US1983711A - Radiator type air conditioning - Google Patents

Radiator type air conditioning Download PDF

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US1983711A
US1983711A US1983711DA US1983711A US 1983711 A US1983711 A US 1983711A US 1983711D A US1983711D A US 1983711DA US 1983711 A US1983711 A US 1983711A
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air
housing
openings
radiator
heat exchange
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/147—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification with both heat and humidity transfer between supplied and exhausted air

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat exchangers and more particularly concerns an improved radiator device for use in heating and/or cooling the rooms of buildings or other similar enclosures.
  • radiators In certain types of known heating systems for buildings, heat is transferred from a suitable fluid such as hot water or steam through radiators located in the building rooms. It is desirable that radiators for this purpose be compact in design and inconspicuous in appearance, and at the same time, efficient in heat transferring action.
  • an improved radiator device or heat exchanger which is capable of propelling air over the heat exchanging surfaces either by convection or by mechanical air propelling means, as conditions may require.
  • the invention also contemplates the provision of a radiator including means for humidifying the propelled air by evaporating liquid from the circulatory system therein.
  • Other objects of the invention include improved means for collecting and removing condensed moisture from the heat exchanging surfaces when the device is used as a cooler and improved means for supplying variable amounts of fresh air at theproper temperature to the room.
  • a further object of the invention resides in the provision of a radiator construction which is compact in arrangement and relatively small in size, and which presents an inconspicuous and pleasing appearance when installed in a room.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevation of a radiator device embodying our invention, with certain parts cut away to show the interior construction there-
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrows;
  • Figure 3 is a-sectional line 3-3 of Figure 1 and of the arrows.
  • the invention includes a having air gular housing H view taken along the viewed in the direction the radiator device substantially rectaninlet openings 4 adjacent the lower edge of the front wall 5 thereof and air outlet openings 6 adjacent the upper edge of such wall.
  • the housing H is located in a recess of a room wall '7 with the front wall 5 of the device substantially flush with the inner or room surface of the wall. It should be understood that the invention is in no way limited to this type of installation,
  • H may be located at any desired and that the housing point within a room rather than in a wall recess as shown.
  • the housing change unit E In general, the housing change unit E,
  • H encloses a heat exan air propelling means F :and a humidifying means G, together with means for collecting condensed moisture,
  • the heat exchange unit E is preferably of. the
  • finned tube type and as shown, may comprise a plurality of horizontal tubes8 disposed transversely of the housing H at a the air inlet opening tween an inlet header 9 and point somewhat above 4.
  • the tubes 8 extend bean outlet header 10 and a series of vertical closely spaced fins 11 of copper or other suitable heat conductive metal are fixed to all of the tubes.
  • the inlet header 9 is sup-v plied with water or other circulated fluid through a pipe 12 under the the operating handle 14 of disposed outside of H, as shown in Figure 2.
  • This valve is accessibly the front wall 5 of the housing
  • An outlet pipe 15 is connected to the header 10.
  • the air propelling means F is preferably disposed above and spaced 2. short distance from the heat exchange unit E.
  • this air propelling means comprises two rotary blowers or fans 19 disposed within a casing 20 and driven by a motor 21.
  • the casing 20 is fixed against the rear wall of the housing H but is spaced a considerable distance from the front wall 5 thereof so as to provide a vertical air passage 22 around the blowers 19 from the upper surface of the heat exchange unit E to the upper outlet opening 6 of the housing H.
  • the flow of air through this passage is controlled by a damper 23 hinged to the upper inside edge of the fan casing 20 and movable by means of a sector 24 and a pinion 25 to close or open the upper end of the passage, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the shaft of the pinion 25 extends through the front wall 5 of the housing H, and a handle or knob 26 is provided on this shaft to operate the damper 23.
  • the blowers 19 are of conventional construction, each comprising a rotary impeller 27 journaled on a suitable shaft 28.
  • the blades 29 of the impellers are radially disposed and a circular opening 30 is provided in thecasing 20 adjacent the central portion of each blower, the edges of these openings being substantially aligned with the inner ends of the radial blades '29, as shown in Figure 1.
  • Each blower shaft extends through the adjacent opening 30 and carries a pulley 31 at the end thereof.
  • the blowers are driven by the centrally disposed motor 21 through the belts 32.
  • the blowers 19 induce a current of air which enters the housing H through the openings 4, passes upwardly through the heat exchange unit E, enters the openings 30 of the blower casing 20 through the passage 22, passes out of the blower casing through the open upper end thereof and leaves the housing H through the openings 6.
  • the motor 21 is shut down and the damper 23 is opened, whereupon air is propelled through the heat exchange unit E and the passage 22 by convection.
  • this means comprises a spray nozzle 33 disposed above the heat exchange unit E and acting to project a substantially horizontal stream of water across the heated air. stream rising from-the unit. The water stream impinges upon a block 34 located on the back wall of the housing H and is broken up into a fine mist or spray which quickly evaporates in the heated air.
  • the nozzle 33 is preferably supplied with hot water or steam from the inlet header 9 of the heat exchange unit E through a pipe 35, and the flow of humidifying fluid is governed erated by a handle or knob 36 outside of the housing wall 5.
  • fresh or outside air is preferably introduced to the housing H below the heat exchange unit E though a conduit or duct 39 communicating with the outside atmosphere.
  • a screen or air filter 40 may be disposed in this duct if desired.
  • the opening 41 through which the duct 39 communicates with the housing H is controlled by a damper 42 which is movable about the hinge 43 to vary the amount of fresh air admitted.
  • the damper 42 may be moved by any suitable means, and as shown, a knob 44 located outside of the housing wall 5 operates a worm 45 engaginga sector 46 and the sector 46 is connected with the damper 42 through a link 47.
  • Our improved radiator device is suitable for use with a system in which water is circulated through the heat exchange unit E, this water being heated to a temperature higher than that of the room air during the cooler seasons and being cooled to a lower temperature than that of the room air during the warmer .months.
  • the radiator device of the invention is, of course, applicable to steam or hot water heating systems or to cooling systems, and the forced air propelling means may be used under heating conditions as well as cooling conditions if desired.
  • a vertically extending housing having air openings adjacent the upper and lower ends thereof, a heat exchange unit extending across said housing between said openings, a casing in said housing having an opening communicating with said heat exchange unit and an opening communicating with said upper air opening, means in said casing for propelling air from said lower air opening through said heat exchange unit and said casing and outv of said upper air opening, a substantially vertical duct in said housing extending past said casing and connecting said heat exchange device directly with said upper air opening and movable means for at times closing said duct.
  • a housing having vertically spaced air openings therein, a,
  • a housing having vertically spaced air openings therein, and a.heat exchange device disposed in said housing in the path of air travel through said housing between said openings, said heat exchange device comprising at least one longitudinally extending fluid carrying duct, a plurality of vertical fins on said duct, said fins having straight lower edges disposed at an angle to the horizontal and terminating at downwardly disposed points substantially aligned longitudinally of the device and a moisture collecting trough disposed beneathsaid points of all of said fins.
  • a heat exchange device comprising a plurality of longitudinally extendingtubes, a plurality of vertically extending fins closely spaced on said tubes, said fins having straight lower edges disposed at an angle to the horizontal and terminating at downwardly disposed points aligned longitudinally of said tubes and spaced laterally from a vertical projection of said tubes and a trough disposed beneath said points of said fins at one side of a vertical projection of said tubes, whereby moisture condensed on said fins may be collected without materially obstructing the flow of air vertically to said device.
  • a heat exchange device comprising a plurality of substantially parallel longitudinally extending tubes, a plurality of vertically extending fins engaging said tubes and closely spaced longitudinally of said tubes, all of said fins having slanting lower edges with their lowermost points at one side of said device, and a moisture collecting trough disposed at one side of said device beneath the lowermost points of said fins.
  • a vertically extending housing having vertically spaced air inlet and outlet openings therein, a radiator unit extending across said housing between said openings, a casing in said housing having an opening communicating with said radiator unit and an opening communicarting with one of said housing openings, means in said casing for propelling air through said casing between the openings thereof, a duct in said housing connecting said radiator unit with both of the aforesaid housing openings independently of said casing and means for at times closing said duct.
  • a vertically extending housing having vertically spaced air inlet and outlet openings therein, a radiator unit extending across said housing between said openings, a casing in said housing having an opening communicating with said radiator unit and an opening communicating with one of said housing openings, an air propelling device in said casing for propelling air through said casing between the openings thereof, a duct in said housing connecting said radiator unit with the aforesaid housing openings independently of said casing, means for at times closing said duct and means located in said duct for driving said air propelling means in said casing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Dec; 11, 1934. H. L. SMITH. JR.. ET AL RADIATOR TYPE AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 21, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY Dec. 11, 1934. H. L, SMITH. JR.. ET AL RADIATOR TYPE AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 21, 1933 2 SheetsSheet 2 nw l 1 II I ENTORS J Patented Dec. 11', 1934 'RADIATOR TYPE AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS Horace L. Smith, Jr., and Lucian N. Jones, Richmond, Va., assignors Corporation, Richmond, Va,
Virginia to Thermal Engineering a corporation of Application October 21, 1933 Serial No. 694,560
8 Elaims.
This invention relates to heat exchangers and more particularly concerns an improved radiator device for use in heating and/or cooling the rooms of buildings or other similar enclosures.
In certain types of known heating systems for buildings, heat is transferred from a suitable fluid such as hot water or steam through radiators located in the building rooms. It is desirable that radiators for this purpose be compact in design and inconspicuous in appearance, and at the same time, efficient in heat transferring action.
In known heating systems of the type referred to, convection air currents are customarily relied upon to cause the flow of the room air past the radiator surfaces. Although air propulsion by convection may be satisfactory in some heating installations, when the radiator system is arranged for both heating and cooling of the room air, as in the system disclosed in our copending application, Serial No. 691,780, filed October 2, 1933, it is desirable that positive air propelling means be employed in connection with the radiators, at least while the system is being used to cool the room air.
With the above and other considerations in mind, it is proposed in accordance with the pres-, ent invention to provide an improved radiator device or heat exchanger which is capable of propelling air over the heat exchanging surfaces either by convection or by mechanical air propelling means, as conditions may require. The invention also contemplates the provision of a radiator including means for humidifying the propelled air by evaporating liquid from the circulatory system therein. Other objects of the invention include improved means for collecting and removing condensed moisture from the heat exchanging surfaces when the device is used as a cooler and improved means for supplying variable amounts of fresh air at theproper temperature to the room.
A further object of the invention resides in the provision of a radiator construction which is compact in arrangement and relatively small in size, and which presents an inconspicuous and pleasing appearance when installed in a room.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings in which an embodiment thereof has been illustrated. In the drawings;
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a radiator device embodying our invention, with certain parts cut away to show the interior construction there- Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrows; and
Figure 3 is a-sectional line 3-3 of Figure 1 and of the arrows.
Referring to the drawings, of the invention includes a having air gular housing H view taken along the viewed in the direction the radiator device substantially rectaninlet openings 4 adjacent the lower edge of the front wall 5 thereof and air outlet openings 6 adjacent the upper edge of such wall. As shown, the housing H is located in a recess of a room wall '7 with the front wall 5 of the device substantially flush with the inner or room surface of the wall. It should be understood that the invention is in no way limited to this type of installation,
H may be located at any desired and that the housing point within a room rather than in a wall recess as shown.
In general, the housing change unit E,
H encloses a heat exan air propelling means F :and a humidifying means G, together with means for collecting condensed moisture,
e air curre ing and regulating th means for directnts and various other elements as hereinafter described.
The heat exchange unit E is preferably of. the
finned tube type and as shown, may comprise a plurality of horizontal tubes8 disposed transversely of the housing H at a the air inlet opening tween an inlet header 9 and point somewhat above 4. The tubes 8 extend bean outlet header 10 and a series of vertical closely spaced fins 11 of copper or other suitable heat conductive metal are fixed to all of the tubes.
The inlet header 9 is sup-v plied with water or other circulated fluid through a pipe 12 under the the operating handle 14 of disposed outside of H, as shown in Figure 2.
control of avalve 13, and
this valve is accessibly the front wall 5 of the housing An outlet pipe 15 is connected to the header 10.
In accordance with our dis invention, the lower posed at an angle to as shown inFigures 2 and 3, nt downward from the to-the rear thereof, as '7 is disposed beneath the lower rearward ends of the fins 11, and a pipe 18 connects this trough with a suitable drain. With this arrangement, when mo tubes 8 and fins 11 during the cooling oper em, this moisture runs in drops to the of the syst isture collects on the ation lower slanting edges 16 of the fins 11 and these drops then travel along the slanting edges to their lowermost extremities and tion trough 17.
fall into the condensa- The air propelling means F is preferably disposed above and spaced 2. short distance from the heat exchange unit E. In the disclosed embodiment, this air propelling means comprises two rotary blowers or fans 19 disposed within a casing 20 and driven by a motor 21. The casing 20 is fixed against the rear wall of the housing H but is spaced a considerable distance from the front wall 5 thereof so as to provide a vertical air passage 22 around the blowers 19 from the upper surface of the heat exchange unit E to the upper outlet opening 6 of the housing H. The flow of air through this passage is controlled by a damper 23 hinged to the upper inside edge of the fan casing 20 and movable by means of a sector 24 and a pinion 25 to close or open the upper end of the passage, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. The shaft of the pinion 25 extends through the front wall 5 of the housing H, and a handle or knob 26 is provided on this shaft to operate the damper 23.
The blowers 19 are of conventional construction, each comprising a rotary impeller 27 journaled on a suitable shaft 28. The blades 29 of the impellers are radially disposed and a circular opening 30 is provided in thecasing 20 adjacent the central portion of each blower, the edges of these openings being substantially aligned with the inner ends of the radial blades '29, as shown in Figure 1. Each blower shaft extends through the adjacent opening 30 and carries a pulley 31 at the end thereof.
The blowers are driven by the centrally disposed motor 21 through the belts 32. With the disclosed construction, when the motor 21 is operated and the damper 23 is closed, the blowers 19 induce a current of air which enters the housing H through the openings 4, passes upwardly through the heat exchange unit E, enters the openings 30 of the blower casing 20 through the passage 22, passes out of the blower casing through the open upper end thereof and leaves the housing H through the openings 6. When forced air circulation is not needed, the motor 21 is shut down and the damper 23 is opened, whereupon air is propelled through the heat exchange unit E and the passage 22 by convection.
We prefer to provide means for humidifying the air when the heat exchange unit E is being used to raise the air temperature. In the disclosed embodiment, this means comprises a spray nozzle 33 disposed above the heat exchange unit E and acting to project a substantially horizontal stream of water across the heated air. stream rising from-the unit. The water stream impinges upon a block 34 located on the back wall of the housing H and is broken up into a fine mist or spray which quickly evaporates in the heated air. The nozzle 33 is preferably supplied with hot water or steam from the inlet header 9 of the heat exchange unit E through a pipe 35, and the flow of humidifying fluid is governed erated by a handle or knob 36 outside of the housing wall 5.
When metallic surfaces exposed to room air are cooled to a temperature below the dewpoint of this air, moisture condenses on these surfaces. In order to prevent this so-called sweating of the front housing wall 5, we provide an inner wall 37, spaced a short distance from the front wall 5 and extending across the entire width of the housing from the upper end of the lower air inlet openings 4 to the lower end of the upper air outlet openings 6. The walls 5 and 37 form therebetween a vertical air passage 38 extending from. the air openings 4 to the air openings 6. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the comparatively warm by a valve op-' room air flows through the passage 38 and maintains the walls 5 and 37 at a temperature above the dewpoint of the room air. This flow of air through the passage 38 is induced by the main air stream which is propelled through the housing H by the circulating means F.
In most installations, it is desirable to introduce a variable amount of fresh air from the out side atmosphere into the room or enclosure. This is ordinarily accomplished by opening windows, with the result that uncomfortable drafts or cold or hot air streaks are produced in the room. With our improved radiator device, the ventilating air from the outside may be introduced in the desired quantities through the heat exchange unit whereby this air is brought to the required temperature before it enters the room proper. The
fresh or outside air is preferably introduced to the housing H below the heat exchange unit E though a conduit or duct 39 communicating with the outside atmosphere. A screen or air filter 40 may be disposed in this duct if desired. The opening 41 through which the duct 39 communicates with the housing H is controlled by a damper 42 which is movable about the hinge 43 to vary the amount of fresh air admitted. The damper 42 may be moved by any suitable means, and as shown, a knob 44 located outside of the housing wall 5 operates a worm 45 engaginga sector 46 and the sector 46 is connected with the damper 42 through a link 47.
Our improved radiator device is suitable for use with a system in which water is circulated through the heat exchange unit E, this water being heated to a temperature higher than that of the room air during the cooler seasons and being cooled to a lower temperature than that of the room air during the warmer .months. When used with such a system, it is generally preferred to operate the blowers 19 only when the system is used to cool the room air, and to open the damper 23 and propel the air by convection alone when the air is being heated. The radiator device of the invention is, of course, applicable to steam or hot water heating systems or to cooling systems, and the forced air propelling means may be used under heating conditions as well as cooling conditions if desired.
We claim:
1. In a device of the type described, a vertically extending housing having air openings adjacent the upper and lower ends thereof, a heat exchange unit extending across said housing between said openings, a casing in said housing having an opening communicating with said heat exchange unit and an opening communicating with said upper air opening, means in said casing for propelling air from said lower air opening through said heat exchange unit and said casing and outv of said upper air opening, a substantially vertical duct in said housing extending past said casing and connecting said heat exchange device directly with said upper air opening and movable means for at times closing said duct.
2. In a device of the type described, a housing having vertically spaced air openings therein, a,
posed at an angle to the horizontal, and means in such housing disposed beneath the lowest points of said fins for collecting moisture condensed upon and falling from said fins.
4. In a device of the type described, a housing having vertically spaced air openings therein, and a.heat exchange device disposed in said housing in the path of air travel through said housing between said openings, said heat exchange device comprising at least one longitudinally extending fluid carrying duct, a plurality of vertical fins on said duct, said fins having straight lower edges disposed at an angle to the horizontal and terminating at downwardly disposed points substantially aligned longitudinally of the device and a moisture collecting trough disposed beneathsaid points of all of said fins.
5. A heat exchange device comprising a plurality of longitudinally extendingtubes, a plurality of vertically extending fins closely spaced on said tubes, said fins having straight lower edges disposed at an angle to the horizontal and terminating at downwardly disposed points aligned longitudinally of said tubes and spaced laterally from a vertical projection of said tubes and a trough disposed beneath said points of said fins at one side of a vertical projection of said tubes, whereby moisture condensed on said fins may be collected without materially obstructing the flow of air vertically to said device.
6. A heat exchange device comprising a plurality of substantially parallel longitudinally extending tubes, a plurality of vertically extending fins engaging said tubes and closely spaced longitudinally of said tubes, all of said fins having slanting lower edges with their lowermost points at one side of said device, and a moisture collecting trough disposed at one side of said device beneath the lowermost points of said fins.
7. In a device of the type described, a vertically extending housing having vertically spaced air inlet and outlet openings therein, a radiator unit extending across said housing between said openings, a casing in said housing having an opening communicating with said radiator unit and an opening communicarting with one of said housing openings, means in said casing for propelling air through said casing between the openings thereof, a duct in said housing connecting said radiator unit with both of the aforesaid housing openings independently of said casing and means for at times closing said duct.
8. In a device of the type described, a vertically extending housing having vertically spaced air inlet and outlet openings therein, a radiator unit extending across said housing between said openings, a casing in said housing having an opening communicating with said radiator unit and an opening communicating with one of said housing openings, an air propelling device in said casing for propelling air through said casing between the openings thereof, a duct in said housing connecting said radiator unit with the aforesaid housing openings independently of said casing, means for at times closing said duct and means located in said duct for driving said air propelling means in said casing.
HORACE L. SMITH, JR. LUCIAN N. JONES.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2481625A (en) * 1947-08-29 1949-09-13 Thomas H Sarchet Air-conditioning unit
US2660945A (en) * 1950-03-02 1953-12-01 Fedders Quigan Corp Damper control means for air conditioning units

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2481625A (en) * 1947-08-29 1949-09-13 Thomas H Sarchet Air-conditioning unit
US2660945A (en) * 1950-03-02 1953-12-01 Fedders Quigan Corp Damper control means for air conditioning units

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