US20020008925A1 - Gem identification viewer - Google Patents
Gem identification viewer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20020008925A1 US20020008925A1 US09/931,907 US93190701A US2002008925A1 US 20020008925 A1 US20020008925 A1 US 20020008925A1 US 93190701 A US93190701 A US 93190701A US 2002008925 A1 US2002008925 A1 US 2002008925A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- light
- filter
- gemstone
- gem
- viewing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=1C(CCC)CN1C=NC=N1 WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011013 aquamarine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011031 topaz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052853 topaz Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/02—Viewing or reading apparatus
- G02B27/022—Viewing apparatus
- G02B27/024—Viewing apparatus comprising a light source, e.g. for viewing photographic slides, X-ray transparancies
- G02B27/025—Viewing apparatus comprising a light source, e.g. for viewing photographic slides, X-ray transparancies and magnifying means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
- B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
- B65D5/44—Integral, inserted or attached portions forming internal or external fittings
- B65D5/50—Internal supporting or protecting elements for contents
- B65D5/5028—Elements formed separately from the container body
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
- B65D77/22—Details
- B65D77/24—Inserts or accessories added or incorporated during filling of containers
- B65D77/26—Elements or devices for locating or protecting articles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B25/00—Eyepieces; Magnifying glasses
- G02B25/002—Magnifying glasses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/87—Investigating jewels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/23—Gem and jewel setting
Definitions
- Gemologists have traditionally used the visible spectra of gemstones to help in their identification. When light passes through a gemstone, a portion of the visible spectrum of a gemstone may be observed by means of the spectroscope enabling a viewer, to see the pattern of sharp absorption lines and broad regions of absorption and transmission that are often characteristic of a particular gem material.
- This invention uses a selective filter to distinguish two different gemstones that may be similar in color, but differ in their visible spectra.
- One embodiment of the invention comprises:
- type-I a colorless diamonds which occur in nature from type-ii-a colorless diamonds (which are rare in nature and can be produced in the laboratory).
- the invention will make use of a bandpass filter with a center frequency of about 415 nanometers.
- the type I-a colorless diamonds will transmit this light and thus appear bright in the viewfinder.
- a type II a colorless diamond will appear dark.
- Such a test will allow jewelers to quickly determine whether further evaluation for synthetic diamond material is required;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic, exploded view of one embodiment of the gem identification viewer.
- the gem identification viewer comprises a viewing lens 10 which is aligned with filter 20 to form a filter assembly.
- the viewing lens 10 which is preferably a magnification lens, is separated from the filter 20 by a spacer 30 .
- the filter assembly is deposited in eyepiece 40 and a top ring 15 is placed over lens 10 to further secure the filter assembly within the eyepiece 40 .
- the eyepiece 40 has a distal end 45 which is aligned within housing 50 through the top of said housing.
- Housing 50 may comprise a hollow tube with a generally spherical cross-section. Housing 50 contains side opening 55 to permit placement of the gem on the transparent observation plate 60 .
- the eyepiece 40 is secured within housing 50 by virtue of a ball plunger 65 .
- the bottom of housing 50 is aligned with iris diaphragm 70 which contains an iris opening such that light transmitted into the housing 50 from its distal end is restricted in a way that does not allow light to be transmitted around the edge of the gemstone to be examined.
- the iris opening is adjustable.
- the iris diaphragm is aligned with first and second condenser lenses 80 a and 80 b which are oriented so as to condense light entering into the housing from the bottom opening.
- the diaphragm 70 and the first condenser lens 80 a are separated by spacer 85 a so as to protect the edge of the lens.
- the first and second lenses are similarly separated by spacer 85 b .
- the second condenser lens 80 b is secured by bottom ring 90 .
- Bottom ring 90 is preferably a tubular ring shape which has the inner diameter of a handheld flashlight.
- the user places a flashlight or other light source underneath the bottom ring 90 of the gem identification viewer so that light is transmitted up through the condenser lenses 80 a and 80 b , through the iris diaphragm 70 and through the viewing platform 60 .
- a gem is placed on the viewing platform 60 and, while viewing through the viewing lens 10 , the iris diaphragm 70 is adjusted so that little or no light is transmitted to the viewing lens 10 from outside the edge of the gem. This represents a significant advantage over reflected light observation.
- the viewer then notes the brightness of the gem. By proper selection of the filter, one gemstone will appear to transmit the light and it will appear bright, while the other gemstone will not transmit the light and it will appear dark.
- the amount of light that is passed through both the gem and the filter 20 thereby permits ready visual identification of gem type and gem authenticity as given above.
- colorless synthetic moissanite a new diamond imitation material, may be distinguished from natural diamond by a jeweler using the described method with a low pass filter having about a 430 nanometer cutoff.
- the location of the filter may be distal to the housing 50 relative to viewing lensl 0 . That is to say, the light may be filtered prior to transmission through the gem.
- the invention may deploy a monochromatic source at the critical wavelength either with or without a filter. The source should be portable, however, and thus sources requiring large power supplies are disfavored.
- Other embodiments may employ a light polarizing prism in place of the filter. By polarizing the source light before it reaches the gem, the transmitted light will be similarly polarized. Thus, a polarizing optical element placed in front of the lens can preferentially select out radiation transmitted with the same polarization.
- This may be used to distinguish gems based on their effect of polar qualities of light, or simply to act as a polar filter for filtering out non-critical wave length light while letting pre-polarized source light to be identified by a pre-lens polar optical element.
- the same principles may be employed using phase modulated light to distinguish gems.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Abstract
A gem identifying device using filtered transmitted light for use in distinguishing type-I colorless diamonds from type II colorless diamonds, and natural diamonds and gems from synthetic or treated diamonds and gems.
Description
- This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/262,762, filed on Jul. 28, 1999, and incorporated herein by reference.
- The identification of natural, synthetic, and laboratory-treated gemstones presents an ongoing challenge to gemologists and jewelers. To address this problem, practical instruments are needed that will enable gemstones to be distinguished from one another quickly and easily.
- Gemologists have traditionally used the visible spectra of gemstones to help in their identification. When light passes through a gemstone, a portion of the visible spectrum of a gemstone may be observed by means of the spectroscope enabling a viewer, to see the pattern of sharp absorption lines and broad regions of absorption and transmission that are often characteristic of a particular gem material.
- This invention uses a selective filter to distinguish two different gemstones that may be similar in color, but differ in their visible spectra. One embodiment of the invention comprises:
- a) a light source;
- b) a glass plate on which the gemstone is placed for observation;
- c) an iris diaphragm to restrict light from being transmitted around the edge of the gemstone being examined;
- d) a selective filter, chosen depending upon the spectra of the two gemstones to be distinguished;
- e) and a lens to view the gemstone in transmitted light.
- By means of this invention, and the proper selection of the filter, it is possible to directly observe whether or not a gemstone is transmitting the light passed by the filter. By proper selection of the filter, one gemstone will appear to transmit the light, and it will appear bright, while the other gemstone will not transmit the light, and it will appear dark. The idea of gem identification by using filtered transmitted light is one novel aspect of the invention. The apparatus also provides for a convenient and expedient gem identification process.
- There are several possible applications of this invention. Specific applications include distinguishing:
- a) type-I a colorless diamonds which occur in nature from type-ii-a colorless diamonds (which are rare in nature and can be produced in the laboratory). For this application, the invention will make use of a bandpass filter with a center frequency of about 415 nanometers. The type I-a colorless diamonds will transmit this light and thus appear bright in the viewfinder. In contrast, a type II a colorless diamond will appear dark. Such a test will allow jewelers to quickly determine whether further evaluation for synthetic diamond material is required;
- b) diamonds that have been treated with a high refractive index glass to hide the visibility of surface-reaching fractures from non-treated diamonds. Diamonds that have been treated with a high refractive index glass have an altered absorption pattern compared to untreated diamonds. The transmission based gem detection system described herein deploys a band-pass filter which selects for high refractive index glass;
- c) colorless diamond from colorless synthetic mossanite (silicon carbide—a new diamond imitation material). For this application, this instrument deploys a filter which filters out light at wavelengths above about 430 nanometers. Diamond is relatively transparent in this region below 430 nanometers, while moissanite is more opaque and light absorbing for this region. Thus, when the selective filter permits illumination of the gem only with light below 430 nanometers, the diamond appears bright through the viewer. The moissanite appears dark under the same circumstances.
- d) natural color gemstones from laboratory-treated colored gemstones and from synthetic colored gemstones.
- No other similar gem-testing instruments are known. There are several colored lenses that are sold by Hanneman Gemological Institute of Castro Valley, Calif. that distinguish certain types of colored gemstones based upon how the gemstones appear in reflected white light when viewed through the lens. For example, such lenses may be used to separate topaz from aquamarine gems. There is also a device, known as a phosphorescope used for visual observation, and an instrument used for measurement of differences in transparency of gemstones to short-wave ultraviolet radiation. However, none of these products work on the basis of the same principle as the instrument described herein.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic, exploded view of one embodiment of the gem identification viewer.
- In a preferred embodiment, shown in FIG. 1, the gem identification viewer comprises a
viewing lens 10 which is aligned withfilter 20 to form a filter assembly. Theviewing lens 10, which is preferably a magnification lens, is separated from thefilter 20 by aspacer 30. The filter assembly is deposited ineyepiece 40 and atop ring 15 is placed overlens 10 to further secure the filter assembly within theeyepiece 40. Theeyepiece 40 has adistal end 45 which is aligned withinhousing 50 through the top of said housing.Housing 50 may comprise a hollow tube with a generally spherical cross-section.Housing 50 containsside opening 55 to permit placement of the gem on thetransparent observation plate 60. Theeyepiece 40 is secured withinhousing 50 by virtue of aball plunger 65. The bottom ofhousing 50 is aligned withiris diaphragm 70 which contains an iris opening such that light transmitted into thehousing 50 from its distal end is restricted in a way that does not allow light to be transmitted around the edge of the gemstone to be examined. Optionally, the iris opening is adjustable. The iris diaphragm is aligned with first andsecond condenser lenses diaphragm 70 and thefirst condenser lens 80 a are separated byspacer 85 a so as to protect the edge of the lens. The first and second lenses are similarly separated byspacer 85 b. Thesecond condenser lens 80 b is secured bybottom ring 90.Bottom ring 90 is preferably a tubular ring shape which has the inner diameter of a handheld flashlight. - According to a preferred method of gem identification, the user places a flashlight or other light source underneath the
bottom ring 90 of the gem identification viewer so that light is transmitted up through thecondenser lenses iris diaphragm 70 and through theviewing platform 60. A gem is placed on theviewing platform 60 and, while viewing through theviewing lens 10, theiris diaphragm 70 is adjusted so that little or no light is transmitted to theviewing lens 10 from outside the edge of the gem. This represents a significant advantage over reflected light observation. The viewer then notes the brightness of the gem. By proper selection of the filter, one gemstone will appear to transmit the light and it will appear bright, while the other gemstone will not transmit the light and it will appear dark. The amount of light that is passed through both the gem and thefilter 20 thereby permits ready visual identification of gem type and gem authenticity as given above. For example, colorless synthetic moissanite, a new diamond imitation material, may be distinguished from natural diamond by a jeweler using the described method with a low pass filter having about a 430 nanometer cutoff. - In alternate embodiments, the location of the filter may be distal to the
housing 50 relative to viewing lensl0. That is to say, the light may be filtered prior to transmission through the gem. Alternatively, the invention may deploy a monochromatic source at the critical wavelength either with or without a filter. The source should be portable, however, and thus sources requiring large power supplies are disfavored. Other embodiments may employ a light polarizing prism in place of the filter. By polarizing the source light before it reaches the gem, the transmitted light will be similarly polarized. Thus, a polarizing optical element placed in front of the lens can preferentially select out radiation transmitted with the same polarization. This may be used to distinguish gems based on their effect of polar qualities of light, or simply to act as a polar filter for filtering out non-critical wave length light while letting pre-polarized source light to be identified by a pre-lens polar optical element. The same principles may be employed using phase modulated light to distinguish gems. Although modifications and changes may be suggested by those skilled in the art, it is the intention of the inventors to embody all warranted changes which reasonably come within the scope of their contribution to the art.
Claims (4)
1. A gemstone identifying apparatus comprising:
a) a light source;
b) a surface on which a gemstone may be placed for observation;
c) an iris diaphragm to restrict light from being transmitted around the edge of a gemstone to be examined;
d) a selective filter, chosen depending upon the spectra of the gemstone to be distinguished;
e) a viewing lens for viewing light to be passed through a gemstone and said filter.
2. The gem identifying apparatus of claim 1 wherein said filter is a band pass filter with a center of about 415 nm.
3. A gem identifying apparatus comprising:
a) a light source;
b) a surface on which the gemstone may be placed for observation;
c) a selective filter, chosen depending on the light transmission spectra of the gemstone to be distinguished;
d) a viewing lens for viewing light to be passed through the gemstone and filter.
4. The gem identifying apparatus of claim 6 wherein said filter is a band pass filter with a center of about 415 nm.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/931,907 US20020008925A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 | 2001-08-16 | Gem identification viewer |
US10/197,069 US6650489B2 (en) | 1998-07-28 | 2002-07-17 | Gem identification viewer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/262,762 US6199697B1 (en) | 1998-03-23 | 1999-03-04 | Fixing element for an article in a container |
US09/931,907 US20020008925A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 | 2001-08-16 | Gem identification viewer |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/262,762 Continuation US6199697B1 (en) | 1998-03-23 | 1999-03-04 | Fixing element for an article in a container |
US09/362,762 Continuation US6292315B1 (en) | 1998-07-28 | 1999-07-28 | Gem identification viewer |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/197,069 Continuation US6650489B2 (en) | 1998-07-28 | 2002-07-17 | Gem identification viewer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20020008925A1 true US20020008925A1 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
Family
ID=22998925
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/931,907 Abandoned US20020008925A1 (en) | 1998-07-28 | 2001-08-16 | Gem identification viewer |
US10/197,069 Expired - Lifetime US6650489B2 (en) | 1998-07-28 | 2002-07-17 | Gem identification viewer |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/197,069 Expired - Lifetime US6650489B2 (en) | 1998-07-28 | 2002-07-17 | Gem identification viewer |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US20020008925A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070083382A1 (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2007-04-12 | Reinitz Ilene M | Systems and methods for evaluating the appearance of a gemstone |
WO2017085730A1 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-26 | Dayalbhai Goti Shailesh | An apparatus and method for identifying synthetic diamonds |
BE1026517B1 (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-03-09 | Facets Int Besloten Vennootschap Met Beperkte Aansprakelijkheid | Diamond viewer |
US11448482B1 (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2022-09-20 | Gary Keith Robb | Firearm light accessory for brightness control |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1016537A3 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2007-01-09 | Wetenschappelijk En Tech Onder | METHOD FOR DISTINCTING COLORLESS AND ALMOST COLORLESS DIAMONDS AND ARRANGEMENT FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD. |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4577927A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1986-03-25 | Raney Gerard E | Portable unitary battery powered hand-held magnifying apparatus |
GB8514992D0 (en) | 1985-06-13 | 1985-07-17 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Differentiation technique |
IL92133A (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1993-01-31 | Uri Neta Haifa And Aharon Yifr | Method and apparatus for identifying gemstones, particularly diamonds |
US5835200A (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1998-11-10 | Gersan Establishment | Method and apparatus for examining an object |
US6014208A (en) * | 1995-07-24 | 2000-01-11 | Gersan Establishment | Examining a diamond |
US5835205A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1998-11-10 | C3, Inc. | Optical testing system for distinguishing a silicon carbide gemstone from a diamond |
US6292315B1 (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 2001-09-18 | Gemological Institute Of America, Inc. | Gem identification viewer |
-
2001
- 2001-08-16 US US09/931,907 patent/US20020008925A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-07-17 US US10/197,069 patent/US6650489B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070083382A1 (en) * | 2000-10-12 | 2007-04-12 | Reinitz Ilene M | Systems and methods for evaluating the appearance of a gemstone |
WO2017085730A1 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-26 | Dayalbhai Goti Shailesh | An apparatus and method for identifying synthetic diamonds |
BE1026517B1 (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-03-09 | Facets Int Besloten Vennootschap Met Beperkte Aansprakelijkheid | Diamond viewer |
US11448482B1 (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2022-09-20 | Gary Keith Robb | Firearm light accessory for brightness control |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20020180952A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
US6650489B2 (en) | 2003-11-18 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |