US20010003314A1 - Rotating casing assembly and method - Google Patents
Rotating casing assembly and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20010003314A1 US20010003314A1 US09/725,163 US72516300A US2001003314A1 US 20010003314 A1 US20010003314 A1 US 20010003314A1 US 72516300 A US72516300 A US 72516300A US 2001003314 A1 US2001003314 A1 US 2001003314A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- section
- string
- casing section
- casing string
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/08—Casing joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
- E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to an assembly for rotating wellbore casing during cementing-in of the casing.
- An assembly and method have been invented to provide for rotation of a casing section in a zone of interest without requiring rotation of the casing string from surface. Such rotation enhances cementing procedures.
- the assembly is particularly useful as it permits rotation in zones of interest such as, for example, in deep sections of the borehole where previously casing rotation was difficult.
- the assembly is also useful for rotating through bridged-off portions of the hole.
- the casing section is preferably rotated by passing wellbore fluids such as mud or cement past vanes in the casing section of interest.
- an assembly for connection to a casing string comprising: a casing section connected to the casing string through a bearing device, the bearing device permitting rotation of the casing section relative to the casing string and a means for rotating the casing section relative to the casing string.
- the means for rotating the casing section can be a plurality of vanes formed on the casing section and positioned to cause rotation of the casing section by action of well fluids moving therepast.
- the vanes are preferably formed within the casing section.
- the vanes can be formed of easily drillable material such as aluminum or fiberglass.
- a method for cementing in a casing section at a zone of interest comprising: providing a casing string with a casing section attached thereto and extending across a zone of interest, the casing section and the casing string each having inner bores and the inner bore of the casing section being in communication with the inner bore of the casing string; and pumping cement through the inner bores of the casing string and the casing section while rotating the casing section at an increased rate of rotation than that of the casing string.
- a method for rotating a section of casing a rate different from any rate of rotation of the casing string to which the section of casing is attached comprising: providing a casing string and a casing section connected to the casing string through a bearing device, the bearing device permitting rotation of the casing section relative to the casing string and a means for rotating the casing section relative to the casing string; and actuating the means for rotating to drive the casing section to rotate on the bearing device relative to the casing string.
- FIG. 1 is a section along a casing string in a wellbore including an assembly according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a section through a vane stage useful in the present invention.
- the vane stage is mounted in a liner supported in a section of casing.
- the rotating casing assembly allows for rotation of the casing at any depth. Only a selected portion of the casing will be rotated and rotation from surface is not required to cause rotation of the selected casing portion.
- the selected portion that is rotated is usually the portion crossing the production zone. This method is extremely economical compared to other methods and requires no additional rig time or surface equipment.
- the casing is driven to rotate by the fluid being pumped across the vanes mounted within the selected portion of casing.
- the assembly includes a section of casing 10 with a series of internal vanes 12 and a bearing pack 14 .
- the assembly is connected to a casing string 20 .
- the casing string can include standard components including, for example, a casing shoe 22 at the lower end thereof and a float collar 23 between the vanes and the bearing pack.
- casing shoe 22 is connected directly to the bottom of casing section 10 and float collar 23 is installed directly above vanes 12 .
- standard casing sections can be connected below section 10 and the casing shoe is connected to the standard casing.
- Bearing pack 14 permits casing section 10 and the string below it, if any, to rotate about its long axis 10 ⁇ relative to casing string 20 above the casing section.
- a lower bearing pack can be installed below the vanes, such that the casing section between the bearings can rotate relative to the casing strings above and below it.
- consideration must be given as to avoiding the casing joints below the lower bearing from unthreading.
- Bearing pack 14 must be able to carry the weight of casing section 10 and any other components below the casing section.
- the bearing pack must also be sealed to prevent leakage between the interior of the casing and the annulus about it. This prevents contamination of and damage to the bearing by well fluids including mud and cement.
- the bearing pack must also be selected to meet or exceed burst pressure, tensile and collapse ratings of the casing with which it is used.
- the minimum inner diameter (ID) of the bearing pack should not be less than the minimum ID of the casing and the outer diameter (OD) of the bearing pack should be selected to be less than the diameter of the well bore.
- the bearing pack can be for example a race of ball bearings sealed by O-rings within a housing.
- the bearing pack can be connected in any desirable way such as, for example, by welding or threaded connection between the end of standard casing string 20 and section of casing 10 . All connections must be fluid tight at downhole pressures, as will be appreciated.
- Casing shoe 22 is connected by welding, rather than threading, to casing section 10 to avoid unthreading of these parts during rotation.
- Casing section 10 is formed of one or more joints of casing. In most embodiments, for standard wellbores, casing section 10 is formed of two to ten joints of casing. Casing section 10 must be selected to have fluid tight connections and to meet or exceed the burst pressure of the casing string. Preferably, casing section 10 is formed using casing joints similar or identical to the casing joints used to form the remainder of the casing string. This ensures that the casing used is consistent in outer diameter, length, thread, and pressure rating as the other casing.
- Centralizers 24 can be positioned about casing section 10 to ensure appropriate spacing between the casing OD and the wellbore wall.
- the centralizer is one which permits rotation of the casing relative to the centralizer and/or wellbore wall.
- vanes 12 are shaped and/or positioned to drive the casing to rotate on bearing pack 14 when fluid is pumped past the vanes.
- vanes 12 can have standard turbine structure and positioning, as would be appreciated.
- the vanes are arranged in stages with four vanes in each stage 25 .
- the vanes are formed as by milling or molding onto a liner 26 .
- the liner is selected to have an OD just slightly less than the ID of the casing section to that it fits snugly down into the bore of the casing section.
- the outer surface of liner 26 includes longitudinally extending key ways 27 for accepting keys 28 mounted, as by welding, onto the inner surface of casing section 10 .
- the liners each accommodate one stage of vanes and have edges formed to permit interlocking with adjacent liners.
- any number of liners 26 can be installed in series within casing section.
- the lowermost liner rests on a raised stop 29 , for example a collar or a stop ring, mounted or formed on the inner surface of the casing section.
- vanes are configured to drive rotation of the casing section to the left, as shown by arrows A. Left-hand rotation is used since, should the bearing pack fail, the casing string will not unthread and come apart.
- vanes 12 and liner 26 are formed of a drillable material such as, for example, aluminum or fiberglass to facilitate removal thereof from the casing string.
- the rotating casing assembly according to the present invention is used to enhance wellbore cementing.
- rotating the casing enhances cement flow, enhances removal of annulus debris, and reduces microchanneling.
- An assembly according to the present invention, as described above, is connected into a casing string 20 and positioned such that when run into the wellbore 30 , it extends through the zone of interest 32 .
- bearing pack 14 is positioned above zone of interest 32 and casing section 10 is of a sufficient length to extend below the zone of interest.
- the casing section is positioned with vanes 12 below the zone of interest.
- Cement indicated by arrows B, is pumped through the casing string 20 and casing section 10 , past float collar 23 and vanes 12 and out through the casing shoe 22 .
- the vane structure drives casing section 10 to rotate as permitted by bearing pack 14 . Rotation occurs about long axis 10 ⁇ of section 10 and below bearing pack 14 .
- Casing string 20 may be stationary or rotating. However, the drive created by vanes 12 is sufficient to cause section 10 to have a rate of rotation different, and generally greater, than any rate of rotation of the casing string above bearing pack 14 .
- a wiper plug (not shown) is forced through the casing string to land in float collar 23 . As in standard cementing operations, the plug displaces cement from the casing string above the float collar.
- the cement can be drilled out of the inner bore of casing section, if desired.
- the vanes 12 and liner 26 can be formed of an easily drillable material such as aluminum or fiberglass to permit removal thereof.
- Casing section 10 and bearing pack 14 can be left down hole and will not effect well production.
- casing section has been described for use in wellbore cementing operations, it is also useful for working pipe through bridged-off sections of the wellbore during run in of casing. Rotation would be achieved by pumping mud through the casing section. A spaded casing shoe is useful in such procedures.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention is directed to an assembly for rotating wellbore casing during cementing-in of the casing.
- In the cementing-in of casing, the main problem encountered is how to provide a better cement bond between the casing, the wellbore and the cement in the annulus to overcome the problem of water migration between various zones, sometimes termed microchannelling.
- Many processes are used in an attempt to enhance cement bonding. For example, cement squeezes, packer zone isolation, and turbolizers are sometimes used. These methods are expensive and complex and are not always effective.
- It is common practice to rotate casing in shallow holes (to approx. 1000m) in order to enhance wellbore cementing. This has been found to noticeably enhance the bond between the casing and the cement thereby decreasing the chance of microchannelling along the casing string. While rotating has been found to be effective at shallower depths, it is not feasible due to the high torque generated to rotate the casing from surface in deeper holes or in bridged-off portions of the hole.
- An assembly and method have been invented to provide for rotation of a casing section in a zone of interest without requiring rotation of the casing string from surface. Such rotation enhances cementing procedures. The assembly is particularly useful as it permits rotation in zones of interest such as, for example, in deep sections of the borehole where previously casing rotation was difficult. The assembly is also useful for rotating through bridged-off portions of the hole. The casing section is preferably rotated by passing wellbore fluids such as mud or cement past vanes in the casing section of interest.
- Thus in accordance with a broad aspect of the present invention, there is provided: an assembly for connection to a casing string comprising: a casing section connected to the casing string through a bearing device, the bearing device permitting rotation of the casing section relative to the casing string and a means for rotating the casing section relative to the casing string.
- The means for rotating the casing section can be a plurality of vanes formed on the casing section and positioned to cause rotation of the casing section by action of well fluids moving therepast. The vanes are preferably formed within the casing section. To provide for removal of the vanes should it be desirable to have access therebelow, the vanes can be formed of easily drillable material such as aluminum or fiberglass.
- In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cementing in a casing section at a zone of interest, comprising: providing a casing string with a casing section attached thereto and extending across a zone of interest, the casing section and the casing string each having inner bores and the inner bore of the casing section being in communication with the inner bore of the casing string; and pumping cement through the inner bores of the casing string and the casing section while rotating the casing section at an increased rate of rotation than that of the casing string.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for rotating a section of casing a rate different from any rate of rotation of the casing string to which the section of casing is attached; comprising: providing a casing string and a casing section connected to the casing string through a bearing device, the bearing device permitting rotation of the casing section relative to the casing string and a means for rotating the casing section relative to the casing string; and actuating the means for rotating to drive the casing section to rotate on the bearing device relative to the casing string.
- A further, detailed, description of the invention, briefly described above, will follow by reference to the following drawings illustrating one embodiment of the invention. These drawings depict only a typical embodiment of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. In the drawings:
- FIG. 1 is a section along a casing string in a wellbore including an assembly according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a section through a vane stage useful in the present invention. The vane stage is mounted in a liner supported in a section of casing.
- The rotating casing assembly according to the present invention allows for rotation of the casing at any depth. Only a selected portion of the casing will be rotated and rotation from surface is not required to cause rotation of the selected casing portion. The selected portion that is rotated is usually the portion crossing the production zone. This method is extremely economical compared to other methods and requires no additional rig time or surface equipment. The casing is driven to rotate by the fluid being pumped across the vanes mounted within the selected portion of casing.
- In one embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, the assembly includes a section of
casing 10 with a series ofinternal vanes 12 and abearing pack 14. The assembly is connected to acasing string 20. The casing string can include standard components including, for example, acasing shoe 22 at the lower end thereof and afloat collar 23 between the vanes and the bearing pack. In the illustrated embodiment,casing shoe 22 is connected directly to the bottom ofcasing section 10 andfloat collar 23 is installed directly abovevanes 12. However, in other embodiments, standard casing sections can be connected belowsection 10 and the casing shoe is connected to the standard casing.Bearing pack 14 permitscasing section 10 and the string below it, if any, to rotate about itslong axis 10× relative tocasing string 20 above the casing section. - In some embodiments, a lower bearing pack can be installed below the vanes, such that the casing section between the bearings can rotate relative to the casing strings above and below it. However, in so doing consideration must be given as to avoiding the casing joints below the lower bearing from unthreading.
-
Bearing pack 14 must be able to carry the weight ofcasing section 10 and any other components below the casing section. The bearing pack must also be sealed to prevent leakage between the interior of the casing and the annulus about it. This prevents contamination of and damage to the bearing by well fluids including mud and cement. The bearing pack must also be selected to meet or exceed burst pressure, tensile and collapse ratings of the casing with which it is used. As will be appreciated, the minimum inner diameter (ID) of the bearing pack should not be less than the minimum ID of the casing and the outer diameter (OD) of the bearing pack should be selected to be less than the diameter of the well bore. The bearing pack can be for example a race of ball bearings sealed by O-rings within a housing. - The bearing pack can be connected in any desirable way such as, for example, by welding or threaded connection between the end of
standard casing string 20 and section ofcasing 10. All connections must be fluid tight at downhole pressures, as will be appreciated.Casing shoe 22 is connected by welding, rather than threading, tocasing section 10 to avoid unthreading of these parts during rotation. -
Casing section 10 is formed of one or more joints of casing. In most embodiments, for standard wellbores,casing section 10 is formed of two to ten joints of casing.Casing section 10 must be selected to have fluid tight connections and to meet or exceed the burst pressure of the casing string. Preferably,casing section 10 is formed using casing joints similar or identical to the casing joints used to form the remainder of the casing string. This ensures that the casing used is consistent in outer diameter, length, thread, and pressure rating as the other casing. -
Centralizers 24 can be positioned aboutcasing section 10 to ensure appropriate spacing between the casing OD and the wellbore wall. Of course, the centralizer is one which permits rotation of the casing relative to the centralizer and/or wellbore wall. - Referring also to FIG. 2,
internal vanes 12 are shaped and/or positioned to drive the casing to rotate onbearing pack 14 when fluid is pumped past the vanes. To provide drive,vanes 12 can have standard turbine structure and positioning, as would be appreciated. In one embodiment, the vanes are arranged in stages with four vanes in eachstage 25. - To facilitate assembly, in a preferred embodiment, the vanes are formed as by milling or molding onto a
liner 26. The liner is selected to have an OD just slightly less than the ID of the casing section to that it fits snugly down into the bore of the casing section. The outer surface ofliner 26 includes longitudinally extendingkey ways 27 for acceptingkeys 28 mounted, as by welding, onto the inner surface ofcasing section 10. Onceliner 26 is mounted in the casing section withkeys 28 inkey ways 27, the liner cannot rotate within the casing section. Preferably, the liners each accommodate one stage of vanes and have edges formed to permit interlocking with adjacent liners. Thus, any number ofliners 26 can be installed in series within casing section. The lowermost liner rests on a raisedstop 29, for example a collar or a stop ring, mounted or formed on the inner surface of the casing section. - The vanes are configured to drive rotation of the casing section to the left, as shown by arrows A. Left-hand rotation is used since, should the bearing pack fail, the casing string will not unthread and come apart.
- In a preferred embodiment,
vanes 12 andliner 26 are formed of a drillable material such as, for example, aluminum or fiberglass to facilitate removal thereof from the casing string. - The rotating casing assembly according to the present invention is used to enhance wellbore cementing. For example, rotating the casing enhances cement flow, enhances removal of annulus debris, and reduces microchanneling. An assembly according to the present invention, as described above, is connected into a
casing string 20 and positioned such that when run into thewellbore 30, it extends through the zone ofinterest 32. In particular, preferably, bearingpack 14 is positioned above zone ofinterest 32 andcasing section 10 is of a sufficient length to extend below the zone of interest. To reduce the necessity for drilling out the vanes, preferably the casing section is positioned withvanes 12 below the zone of interest. Cement, indicated by arrows B, is pumped through thecasing string 20 andcasing section 10,past float collar 23 andvanes 12 and out through thecasing shoe 22. As the cement passesvanes 12, the vane structure drivescasing section 10 to rotate as permitted by bearingpack 14. Rotation occurs aboutlong axis 10× ofsection 10 and below bearingpack 14.Casing string 20 may be stationary or rotating. However, the drive created byvanes 12 is sufficient to causesection 10 to have a rate of rotation different, and generally greater, than any rate of rotation of the casing string above bearingpack 14. - To determine the number of vanes required for rotation of the particular casing section in use, first it is necessary to determine the ft. lbs of torque required to rotate the casing section. This will be determinable from wellbore information. Next, with consideration as to velocity, density and viscosity of the fluid to be used, the torque generated by the fluid passing one vane or one stage of vanes is determined. This information is then used to determine the number of vanes or stages required to achieve or exceed the torque necessary to rotate
casing section 10. - Once the cement is introduced, a wiper plug (not shown) is forced through the casing string to land in
float collar 23. As in standard cementing operations, the plug displaces cement from the casing string above the float collar. - Once the cement sets, it can be drilled out of the inner bore of casing section, if desired. The
vanes 12 andliner 26 can be formed of an easily drillable material such as aluminum or fiberglass to permit removal thereof.Casing section 10 and bearingpack 14 can be left down hole and will not effect well production. - Although the casing section has been described for use in wellbore cementing operations, it is also useful for working pipe through bridged-off sections of the wellbore during run in of casing. Rotation would be achieved by pumping mud through the casing section. A spaded casing shoe is useful in such procedures.
- It will be apparent that may other changes may be made to the illustrative embodiments, while falling within the scope of the invention and it is intended that all such changes be covered by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2,291,301 | 1999-11-30 | ||
CA 2291301 CA2291301A1 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 1999-11-30 | Rotating casing assembly |
CA2291301 | 1999-11-30 | ||
GB0111797A GB2375555A (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2001-05-15 | Rotating casing assembly and method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20010003314A1 true US20010003314A1 (en) | 2001-06-14 |
US6446725B2 US6446725B2 (en) | 2002-09-10 |
Family
ID=25681366
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/725,163 Expired - Fee Related US6446725B2 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2000-11-29 | Rotating casing assembly and method |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6446725B2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2375555A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008043985A2 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-17 | Caledus Limited | Method and apparatus for running tubulars |
EP2161405A1 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-10 | Services Pétroliers Schlumberger | An assembly and method for placing a cement plug |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8534354B2 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2013-09-17 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Completion string deployment in a subterranean well |
US9062501B2 (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2015-06-23 | Matrix Composites & Engineering Limited | Downhole centraliser |
US20120160476A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | Bakken Gary James | Vibration tool |
US8567511B2 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2013-10-29 | Randle Mackenzie Loree | Method and apparatus for running casing in a wellbore with a fluid driven rotatable shoe |
CA2961629A1 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2018-09-22 | Infocus Energy Services Inc. | Reaming systems, devices, assemblies, and related methods of use |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3111171A (en) | 1961-03-17 | 1963-11-19 | Willie W Farrar | Combination float shoe and spiral cement mlxer |
US3557875A (en) | 1969-04-10 | 1971-01-26 | B & W Inc | Method and apparatus for vibrating and cementing a well casing |
SU976030A2 (en) * | 1979-05-17 | 1982-11-23 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт по креплению скважин и буровым растворам | Apparatus for running-in a casing units |
US4678031A (en) | 1986-01-27 | 1987-07-07 | Blandford David M | Rotatable reciprocating collar for borehole casing |
CN1014084B (en) * | 1986-08-25 | 1991-09-25 | 马斯科工业公司 | Method and apparatus for multi-stage cementing of well casing |
US4787457A (en) | 1987-06-22 | 1988-11-29 | Mark B. Webster | Method and apparatus for rotating casing string segment |
US4869323A (en) | 1988-02-12 | 1989-09-26 | Standard Alaska Production Company | Cementing and rotating an upper well casing attached by swivel to a lower casing |
US4926938A (en) | 1989-05-12 | 1990-05-22 | Lindsey Completion Systems, Inc. | Rotatable liner hanger with multiple bearings and cones |
US5152342A (en) | 1990-11-01 | 1992-10-06 | Rankin R Edward | Apparatus and method for vibrating a casing string during cementing |
US5309996A (en) | 1992-04-27 | 1994-05-10 | Halliburton Company | Methods of primary cementing of wells |
AU2744800A (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Securing a well casing to a wellbore |
-
2000
- 2000-11-29 US US09/725,163 patent/US6446725B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-05-15 GB GB0111797A patent/GB2375555A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008043985A2 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-17 | Caledus Limited | Method and apparatus for running tubulars |
WO2008043985A3 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-06-19 | Caledus Ltd | Method and apparatus for running tubulars |
GB2454836A (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2009-05-27 | Caledus Ltd | Method and apparatus for running tubulars |
EP2161405A1 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-10 | Services Pétroliers Schlumberger | An assembly and method for placing a cement plug |
WO2010025816A1 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-11 | Services Petroliers Schlumberger | An assembly and method for placing a cement plug |
US20110162844A1 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2011-07-07 | Kevin Mauth | Assembly and method for placing a cement plug |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2375555A (en) | 2002-11-20 |
GB0111797D0 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
US6446725B2 (en) | 2002-09-10 |
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