US1984139A

US1984139A - Process of dressing artificial silk

Info

Publication number: US1984139A
Application number: US694195A
Authority: US
Inventors: Koch Theodoor
Original assignee: American Enka Corp
Current assignee: Akzona Inc
Priority date: 1932-10-18
Filing date: 1933-10-18
Publication date: 1934-12-11
Anticipated expiration: 1951-12-11
Also published as: GB419119A; NL36854C

Description

Patented Dee. ll, l$34 UNITED gTATES IPRQECIESS @11 DRIESEING AREKFHCCEAL SEEK No Drawing. Application @ctoicer 118, 1933, Serial No. 69%,195. Him Germany @ctober 118, 1932 5 (Claims.

It is known to use linseed oil as a dressing or sizing agent for artificial sill; yarn. In order to facilitate the removal of the dried dressing soaplike compounds soluble inbenzine, sodium salt 5 of sulpho-ricinic acid and the like have also been added to the linseed oil-containing mixtures.

Artificial sill: which has been dressed or sized with linseedoil loses its strength very much in the course of time; particularly when the sill: has been stored for some time at a rather high temperature and the presence of moisture.

It was assumed that, since the formation oi peroxide from the linseed oil could be proved, peroxide-like substances were formed by selfoxidation from the drying oils, but experiments have shown that there are formed during the oxidation process organic acids which have a weakening action upon the cellulose fibres. "lhus, in a linseed oil film which had been dried for a week, the'acid number was found to be 57.4, whereas in the case of fresh linseed oil the acid number was only 3.0.

According to the invention, these organic acids which are formed during the drying and aging of the film of oil are rendered harmless by neutralization or by counteraction.

Since the drying and hardening process takes place with the substantial exclusion of water,

there can be used for the process according to the invention only such additional substances which remain suficiently distributed in the cellulose threads over a long period. For this purpose certain organic bases have proved suitable. In order to obtain the most favourable results, they must be very homogeneously distributed throughout the cellulose. When cellulose is being dried, they must not give rise by capillary action to the formation of places which are less well protected; further, they must be as little volatile as possible and, it best results are to be (or. se i) Nr orrice From such oils which, owing to this preparatory treatment, already contain large quantities of acid, the acid may be first removed by alkaline de-acidification, steam distillation or other treatment suitable for the purpose.

will often be sufficient.

The following are examples of the manner in which the process may be carried into effect.

Example 1 In this case a smaller addition or the substance to the dressing The dressing of artificial sill; is effected with a solution containing Benzene 8G Parts Chinese wood oil Triethanolaniine v Butyl alcohol 5 Triethanolamine is not soluble in benzene but forms with butyl alcohol a homogeneous ternary mixture. After drying the silk for some days at a temperature of 30 C. an experiment was carried out in order to determine its resistance. In this experiment the silk was exposed for 5 days to a temperature of C.-the degree of moisture being about The results with artificial sill; treated with and without the addition of 'triethanolamine were as follows:---

With txiethsnolamine Without triethanolamine Strength, wet-.... Extension, dry

0.76 den 0.19 g. per den. 8%.

Example 2 The procedure is similar to that in Example 1, but the silk is dressed with an emulsion containing 6% of a mixture containing equal quantities of oxidized linseed oil and Chinese wood oil following results with artificial silk:-

With quinoline Without quincline gtrength, wet

0.54 K. W! den 10.6

0.26 g. per den. 11.3%.

xtension, dry.

rapid may be counteracted by the addition" of anti-omdation means, for example naphthols, hydroquinone and the like. if desired, however, the drying may be accelerated by an aftertreatment with oxygen, ozone and the like. if

I claim:--

i. A'method of protecting artificial sill: fila ments againststhe injurious action of products formed from the oxidation of drying oils which comprises first treating the said filaments with a water soluble, hygroscopic, non-volatile organic base of the class consisting of alkylamines, arylamines, and heterocyclic bases, and subsequently applying a sizing agent having contained therein, a drying oil.

2. A method of protecting artificial silk niamentsagainst the injurious action of products formed from the oxidation of drying oils which comprises first treating the said filaments with a water soluble, hygroscopic, non-volatile allryh amine derived from higher aliphatic alcohols, and

subsequently applying a sizing agent having con== tmned therein, a drying oil.

3. Amethooi' of protecting artificial silk iila= merits against the injurious action of products formed from the oxidationoi drying oils which comprises firsttreating the said filaments with a water soluble, hygroscopic, non-volatile hy= droxy-allsylamine, and subsequently applying a sizing agent having contained therein, a drying oil.

4:. A method of protectingartificial sills iila merits against the injurious action of products formed iromthe oxidation of drying oils which comprises first treating the said filaments with quinoline, and subsequently applying a sizing agent having contained therein, a drying oil.

5. A method of protecting artificial nlk filaments against the, injurious action of products formed from the oxidation of drying oils which comprisesflrst treating the said filaments with a water soluble, hygroscopic, non-volatile allzyl= aniline, and subsequently applying a sizing agent having contained therein, a drying oil.

THEQDQOR KOCH.