated.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates, additionally to FIG. 2, the changes of state to the steam within the steam system, in the present case a semi-open steam-cooling system of a gas turbine plant, in the form of an h,s-diagram (x-axis: entropy, y-axis: enthalpy).
  • the cooling steam has a pressure of 30 bar and a temperature of 360° C. at the point E (outlet from the device for the provision of steam).
  • the gas turbine plant or the component to be cooled for example a blade
  • pressure losses of approximately 8 bar and temperature losses of approximately 5 K occur.
  • the steam therefore has a pressure of approximately 22 bar and a temperature of 355° C.
  • the limit value for the SiO 2 concentration 3000 ppb (3 mg/kg). It can be seen, furthermore, that the region critical for deposits is the inlet region of the steam into the component to be cooled (device for the use of steam). However, the limit value GW conventionally used for steam systems and specified for steam turbine plants amounts to only 20 ppb.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
US10/106,105 2001-03-30 2002-03-27 Method for the prevention of deposits in steam systems Abandoned US20020139118A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/169,156 US20060010877A1 (en) 2001-03-30 2005-06-29 Method for the prevention of deposits in steam systems

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10116034A DE10116034A1 (de) 2001-03-30 2001-03-30 Verfahren zur Verhinderung von Ablagerungen in Dampfsystemen
DE10116034.8 2001-03-30

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/169,156 Continuation US20060010877A1 (en) 2001-03-30 2005-06-29 Method for the prevention of deposits in steam systems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20020139118A1 true US20020139118A1 (en) 2002-10-03

Family

ID=7679850

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/106,105 Abandoned US20020139118A1 (en) 2001-03-30 2002-03-27 Method for the prevention of deposits in steam systems
US11/169,156 Abandoned US20060010877A1 (en) 2001-03-30 2005-06-29 Method for the prevention of deposits in steam systems

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/169,156 Abandoned US20060010877A1 (en) 2001-03-30 2005-06-29 Method for the prevention of deposits in steam systems

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (2) US20020139118A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1245795A3 (de)
DE (1) DE10116034A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005046721B3 (de) * 2005-09-29 2006-10-26 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Steuerung der Kondensation von Flüssigkeiten in einer Dampfturbine und zugehörige Dampfturbine
US20140137564A1 (en) * 2012-11-19 2014-05-22 General Electric Company Mitigation of Hot Corrosion in Steam Injected Gas Turbines

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2595490A (en) * 1945-01-04 1952-05-06 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Prevention of siliceous deposition from steam
US4386498A (en) * 1980-10-15 1983-06-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method and apparatus for preventing the deposition of corrosive salts on rotor blades of steam turbines
US4492083A (en) * 1980-07-18 1985-01-08 Magma Power Company Geothermal salinity control system
US4509332A (en) * 1984-04-30 1985-04-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus for monitoring corrosive salt solutions in a low pressure steam turbine
US6038850A (en) * 1995-09-22 2000-03-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Combined cycle power plant
US6112524A (en) * 1998-10-02 2000-09-05 Union Oil Company Of California Method for removing contaminants from geothermal steam

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH625015A5 (de) * 1977-09-26 1981-08-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
JPH04119303U (ja) * 1991-04-09 1992-10-26 三菱重工業株式会社 ノズル
DE19544224B4 (de) * 1995-11-28 2004-10-14 Alstom Chemische Fahrweise eines Wasser/Dampf-Kreislaufes
DE19721854A1 (de) * 1997-05-26 1998-12-03 Asea Brown Boveri Verbesserung des Abscheidegrades von Dampfverunreinigungen in einem Dampf-Wasser-Separator
DE59807972D1 (de) * 1998-08-18 2003-05-22 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Dampfkraftanlage und Verfahren zum Anfahren und zur Reinigung deren Dampf-Wasserkreislaufs

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2595490A (en) * 1945-01-04 1952-05-06 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Prevention of siliceous deposition from steam
US4492083A (en) * 1980-07-18 1985-01-08 Magma Power Company Geothermal salinity control system
US4386498A (en) * 1980-10-15 1983-06-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method and apparatus for preventing the deposition of corrosive salts on rotor blades of steam turbines
US4509332A (en) * 1984-04-30 1985-04-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus for monitoring corrosive salt solutions in a low pressure steam turbine
US6038850A (en) * 1995-09-22 2000-03-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Combined cycle power plant
US6112524A (en) * 1998-10-02 2000-09-05 Union Oil Company Of California Method for removing contaminants from geothermal steam

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1245795A3 (de) 2004-10-06
DE10116034A1 (de) 2002-10-02
US20060010877A1 (en) 2006-01-19
EP1245795A2 (de) 2002-10-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5758485A (en) Method of operating gas turbine power plant with intercooler
Gallo A comparison between the HAT cycle and other gas-turbine based cycles: efficiency, specific power and water consumption
US7481265B2 (en) Air cooler for power plants and use of such an air cooler
JP2005527808A (ja) 少なくとも１つの高温原子炉のコアで生成される熱から電気を生成する方法及び装置
JP2007064049A (ja) ガスタービンコージェネレーション設備の廃熱回収システム
CA2615001C (en) Method for starting a steam turbine installation
US20040172947A1 (en) Turbine equipment and combined cycle power generation equipment and turbine operating method
US6881244B2 (en) Method and device for preventing deposits in steam systems
JPH10196316A (ja) コンバインド発電プラントおよびクローズド空気冷却ガスタービンシステム
US6128901A (en) Pressure control system to improve power plant efficiency
US20060010877A1 (en) Method for the prevention of deposits in steam systems
US5873238A (en) Startup cooling steam generator for combustion turbine
JP2003161164A (ja) コンバインドサイクル発電プラント
JP2005315127A (ja) ガスタービン
CN106017122A (zh) 凝汽器冷却管的进水流速的自动调节系统及其方法
JP4373420B2 (ja) コンバインド発電プラントおよびクローズド空気冷却ガスタービンシステム
JPH09250730A (ja) スクリューコンベア冷却装置
RU2144994C1 (ru) Парогазовая установка
CN210317416U (zh) 发电设备
CN105041394A (zh) 一种发电系统及其运行方法
CN105822363B (zh) 空冷系统以及用于空冷系统的控制方法
JP3872407B2 (ja) コンバインド発電プラントおよびクローズド空気冷却ガスタービンシステム
JP7095178B2 (ja) 発電設備
JP7380309B2 (ja) ボイラの化学洗浄方法
SU1544992A1 (ru) Способ работы тепловой электростанции

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: ALSTOM (SWITZERLAND) LTD, SWITZERLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LIEBIG, ERHARD;SVOBODA, ROBERT;REEL/FRAME:012897/0359

Effective date: 20020425

AS Assignment

Owner name: ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD, SWITZERLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ALSTOM (SWITZERLAND) LTD;REEL/FRAME:014770/0783

Effective date: 20031101

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION