US1974752A - Concrete mold construction - Google Patents

Description

Se t. 25, 1934. o. ROBERG 1,974,752

CONCRETE MOLD CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 17 195-5 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 W Z Jf 55 9 8 9 byfii M MM Sept, 25, 1934. o. ROBERG 1,974,752

CONCRETE MOLD OONSTRUCT I ON Filed Aug. 1'7, 1935 ZSheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 25, 1934 UNITED STATES.

PA OFCE.

,My invention relates to detachable forms for use in concrete Wall construction.

A purpose of my invention is to construct an adjustable and detachable mold or form for use i 5. in building concrete walls in which the parts of the mold. structure are fastened together by wedges. v

A further purpose is to provide an adjustable bay formfor concrete construction in which the '10. bay former portion is overlapped at its sides in order that the form can be applied to different sizes of stationary structure.

. A further purpose is to secure overlapping sides.

of arch orbay forming sheets in a desired posi- X tion with respect to a stationary structure by the use of. Wedges.

A further purpose is to provide outer and inner bay forming sheets, supported against longitudinally disposed battens by means of angles and 2c; angle irons using wedges to hold the sheets and irons together to construct a mold.

, A furtherpurpose isuto provide an apertured projection from a bay sheet that will extend through a slot in a cooperating bay sheet, and. to

1 insert a wedge through the aperture in the projection to hold the partstogether to construct a. mold.

A further purpose is to provide a central support for concrete-moldswhich includes a T shaped iron attached to a bay sheet, ,U shaped irons placed about longitudinally disposed battens, wedge errtensions on the U shaped irons that cooperate with one another; an apertured. lug from one extension that isinserted through. an opening in the adja- .35" cent extension. and a wedge inserted into the aperture of the lug to hold the parts together along with abolt inserted through the U shaped irons and longitudinal. battens.

A further purpose is to provide an adjustable mold construction that can be. fastened to a permanent structure of a building operation in which heavier permanent structure is used at one point of fastening. ofthe mold and lighter permanent structure is used at the other point of fasteningof the mold.

A further purpose is to make the bay sheet or plate of a mold adjustable at its sides and to make the ribs, which determine the curvature of the bay" sheet, adjustable'between the sides and preferably the'middle, so that adjustment of" the ribs will have a minimum influence onthe curvature of the bay sheet.

In building concrete walls it is necessary on some operations to provide longitudinal spaced metal I-beamssecured toend or side walls or to upper. and lower. iloor'structure. A form is fast'ened adjacent these I-beams. and concrete is poured into the space adjacent the mold andabout. the I-beams. After proper drying the formis removed and the concrete becomesset. I Litt- I have. found in constructing walls and particularly walls for subway construction, that diner-21 ent sizesof I'-beams are needed, due of course toi the diiTerent stresses occurring: at various places. along the length of the subway operation; For h" instance, if the distance between the ground and the street surface is greater in one. place than itis in another, added strengthiintthe' form-of alarger I-beam must be provided, to takecare; of the added stress occurringat this place. Again, if the subway is under a crossstreet'iwhere stresses are greater, it is also necessary to provide heavier I-beams. i

In some locations, thicker walls are formed. about the heavier I-beams, according to: the cons 1'5 ditions-present attthe particular place where the walls are to be built.

For instance, in building the South Broad Street subway in Philadelphia, Pa, construction of which. has'continued for twenty=five cityblocks, many so different conditions were present, such for example as soft and hard earth, rock or damp earth, and-in many places water was present.

Where water and'soft earth are present it is necessary to form a thicker wall and it is inthese 35- places that larger I-beams are. used, in order to avoid the possibility of caving in of the ground about the structure If the-earth be hard or rocky, it is not necessary to use the larger or heavier I-beams, asfirmness a of the ground due to'the hardness of the earth. will support the wall.

With the above condition in mind, my inventionis intended to provide a mold" form that can be used for application to different sizes of I- beams, such as 6, '8, 10, 12 or 14 inches;

By adjusting it, my mold can be applied to a small (6") r-beam'on its one side and large (12) I-beam on its other side.

I make the adjustmentfof my mold possibleby thefuse of curved or bay sheets of metal that are placed between the longitudinal I-beams.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectionaLtop plan view of my improved mold construction in place against I-. beams of apermanent structure, the view being, taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 2.

Figure 1a is a perspective View of ahook used in. the construction seen in Figure l. M71104 Figure 2 is a fragmentary elevation of structure seen in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary view, similar to a portion of Figure l, but showing a smaller Lbeam, with my mold adjusted for use against the I- beam.

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 44 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional top plan view taken on the line 55 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a reduced scale sectional top plan view similar to Figure 1, but illustrating a smaller I-beam at one side than at the opposite side.

Figure '7 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view illustrating adjustable means for holding parts of the superstructure of my mold at the front of the mold.

Figure 7a is a perspective View showing a modified detail of structure of Figure '7.

Figure 8 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view illustrating adjustable means for holding parts of the superstructure of my mold at the center of the rear portion of the mold.

Figure 8a is a View similar to Figure 8, but showing a modification and on a reduced scale.

Figure 9 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view illustrating adjustable means for holding parts of the superstructure of my mold at the rear of the mold and between the center of the mold and the sides thereof.

Figure 10 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view illustrating adjustable means for clamping inner and outer sheL s of my mold structure together near the sides of the mold.

Figure 11 is a detail perspective view showing parts of Figure 10 more clearly.

While my structure might be used in horizontal position, I much prefer to use it in vertical position, and have particularly adapted it for this intended use.

In Figures 1 and 2, I have preferred to illustrate my mold construction 15 as applied to a concrete wall 16 having a bay formation 17 located between I- beams 18 and 19. The I-beams l8 and 19 in Figures 1 and 2 are large size I-beams and I have preferred to illustrate in these figures I-beams of the same size on each side of the bay portion.

In placing my form 15 in the position of use, I find it desirable to employ vertically positioned battens 20 and 21 at the front of the wall and flush with the facing surfaces of the I-beams l3 and 19. The battens 20 and 21 are spaced from one another and extend upwardly between the ground or floor adjacent the wall upwardly to the under surface of the street or ceiling structure. I have not illustrated the floor or ceiling, as it is not pertinent to my invention.

The form 15 is made of a central curved bay plate 22 and side bay plates 23 and 24. The ends of the central bay plate 22 overlap the side plates 23 and 24 and are tapered at 22'. The side plates 23 and 24 are slidinglyadjustable with respect to the central bay plate 22 as hereinafter described.

Located in the center of the bay plate 22 and spaced'from one another are longitudinal battens This T-member extends the battens 28, 29, 30 and 31. The battens 28 and 29 act as vertical supports for the inner extensions of the side plates 23 and 24. The battens 30 and 31 are used to add additional strength along the vertical line of the bay plate 22 and, like the other battens, extend from the floor to the ceiling.

At the front ends of the form adjacent the I- beams 13 and 19, the side bay plates 23 and 24 are flush with the facing surface of the I-beams excepting at intervals where the bay plate sides are notched at 32 and the metal ears 33 from the notched portions are bent about vertical battens 34 and 35. The battens 34 and 35 have their outer surfaces flush with the outer surfaces of the I-beams and the battens 20 and 21. The battens 34 and 35 are positioned to engage one side of the side bay plates 23 and 24 and the other side of the side bay plates will engage the flanges 36 of the I-beams.

Any number of reinforcing ribs 37 are arranged in vertical tiers between the floor and ceiling. The reinforcing ribs 37 are notched at 38 to fit about the numerous battens employed in my mold construction.

Angle irons 39 and 40 are spaced at intervals above and below each of the reinforcing ribs. Between the angle irons 39 and 40, I insert a hook clamp 41 that has a hook end 42 and is apertured at 43. The hook end 42 is inserted into one of the notches formed at 32 in the side bay plates 23 and 24 to engage about the flange 36 of the Lbeam. When the ends of the hooks 42 are in place behind the flanges 36 of the I-beams, wedges 44 are driven into the apertures 43 against the flanges 45 of the horizontal angle irons to secure the angle irons place against the outer faces of the I-beams and in contact with the battens 20, 21, 34 and 35.

At the inner ends of the bay between the battens 34 and 28, and 35 and 29, respectively, I provide slots 46 in the side bay plates 23 and 24.

Fastened by welding to the central bay plate 22 are Wedge-receiving lugs 47 apertured at 48 to receive wedges 49.

Angle irons 50 and 51, 50 and 51, 50 and 51 are secured by welding to the side bay plates 23 and 24, with the horizontally extending flanges arranged flush with the slot in the side bay plates 23 and 24. A channel member 52 has its flange ends inserted above and below flanges of the an gle irons 50 and 51, 50' and 51 and 50 and 51 The channel member 52 is apertured at 53 to pass about the wedge-receiving lug 47 and the wedge 49 is then placed in the aperture 48 to hold the inner and outer bay plates in any desired position.

By the construction described above, it will be noted that the lug 4'7, being fastened to the bay plate 22, will permit the passage of the side bay plate 23 or 24 about the lug 47, to bring the side bay plates into different positions at the sides of the bay structure to accommodate my mold to different sizes of I-beams of a permanent structure.

After the side bay plates have been moved to any desired position with relation to the bay plate 22, the wedges 49 are then driven into the apertures 48 in the lugs 47 to engage the channels 52 which in turn engage the flanges of the angle irons that are fastened to the side bay plates.

1616 are side bay plates on each side of the mold structure, and with the exception of identifying them as side bay plates 23 and 24, I have given them the identical reference characters, as the construction of one side of the mold is the same as that of the other side.

It will be evident that the above described construction provides a convenient meansof fatstening the side bayplates to the central bay plate and one that allows su-l licient resiliency'and bending of the metal of the side bay pl-ates, because of the use of three sets of short: angle irons and 51,50 and 51 and 50 and 51 which will permit bending at two points across. the length spanned by the three sets ofangle irons. If a single angle iron of a length equivalent to. the three angle irons/were used,'bending of the side bay plate 23 would cause the plate 23 to impinge against a portion 'of the central bay plate 22 and cause distortion of the bay former. An other objection to a full length angle iron is that the bay plate 23 would bind against the central bay plate 22, thereby causing difiiculty in moving the side bay plates with respect to the central bay plate 22. i 7

At the centerof the mold adjacent the front thereof and partly surrounding the battens 2'1) and 21 are cooperating wedge members 54 and.

55. The members 54 and 55 engage the battens 20 and 21 at the sides 56 and 57 and at the end 58' of each batten. The wedge member 54 has an inwardly extending arm 59 with a wedge surface 60 that engages a cooperating surface 61, extending laterally from the wedge member 55.

Projecting from the wedge extension 59 is 2. lug 62 which passes through a slot 63 'of the arm 61. A wedge 64 is driven into an aperture 65 in the lug 62 to hold the cooperating wedge members in place with respect toone another, and. thereby position the battens 20 and 21 at the desired. spaced relation with respect to the mold. I

It wil be noted that the use of my cooperating wedge members provides an efficient and sure spacing arrangement for thebattens and at the same time a convenient way of locking the battens in any desired vertical position. The battens 20 and 21, as stated before, have their ends secured to a permanent, structure at the base of the mold and to a-permanent structure at the top of the mold. The ribs 37 also act as spacers to keep the battens in a desired position with respect to. the cooperating wedge members 54 and 55. v

In Figure 7a, I have illustrated a modification in which the inner extension 59 or" one of the cooperating lug members 54 has been omitted. Ifind this construction to be desirable when it is not necessary to space the supporting battens at such a great distance. The form of Figure 7a will be used when a short spacing is desired between the battens 20 and 21. The form ot Figure 7, however, will be employed whengreater spacing of the battens is required.

The form of Figure 7a is otherwise identical tothestructure of Figure, 7 with the exception that the lateral extension 59 has been omitted. I have accordingly given the parts of this figure the same reference characters as those of Figure 7, with the extension 59 omittedi,

The location of the cooperating wedge members 54 and 55 is immaterial: and will be detei mined by the number of such wedge members i used, as they may be at; any desired location throughout the length of the mold structure. I

have. preferred to show in Figure 2 one set of these cooperating wedges located directly above the flange 45 of one of the angle irons 3.9.

At the center of the bay, I have welded a T-bar 27 which provides additional strength to the central bay plate.

Distributed through the length of the mold structure and preferably located intermediate each set of angle irons, are cooperating wedge members 67 and 68 having rearwardly projecting ends 69., 70, '71 and 72. A recess. is provided in the extended arms 69 and 70 which project rearwardiy tofit about longitudinally disposed battens 25. 'I'hereoess provided in theextensions 71 and 72 adapts the wedge member 68 to placement about the longitudinal batten 26. Apertures 73 and 74 are provided in the wedge members, anapert'ure 66 in the flange of the T-bar, an aperture 25 in the longitudinal batten 2.5 and an aperture 26' in whose face 81 makes wedge engagement with the wedge face .77 of the arm 76 of the cooperatin wedge member 67.

.After the lug 78 has been extended through the slot 79"in the arm 80, an individual wedge 82 is driven into an aperture 83 in the lug 78. The slot 79 will allow adjustment of the lug 78 and wedge face 77 with respect to the face 31 of the 80 and thereby allow for the centering of the battens 25 and 26. After the battens 25 and 26 have been properly centered, the wedge 82 will be driveninto the slot 83 and the face 82 of the wedge will engage the sides 80 of the arm 80 to bind the surfaces 77 and 81 together and thereby hold the adjustable wedge members in whatever position may be desired.

. It will be noted that the form of Figure 8 pro-- vides a desirable centering arrangement of the battens 25and 26 with respect to the central bay plate 22 and at the same time provides additional support to the battens to hold them in a desired position and to space than from one another.

In Figure Set I have illustrated a modification of the structure of Figure 8 in which I have omitted the extending wedge face 77. In this figure the wedge engaging faces are contained in the space represented by the width of the batten engaging arms'69 and 7G.

'Ihc form of Figures 8a has been found preferable when it is desired to space the battens 25'and 26 closer together than those representedin Figure 8. In all other respects the construction of Figure 8a is identical with that of Figure 8 and have therefore given it the same reference charact 'ers as thoseoffFigure 8; V l The constructionofFigure 8 is intended to be applied to a curved concrete surface in which a bay plate is used and in which the supporting battens such as those represented at 25 and 26 are in spaced relation at considerable distance from one another.

In Figure 9; I have shown an enlarged view to The opposite ends 86 of the U-brackets are fastened to a channel iron 87 by bolts 88 that project through the channel iron and through the ends 86 of the U-brackets.

The longitudinal channel iron 87 extends from one U-bracket to the other and is provided with a slot 89 through which projects a lug 90 fastened to a channel 91 which has its ends 92 and 93 embracing the batten 30. The face 94 of the channel 91 engages flanges 95 of the channel 87. An individual wedge member 96 is inserted into an aper ture 9'? in the lug 90 and the face 98 of the wedge 96 engages against the channel iron 87 to hold the channel 91 firmly in contact with the batten 30. I have preferred to aperture the individual wedges at 99 for the reception of chains 100 which may conveniently be attached to any one of the batten members at 101 in order that the individual wedges will not become separated from the mold proper.

The lateral adjustment of the battens 30 corroots for any lack of straightness of the wooden battens.

I ordinarily find it preferable to assemble the battens for the right or the left side of one bay against the ribs 37, as for example by nails or screws through the battens into the ribs. I then attach the metal parts to the battens and apply the central bay plate 22 and the side bay plates 23 and 24. The left hand side of the bay form then comprises one unitary structure and the right hand side comprises another unitary structure, adjustable with respect to the left hand side. The battens and ribs of the left hand side are ordinarily rigid, and the same is true of the battens and ribs of the right hand side.

In case of adjustment of the form to fit a different spacing between the centers of the I-beams of the permanent structure or to fit different sizes of I-bearns, the ribs and battens of the left hand side will be adjusted relatively to the ribs and battens of the right hand side by loosening the wedges 49, 64, 82 and 96, moving the battens to the left hand side toward or away from those of the right hand side, and resetting the wedges. While the wedges 49 are loosened, the side bay plates will also be adjusted with respect to the central bay plate.

The erection of the bay form after the adjustment of the side bay plates and of the left and right hand sets of battens has been accomplished, is a relatively simple matter. The form is merely placed in the desired position, the hooks 41 are inserted through the recess 32, the angle irons 39 and 40 are erected and the wedges 4 are driven home to engage the hooks against the angle irons. It will be understood that the angle irons 39 and 40 will extend for several bays, frequently for three or four bays.

When the bay form is set in place between the I-beams, the form may be fastened to the batten- s 20 and 21 at any desirable place along the length of the battens by apertured hooks 102 into which wedges 103 are driven thereby holding the bay form in position against the permanent structure.

I believe that I am the first to provide an adjustable bay plate structure by which an arcuate surface can be molded in connection with a permanent structure at its ends in which one permanent structure is of smaller size than the other.

In view of my invention and disclosure variations and modifications to meet individual whim or particular need will doubtless become evident to others skilled in the art, to obtain part or all of the benefits of my invention without copying the structure shown, and I, therefore, claim all such in so far as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a bay form, a central curved bay plate, a side bay plate overlapping the central bay plate, wedge means for adjustably securing the side bay plate to the central bay plate, a plurality of battens extending longitudinally of the bay plates and bracing them, means for securing the battens to the bay plates, means for adjusting the battens with respect to the bay plates and means for securing the form to permanent structure.

2. In a bay form, a curved bay plate made up of a plurality of units, means for adjusting the arcuate length of the bay plate, supporting structure extending longitudinally of the form for the left hand side of the bay plate, supporting structure extending longitudinally of the mold for the right hand structure of the bay plate, means for adjustably securing the supporting structure for the right and left portions of the bay plate to the bay plate and means for laterally adjusting the distance of the supporting structure for the right hand. portion of the bay plate from the supporting structure for the left hand portion of the bay plate.

3. In a bay form, a central curved bay plate, a pair of side bay plates, one overlapping the central bay plate on each side, wedge means for adjustably securing the side bay plates to the central bay plate, a plurality of battens following the inner contour of the bay plates, wedge means for adjustably securing the battens tothe bay plates, means for laterally supporting the battens from one another, members running laterally across the bay between adjoining parts of permanent structure, hooks engaging the permanent structure and wedge means securing the hooks to the lateral extending members.

4. In a bay form, a bay plate, an angle welded to the bay plate, a pair of battens, one on either side of the angle, a pair of cooperating members secured to the battens and overlapping one another, there being a slot in one of said members,

a lug on the other of said members projecting through the slot and having an opening, a wedge passing through the opening to lock the two men bers together at a chosen position and a bolt extending through the battens and through the angle.

5. In a bay form, a pair of spaced battens, cooperating members,. one secured to each batten and having overlapping portions, one of which has a tapered engaging face, walls forming a slot in one of the overlapping portions, a lug secured to the other overlapping portion and extending through the slot, there being an opening in the lug, and a wedge passing through the opening, whereby the members may be positioned to hold the battens at any spacing to one another by 5.4..

virtue of the taper of said overlapping portion.

6. In a bay form, a bay plate, a plurality of spaced brackets secured to the inside of the bay plate, a slotted bay bar extending between and secured to the brackets, a batten, 2. lug secured 1'

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