US1978841A - Roof - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 30, 1934. G A HOLMAN 1,978,841

ROOF

Filed Dec. 3, 1952 Patented Oct. 30, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE 4Claims.

This invention relates to roots, and more particularly to a roofing shingle of improved shape and the manner of laying such shingles to afford coverage of either single or double thick- 5 ness.

While the shingles herein described may be formed individually of any suitable roofing material such as wood, slate, fiber, tile or the like, they are preferably cut from sheet roofing ma- VDterial such as asphalt roll roofing, asbestos roofing, or that known generally as artificial roofing.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a shingle which may be cut from stock material with minimum or no waste and of such shape as to facilitate their disposition in such overlapping relation :as will insure tight joints, and'their attachment with increased security.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved manner of disposing roofing shin gles, relative to each other and securing them in adjusted relation, to afford a leak tight rooi which will not curl nor buckle and which the wind cannot blow up.

A further object of the invention is to provide a shingle which will be inexpensive and which can be cut by the workman from standard roll or sheet roofing, thereby minimizing cost of production.

A further object is to afford a shingle and manner of laying the same in series which will afford a roof of pleasing appearance.

A further object of the invention is to provide a shingle shaped to receive a marginal fasten.- ing clip in such relation that the shingle is held against lateral displacement.

A further object of the invention is to provide a shingle of improved shape and a roof structure composed of such shingles embodying the several features of merit and advantage as herein set forth.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in view, as will more fully appear in the specification, the invention consists of the features of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and the mode of operation, or their equivalents, as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a plan view of a roof comprising a plurality of overlapping shingles, arranged in succeeding tiers to afford a roof of single coverage, embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view of a plurality of shingles of larger size disposed in double coverage rela- 55 tionship. Fig. 3 is a plan view illustrating the systematic cutting of a stock sheet of material into a succession of shingles without waste. Fig.

4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 illustrating the cutting of shingles of larger size for double coverage. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view illustrating the application of a marginal anchor clip.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

The present shingles 1-1, which are preferably cut from stock sheet 2 of roofing material, each comprise a substantially rectangular section, having in one corner thereof an angular cutout or reentrant notch 3 and projecting from the opposite margin of the shingle in transverse alinement with the corner cutout or notch 3 is a marginally projecting tab or tongue 4; The cutout 3 and tab or tongue 4 are of substantially identical shape and proportions. In fact in the processof manufacture of successive shingles 1 from a stock sheet 2, the material removed in the formation of the cutout 3 of one shingle comprises the tab or tongue 4 of a succeeding shingle of a series. as is well illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. The difference between single and double coverage shingles is merely that the single coverage shingles are square, while the double coverage shingles are oblong.-

For illustrative purpose, and with no intent to limit the invention to shingles of any particular proportions or size, 'it may be stated that the popular sizes of single coverage shingles, shown'in Figs. 1 and 3, are twelve inches square and sixteen inches square, whereas the popular sizes of double coverage shingles, shown in Figs. 2 and 4, are twelve inches wide and twenty inches long, and also sixteen inches wide and twentyeight inches long. The cutouts 3 and tabs or tongues 4 in each instance are usually two and a half inches square.

In laying the shingles into a roof they are diagonally disposed in overlapping tiers with the terminal margin 5 of one shingle intersecting the lateral margin 6 of an adjacent shingle, thus forming a reentrant right angle 7. The shingles of each tier are secured in such diagonally disposed relation by nails 8 located in the corners of the shingles opposite the cutouts and tabs respectively. Theshingles of each succeeding tier are disposed in like relation but staggered relative to those of the preceding tier and arranged with the corner cutout or notch '3 of each shingle in registry with the angle 7 formed by the-margins of two underlying shingles. In such position the attachment nails 8 of each shingle are covered and concealed by the overlapping shingle 110 of the succeeding tier. Likewise the cutout of the overlying shingle is disposed in symmetrical diagonally ofiset relation with the tab or tongue 4 of'the underlying shingle of the preceding tier, as is illustrated in Fig. 1. The shingles will securely retain their respective positions without other fastening means, particularly if an additional nail be driven through the tab 4 of each shinge or in close proximity thereto. However, for added security, marginal anchor clips 10 are employed. Such clips are preferably of sub-' stantially U-shape embracing the margins of the overlapping shingles within the registering angles 3 and. 7, with the under arm of the U-shaped clip attached tothe roof structure beneath the. shingles and with the .outer arm thereof oveil;1 lapping the uppermost shingle coincident wi the angle of the cutout 3. A typical anchor device eminently suitable for this purpose is disclosed in United States Patent, No. 1,825,732 of October 6, 1931.

The. shingles of .double coverage size are laid in like manner, but being longer, each shingle not only overlaps the shingles of the preceding tier, but extends into limited overlapping relation with a shingle of the second preceding tier as is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4. Such double coverage shingles are likewise disposed in angular or diagonal relation with the cutout 3 of each shingle substantially in registry with the angle 7 formed by the margins of two shingles of the preceding tier, and are secured in like manner by the nails 8 and anchor clips 10.

From the above description it will be apparent that there is thus provided a device of the character described possessing the particular features of advantage before enumerated as desirable, but which obviously is susceptible of modification in its form, proportions, detail construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

While in order to comply with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to structural features, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific features shown, but that the means and construction herein disclosed comprise the preferred form oi. several modes of putting the invention into effect, and the invention is therefore claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the legitimate and valid scope-oi the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A roof section including a succession of substantially rectangular shingles diagonally disposed in overlapping tiers with the terminal margin of one shingle intersecting the side margin of a succeeding shingle and forming substantially a right angle therewith, each shingle having in its overlapping portion a substantially right angle corner notch, a tab extension projecting from the underlying portion of each shingle in opposite aligned relation with the corner notch thereof and of substantially identical size and shape, the shingles of succeeding tiers being staggered with their comer notches in registry with the angles formed by the intersecting margins of underlying shingles of a preceding tier, and in diagonally offset parallel relation with. the extension tabs of said underlyingshingles,

2. A succession of substantially rectangular shingles diagonally disposed in superposed overlapping tiers, the shingles of each tier being arranged with the terminal margin of each shingle intersecting the lateral margin of an adjacent shingle in substantially right angle relation, reach jecting tab disposedopposite the notchnf each {1? shingle, said shingles being diagonally disposed 1 side by side in overlapping tiers with the terminal margin of each shingle intersecting in right angle relation the side margin of an adjacent shingle, -the shingles of each overlying tier being disposed in like manner but in staggered relation to those of the preceding tier and with their corner notches in registry with the angular intersection of theterminal and side margins of shingles of such preceding tier and with these tabs, and attachment means for securing the shingles in such overlapping relation.

4. A roofing section comprising a succession of substantially rectangular shingles diagonally disposed in overlapping tiers, each shingle having a corner cutout in its overlying portion and a marginal tab extension on its underlying portion, such comer cutout of an overlapping shingle and the tab extension of an underlying shingle being dis-

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