US19777A - Gas-generator - Google Patents

Description

J. G. HOCK.`

. Gas Apparatus. No. 19,777.; I Patented March 30, 1858.

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JOHN G.` HOCI, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

GAS-GENERATOR.

Specicaton of Letters Patent No. 19,777, dated March 30, 1858.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN G. HOOK, of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Illuminating-Gas; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full., clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part' of this specication, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of the apparatus complete. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the retort and furnace, at right angles to Fig. 1, in the plane indicated by the line --x- Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the furnace, in the plane indicated by the line y, y, in Figs. l and 2. Fig. 4 is a plan of the gas-holder, condenser, and purifier. Fig. 5, is a horizontal section of the furnace door frame.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

My improvements are more particularly designed for small gasworks for dwelling houses and public buildings, though they are wholly or in part applicable to gasworks on a larger scale.

They consist in certain provisions for vaporiZing the tar fromcoal or other gas and returning it in a state of vapor to the retort, to be decomposed and converted into gas, which improvement is also applicable to the vaporization of rosin oilor other substance of a liquid state or capable of liquefaction by heat, previous to its introduction to the body of the retort, to be decomposed or converted into gas.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A is the retort furnace, constructed with such an arrangement of flues (not necessary to be herein described) as to cause the products of combustion to take a circuitous direction around about the retort. The door of this furnace is lined with lire-clay inserted in a peculiar manner, to wit, by inclosing a slab p, of fire-clay in a double iron frame fm, n, (as shown in Figs. l and 5,) the two parts of which frame are hinged together on one side by a hinge 0, (Fig. 5.) The inner portion m, of this frame, which fits around the slab, is made entirely open on the outer side to admit the slab, but has a small rim 6, 6, on the inner side for the slab to rest against, and the outer portion n, fits over the inner portion m, and is made with a plate 8, to cover the exterior of the slab. The main hinge g, on which the door opens is attached to the inner portion m, of the frame, which admits of thev outer portion n, being opened while the door is in its place, for the purpose of introducing the fire-clay slab or replacing it by a new one, if at any time necessary. The part n is secured to m, on the side opposite the hinge, after the slab has been introduced and shut up, by means of a bolt passing through loops l0, 10, or by any other kind of fastening.

B, is the retort constructed with a raised chamber B1, on the top, near the rear end,

and with a chamber C, extending from top to bottom at the extreme rear, the saidl cham bers B1, and C, being both closed at the top by a single cover D, which is movable when necessary. The chamber B1, which is in free communication with the main body B, of the retort, and with which the upper part of the gas outlet pipe E is connected, contains a series of shelves a, c, on which to place lime or other purifying material, over which, by a proper arrangement of openings in the said shelves, the gas is caused to pass to effect its partial purification as it is about to leave the retort by the pipe E. The chamber C has no communication with the main body B, of the retort, except at a passage p1, at the bottom and. below a grating or perforated plate b, which is fitted to and supported in the retort near the bottom for the purpose of leaving an open space c, below the coal or other solid gas-making material y with which the retort is charged, which Inaterial is intended to rest upon the said grating.v This grating or perforated plate b, may be constructed in two or more pieces so as to be capable of withdrawal at the `mouth of the retort if necessary.

The chamber C, which is heated like the main body of the retort, contains an upright vaporizer G, of conical, pyramidal, or other taper form, terminating in a point or nearly so at the top,v substantially as represented in Fig. l, said vaporizer being constructed of metal either solid or hollow, and havinga small gutter (l, around its base; and above this vaporizer there is supported within said chamber C, a funnel I-I, to which the overflowv of tar from the hydraulic main is all conveyed by a pipe I. This tar, dripping through the bottom of the funnel on to the top of the vaporizer, trickles slowly down the exterior surface of the latter, Which being kept at a high temperature by the fire Which almost entirely surrounds the vaporizing chamber O, eects the vaporization of the Whole of this tar., The vapor thus produced, finding no other means of escape, passes into the space 0, under the grating b, and escapes through said grating among the coal or other substance in the retort, and is there decomposed by heat and converted into gas, which passes oii' by the pipe E, along with What is generated by the substance contained in the retort. The gutter d, receives any tar that is not vaporized in the act of running dovvn the surface of the vaporizer and prevents its falling on to the bottom of the retort and becoming carbonized, and retains it till it is vaporized.

K, is the movable head of the retort, which set forth.

JOHN GEORGE HOOK. Witnesses:

W. TUsoH, I. W. CooMBs.

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