US20020079303A1 - Method for large pressure vessel assembly - Google Patents

Method for large pressure vessel assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020079303A1
US20020079303A1 US09/745,840 US74584000A US2002079303A1 US 20020079303 A1 US20020079303 A1 US 20020079303A1 US 74584000 A US74584000 A US 74584000A US 2002079303 A1 US2002079303 A1 US 2002079303A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vessel
components
welding
pressure vessel
fabrication
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US09/745,840
Inventor
Henry Offer
David Sandusky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US09/745,840 priority Critical patent/US20020079303A1/en
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: OFFER, HENRY P., SANDUSKY, DAVID W.
Priority to CZ20014517A priority patent/CZ20014517A3/en
Priority to EP01310639A priority patent/EP1222989A3/en
Priority to KR1020010084075A priority patent/KR20020052991A/en
Priority to CN01145202A priority patent/CN1364678A/en
Priority to JP2001393064A priority patent/JP2002267783A/en
Publication of US20020079303A1 publication Critical patent/US20020079303A1/en
Priority to US10/254,911 priority patent/US20030024918A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C13/00—Pressure vessels; Containment vessels; Containment in general
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/12—Vessels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to assembly of reactor pressure. More specifically, the invention provides a method for assembling a pressure vessel in which all of the vessel sections are stacked vertically and welded essentially simultaneously.
  • the present invention seeks to fill that need.
  • the present invention provides a method for fabricating a vessel, comprising the steps of: arranging at least two components of the vessel in a generally vertical disposition, and welding the components together essentially simultaneously.
  • the method is used for fabrication of large pressure vessels such as those used in nuclear reactors.
  • the method of the invention allows many operations to progress in parallel using gas-shielded narrow groove weld processes.
  • Use of relatively low heat input gas shielded processes additionally allows elimination of multiple intermediate stress relief operations which also consume significant amounts of time in conventional practice.
  • Welding process time is further reduced if there is used a single-pass-per-layer technique, such as that described in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,670,072 (the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference), referred to herein occasionally as FineLineTM Welding.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the prior approach for fabrication of pressure vessels.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the fabrication method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown schematically a conventional approach to fabrication of large pressure vessels, employing what is referred to as a “series-joint shop” assembly approach.
  • a vessel component 2 typically cylindrical in shape, is mounted on a trolley assembly 4 with the longitudinal axis of the component essentially horizontal and parallel with the floor.
  • a second component 6 is brought into contiguous relationship with the first component 2 at region 8 , and the two components are welded together by rotation of the components below a conventional fixed welding head 10 , using a manual shielded metal arc process or other slow process. This is shown in more detail in Detail A of FIG. 1.
  • Further vessel components are brought into contact with each other sequentially, and welded into place.
  • the completed vessel 12 is then erected on site, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the method of the present invention.
  • Vessel components 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 are stacked vertically as shown in FIG. 2, either on site or in the fabrication shop, such that the components are each aligned vertically with respect to each other so that they can be welded together simultaneously.
  • assembly of the vessel components proceeds in parallel rather than sequentially.
  • the components are welded in the vertical configuration essentially simultaneously, i.e. they are welded using one or more welding heads such that the generation of a weld joining one pair of components occurs within 50 seconds to 3 minutes, more usually about 1 minute, of generation of a weld joining another pair of components.
  • the individual pieces are stacked up vertically with appropriate restraints.
  • the method of the invention employs a hydrostatic test pit to provide secure support and alignment of the individual sections.
  • the individual pieces may be shipped to the construction site and the stack-up of parts carried out on the vessel pedestal or on a temporary support.
  • Preliminary phases of pressure vessel construction may proceed in accordance with conventional practice.
  • the vessel segments are fixed in place and then joined utilizing an orbital welding head.
  • individual shell sections are rolled and welded from plates or forged and machined as ring forgings.
  • flange rings are forged and machined, and the bottom dome formed. All of these individual pieces may have preliminary operations performed, such as application of corrosion resistant cladding, if required.
  • Welding nozzles in this phase of the fabrication sequence is optional. As each piece is finished, narrow groove weld joint preparations are applied with the preferred embodiment applying FineLineTM Welding preparations.
  • the method of the invention constiutes a radical change in the approach and sequence of reactor pressure vessel assembly.
  • the primary use of the invention is in the construction of large nuclear reactor pressure vessels.
  • Competitive construction schedules are critical to the nuclear power business. This technique may also be applied to construction of large chemical vessels, especially field-erected vessels.
  • the fabrication method of the invention allows significant reductions in time needed to assemble a vessel of a given size and wall thickness.
  • Review of the shop fabrication schedule and sequence of a typical large reactor pressure vessel shows that parallel processing embodied by this invention potentially can eliminate 6 months to one year from a three year fabrication schedule. This constitutes a significant advantage. It also permits efficient site assembly of components for a vessel that would in some cases be too large to transport to the plant site as a single, pre-assembled unit.

Abstract

Method for fabricating a vessel, comprising the steps of arranging at least two components of the vessel in a generally vertical disposition and welding the components together essentially simultaneously. The method is particularly suitable for fabrication on site of large pressure vessels used in nuclear reactors.

Description

  • The present invention relates generally to assembly of reactor pressure. More specifically, the invention provides a method for assembling a pressure vessel in which all of the vessel sections are stacked vertically and welded essentially simultaneously. [0001]
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Fabrication of large pressure vessels, including nuclear reactor pressure vessels, is a very time-consuming and expensive process. In most cases, fabrication of the pressure vessel paces the entire plant construction project. Typically, pressure vessels are manufactured one piece at a time with the axis of the vessel horizontal to the floor, and the vessel segments are rotated below a fixed welding head (FIG. 1). [0002]
  • In order to be competitive in the electric power generation business, it is necessary to construct a power plant on a schedule comparable to competing forms of energy generation. Currently, nuclear reactors have a clear disadvantage to equivalent size fossil-fired generating plants because of the significantly longer time taken to complete the construction of the reactor pressure vessel, especially the welding assembly. [0003]
  • Presently, using conventional assembly methods, only small or incremental improvements in fabrication schedule are possible. A further difficulty is that, in some cases, the siting of a plant precludes shipment of a complete pressure vessel because of its large size. To significantly improve the pressure vessel fabrication schedule, a radical change in the assembly method and welding process is required. [0004]
  • A need exists for an improved method for fabricating pressure vessels. The present invention seeks to fill that need. [0005]
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • It has been discovered according to the present invention that it is possible to significantly reduce the overall time required to both assemble and weld join the segments of a large pressure vessel, such as used for a light water nuclear reactor. This is accomplished by abandoning conventional practices and assembly sequences and, instead, performing the assembly of the vessel in one location, usually the final site location, with the axis of the vessel in the final position, which is usually vertical. [0006]
  • The present invention provides a method for fabricating a vessel, comprising the steps of: arranging at least two components of the vessel in a generally vertical disposition, and welding the components together essentially simultaneously. Typically, the method is used for fabrication of large pressure vessels such as those used in nuclear reactors. [0007]
  • The method of the invention allows many operations to progress in parallel using gas-shielded narrow groove weld processes. Use of relatively low heat input gas shielded processes additionally allows elimination of multiple intermediate stress relief operations which also consume significant amounts of time in conventional practice. Welding process time is further reduced if there is used a single-pass-per-layer technique, such as that described in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,670,072 (the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference), referred to herein occasionally as FineLine™ Welding.[0008]
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [0009]
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the prior approach for fabrication of pressure vessels; and [0010]
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the fabrication method of the present invention.[0011]
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown schematically a conventional approach to fabrication of large pressure vessels, employing what is referred to as a “series-joint shop” assembly approach. In this method, a [0012] vessel component 2, typically cylindrical in shape, is mounted on a trolley assembly 4 with the longitudinal axis of the component essentially horizontal and parallel with the floor. A second component 6 is brought into contiguous relationship with the first component 2 at region 8, and the two components are welded together by rotation of the components below a conventional fixed welding head 10, using a manual shielded metal arc process or other slow process. This is shown in more detail in Detail A of FIG. 1. Further vessel components are brought into contact with each other sequentially, and welded into place. The completed vessel 12 is then erected on site, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the method of the present invention. [0013] Vessel components 14, 16, 18, 20 are stacked vertically as shown in FIG. 2, either on site or in the fabrication shop, such that the components are each aligned vertically with respect to each other so that they can be welded together simultaneously. According to the method of the present invention, assembly of the vessel components proceeds in parallel rather than sequentially. Thus, the components are welded in the vertical configuration essentially simultaneously, i.e. they are welded using one or more welding heads such that the generation of a weld joining one pair of components occurs within 50 seconds to 3 minutes, more usually about 1 minute, of generation of a weld joining another pair of components. This allows many operations to progress in parallel using high reliability welding techniques that can be performed in all positions including vertical, horizontal, and overhead. Various versions of narrow groove gas tungsten arc welding may fulfill this need, such as gas-shielded narrow groove weld processes. The optimum weld process for this application is a high deposition-rate version rate of FineLine™ welding referred to above. Typically, an orbital welding arrangement 22 is employed.
  • The individual pieces are stacked up vertically with appropriate restraints. Generally, the method of the invention employs a hydrostatic test pit to provide secure support and alignment of the individual sections. As an alternative, if transportation facilities do not allow shipment of a complete vessel to the construction site, at this point the individual pieces may be shipped to the construction site and the stack-up of parts carried out on the vessel pedestal or on a temporary support. [0014]
  • Preliminary phases of pressure vessel construction may proceed in accordance with conventional practice. According to one embodiment of the invention, the vessel segments are fixed in place and then joined utilizing an orbital welding head. Thus, individual shell sections are rolled and welded from plates or forged and machined as ring forgings. Likewise, flange rings are forged and machined, and the bottom dome formed. All of these individual pieces may have preliminary operations performed, such as application of corrosion resistant cladding, if required. Welding nozzles in this phase of the fabrication sequence is optional. As each piece is finished, narrow groove weld joint preparations are applied with the preferred embodiment applying FineLine™ Welding preparations. [0015]
  • Once stack-up of the pieces is completed, welding using the FineLine™ Welding process on as many joints as practical proceeds in parallel. Multiple welding heads may be mounted on a single joint and operated alternately or in parallel. Since welding position is not critical to the welding process being applied and the pieces remain stationary, this may include attachment of the bottom dome and installation of nozzle forgings. [0016]
  • Since the welding process used is shielded with dry inert gas(es), typically argon, and the narrow joint produces the benefits of reduced residual stresses, intermediate stress relief processes used in conventional practice may be deleted, providing further significant savings in construction time. Back-cladding of the major welds may be carried out while the vessel is set in the vertical position or, if logistics permit, after the vessel is moved into a horizontal position. Final post weld heat treatment may be performed in place or in a furnace. Alternately, individual welds or sections may be heat treated locally. [0017]
  • The FineLine™ Welding practice noted above has been developed and applied in the field to several piping system designs. Further development of the process has demonstrated that thick weld joints typical of reactor vessel construction can be performed practically and economically using a high deposition-rate version of this welding process. For the weld joint design and the welding process, the greatest productivity benefit results from the combination of a very high-aspect ratio joint and a single weld pass per layer (without lateral weld torch oscillation). [0018]
  • The method of the invention constiutes a radical change in the approach and sequence of reactor pressure vessel assembly. The primary use of the invention is in the construction of large nuclear reactor pressure vessels. Competitive construction schedules are critical to the nuclear power business. This technique may also be applied to construction of large chemical vessels, especially field-erected vessels. [0019]
  • The fabrication method of the invention allows significant reductions in time needed to assemble a vessel of a given size and wall thickness. Review of the shop fabrication schedule and sequence of a typical large reactor pressure vessel shows that parallel processing embodied by this invention potentially can eliminate [0020] 6 months to one year from a three year fabrication schedule. This constitutes a significant advantage. It also permits efficient site assembly of components for a vessel that would in some cases be too large to transport to the plant site as a single, pre-assembled unit.
  • While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. [0021]

Claims (8)

What is claimed is:
1. A method for fabricating a vessel, comprising the steps of:
arranging at least two components of said vessel in a generally vertical disposition; and
welding said components together essentially simultaneously.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said components are cylindrical.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the welding is gas-shielded narrow groove welding.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the components are assembled in a hydrostatic test pit.
5. A method according to claim 1, wherein said components are for use in a nuclear reactor.
6. A method according to claim 1, wherein multiple welding heads are mounted on a single joint and operated alternately.
7. A method according to claim 1, wherein multiple welding heads are mounted on a single joint and operated in parallel.
8. A method for fabricating a pressure vessel for a nuclear reactor, comprising the steps of:
arranging a plurality of components of said pressure vessel in a generally vertical disposition such that each of the components are alligned vertically with respect to each other; and
welding said components together essentially simultaneously.
US09/745,840 2000-12-26 2000-12-26 Method for large pressure vessel assembly Abandoned US20020079303A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/745,840 US20020079303A1 (en) 2000-12-26 2000-12-26 Method for large pressure vessel assembly
CZ20014517A CZ20014517A3 (en) 2000-12-26 2001-12-14 Assembly process of a big pressure vessel
EP01310639A EP1222989A3 (en) 2000-12-26 2001-12-19 Method for large pressure vessel assembly
KR1020010084075A KR20020052991A (en) 2000-12-26 2001-12-24 Method for large pressure vessel assembly
CN01145202A CN1364678A (en) 2000-12-26 2001-12-24 Mounting method of large pressure container
JP2001393064A JP2002267783A (en) 2000-12-26 2001-12-26 Assembling method of large pressure vessel
US10/254,911 US20030024918A1 (en) 2000-12-26 2002-09-26 Method for large pressure vessel assembly

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US09/745,840 US20020079303A1 (en) 2000-12-26 2000-12-26 Method for large pressure vessel assembly

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EP (1) EP1222989A3 (en)
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US20100224597A1 (en) * 2009-03-03 2010-09-09 Sorin Keller Method for joining two rotationally symmetrical metal parts by tungsten inert gas (tig) welding, and a device for carrying out the method
EP2460612A1 (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-06 Alstom Technology Ltd Method of manufacturing a rotor by vertical welding, with at least one slot at the upper part being welded the last
US20130119116A1 (en) * 2010-07-27 2013-05-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for welding half shells
US20140026418A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2014-01-30 Andritz Ag Process for manufacturing a yankee cylinder
CN103878468A (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 上海航天设备制造总厂 Welding method of large nuclear detecting container structure
CN104608074A (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-05-13 张家港市博天机械有限公司 Pressure vessel fixing device
CN104772724A (en) * 2015-03-27 2015-07-15 苏州市华宁机械制造有限公司 Pressure container clamp
CN104992738A (en) * 2014-07-29 2015-10-21 台山核电合营有限公司 Nuclear island main equipment installation process based on three-dimensional high-precision measurement
CN105149881A (en) * 2015-09-18 2015-12-16 武汉一冶钢结构有限责任公司 Pairing method of jointed storage tank
US20160207133A1 (en) * 2014-07-21 2016-07-21 Wooseok Sts Co., Ltd. Method of Manufacturing Small-Diameter Stainless Pipe
JP2016151481A (en) * 2015-02-17 2016-08-22 株式会社東芝 Core barrel manufacturing method and core barrel
CN110039266A (en) * 2019-05-23 2019-07-23 宜兴市压力容器厂有限公司 A kind of pressure-resistant welding method of pressure vessel circumferential weld
CN114559212A (en) * 2022-01-10 2022-05-31 浙江陶特容器科技股份有限公司 Method for manufacturing electronic grade hydrogen bromide welding gas cylinder for manufacturing high-end of integrated circuit

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US7926694B2 (en) * 2005-10-14 2011-04-19 Enrique Franco Apparatus for vertically manufacturing poles and columns
CN101695788B (en) * 2009-10-30 2011-08-10 天津振汉机械装备有限公司 Process for assembling and spot welding of circular seams of tank body of container
US11515056B2 (en) 2015-10-16 2022-11-29 Holtec International Nuclear waste storage canisters, welds, and method of fabricating the same
CN111215785B (en) * 2020-04-16 2020-09-08 广东电网有限责任公司东莞供电局 Welding method for high-pressure container

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100224597A1 (en) * 2009-03-03 2010-09-09 Sorin Keller Method for joining two rotationally symmetrical metal parts by tungsten inert gas (tig) welding, and a device for carrying out the method
US8436278B2 (en) * 2009-03-03 2013-05-07 Alstom Technology Ltd. Method for joining two rotationally symmetrical metal parts by tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, and a device for carrying out the method
US20130119116A1 (en) * 2010-07-27 2013-05-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for welding half shells
EP2460612A1 (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-06 Alstom Technology Ltd Method of manufacturing a rotor by vertical welding, with at least one slot at the upper part being welded the last
CN102528305A (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-07-04 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 Method of manufacturing rotor
US8448841B2 (en) 2010-12-03 2013-05-28 Alstom Technology Ltd Method for manufacturing a rotor
US9403243B2 (en) * 2011-03-21 2016-08-02 Andritz Ag Process for manufacturing a yankee cylinder
US20140026418A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2014-01-30 Andritz Ag Process for manufacturing a yankee cylinder
US9452498B2 (en) * 2011-03-21 2016-09-27 Andritz Ag Process for manufacturing a Yankee cylinder
US20140033789A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2014-02-06 Andritz Ag Process for manufacturing a yankee cylinder
CN103878468A (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-25 上海航天设备制造总厂 Welding method of large nuclear detecting container structure
US20160207133A1 (en) * 2014-07-21 2016-07-21 Wooseok Sts Co., Ltd. Method of Manufacturing Small-Diameter Stainless Pipe
CN104992738A (en) * 2014-07-29 2015-10-21 台山核电合营有限公司 Nuclear island main equipment installation process based on three-dimensional high-precision measurement
CN104608074A (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-05-13 张家港市博天机械有限公司 Pressure vessel fixing device
CN104608074B (en) * 2015-02-06 2016-07-13 张家港市博天机械有限公司 Pressure vessel fixes device
JP2016151481A (en) * 2015-02-17 2016-08-22 株式会社東芝 Core barrel manufacturing method and core barrel
CN104772724A (en) * 2015-03-27 2015-07-15 苏州市华宁机械制造有限公司 Pressure container clamp
CN105149881A (en) * 2015-09-18 2015-12-16 武汉一冶钢结构有限责任公司 Pairing method of jointed storage tank
CN110039266A (en) * 2019-05-23 2019-07-23 宜兴市压力容器厂有限公司 A kind of pressure-resistant welding method of pressure vessel circumferential weld
CN114559212A (en) * 2022-01-10 2022-05-31 浙江陶特容器科技股份有限公司 Method for manufacturing electronic grade hydrogen bromide welding gas cylinder for manufacturing high-end of integrated circuit

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CZ20014517A3 (en) 2002-08-14
JP2002267783A (en) 2002-09-18
KR20020052991A (en) 2002-07-04
EP1222989A2 (en) 2002-07-17
CN1364678A (en) 2002-08-21
EP1222989A3 (en) 2003-02-12
US20030024918A1 (en) 2003-02-06

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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:OFFER, HENRY P.;SANDUSKY, DAVID W.;REEL/FRAME:011749/0271

Effective date: 20010314

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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