US1973911A - Electrode for therapeutic devices - Google Patents
Electrode for therapeutic devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1973911A US1973911A US695562A US69556233A US1973911A US 1973911 A US1973911 A US 1973911A US 695562 A US695562 A US 695562A US 69556233 A US69556233 A US 69556233A US 1973911 A US1973911 A US 1973911A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- sheet
- conductive
- adhesive
- therapeutic devices
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 title description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- QFSNCROGCLRZHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropoxyboronic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)COB(O)O QFSNCROGCLRZHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013673 Kodapak Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000003114 Salix fragilis Species 0.000 description 1
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 glycerol compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000075 skin burn Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/06—Electrodes for high-frequency therapy
Definitions
- This invention relates to electrodes for use in therapeutic devices; specifically for use in connection with the application of high frequency currents to the body.
- An object is to provide such an electrode which is' highly flexible and adaptable for use with any part of the body.
- Another object of the invention is to provide such an electrode at a very low cost so that it may be destroyed after a single use or application.
- a further object of the invention is to provide such an electrode which is light in weight and which has an adhesive surface so that it may be used with comfort by the patient.
- Figure 1 shows an electrode; partly cut away in section and Figure 2 is an end view of Figure 1.
- electrodes generally composed of lead sheet or foil which has been bent or formed into shape. In many uses, these electrodes have not been sufficiently flexible or adaptable for the specific purposes required. Furthermore,
- a flexible and plastic electrode composed of a non-fibrous cellulose sheet which has been rendered highly conductive by plasticization and impregnation with a conductive material such as glycol, glycerol or glycol borate and then rendered adhesive by the addition of a mucilaginous material, that a light weight and universally applicable electrode can be made, capable of allowing the application without skin burns, of currents of greater magnitude than heretofore possible.
- a very thin tin foil sheet is cemented on one side of the conductive cellulose sheet.
- the flexible sheet material used is preferably a non-fibrous regenerated cellulose such as is popularly designated cellophane although other materials such as Kodapak or Protectoid (cellulose acetate sheets), sheet gelatin or porous membranes may be used in combination with proper plasticizing conductive and adhesive compounds.
- cellophane a non-fibrous regenerated cellulose
- other materials such as Kodapak or Protectoid (cellulose acetate sheets), sheet gelatin or porous membranes may be used in combination with proper plasticizing conductive and adhesive compounds.
- the practically non-porous cellophane has given the best results to date.
- the cellophane is preferably plasticized by immersion in an aqueous glycol or glycerol compound. It is then passed through and impregnated with a heated conductive compound such as glycol or glycerol borate with which is combined an adhesive such as water soluble glue, gum arabic, gelatin or other mucilaginous material. Additional adhesive may be brushed on after impregnation in which event it combines with the impregnated cellophane and itself becomes conductive.
- a heated conductive compound such as glycol or glycerol borate
- an adhesive such as water soluble glue, gum arabic, gelatin or other mucilaginous material. Additional adhesive may be brushed on after impregnation in which event it combines with the impregnated cellophane and itself becomes conductive.
- glycol or glycerol borates are preferred as the active conductive materials because of their low vapor pressure and because of their hygroscopic character which tends to maintain the cellulose in plastic conductive condition; however, other compounds such as the chlorides, phosphates, etc., may be substituted.
- this flexible conductive cellophane sheet is then cemented a very thin metal foil, preferably tinfoil of a thickness of approximately 0.00025".
- the cellophane itself is preferably about 0.001 thick, and its adhesive surface affords a good cement for the foil.
- This combination of conductive plastic mate-' rial and adhesive allows the electrode to be placed on any part of the body and affords an intimate contact with the skin, thus allowing a minimum contact resistance drop and maximum distribution of current over the entire contacting area.
- the adhesive character of the material is such that the electrode weight is easily sustained and intimate contact during treatment is obtained without the use of binding straps or other commonly used accessories.
- tin foil (1) is cemented on impregnated plasticized cellophane (2) the adhesive surface of which (3) makes contact with the body of the patient (not shown).
- a flexible surface electrode for therapeutic purposes comprising an electrically conductive non-fibrous organic sheet plasticized with a ma-' terial chosen from the glycol and glycerol compounds, said sheet being adapted to be directly applied to the human body, and a metal backing conductively cemented on said sheet.
- a flexible surface electrode for therapeutic purposes comprising an electrically conductive non-fibrous organic sheet plasticized with a material chosen from the glycol and glycerol borate compounds, said sheet being adapted to be directly applied to the human body, and a metal backing cemented on said sheet.
- said sheet being adapted to be directly applied to the human body, and a metal backing conduct-ively cemented on said sheet.
- a flexible electrode for therapeutic purposes comprising an electrolyte impregnated membrane sheet material having a metal foil backing conductively cemented to one surface thereof and having on its other surface a water soluble mucilaginous adhesive adapted to be directly applied to the human body.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Description
Sept. 18, 1934' s. RUBEN 1,973,911
ELECTRODE FOR THERAPEUTIC DEVICES Filed 001;. 28 1933 IN VENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 18, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.
This invention relates to electrodes for use in therapeutic devices; specifically for use in connection with the application of high frequency currents to the body.
An object is to provide such an electrode which is' highly flexible and adaptable for use with any part of the body.
Another object of the invention is to provide such an electrode at a very low cost so that it may be destroyed after a single use or application.
A further object of the invention is to provide such an electrode which is light in weight and which has an adhesive surface so that it may be used with comfort by the patient.
Other objects will be apparent from the disclosure and from the drawing in which Figure 1 shows an electrode; partly cut away in section and Figure 2 is an end view of Figure 1.
Heretofore, there have been used for such applications, electrodes generally composed of lead sheet or foil which has been bent or formed into shape. In many uses, these electrodes have not been sufficiently flexible or adaptable for the specific purposes required. Furthermore,
these electrodes have been limited in the maximum current applicable, due i localized contact and contact resistance.
I have found that by utilizing a flexible and plastic electrode composed of a non-fibrous cellulose sheet which has been rendered highly conductive by plasticization and impregnation with a conductive material such as glycol, glycerol or glycol borate and then rendered adhesive by the addition of a mucilaginous material, that a light weight and universally applicable electrode can be made, capable of allowing the application without skin burns, of currents of greater magnitude than heretofore possible.
In order tohave .minimum internal electrode resistance and to more uniformly distribute the applied current over the entire electrode area, a very thin tin foil sheet is cemented on one side of the conductive cellulose sheet.
The flexible sheet material used is preferably a non-fibrous regenerated cellulose such as is popularly designated cellophane although other materials such as Kodapak or Protectoid (cellulose acetate sheets), sheet gelatin or porous membranes may be used in combination with proper plasticizing conductive and adhesive compounds. The practically non-porous cellophane, however, has given the best results to date.
In the preparation of the material, the cellophane" is preferably plasticized by immersion in an aqueous glycol or glycerol compound. It is then passed through and impregnated with a heated conductive compound such as glycol or glycerol borate with which is combined an adhesive such as water soluble glue, gum arabic, gelatin or other mucilaginous material. Additional adhesive may be brushed on after impregnation in which event it combines with the impregnated cellophane and itself becomes conductive.
The glycol or glycerol borates are preferred as the active conductive materials because of their low vapor pressure and because of their hygroscopic character which tends to maintain the cellulose in plastic conductive condition; however, other compounds such as the chlorides, phosphates, etc., may be substituted.
On one side of this flexible conductive cellophane sheet is then cemented a very thin metal foil, preferably tinfoil of a thickness of approximately 0.00025". The cellophane itself is preferably about 0.001 thick, and its adhesive surface affords a good cement for the foil.
This combination of conductive plastic mate-' rial and adhesive, allows the electrode to be placed on any part of the body and affords an intimate contact with the skin, thus allowing a minimum contact resistance drop and maximum distribution of current over the entire contacting area. The adhesive character of the material is such that the electrode weight is easily sustained and intimate contact during treatment is obtained without the use of binding straps or other commonly used accessories.
In Figure 1 of the drawing, tin foil (1) is cemented on impregnated plasticized cellophane (2) the adhesive surface of which (3) makes contact with the body of the patient (not shown).
In Figure 2, like numbers indicate like parts.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1. A flexible surface electrode for therapeutic purposes comprising an electrically conductive non-fibrous organic sheet plasticized with a ma-' terial chosen from the glycol and glycerol compounds, said sheet being adapted to be directly applied to the human body, and a metal backing conductively cemented on said sheet.
2. A flexible surface electrode for therapeutic purposes comprising an electrically conductive non-fibrous organic sheet plasticized with a material chosen from the glycol and glycerol borate compounds, said sheet being adapted to be directly applied to the human body, and a metal backing cemented on said sheet.
pounds, said sheet being adapted to be directly applied to the human body, and a metal backing conduct-ively cemented on said sheet.
5. A flexible electrode for therapeutic purposes comprising an electrolyte impregnated membrane sheet material having a metal foil backing conductively cemented to one surface thereof and having on its other surface a water soluble mucilaginous adhesive adapted to be directly applied to the human body.
SAMUEL RUBEN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US695562A US1973911A (en) | 1933-10-28 | 1933-10-28 | Electrode for therapeutic devices |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US695562A US1973911A (en) | 1933-10-28 | 1933-10-28 | Electrode for therapeutic devices |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1973911A true US1973911A (en) | 1934-09-18 |
Family
ID=24793515
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US695562A Expired - Lifetime US1973911A (en) | 1933-10-28 | 1933-10-28 | Electrode for therapeutic devices |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1973911A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1016858B (en) * | 1954-12-10 | 1957-10-03 | Chemotenex Geraetebau G M B H | A tub made of synthetic resin compound provided with inserts for medical baths |
| US3720209A (en) * | 1968-03-11 | 1973-03-13 | Medical Plastics Inc | Plate electrode |
| US4317457A (en) * | 1978-03-28 | 1982-03-02 | Jacqueline Guillot | Electroconducting cast forming a cutaneous electrode for applying electrical currents to the human body for therapeutic or aesthetic treatment and method of using such electroconducting cast |
| US4543958A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1985-10-01 | Ndm Corporation | Medical electrode assembly |
| US4584962A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1986-04-29 | Ndm Corporation | Medical electrodes and dispensing conditioner therefor |
| US4590089A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1986-05-20 | Ndm Corporation | Medical electrodes and dispensing conditioner therefor |
| US4674511A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1987-06-23 | American Hospital Supply Corporation | Medical electrode |
| US4838273A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1989-06-13 | Baxter International Inc. | Medical electrode |
| US4866231A (en) * | 1988-04-01 | 1989-09-12 | Schneider David R | Microwave chamber for heating biological matter |
| US5782874A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1998-07-21 | Loos; Hendricus G. | Method and apparatus for manipulating nervous systems |
| US6081744A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 2000-06-27 | Loos; Hendricus G. | Electric fringe field generator for manipulating nervous systems |
| US6167304A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 2000-12-26 | Loos; Hendricus G. | Pulse variability in electric field manipulation of nervous systems |
| US20110106226A1 (en) * | 2008-01-27 | 2011-05-05 | Andras Szasz | Flexible and porous large-area electrode for heating |
-
1933
- 1933-10-28 US US695562A patent/US1973911A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1016858B (en) * | 1954-12-10 | 1957-10-03 | Chemotenex Geraetebau G M B H | A tub made of synthetic resin compound provided with inserts for medical baths |
| US3720209A (en) * | 1968-03-11 | 1973-03-13 | Medical Plastics Inc | Plate electrode |
| US4317457A (en) * | 1978-03-28 | 1982-03-02 | Jacqueline Guillot | Electroconducting cast forming a cutaneous electrode for applying electrical currents to the human body for therapeutic or aesthetic treatment and method of using such electroconducting cast |
| US4543958A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1985-10-01 | Ndm Corporation | Medical electrode assembly |
| US4584962A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1986-04-29 | Ndm Corporation | Medical electrodes and dispensing conditioner therefor |
| US4590089A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1986-05-20 | Ndm Corporation | Medical electrodes and dispensing conditioner therefor |
| US4674511A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1987-06-23 | American Hospital Supply Corporation | Medical electrode |
| US4838273A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1989-06-13 | Baxter International Inc. | Medical electrode |
| US4866231A (en) * | 1988-04-01 | 1989-09-12 | Schneider David R | Microwave chamber for heating biological matter |
| US5782874A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1998-07-21 | Loos; Hendricus G. | Method and apparatus for manipulating nervous systems |
| US6081744A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 2000-06-27 | Loos; Hendricus G. | Electric fringe field generator for manipulating nervous systems |
| US6167304A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 2000-12-26 | Loos; Hendricus G. | Pulse variability in electric field manipulation of nervous systems |
| US20110106226A1 (en) * | 2008-01-27 | 2011-05-05 | Andras Szasz | Flexible and porous large-area electrode for heating |
| US9636495B2 (en) * | 2008-01-27 | 2017-05-02 | Oncother Kft. | Flexible and porous large-area electrode for heating |
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