US2000559A - Wetting preparations and their manufacture - Google Patents
Wetting preparations and their manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2000559A US2000559A US618699A US61869932A US2000559A US 2000559 A US2000559 A US 2000559A US 618699 A US618699 A US 618699A US 61869932 A US61869932 A US 61869932A US 2000559 A US2000559 A US 2000559A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mercerizing
- wetting
- mixture
- caustic
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 title description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 47
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 16
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZFMSMUAANRJZFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Estragole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CC=C)C=C1 ZFMSMUAANRJZFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terpinolene Chemical compound CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1 MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUVINXPYWBROJD-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-anethole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(\C=C\C)C=C1 RUVINXPYWBROJD-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006727 (-)-endo-fenchol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- REPVLJRCJUVQFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (-)-isopinocampheol Natural products C1C(O)C(C)C2C(C)(C)C1C2 REPVLJRCJUVQFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N (S)-(-)-alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- IAIHUHQCLTYTSF-MRTMQBJTSA-N Fenchyl alcohol Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 IAIHUHQCLTYTSF-MRTMQBJTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Terpineol Natural products CC(=C)C1(O)CCC(C)=CC1 OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940088601 alpha-terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940011037 anethole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- -1 aromatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- CKDOCTFBFTVPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N borneol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(C)CC1C2(C)C CKDOCTFBFTVPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116229 borneol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-isoborneol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(O)CC1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IAIHUHQCLTYTSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenchyl alcohol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(O)C(C)(C)C1C2 IAIHUHQCLTYTSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004780 naphthols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUVINXPYWBROJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-methoxyphenyl Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC)C=C1 RUVINXPYWBROJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- IOVGROKTTNBUGK-SJCJKPOMSA-N ritodrine Chemical compound N([C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IOVGROKTTNBUGK-SJCJKPOMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/152—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen having a hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/1845—Aromatic mono- or polycarboxylic acids
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/188—Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/06—Protein or carboxylic compound containing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to wetting preparations and their manufacture, and more particularly to preparations for increasing the wetting properties of caustic lyes such as employed in mercerizing processes.
- Natural and artificial cellulosic fibers are commonly treated with alkaline liquors in what is known as a mercerizing process. In such processes, it has been found that the fibers do not readily become wetted with or penetrated by the alkaline liquors and thus it has been difficult to efliciently and evenly mercerize the fibers. Accordingly, it has been proposed to add various preparations to these alkaline liquors to cause them to more completely and efliciently wet and penetrate the fibers. Preparations which have been proposed for this purpose heretofore have comprised various substances or mixtures of substances such as phenols, hydrogenized aromatic substances, e.
- An object of our invention is to provide new wetting and penetrating preparations which are particularly adapted for use in mercerizing processes.- A further object is to provide such preparations which have superior wetting properties to those heretofore known. A still further object is to. provide new wetting and penetrating agents for use in caustic lye solutions which, when so used, produce a homogeneous solution. which does not tend to clot or scum and none of the constituents of which tend to separate from the solution. Another object is to provide a mercerizing process employing'new and improved alkaline solutions having superior wetting and pene-v trating properties. Still other and further ob jects are to provide new compositions ofinatter and to advance the art. Other objects will appear hereinafter. f
- Our invention is based upon our discovery that superior activating influence, as regards wetting out and penetrating properties of caustic lyes used in mercerizing, is conferred by the addition to the caustic lyes of terpineol, phenols and fatty acids. These substances, when added to the caustic lyes, produce a homogeneous solution which does not tend to scum and from which none of the constituents tend to separate.
- terpineol which may be either the pure compound or the commercial product known as pine oil; a phenol, preferably a cresol or xylenol or a mixture of cresols and xylenols; and a fatty acid, such as oleic acid.
- these agents are to be added to the lye together, it is preferable that they be mixed beforehand, whereupon they produce a homogeneous composition which may be added to the caustic lye to give a homogeneous solution without requiring a. troublesome mixing operation.
- higher fatty acid as employed in this specification and in the claims, we intend to include only the acids of those fats which are commonly employed in the manufacture of soap for instance, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids, and do not intend that the term have its extended chemical significance.
- the fatty acid aids in stabilizing the mixture and preventsclotting and scumming.
- pine oil The commercial product known as pine oil consists, generally, of from 55-70% of terpineols. These terpineols constitute the major proportion of the oxygen containing compounds (alpha-terpineol, anethole, fenchyl alcohol, methyl chavicol, borneol, etc.) present in the oil.
- the pine oil also contains hydrocarbons, amounting to from 23-20% of the oil, which comprise pinene, dipentene and terpinolene;
- the terpineols appear to be the main active eonstituents of the pine oil but it also appears that the other constituents of the desirable and favorable influence.
- pine oil also have a.
- Example 2 This example is substantially the same as Example 1, except that commercial pine oil was substituted for the terpineol of Example 1.
- the xylenol used in the above examples, is a commercial mixture having a boiling point range of 205-215 C.
- the mercerizing liquors prepared as described in the above examples, are clear and remain clear on standing.
- the mixture of pine oil, phenols, and fatty acid dissolves freely in caustic soda lye of about the gravity given, in the necessary proportions, in other words, up to or about 2 parts by weight for each 100 parts of the lye.
- a composition adapted to be added to caustic soda mercerizing liquors comprising a mixture of technical xylenols about 90 parts, commercial pine oil about 9 parts and oleic acid about 1 part.
- a mercerizing process the step which comprises adding, to a caustic mercerizing liquor, a higher fatty acid, pine oil, and at least one member of the group consisting of cresols and xylenols.
- the step which comprises adding, to a caustic mercerizing liquor, up to about 2% of a mixture comprising a higher fatty acid, pine oil and at least one member of the group consisting of cresols and xylenols.
- the step which comprises adding, to a caustic'mercerizing liquor, up to about 2% of a mixture comprising about 1-'? parts of a higher fatty acid, about 9- 3 parts of pine oil and about 90 parts of a member of the group consisting of cresols, xylenols and mixtures of cresols and,xylenols.
- the step which comprises adding to a caustic mercerizing liquor, up to about 2% of a'mixture comprising about 1 part of oleic acid, about 9 parts of pine oil and about 90 parts'of a mixture of technical xylenols.
- a wetting and. penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes which comprises a homogeneous mixture of pine oil, phenols and higher fatty acids.
- a wetting and penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes which comprises a mixture of pine oil, a higher fatty acid, and at least one member of the group consisting of cresols and xylenols.
- a wetting and penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes which comprises about 3-9 parts of pine oil, about -95 parts of a member of the group consisting of cresols, xylenols and mixtures of cresols and xylenols, and higher fatty acids in amount to make up 100 parts. 10.
- a wetting and penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes about parts sisting of cresols, xylenols and mixtures of oresols and xylenols, and about 10 parts of a mixture of terpineol and higher fatty acid, the terpineol preponderating.
- a wetting and penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes which comprises about 90 parts of a mixture of technical xylenols, about 9 parts of commercial pine oil, and about 1 part of oleic acid.
- An improved mercerizing process wherein to the caustic lye mercerizing liquor are added a substance selected from the group consisting of terpineol and pine oil, a phenol selected from the group consisting of cresols and xylenols and mixtures thereof, and ahigher fatty'acid.
- a composition adapted to be added to caustic soda mercerizing liquors to facilitate wetting and penetration comprising substantially chosen phenols selected fromthe group consisting of cresols and xylenols and mixtures thereof, a substance selected from the group consisting of terpineol and pine-oil, and a higher fatty acid.
- a composition oi matter adapted for use 19 the phenol being present in proportion of as an assistant in mercerizing baths, which c om about 90% by ,weight of the total mixture, and prises a mixture of a liquid phenol, terpineol and the terpineol component being present in at a fatty acid of the series commonly employed in least 4% by weight. 5 soap manufacture.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
Patented May 7, 1935 WETTING PREPAR Charles Dunbar, Manchester,
PATENT OFFICE ATIONS AND THEIR ACTURE Middleton, and William Todd, England, assignors to Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, a corporation of Great Britain No Drawing.
20 Claims.
The present invention relates to wetting preparations and their manufacture, and more particularly to preparations for increasing the wetting properties of caustic lyes such as employed in mercerizing processes.
Natural and artificial cellulosic fibers are commonly treated with alkaline liquors in what is known as a mercerizing process. In such processes, it has been found that the fibers do not readily become wetted with or penetrated by the alkaline liquors and thus it has been difficult to efliciently and evenly mercerize the fibers. Accordingly, it has been proposed to add various preparations to these alkaline liquors to cause them to more completely and efliciently wet and penetrate the fibers. Preparations which have been proposed for this purpose heretofore have comprised various substances or mixtures of substances such as phenols, hydrogenized aromatic substances, e. g., tetrahydroand decahydronaphthalene, hydrogenized naphthols, cyclohexanol, and the like, univalent saturated aliphatic or aromatic alcohols, mixtures of phenols, sulfonated fatty oils, together with other auxiliary agents. These preparations, heretofore employed, have not proved to be entirely satisfactory for the reason that scumming frequently takes place when the lyes, to which the wetting auxiliary agents have been added, are allowed to stand.. Some of the added substances rise to the top and, besides causing trouble by clotting and staining in use, render the underlying lye less capable'of wetting than it was when the mixture was homogeneous.
An object of our invention is to provide new wetting and penetrating preparations which are particularly adapted for use in mercerizing processes.- A further object is to provide such preparations which have superior wetting properties to those heretofore known. A still further object is to. provide new wetting and penetrating agents for use in caustic lye solutions which, when so used, produce a homogeneous solution. which does not tend to clot or scum and none of the constituents of which tend to separate from the solution. Another object is to provide a mercerizing process employing'new and improved alkaline solutions having superior wetting and pene-v trating properties. Still other and further ob jects are to provide new compositions ofinatter and to advance the art. Other objects will appear hereinafter. f
These objects may. be accomplished according to our invention which comprises mixing ter- Application June 22, 1932, Serial In Great Britain July 6, 1931 pineol, phenols and fatty acids and adding such mixture to the alkaline liquor or caustic lye to be used in the mercerizing process.
Our invention is based upon our discovery that superior activating influence, as regards wetting out and penetrating properties of caustic lyes used in mercerizing, is conferred by the addition to the caustic lyes of terpineol, phenols and fatty acids. These substances, when added to the caustic lyes, produce a homogeneous solution which does not tend to scum and from which none of the constituents tend to separate.
In carrying the invention into practical effect, we add to the caustic lye, either separately or together, terpineol, which may be either the pure compound or the commercial product known as pine oil; a phenol, preferably a cresol or xylenol or a mixture of cresols and xylenols; and a fatty acid, such as oleic acid. When these agents are to be added to the lye together, it is preferable that they be mixed beforehand, whereupon they produce a homogeneous composition which may be added to the caustic lye to give a homogeneous solution without requiring a. troublesome mixing operation.
By the term higher fatty acid" as employed in this specification and in the claims, we intend to include only the acids of those fats which are commonly employed in the manufacture of soap for instance, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids, and do not intend that the term have its extended chemical significance. The fatty acid aids in stabilizing the mixture and preventsclotting and scumming.
The commercial product known as pine oil consists, generally, of from 55-70% of terpineols. These terpineols constitute the major proportion of the oxygen containing compounds (alpha-terpineol, anethole, fenchyl alcohol, methyl chavicol, borneol, etc.) present in the oil. The pine oil also contains hydrocarbons, amounting to from 23-20% of the oil, which comprise pinene, dipentene and terpinolene; In our invention, the terpineols appear to be the main active eonstituents of the pine oil but it also appears that the other constituents of the desirable and favorable influence.
pine oil also have a.
The proportions of the various ingredients,
However, we do not wish to confine ourselves to' -the spirit of our invention.
.comprises adding,
- for our purposes.
In order to more clearly illustrate our invention and our preferred mode of carrying the same into effect, the following examples are given:
'Ea'ample 1.--90 lbs. of a mixture of equal parts of pale cresylic acid (comprising a mixture of the three cresols) and commercial xylenol (mixture) 6 lbs. of terpineol and 4 lbs. of oleic acid are mixed together. A clear mixture is obtained. 1.8 parts of this mixture is dissolved in 100 parts of 50 Tw. caustic soda lye to give a mercerizing liquor which will exhibit great wetting and penetrating properties.
Example 2.This example is substantially the same as Example 1, except that commercial pine oil was substituted for the terpineol of Example 1.
Example 3.91 lbs. of commercial xylenol (mixture), 8.1 lbs. of pine oil and 0.9 lbs. of oleic acid are mixed together. A clear mixture is obtained. 2.0 parts of this mixture are dissolved in 100 parts of 50 Tw. caustic soda lye to give a mercerizing liquor possessing wetting and penetrating properties somewhat superior to the liquors of Examples 1 and 2.
The xylenol, used in the above examples, is a commercial mixture having a boiling point range of 205-215 C.
The mercerizing liquors, prepared as described in the above examples, are clear and remain clear on standing. The mixture of pine oil, phenols, and fatty acid dissolves freely in caustic soda lye of about the gravity given, in the necessary proportions, in other words, up to or about 2 parts by weight for each 100 parts of the lye.
While, in the examples, we have disclosed preparations composed of specific proportions of certain substances, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes and modifications may be made therein, without departing from Accordingly, the scope of our invention is to be limited solely by the appended claims construed as broadly as is permissible in view of the prior art.
We claim:
1. A composition adapted to be added to caustic soda mercerizing liquors comprising a mixture of technical xylenols about 90 parts, commercial pine oil about 9 parts and oleic acid about 1 part.
2. In a mercerizing process, the step which comprises adding, to a caustic mercerizing liquor, a higher fatty acid, pine oil, and at least one member of the group consisting of cresols and xylenols.
3. In a mercerizing process, the step which to a caustic mercerizing liquor, a higher fatty acid, terpineol, and at least one member of the group consisting of 'cresols' and xylenols.
4. In a mercerizing process, the step which comprises adding, to a caustic mercerizing liquor, up to about 2% of a mixture comprising a higher fatty acid, pine oil and at least one member of the group consisting of cresols and xylenols.
5. In a mercerizing process, the step which comprises adding, to a caustic'mercerizing liquor, up to about 2% of a mixture comprising about 1-'? parts of a higher fatty acid, about 9- 3 parts of pine oil and about 90 parts of a member of the group consisting of cresols, xylenols and mixtures of cresols and,xylenols.
6. In a mercerizing process, the step which comprises adding to a caustic mercerizing liquor, up to about 2% of a'mixture comprising about 1 part of oleic acid, about 9 parts of pine oil and about 90 parts'of a mixture of technical xylenols.
'7. A wetting and. penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes which comprises a homogeneous mixture of pine oil, phenols and higher fatty acids.
8. A wetting and penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes which comprises a mixture of pine oil, a higher fatty acid, and at least one member of the group consisting of cresols and xylenols.
9. A wetting and penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes which comprises about 3-9 parts of pine oil, about -95 parts of a member of the group consisting of cresols, xylenols and mixtures of cresols and xylenols, and higher fatty acids in amount to make up 100 parts. 10. A wetting and penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes about parts sisting of cresols, xylenols and mixtures of oresols and xylenols, and about 10 parts of a mixture of terpineol and higher fatty acid, the terpineol preponderating.
11. A wetting and penetrating composition for use in mercerizing processes which comprises about 90 parts of a mixture of technical xylenols, about 9 parts of commercial pine oil, and about 1 part of oleic acid.
12. The process of mercerizing cotton fabrics, yarns, and the like which comprises treating them with a caustic lye solution containing a small amount of the composition of claim 7.
13. The process of mercerizing cotton fabrics, yarns,- and the like which comprises treating them with a caustic lye solution containing a small amount of the composition of claim 8.
14. The process of mercerizing cotton fabrics, yarns, and the like which comprises treating them with a caustic lye solution containing a small amount of the composition of claim 9.
15. The process of mercerizing cotton fabrics, yarns, and. the like which comprises treating them with a caustic lye solution containing a small amount of the composition of claim 10.
16. The process of mercerizing cotton fabrics, yarns, and the like which comprises treating them with a caustic lye solution containing a small amount of the composition of claim 11.
1'7. An improved mercerizing process wherein to the caustic lye mercerizing liquor are added a substance selected from the group consisting of terpineol and pine oil, a phenol selected from the group consisting of cresols and xylenols and mixtures thereof, and ahigher fatty'acid.
18. A composition adapted to be added to caustic soda mercerizing liquors to facilitate wetting and penetration, comprising substantially chosen phenols selected fromthe group consisting of cresols and xylenols and mixtures thereof, a substance selected from the group consisting of terpineol and pine-oil, and a higher fatty acid.
19. A composition oi matter adapted for use 19, the phenol being present in proportion of as an assistant in mercerizing baths, which c om about 90% by ,weight of the total mixture, and prises a mixture of a liquid phenol, terpineol and the terpineol component being present in at a fatty acid of the series commonly employed in least 4% by weight. 5 soap manufacture.
CHARLES DUNBAR. 20. A composition or matter as defined in claim WILLIAM TODD.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB19387/31A GB385977A (en) | 1931-07-06 | 1931-07-06 | Manufacture and use of wetting preparations |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2000559A true US2000559A (en) | 1935-05-07 |
Family
ID=10128505
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US618699A Expired - Lifetime US2000559A (en) | 1931-07-06 | 1932-06-22 | Wetting preparations and their manufacture |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2000559A (en) |
FR (1) | FR739499A (en) |
GB (1) | GB385977A (en) |
-
1931
- 1931-07-06 GB GB19387/31A patent/GB385977A/en not_active Expired
-
1932
- 1932-06-22 US US618699A patent/US2000559A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1932-07-05 FR FR739499D patent/FR739499A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR739499A (en) | 1933-01-12 |
GB385977A (en) | 1933-01-06 |
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