US20010019255A1 - Battery module structure for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Battery module structure for electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US20010019255A1
US20010019255A1 US09/751,297 US75129700A US2001019255A1 US 20010019255 A1 US20010019255 A1 US 20010019255A1 US 75129700 A US75129700 A US 75129700A US 2001019255 A1 US2001019255 A1 US 2001019255A1
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battery module
battery cells
battery
air
group
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US09/751,297
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US6437537B2 (en
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Sun-Soon Park
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Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/651—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations
    • H01M10/652—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations characterised by gradients
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery module structure for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a battery module structure for an electric vehicle in which an air plate is provided between battery cells to improve a cooling efficiency, thereby minimizing the accumulation of heat.
  • Rechargeable batteries are provided in an electric vehicle.
  • a plurality of battery cells is grouped together into a single mechanical and electrical unit called a battery module. These modules are electrically connected to form a battery pack, which powers the electronic drive systems.
  • a conventional battery module 51 is realized by grouping together a plurality of battery cells 50 .
  • the battery cells 50 are arranged side by side, and an end plate 52 is provided on both ends of the group of the battery cells 50 .
  • a band 53 connects the end plates 52 on two opposing sides of the group of the battery cells 50 .
  • each cell 50 If one of the cells 50 is significantly damaged by heat, the damaged cell 50 acts as a resistor such that high temperature heat is generated. This causes damage to an adjacent cell 50 , ultimately resulting in damage to the entire battery module 51 . At this time, each cell 50 exhibits a substantial difference in voltage such that undesirable affects are given to drive motors (not shown) of the electric vehicle.
  • the present invention has been made in an effort to solve the above problems.
  • the present invention provides a battery module structure for an electric vehicle comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged adjacent to one another to form a group of battery cells; an end plate provided on each end of the group of the battery cells; one or more bands provided on opposing sides of the group of the battery cells, the bands being fastened to the end plates; an air plate interposed between each pair of battery cells; and a fan unit provided on top of the battery module, the fan unit blowing air onto the battery module.
  • each air plate is rectangular in shape and an air passageway is formed within each air plate extending a length of the same.
  • the air passageway increases in its concavity and decreases in width as a center point of the air passageway is approached, the center point corresponding to a center portion of the battery module where the accumulation of heat is most severe.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery module for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the battery module of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an air plate taken along line III-III of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a conventional battery module for an electric vehicle.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of temperature contour lines of the battery module of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a battery module for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the battery module of FIG. 1.
  • a plurality of battery cells 1 are arranged adjacent to one another to form a group of battery cells, and an end plate 2 is provided on each end of the group of the battery cells 1 .
  • a battery module 20 is completed by a pair of bands 3 being provided on opposing sides of the group of the battery cells 1 , the bands 3 being fastened to the end plates 2 .
  • Interposed between each pair of battery cells 1 is an air plate 5 .
  • a total of nine air plates 5 are included in the battery module 20 .
  • grooves 4 are formed along a width of the end plates 2 at predetermined intervals.
  • each air plate 5 is rectangular in shape and an air passageway 11 is formed within each air plate 5 extending a length of the same.
  • the air passageway 11 increases in its concavity and decreases in width as a center point C is approached. Accordingly, a center portion B of the battery module 20 (see FIG. 1), where heat accumulates, is kept cool.
  • a fan unit 30 is provided on top of the battery module 20 .
  • the fan unit 30 blows air onto the battery module 20 .
  • Much of the air is forced through the air passageways 11 of the air plates 5 to thereby cool the cells 1 .
  • the flow of air increases at the center points C, then again slows at the distance from the center points C is increased. This enhances the dissipation of heat at the center portion B of the battery module 20 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a battery module structure for an electric vehicle comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged adjacent to one another to form a group of battery cells; an end plate provided on each end of the group of the battery cells; one or more bands provided on opposing sides of the group of the battery cells, the bands being fastened to the end plates; an air plate interposed between each pair of battery cells; and a fan unit provided on top of the battery module, the fan unit blowing air onto the battery module.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • (a) Field of the Invention [0001]
  • The present invention relates to a battery module structure for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a battery module structure for an electric vehicle in which an air plate is provided between battery cells to improve a cooling efficiency, thereby minimizing the accumulation of heat. [0002]
  • (b) Description of the Related Art [0003]
  • Rechargeable batteries are provided in an electric vehicle. However, because of limitations in capacity and size of a single battery, a plurality of battery cells is grouped together into a single mechanical and electrical unit called a battery module. These modules are electrically connected to form a battery pack, which powers the electronic drive systems. [0004]
  • As shown in FIG. 4, a [0005] conventional battery module 51 is realized by grouping together a plurality of battery cells 50. The battery cells 50 are arranged side by side, and an end plate 52 is provided on both ends of the group of the battery cells 50. A band 53 connects the end plates 52 on two opposing sides of the group of the battery cells 50.
  • However, in order to provide a uniform voltage and ensure a long life of the [0006] cells 50 that make up the battery module 51, it is necessary to maintain a uniform environment for all the cells 50. In particular, a difference in voltage occurs when the temperature of the cells 50 varies. Accordingly, a difference in temperature results by the accumulation of heat.
  • If one of the [0007] cells 50 is significantly damaged by heat, the damaged cell 50 acts as a resistor such that high temperature heat is generated. This causes damage to an adjacent cell 50, ultimately resulting in damage to the entire battery module 51. At this time, each cell 50 exhibits a substantial difference in voltage such that undesirable affects are given to drive motors (not shown) of the electric vehicle.
  • In the [0008] above battery module 51, areas where the heat is concentrated are formed as shown by temperature contour lines 54 of FIG. 5. This results in damage to the cells 50 and a difference in temperature in the battery module 51 such that a large voltage difference is generated.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention has been made in an effort to solve the above problems. [0009]
  • It is an object of the present invention to provide a battery module structure for an electric vehicle in which an air plate is provided between battery cells to improve a cooling efficiency, thereby minimizing a difference in temperature caused by the accumulation of heat. [0010]
  • To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a battery module structure for an electric vehicle comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged adjacent to one another to form a group of battery cells; an end plate provided on each end of the group of the battery cells; one or more bands provided on opposing sides of the group of the battery cells, the bands being fastened to the end plates; an air plate interposed between each pair of battery cells; and a fan unit provided on top of the battery module, the fan unit blowing air onto the battery module. [0011]
  • According to a feature of the present invention, each air plate is rectangular in shape and an air passageway is formed within each air plate extending a length of the same. [0012]
  • According to another feature of the present invention, the air passageway increases in its concavity and decreases in width as a center point of the air passageway is approached, the center point corresponding to a center portion of the battery module where the accumulation of heat is most severe. [0013]
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention, and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention: [0014]
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery module for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; [0015]
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the battery module of FIG. 1; [0016]
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an air plate taken along line III-III of FIG. 2; [0017]
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a conventional battery module for an electric vehicle; and [0018]
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of temperature contour lines of the battery module of FIG. 4. [0019]
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. [0020]
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a battery module for an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the battery module of FIG. 1. [0021]
  • A plurality of [0022] battery cells 1, ten for example, are arranged adjacent to one another to form a group of battery cells, and an end plate 2 is provided on each end of the group of the battery cells 1. A battery module 20 is completed by a pair of bands 3 being provided on opposing sides of the group of the battery cells 1, the bands 3 being fastened to the end plates 2. Interposed between each pair of battery cells 1 is an air plate 5. In the case where there are ten battery cells 1, therefore, a total of nine air plates 5 are included in the battery module 20. Also, grooves 4 are formed along a width of the end plates 2 at predetermined intervals.
  • With reference to FIG. 3, each [0023] air plate 5 is rectangular in shape and an air passageway 11 is formed within each air plate 5 extending a length of the same. The air passageway 11 increases in its concavity and decreases in width as a center point C is approached. Accordingly, a center portion B of the battery module 20 (see FIG. 1), where heat accumulates, is kept cool.
  • Further, with reference again to FIG. 1, a [0024] fan unit 30 is provided on top of the battery module 20. The fan unit 30 blows air onto the battery module 20. Much of the air is forced through the air passageways 11 of the air plates 5 to thereby cool the cells 1. Because of the formation of the air passageways 11 in an increasing concave shape and decreasing width as the center points C of the air plates 5 are approached, the flow of air increases at the center points C, then again slows at the distance from the center points C is increased. This enhances the dissipation of heat at the center portion B of the battery module 20.
  • In the present invention structured and operating as described above, since a rate at which heat is dissipated (Kcal/h) varies at different locations of the [0025] battery module 20, differences in temperature cause by the accumulation of heat between the cells 1 is minimized. Therefore, each cell 1 outputs a uniform voltage and the life cycle of the battery module 20 is increased.
  • Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail hereinabove, it should be clearly understood that many variations and/or modifications of the basic inventive concepts herein taught which may appear to those skilled in the present art will still fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention, as defined in the appended claims. [0026]

Claims (3)

What is claimed is:
1. A battery module structure for an electric vehicle comprising:
a plurality of battery cells arranged adjacent to one another to form a group of battery cells;
an end plate provided on each end of the group of the battery cells;
one or more bands provided on opposing sides of the group of the battery cells, the bands being fastened to the end plates;
an air plate interposed between each pair of battery cells; and
a fan unit provided on top of the battery module, the fan unit blowing air onto the battery module.
2. The battery module of
claim 1
 wherein each air plate is rectangular in shape and an air passageway is formed within each air plate extending a length of the same.
3. The battery module of
claim 2
 wherein the air passageway increases in its concavity and decreases in width as a center point of the air passageway is approached, the center point corresponding to a center portion of the battery module where the accumulation of heat is most severe.
US09/751,297 1999-12-30 2000-12-29 Battery module structure for improving cooling efficiency for electric vehicle Expired - Fee Related US6437537B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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KR99-66830 1999-12-30
KR1019990066830A KR100353998B1 (en) 1999-12-30 1999-12-30 Battery module structure for electric vehicles

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US6437537B2 US6437537B2 (en) 2002-08-20

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US20100047674A1 (en) * 2006-07-18 2010-02-25 Lg Chem, Ltd. Safety Switch Using Heat Shrinkage Tube and Secondary Battery Including The Same
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US20110117410A1 (en) * 2009-11-19 2011-05-19 Jihyoung Yoon Battery pack and heatsink frame
US20150079458A1 (en) * 2013-09-18 2015-03-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Service panel for accessing a serviceable part
US20160242271A1 (en) * 2015-02-18 2016-08-18 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic apparatus capable of efficient and uniform heat dissipation

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JP6025030B2 (en) * 2011-09-27 2016-11-16 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ Power storage device
KR101367210B1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2014-02-27 대한칼소닉주식회사 Battery cell of heat sink unit
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR100353998B1 (en) 2002-09-27
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US6437537B2 (en) 2002-08-20

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