US1986319A

US1986319A - Process of manufacture of threads of textile material

Info

Publication number: US1986319A
Application number: US443471A
Authority: US
Inventors: Bongrand Jean Etienne Charles; Lejeune Leon Sylvain Max
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1929-11-08
Filing date: 1930-04-11
Publication date: 1935-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 1952-01-01
Also published as: FR700581A; GB344415A; NL54259C; BE374072A

Description

1935- J. E. c. BONGRAND ET AL 1,986,319

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF THREADS 0F TEXTILE MATERIAL Filed April 11 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l Jam 1935- J. E. c. BONGRAND El AL 1,986,319

PRQCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF THREADS OF TEXTILE MATERIAL Filed April 11, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 1, 1935 PATENT OFFICE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF'THBEADS OF TEXTILE MATERIAL Jean Etienne Charles Bongrand, Paris, and Lon Sylvain Max Lejeune, Wasquehal, France Application April 11, 1930, Serial No. 443,471

In France November 8, 1929 4 Claims.

The present invention has for its object an improved process for manufacture of threads of textile material resulting in threads in which every textile fiber of the thread is entirely enveloped and in part penetrated, as well at the center of the thread as at the periphery thereof, by a cellu-'- lose compound such as cellulose ester, fatty acid cellulose ester or viscose.

It has already been proposed to impregnate textile threads with, or to apply thereto, a, solution of a cellulose compound; but the means proposed have not been suflicient to impregnate right through the core of the thread and to envelop or penetrate the individual fibers thereof By means of this invention, a penetration right through the core of the thread or yarn is accom-,- plished and the process consists in subjecting the textile material or roving, before twisting or cording, in contact with the treating cellulose compound; the percentage of the treating material to be absorbedv by the textile material depending upon the time during which the contact is efiected and upon the pressure exerted on the bath. The degree and duration of pressure required to effect the complete impregnation of the thread and the entire surrounding of the elementary fibers vary according to the character of the textile material a and other variable conditions, but are readily determined by trial in respect to each particular mass of textile material.

According to one form of the present invention,

the impregnation, i. e. penetration of the impregnating liquid through the core of the textile material and surrounding all individual fibers, is real- -ized by-causing a contact between the textile material and said impregnating material to take place under gaseous pressure, for instance in a gas tight container provided withvacuum and compressed gas pipes and suitable cocks.

According to a modification, the impregnation of textile material with a cellulose compound is efi'ected by one or several passages of the textile material-(roving, yarn, twisted or corded thread) at a suitable speed through a vat containing a solution of impregnating cellulose compound, whereupon the impregnated textile material is freed from the excess of solution and dried, and thereafter, if desired, smoothed.

As cellulose compounds, we employ cellulose ester, fatty acid of the cellulose ester or viscose, l. e. a compound of the cellulose obtained by treating cellulose with potassium (see definition of viscose given by the Ingos Chemical Dictionary of Hackh-Blackston) In the threads obtained according to our invention, the elementary fibers are connected to their neighbours by the cellulose compound which forms between them an elastic bond. This bond between the fibers and the cellulose compound has remarkable mechanical properties, such that, for one and the same quality of fibers, a smaller twist gives the same strength, and that with the same or even a smaller twist, shorter fibers may be used. The layer of cellulose compound which covers the thread may be in such a state that it' makes its 10 surface perfectly smoothand evenly glazed and' imparts. rigidity thereto. The threads possess a high mechanical resistance and keep their elasticity; this being not the case with the ordinary glazing processes.

Even in the case of twisted or stranded threads, the core of the thread is deeply impregnated and the elementary fibers according to the invention are entirely surrounded. In such threads, the complete coating by the cellulose compound of each of the elements isolates each of the said elements from the others, which is a great advantage for certain applications.

The threads according to the invention differ from the known threads by the fact of their complete impregnation and by the nature of the impregnating and covering material, from threads finished on the surface by means of colloidal materials such asv gelatine, casein, etc., polymerized or oxidized oils, artificial resins already formed or in the course of polymerization. They differ also for the same reasons from cotton threads covered merely on. the outside with viscose. In the threads according to the invention, the cellulose compound is so distributed in the direction of depth as to reach in the most complete manner possible all the elementary fibers which constitute the unit thread and to envelop them.

In the case of several successive treatments, the nature and the concentration of the impregnating substance may vary from one treatment to another. The first impregnation or impregnations must be penetrating, so as to reach the periphery of every fiber, while the othersfollowing have for their object to cause the disappearance of the surface down or fluff, to make the thread stiffer and then to give it polish. The solvent of cellulose compound must not be too volatile, so as to enable the hanks and. the bobbins to be unwound while polishing the thread and the thread to be subsequently dried.

The accompanying drawings show diagrammatically by way of example two constructions of apparatus suitable for carrying out the presfor receiving the textile material to be treated and by another container b for the impregnating liquid; 1' is a filling vat and'h a cock. The textile material is preferably placed on bobbins d with flexible and perforated spindles e affording passage to the liquid. The said bobbins are threaded on a perforated tube 1 and held close together by a clamping device such as g. If the textile material is in hanks, these hanks are placed in packets and arranged round the central tube f.

The containers at and b are connected by the pipe is and cocky on the one hand and by the pipe 4: and cock 1. on the other hand.

In the container b opens a compressed gas pipe 1 which may be closed by the cock s and the same pipe opens into the container a through the pipe 1' and the cock q. A vacuum pipe 0 opens into the container b (cock u) and into the container a (cock 1)) the vacuum being used for accelerating the circulation of the liquid.

The operation is as follows:

The apparatus being first completely empty, the bobbins d are placed in the container a; the latter is closed by a number of tightening screws 0 and all the cocks are then closed; the container b is filled, through the intermediary of the filling vat 2', with the impregnating dispersion, the cooks h and '2) (air escape) being opened; when the container b is filled, the cocks h and v are closed and the cock 1) opened so that a certain vacuum is created in the container 11. The cocks n and 9' are then opened to cause the passage of the liquid from b to a, and at the same time the compressed gas cock 8 is opened; when the liquid has reached a determined level the cock n is closed.

The textile material is now in contact with the.

impregnating material under a determined pressure of the compressed gas (nitrogen for instance). After a suitable time of contact the cocks s and j are closed and the cock 1; opened for the air escape. When the pressure has fallen to zero in the container b the cock u is opened to create a certain vacuum in the said container, and then the cock t is opened to allow the liquid which is in a to return into b. On the other hand the cock q is opened in order to accelerate, by pressure, the back flow of the liquid from a to b.

The operations as described may be repeated several times vif desired. The percentage of the impregnating liquid absorbed by the textile material depends upon the time of the contact under pressure and upon the degree of'the pressure. The bobbins are then dried, preferably in vacuum, in order to hasten the drying and to enable the work to be done at higher temperatures.

In the modified construction of the apparatus shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, the thread 1 to be impregnated coming from a bobbin 2, passes first of all between the bristles 3 of a brush 4 secured to a support 5, then between the bristles 6 of a brush 7 secured to a movable coverprovided with a support 8 and a joint 9. The thread passes finally through the bristles 10 of a brush 11 also secured to the support 5, and between the bristles 12 of a brush 13 before being wound on the reel 14. The support 5 contains a vat 15 provided with a recess 16 in which is placed the solution or dispersion or suspension of cellulose compound intended to impregnate the thread. The cover 8 is mounted on the support 5 by means of a hinge 1'7 and may be held against the said sup port by means of a closing device' 18. Between the brush 10 and the brush 12, the thread passes through an eyelet 19 having a reciprocating movement.

The cover 8 having been raised and the vat l5 filled with a solution or suspension or a dispersion of cellulose compound 16, the thread is unwound from the bobbin 2 and caused to pass through the

bristles

3, 10 and .12 of the

brushes

4, 11 and 13, and is secured to the reel 14. The cover 8 is then turned down and locked by means of the device 18, the result of which is to cause the thread to engage the bristles 6 of brush '7 and to immerse the thread into the vat 15. The reel is then started, and the thread is unwound from the bobbin 2, passing successively through the

brushes

4, 6, 11 and 13. It is thus impregnated with the cellulose compound suspension or solution, the excess of which is removed and regulated by the brush 13, by means of the bristles 12,

against which the thread rubs, not only longitudinally owing to its travel, but also transversely the thread being submitted to several immersions during a single passage, each passage being followed by a drying. If'the strength does not permit this, the thread may be caused to pass successively several times through the same vat.

The thread when completely unwound is freed from the liquid of cellulose compound suspension, dispersion or solution and is eventually polished by any desired well known means.

In any case, the impregnation liquid may be constituted by a solution of cellulose ester either in a volatile solvent or used in the form of an aqueous dispersion.

Impregnation by means of the impregnating apparatus (process shown in Fig. 1) may be completed by an impregnation during the unwinding of the thread (in the case of Figs. 2 to 4) for the purpose of smoothing or polishing the surface of the thread.

Impregnation on bobbins is preferable to impregn'ation in hanks, as the resistance opposed to the passage of the liquid assists penetration (of the liquid) down to the core of the thread.

The fibers impregnated with cellulose compound in the manner described may be then combined to form twisted threads either before or after the drying by the ordinary spinning processes. These twisted threads are subsequently stranded or corded if necessary, either before or after the drying and coagulation.

What we claim is:

1. A process for the impregnation of textile material with a dispersion of a cellulose compound consisting in placing the textile material in the condition of roving on bobbins in an air-tight container in contact with the said dispersion under the pressure of a gas, then unwinding the impregnated roving through a bath of said dispersion, removing the excess of the impregnating miflai, drying the thread and imparting to it an'additional smoothing.

2. A process for the impregnation of textile material with viscose consisting in placing the textile material in "the condition ofroving on bobbins in an air-tight container in contact with the said viscose under the pressure 01 agas, then unwinding the impregnated, roving through a bath of a cellulose compound, removing the excess of the impregnating material, drying the thread and imparting to it an additional smoothins.

3. A process for the treatment of textile material witha dispersionof a cellulose compound, consisting in placing the textile material in the condition of roving on bobbins in an air-tight container in contact with said dispersion under under the pressure a vacuum on the said viscose the pressure of a gas, exerting successively a vacuum on the said dispersion and a pressure by a gas onto the said dispersion, then unwinding the impregnated thread and imparting to it an additional smoothing.

v4. A process for the treatment of textile material with viscose, consisting in placing the textile material in the condition of roving on bobbins in an air-tight container in contact with said viscose of a gas, exerting successively and a pressure by a gas onto the said viscose, then unwinding the impregnated textile material, drying the thread and imparting to it an additional smoothing.

JEAN ETIENNE CHARLES BONGRAND.

mLoN SYLVAIN MAX LEJEUNE.

textile material, drying the