US20010004442A1 - Energy recovery device - Google Patents
Energy recovery device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20010004442A1 US20010004442A1 US09/727,676 US72767600A US2001004442A1 US 20010004442 A1 US20010004442 A1 US 20010004442A1 US 72767600 A US72767600 A US 72767600A US 2001004442 A1 US2001004442 A1 US 2001004442A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- piston
- feed liquid
- energy recovery
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/06—Energy recovery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
- F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
- F04B9/109—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers
- F04B9/117—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers the pumping members not being mechanically connected to each other
- F04B9/1176—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers the pumping members not being mechanically connected to each other the movement of each piston in one direction being obtained by a single-acting piston liquid motor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Definitions
- This invention relates to an energy recovery device particularly but not exclusively for use in combination with reverse osmosis equipment such as is used, for example, in the desalination of water.
- Desalination plants are required to operate at the highest possible efficiency in order to keep the cost of water to a minimum. It is well known to employ energy recovery devices to recover energy from the waste liquor of reverse osmosis equipment. There are various known devices for recovering energy by changing the pressure energy of the waste liquor to shaft work, such as turbines, Pelton wheels and reverse running pumps. However, the conversion of fluid pressure to shaft work and then back again to fluid pressure is inherently less efficient than using fluid pressure directly.
- an energy recovery device comprising at least one cylinder, a piston slidable in the cylinder, first valve means for selectively connecting one end of the cylinder to waste liquid at a first relatively high pressure and to drain, second valve means for allowing feed liquid to enter the other end of the cylinder at a second lower pressure via a feed liquid entry port and to be discharged via a feed liquid discharge port from the other end of the cylinder in response to movement of the piston caused by waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder, and means ensuring that the area of the piston acting, in use, on the feed liquid is less than the area of the piston, in use, acted upon by the waste liquid so that the piston acts as a pressure intensifier to discharge feed liquid through the feed liquid discharge port at a higher pressure than the pressure of waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder.
- an energy recovery device comprising a valve housing, a slidable valve element in the valve housing and two cylinders extending from the valve housing in a direction transverse to the axis of movement of the valve element, the slidable valve element controlling the flow of liquid to and from both cylinders.
- an energy recovery device according to the first or the second aspect of the invention in combination with reverse osmosis equipment.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of an energy recovery device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a section taking along line II-II of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged section of part of the energy recovery device shown in FIG. 2, and
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1.
- an energy recovery device comprising three spool valves 10 each having a housing 11 provided with an inlet port 12 which is connected, in use, to a supply of waste liquid discharged from reverse osmosis equipment used, for example, in the desalination of water and an outlet port 13 connected to drain.
- Each spool valve 10 also comprises a linear drive unit 14 for driving a slidable valve element 9 to be described hereinafter.
- the three spool valves 10 are fixed together in side by side relationship by threaded rods 16 extending through the housings 11 .
- the energy recovery device also comprises two banks of cylinders 15 .
- Each bank comprises three cylinders 15 , the cylinders of one bank extending from one side of a respective housing 11 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of movement of the linear drive units 14 and the cylinders of the other bank extending from the other side of a respective housing 11 in an opposite direction.
- Each cylinder 15 has a port block 17 at its end remote from its respective spool valve 10 .
- Each port block 17 has a feed liquid entry port 18 and a feed liquid discharge port 19 .
- each cylinder 15 comprises a tubular shell 20 mounted in a recess 21 of a respective housing 11 .
- An O-ring seal 22 is provided in a groove in the shell 20 and forms a seal between the housing 11 and the shell 20 .
- the other end of each shell 20 is mounted in a recess 23 in a respective port block 17 .
- a further O-ring seal 24 is provided in a groove in the shell 20 and provides a seal between the port block 17 and the shell 20 .
- Tie rods 25 extend between each valve housing 11 and each port block 17 in order to clamp each shell 20 between a respective housing 11 and a respective port block 17 .
- Each cylinder 15 contains a hollow piston 26 .
- the end of the piston 26 adjacent to the valve housing 11 is closed, but the other end has an opening which receives a fixed rod 27 extending from the centre of the port block 17 .
- the piston 26 is slidable on the rod 27 and a seal 28 is provided between the piston 26 and the rod 27 to prevent flow of liquid between the interior of the hollow piston 26 and the annular space between the rod 27 and the shell 20 .
- Each housing 11 has a waste liquid inlet/outlet port 30 .
- Each port block 17 has a first non-return valve 31 for preventing feed liquid flowing from the cylinder through the feed liquid entry port 18 and a second non-return valve 32 for preventing liquid entering the cylinder through the feed liquid discharge port 19 .
- the interior of the piston 26 communicates with the feed liquid entry port 18 via a through bore 33 in the rod 27 .
- the linear drive unit 14 of each spool valve 10 comprises a piston 34 and a cylinder 35 .
- the piston 34 is connected to the slidable valve element 9 by a rod 36 and the cylinder has two air ports 37 and 38 .
- the slidable valve element 9 is slidable in a sleeve 39 contained within the housing 11 .
- the sleeve 39 has a first annular array of openings 40 which communicate with an annular groove 41 in the housing 11 and this annular groove communicates with the liquid inlet/outlet port 30 of the right hand cylinder, as shown in FIG. 2.
- the sleeve has a second annular array of openings 42 . These openings 42 communicate with an annular groove 43 of the housing 11 .
- the annular groove 43 communicates with the inlet port 12 .
- the sleeve also has a third annular array of openings 44 .
- the openings 44 communicate with an annular groove 45 of the housing 11 .
- This annular groove 45 communicates with the waste liquid inlet/outlet port 30 of the left hand cylinder, as shown in FIG. 2.
- the valve element 9 has a through bore 46 which is connected to the outlet port 13 of the spool valve 10 . It also has three lands 47 , 48 and 49 . The lands 46 and 48 are at opposite ends of the valve element 9 and each have a single annular seal 50 and 51 respectively. The central land 47 has two axially spaced seals 52 and 53 .
- a first annular groove 54 is defined between the lands 47 and 48 and a second annular groove 55 is defined between the lands 48 and 49 . These grooves are in fluid communication with one another via passages 56 in the land 48 . As shown, the annular groove 54 communicates with the second annular array of openings 42 in the sleeve 39 and the second annular groove 55 communicates with the third annular array of grooves 44 in the sleeve 39 . This places the left hand cylinder 15 in communication with the inlet port 12 and waste liquid discharged from the reverse osmosis equipment flows into the left hand cylinder 15 and moves the piston 26 towards its respective port block 17 to discharge feed liquid from the cylinder through the feed liquid discharge port 19 .
- the rod 27 ensures that the area of the piston 26 acting on the feed liquid is less than the area of the piston acted upon by the waste liquid so that the piston acts as a pressure intensifier to discharge feed liquid through the feed liquid discharge port 19 at a higher pressure than the pressure of waste liquid entering the other end of the cylinder.
- the feed liquid can therefore be fed to the reverse osmosis equipment without the need for a booster pump.
- the first annular array of openings 40 communicates with the through bore of the valve element 9 and thus with the outlet port 13 . This enables feed liquid to enter the feed liquid entry port 18 of the right hand cylinder 15 and discharge waste liquid from the right hand cylinder 15 to drain via the outlet port 13 .
- Air is then admitted to the cylinder 35 through the port 38 while port 37 is vented to atmosphere. This moves the piston 34 upwards and moves the valve element 9 to a position in which the right hand cylinder 15 is connected to a supply of waste liquid discharged from the reverse osmosis equipment and in which the left hand cylinder 15 is connected to drain.
- the timing of the operation of the energy recovery device can be varied by controlling the supply of air to the pistons 34 .
- each cylinder 15 is, preferably, no greater than 1.5 metres and is, typically, one metre in length. This is much shorter than the cylinders of conventional work exchanges used to transfer fluid pressure of the waste liquid across a piston.
- the rod 27 may be fixed relative to the piston and may be slidable relative to the end of the cylinder remote from the spool valve housing 11 .
- the cylinder could have a stepped diameter bore receiving a stepped diameter piston.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
An energy recovery device comprises at least one cylinder, a piston slidable in the cylinder, first valve means for selectively connecting one end of the cylinder to waste liquid at a first relatively high pressure and to drain and second valve means for allowing feed liquid to enter the other end of the cylinder at a second lower pressure via a feed liquid entry port and to be discharged via a feed liquid discharge port from said other end of the cylinder in response to movement of the piston caused by waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder. Also, means, such as a rod which extends from the other end of the cylinder and into but not through the piston, ensures that the area of the piston acting on the feed liquid is less than the area of the piston acted upon by the waste liquid so that the piston acts as a pressure intensifier to discharge feed liquid through the feed liquid discharge port at a higher pressure than the pressure of waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder.
Description
- This invention relates to an energy recovery device particularly but not exclusively for use in combination with reverse osmosis equipment such as is used, for example, in the desalination of water.
- Desalination plants are required to operate at the highest possible efficiency in order to keep the cost of water to a minimum. It is well known to employ energy recovery devices to recover energy from the waste liquor of reverse osmosis equipment. There are various known devices for recovering energy by changing the pressure energy of the waste liquor to shaft work, such as turbines, Pelton wheels and reverse running pumps. However, the conversion of fluid pressure to shaft work and then back again to fluid pressure is inherently less efficient than using fluid pressure directly.
- It is also known, such as from U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,428, to use work exchangers to transfer the fluid pressure of the waste liquor across a piston. However, there is a pressure drop across the reverse osmosis equipment and known recovery systems employing a piston to transfer the pressure of the waste liquor to feed liquid require the use of a booster pump to raise the pressure of the liquid exiting from the work exchanger to the inlet pressure of the reverse osmosis equipment.
- According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided an energy recovery device comprising at least one cylinder, a piston slidable in the cylinder, first valve means for selectively connecting one end of the cylinder to waste liquid at a first relatively high pressure and to drain, second valve means for allowing feed liquid to enter the other end of the cylinder at a second lower pressure via a feed liquid entry port and to be discharged via a feed liquid discharge port from the other end of the cylinder in response to movement of the piston caused by waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder, and means ensuring that the area of the piston acting, in use, on the feed liquid is less than the area of the piston, in use, acted upon by the waste liquid so that the piston acts as a pressure intensifier to discharge feed liquid through the feed liquid discharge port at a higher pressure than the pressure of waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder.
- Preferred and/or optional features of the first aspect of the invention are set forth in claims2 to 13, inclusive.
- According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an energy recovery device comprising a valve housing, a slidable valve element in the valve housing and two cylinders extending from the valve housing in a direction transverse to the axis of movement of the valve element, the slidable valve element controlling the flow of liquid to and from both cylinders.
- Preferred and/or optional features of the second aspect of the invention are set forth in
claims 15 to 17, inclusive. - According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided an energy recovery device according to the first or the second aspect of the invention in combination with reverse osmosis equipment.
- The invention will now be more particularly described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of an energy recovery device according to the present invention,
- FIG. 2 is a section taking along line II-II of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged section of part of the energy recovery device shown in FIG. 2, and
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1.
- Referring to the drawings, there is shown therein an energy recovery device comprising three
spool valves 10 each having ahousing 11 provided with aninlet port 12 which is connected, in use, to a supply of waste liquid discharged from reverse osmosis equipment used, for example, in the desalination of water and anoutlet port 13 connected to drain. Eachspool valve 10 also comprises alinear drive unit 14 for driving aslidable valve element 9 to be described hereinafter. The threespool valves 10 are fixed together in side by side relationship by threadedrods 16 extending through thehousings 11. - The energy recovery device also comprises two banks of
cylinders 15. Each bank comprises threecylinders 15, the cylinders of one bank extending from one side of arespective housing 11 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of movement of thelinear drive units 14 and the cylinders of the other bank extending from the other side of arespective housing 11 in an opposite direction. - Each
cylinder 15 has aport block 17 at its end remote from itsrespective spool valve 10. Eachport block 17 has a feedliquid entry port 18 and a feedliquid discharge port 19. - As best shown in FIG. 2 of the drawings, each
cylinder 15 comprises atubular shell 20 mounted in arecess 21 of arespective housing 11. An O-ring seal 22 is provided in a groove in theshell 20 and forms a seal between thehousing 11 and theshell 20. The other end of eachshell 20 is mounted in arecess 23 in arespective port block 17. A further O-ring seal 24 is provided in a groove in theshell 20 and provides a seal between theport block 17 and theshell 20. Tie rods 25 (see FIG. 1) extend between eachvalve housing 11 and eachport block 17 in order to clamp eachshell 20 between arespective housing 11 and arespective port block 17. - Each
cylinder 15 contains ahollow piston 26. The end of thepiston 26 adjacent to thevalve housing 11 is closed, but the other end has an opening which receives afixed rod 27 extending from the centre of theport block 17. Thepiston 26 is slidable on therod 27 and aseal 28 is provided between thepiston 26 and therod 27 to prevent flow of liquid between the interior of thehollow piston 26 and the annular space between therod 27 and theshell 20. - Each
housing 11 has a waste liquid inlet/outlet port 30. - Each
port block 17 has a firstnon-return valve 31 for preventing feed liquid flowing from the cylinder through the feedliquid entry port 18 and a secondnon-return valve 32 for preventing liquid entering the cylinder through the feedliquid discharge port 19. The interior of thepiston 26 communicates with the feedliquid entry port 18 via athrough bore 33 in therod 27. - The
linear drive unit 14 of eachspool valve 10 comprises apiston 34 and acylinder 35. Thepiston 34 is connected to theslidable valve element 9 by arod 36 and the cylinder has twoair ports 37 and 38. Theslidable valve element 9 is slidable in asleeve 39 contained within thehousing 11. Thesleeve 39 has a first annular array ofopenings 40 which communicate with anannular groove 41 in thehousing 11 and this annular groove communicates with the liquid inlet/outlet port 30 of the right hand cylinder, as shown in FIG. 2. The sleeve has a second annular array ofopenings 42. Theseopenings 42 communicate with anannular groove 43 of thehousing 11. Theannular groove 43 communicates with theinlet port 12. The sleeve also has a third annular array ofopenings 44. Theopenings 44 communicate with anannular groove 45 of thehousing 11. Thisannular groove 45 communicates with the waste liquid inlet/outlet port 30 of the left hand cylinder, as shown in FIG. 2. - The
valve element 9 has a throughbore 46 which is connected to theoutlet port 13 of thespool valve 10. It also has threelands lands valve element 9 and each have a singleannular seal central land 47 has two axially spacedseals - A first
annular groove 54 is defined between thelands annular groove 55 is defined between thelands passages 56 in theland 48. As shown, theannular groove 54 communicates with the second annular array ofopenings 42 in thesleeve 39 and the secondannular groove 55 communicates with the third annular array ofgrooves 44 in thesleeve 39. This places theleft hand cylinder 15 in communication with theinlet port 12 and waste liquid discharged from the reverse osmosis equipment flows into theleft hand cylinder 15 and moves thepiston 26 towards itsrespective port block 17 to discharge feed liquid from the cylinder through the feedliquid discharge port 19. Therod 27 ensures that the area of thepiston 26 acting on the feed liquid is less than the area of the piston acted upon by the waste liquid so that the piston acts as a pressure intensifier to discharge feed liquid through the feedliquid discharge port 19 at a higher pressure than the pressure of waste liquid entering the other end of the cylinder. The feed liquid can therefore be fed to the reverse osmosis equipment without the need for a booster pump. Also, as shown, the first annular array ofopenings 40 communicates with the through bore of thevalve element 9 and thus with theoutlet port 13. This enables feed liquid to enter the feedliquid entry port 18 of theright hand cylinder 15 and discharge waste liquid from theright hand cylinder 15 to drain via theoutlet port 13. - Air is then admitted to the
cylinder 35 through the port 38 whileport 37 is vented to atmosphere. This moves thepiston 34 upwards and moves thevalve element 9 to a position in which theright hand cylinder 15 is connected to a supply of waste liquid discharged from the reverse osmosis equipment and in which theleft hand cylinder 15 is connected to drain. - The
seals central land 48 of thevalve element 9 cut off the supply of waste liquid to theannular grooves apertures seals - The timing of the operation of the energy recovery device can be varied by controlling the supply of air to the
pistons 34. - The length of each
cylinder 15 is, preferably, no greater than 1.5 metres and is, typically, one metre in length. This is much shorter than the cylinders of conventional work exchanges used to transfer fluid pressure of the waste liquid across a piston. - The embodiment described above is given by way of example only and various modifications will be apparent skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. For example, the
rod 27 may be fixed relative to the piston and may be slidable relative to the end of the cylinder remote from thespool valve housing 11. Alternatively, instead of the rod, the cylinder could have a stepped diameter bore receiving a stepped diameter piston.
Claims (16)
1. An energy recovery device comprising at least one cylinder, a piston slidable in the cylinder, first valve means for selectively connecting one end of the cylinder to waste liquid at a first relatively high pressure and to drain, second valve means for allowing feed liquid to enter the other end of the cylinder at a second lower pressure via a feed liquid entry port and to be discharged via a feed liquid discharge port from said other end of the cylinder in response to movement of the piston caused by waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder, and means ensuring that the area of the piston acting, in use, on the feed liquid is less than the area of the piston, in use, acted upon by the waste liquid so that the piston acts as a pressure intensifier to discharge feed liquid through the feed liquid discharge port at a higher pressure than the pressure of waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder.
2. An energy recovery device as claimed in , wherein said means comprises a rod extending between said other end of the cylinder and the piston, the rod being slidable relative to said other end of the cylinder or extending into but not through the piston so that the piston is slidable on the rod.
claim 1
3. An energy recovery device as claimed in , wherein the rod is fixed and extends from said other end of the cylinder and into but not through the piston.
claim 2
4. An energy recovery device as claimed in , wherein the piston is hollow and the inside of the piston communicates with the feed liquid entry port via a passage in the fixed rod.
claim 3
5. An energy recovery system as claimed in , wherein the second valve means is in the form of non-return valves.
claim 1
6. An energy recovery system as claimed in , comprising a first non-return valve for preventing feed liquid flowing from the cylinder through the feed liquid entry port and a second non-return valve for preventing liquid entering the cylinder through the feed liquid discharge port.
claim 5
7. An energy recovery system as claimed in , wherein the first and second non-return valves are in the feed liquid entry port and the feed liquid discharge port, respectively.
claim 6
8. An energy recovery system as claimed in , wherein the first valve means comprises a spool valve having a valve housing and a slidable valve element for controlling the flow of waste liquid to and from the at least one cylinder.
claim 1
9. An energy recovery device as claimed in , comprising at least one pair of cylinders and a spool valve for controlling the flow of liquid to and from both cylinders.
claim 8
10. An energy recovery device as claimed in , wherein the spool valve is arranged to connect one cylinder to waste liquid while connecting the other cylinder to drain and vice versa.
claim 9
11. An energy recovery device as claimed in , wherein one of the of cylinders extends from the spool valve in a first direction transverse to the axis of movement of the valve element and the other cylinder extends from the valve housing in a second direction transverse to the axis of movement of the valve element.
claim 10
12. An energy recovery device as claimed in , wherein the first and second directions are opposite to one another.
claim 11
13. An energy recovery device as claimed in , wherein the slidable valve element has two axially spaced annular grooves and a land therebetween, the two grooves being in fluid communication with one another by passage means in the land and the land having two axially spaced apart annular seals for cutting off the supply of waste liquid to the grooves while the slidable valve element moves from a position in which the grooves are in full fluid communication with said one end of the cylinder and a position in which the grooves are out of fluid communication with said one end of the cylinder and vice versa.
claim 8
14. An energy recovery device comprising a valve housing, a slidable valve element in the valve housing and two cylinders extending from the valve housing in a direction transverse to the axis of movement of the valve element, the slidable valve element controlling the flow of liquid to and from both cylinders.
15. An energy recovery device as claimed in , wherein the slidable valve element is arranged to connect one cylinder to a supply of waste liquid while connecting the other cylinder to drain.
claim 14
16. An energy recovery device in combination with reverse osmosis equipment, the energy recovery device comprising at least one cylinder, a piston slidable in the cylinder, first valve means for selectively connecting one end of the cylinder to waste liquid at a first relatively high pressure and to drain, second valve means for allowing feed liquid to enter the other end of the cylinder at a second lower pressure via a feed liquid entry port and to be discharged via a feed liquid discharge port from said other end of the cylinder in response to movement of the piston caused by waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder, and means ensuring that the area of the piston acting, in use, on the feed liquid is less than the area of the piston, in use, acted upon by the waste liquid so that the piston acts as a pressure intensifier to discharge feed liquid through the feed liquid discharge port at a higher pressure than the pressure of waste liquid entering said one end of the cylinder.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9929508A GB2357320B (en) | 1999-12-15 | 1999-12-15 | Energy recovery device |
GB9929508.1 | 1999-12-15 | ||
GB9929508 | 1999-12-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20010004442A1 true US20010004442A1 (en) | 2001-06-21 |
US6447259B2 US6447259B2 (en) | 2002-09-10 |
Family
ID=10866270
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/727,676 Expired - Fee Related US6447259B2 (en) | 1999-12-15 | 2000-12-04 | Pressure energy recovery device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6447259B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1108461A3 (en) |
AU (1) | AU774497B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2328031A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2357320B (en) |
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- 2000-11-28 EP EP00310550A patent/EP1108461A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-12-04 US US09/727,676 patent/US6447259B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-12 CA CA002328031A patent/CA2328031A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-14 AU AU72271/00A patent/AU774497B2/en not_active Ceased
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US6390785B1 (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2002-05-21 | The Board Of Governors Of Wayne State University | High efficiency booster for automotive and other applications |
EP1473308A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-11-03 | B. Braun Melsungen Ag | Derivatives of starch for clinic use, especially parenteral |
US20070125710A1 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2007-06-07 | Craig Schmitt | Non-electric zero waste reverse osmosis water filtering system |
US20100116724A1 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2010-05-13 | Watts Water Technologies, Inc. | Reverse osmosis water filtering system |
US8343338B2 (en) | 2008-10-09 | 2013-01-01 | Watts Water Technologies, Inc. | Reverse osmosis water filtering system |
US20110120928A1 (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-05-26 | Watts Water Technologies, Inc. | Easy change filter assembly for reverse osmosis membrane water purification system |
US10526514B2 (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2020-01-07 | Coöperatie Avebe U.A. | Starch-based aqueous adhesive compositions and uses thereof |
US10723922B2 (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2020-07-28 | Coöperatie Avebe U.A. | Starch-based aqueous adhesive compositions and uses thereof |
CN108425916A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-08-21 | 苏州朗瑞水处理设备有限公司 | High pressure waste liquid pressure energy equipment for reclaiming |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9929508D0 (en) | 2000-02-09 |
EP1108461A2 (en) | 2001-06-20 |
US6447259B2 (en) | 2002-09-10 |
AU7227100A (en) | 2001-06-21 |
GB2357320A (en) | 2001-06-20 |
GB2357320B (en) | 2004-03-24 |
AU774497B2 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
CA2328031A1 (en) | 2001-06-15 |
EP1108461A3 (en) | 2003-04-16 |
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