US1969012A

US1969012A - Lock

Info

Publication number: US1969012A
Application number: US669858A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edward N Jacobi
Original assignee: Briggs and Stratton Corp
Current assignee: Briggs and Stratton Corp
Priority date: 1933-05-08
Filing date: 1933-05-08
Publication date: 1934-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 1951-08-07

Description

E. N. JACOB! Aug. 7, 1934.

LOCK

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 8, 1935 ww l/ Aug 7, 1934- E. N; JAcoB-l 1,969,012

LOCK

Filed May 8, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Aug. 7, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT oFF-ICE LOCK Edward N. Jacobi, Milwaukee, Wis., aignor to Briggs & Stratton Corporation, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Delaware Application@ s, 193s, serai Ne. ssass :somma (c1. 'zo-4s) lo a lock of the character described in which the and are practically independent of the casing sov that a close vfit between the lock cylinder and the casing is obviated.

Another object of this. invention is to provide a tumbler lock having an auxiliary tumbler which can be retracted only after the other tumblers have been bodily shifted parallel to the major axis of the lock cylinder.

It is also an object of this invention to further increase the security 'of the lock by providing means for preventing bodily shifting of the main tumblers until all of said main tumblers are fully retracted.

A furtherL object of this invention is to provide a tumbler construction which will alford greater strength and having a wider engagement with the walls of the casing tumbler grooves.

Another object or this invention is to provide a lock of the character described wherein the so that delicate thin wall sections in the tumbler.

receiving chamber of the lock cylindervare entirely done away with.

And a further object of this invention is to provide a lock in which a. final inward pressure must be applied to the key to free the lock cylinder for rotation. j

With the above and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, my invention resides in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafterdescribed and more particularly decned by the appended claims, it being understood that such changes in' the precise embodiment of the hereindisclosed invention may be made as come within thescope of the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, I have illus- 50. trated one complete example of the physical em- Figure 11s e. top view of a. leek cylinder embodying this invention and received in a casing; Figure 2 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section taken on the plane of the line 2-2 of Fig.. 1;

Figure 3 is a cross section view taken through Fig. 2 on the plane of the line 3 3;

Figure 4 is a cross section view taken through Fig. 2 on the plane of the line 4.-4;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the entire tumbler unit. with its component parts sepa-l 5 rated: 1

Figure -6 is a cross section view 4similar to Fig. 3. but illustrating the key in position; Figure 7 is a front end viewof only the tumbler carrier and the stationary side plate showing the manner in which these two parts are slidably interlocked;

Figure 8 is a side view of the key;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the lock cylinder and the tumbler unit separated, but with the tumbler unit assembled and ready for insertion into the lock'cylinder;

Figure 10 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the key inserted and the main tumblersv retractedf and Figure 11 is a view similar to Fig. 10, but showing the key pushed in and the auxiliary tumbler retracted.

Referring now more particularly to the accompanying drawings in which like numerals indi' cate like parts throughout the several views, the numeral 5 represents a lock cylinder which is adapted' to be rotatably mounted in the bore 6 of a casing 7. An enlarged flange 8, formed on the outer end of the lock cylinder, is received in a counterbore 9 at the outer end o! the bore 6. It is observed that the lock cylinder has substantial clearance in the bore 6 throughout the major portion of its length and that only a small portion 10 directly adjacent the enlarged ilange 9 has a snug t in the bore. This comparatively large clearance is made possible without detracting from the security of the lock by reason of the novel construction of the tumbler unit indicated generally by the numeral 11.

The tumbler unit which will be defined in detail hereinafter, is inserted bodily into a tumbler receiving chamber 12. extending transversely through the lock cylinder. The chamber 12 is merely an open slot formed during lthe die-casting of the cylinder by a single core which is pulled from one side. As is customary, a keyway 13 extends inwardly from the front face of the cylinder to communicate with the chamber 12.

The tumbler unit 11 comprises a tumbler pack lll 14 including the five main tumblers 15, and an auxiliary tumbler 16 independent of the pack. The five main tumblers are held assembled by a carrier 17 stamped from sheet metal and having spaced

end walls

18 and 19 connected by a side wall 20. The end walls are of a width to extend across the width of the tumbler receiving chamber 12. The carrier for the pack is thus held against sidewise movement, but as the pack is shorter than the chamber 12, endwise movement thereof parallel to the major axis of the lock cylinder is permitted, for a purpose to be later described.

Each of the ve main tumblers has a recess cut into it from one side to form spaced

end portions

21 and 22 connected by an intermediate portion 23. The space between the

end portions

21 and 22 serves as a .recess to receive a key 24, and in dierent tumblers is differently located to make up the combination of the lock as determined by the hills and dales of the key.

At the side of each tumbler having the intermediate portion 23 is a projecting lug 25 which is slidably received in one of a plurality of slots 26 formed in the side wall 20. The slots 26 are longer than the projecting lugs 25 so that the individual tumblers have a limited longitudinal movement with respect to the carrier. The engagement of the lugs 25 in the slots 26 serves to guide the tumblers at one side.

Inasmuch as the lugs 25 do not project entirely through the side wall 20 of the carrier, it follows that the tumblers are held out of contact with the adjacent die-cast wall of the lock cylinder. The projecting lugs 25 occupy the same position in all of the tumblers so that all tumblers have an equal distance of longitudinal trave1.

As stated, the engagement of the lugs 25 in the slots 26 guides the tumblers and holds them properly spaced along one side edge. At their opposite sides the tumblers are guided and held properly spaced by longitudinal abutting ribs 27. 'Ihe ribs 27 are of such dimensions that the combined thicknesses of the tumblers at the ribs 27 spans the distance between the carrier end walls. Besides guiding the tumblers for individual longitudinal movement these ribs 27 also stiflen the tumblers. The strength of the tumblers is also increased by

spaced ribs

28 and 29 formed at the sides of round bottomed longitudinal grooves 30 in the opposite faces of the tumblers.

The round bottomed grooves 3G of adjacent tumblers co-act to form longitudinal guideways in which expansive springs 31 are received. At one end the springs 31 bear against. tangs 32 struck from the grooved portions of the tumblers and at their other ends they bear against spring stops 33 struck inwardly from one edge of the carrier side wall 20. The spring for each tumbler is at its front face so that the spring for the foremost tumbler is confined between the round bottomed groove in said foremost tumbler and the adjacent portion of the end wall 18. To accommodate this spring, the end Wall 18 has its upper portion offset, as at 34.

Obviously, the action of the springs 31 yieldably urges each individual tumbler to project its end portion 22 beyond the cylindrical surface of the lock cylinder and into locking engagement with one of two usual tumbler grooves 35 in the casing.

The open side of the carrier is closed by a side plate 36 which has an interlocking connection with the

end walls

18 and 19 of the carrier, but

when inserted into the chamber 12 of the lock cylinder, is held stationary while the carrier and the main tumblers positioned therein are movable as hereinbefore stated. This side plate 36 is stamped from sheet metal and has inwardly directed

flanges

37 and 38 at its opposite side edges. The ange 37 projects into the spaces between the

end portions

21 and 22 of the tumblers and forms a key guide and support adapted to enter a longitudinal groove 39 formed in one side of the key.

The other flange 38 of the side plate 36 has a plurality of notches cut into it to divide the same into a. series of comb teeth 40 which, when the carrier and the tumblers disposed therein are in their normal positions, lie between the adjacent side edges .of the tumblers to thus positively prevent bodily shifting of the tumbler pack. The end portions 41 and 42 of the flange 38 are engaged with the

carrier end walls

18 and 19 respectively in a manner now about to be described.

The end wall 18 of the carrier has lts medial portion cut away as at 43 to permit the passage of the key into engagement with the tumblers. This leaves spaced

arms

44 and 44 spaced apart a distance to snugly receive the adjacent end of the side plate. The other end wall 19 of the carrier isA also medially cut away, as at 45, leaving an overhanging arm 46 which is notched, as at 47, to receive the flange end portion 42. Relative motion between the side plate 36 and the carrier is thus restricted to the desired endwise shifting of the carrier.

With the side wall 36 properly assembled with the carrier, the entire assembly is inserted into the chamber l2 of the lock cylinder, the insertion being effected through one side of the chamber, which for convenience in description, may be considered the top. The side walls of the chamber 12 have

shoulders

48 and 49 to engage the bottom edges of the side wall 20 and the side plate 36, respectively, to limit the inward movement of the assembly into the chamber and properly locate the tumbler pack within the cylinder.

As best shown in Fig. 5, the side plate 36 has

projections

50 and 51 at its outer and inner ends,

respectively, and these projections are received in

suitable recesses

52 and 53,'respectively, at the ends of the chamber 12. The side wall 36 is thus rigidly held assembled with the lock cylinder, while the tumbler pack comprising the carrier and the five main tumblers, is shiftable endwise in the chamber 12.

An expansive spring 54 confined between the end wall 19 of the carrier and the end wall 55 of a recess 56 communicating with the inner edges received in transverse grooves 57 formed is cut away as at 60 to accommodate the spring 54.

The tumbler 16 is positively held in lts op.- erative projected position as long as the tumbler pack is in its normal position of endwise movement to which it is urged by the spring 54, by a cam or tail piece 61, projecting rearwardly from the carrier wall 19 and entering a central opening 62 in the tumbler 16. The cam 61 is preferably formed .by the metal struck from the wall 19 in the formation of the recess and has a fiat outer end 63 which engages the bottom wall of the opening y62 in its operative holding position. An inclined wall 64 leads upwardly from the end 63 to move the tumbler 16 to its operative position during forward endwise movement of the tumbler pack.

It is thus obvious that retraction of the tumble 16 out of locking engagement with the groovethe inter-engagement of the comb teeth 40 with the adjacent side edges of the tumblers. These side edges of the tumblers have notches 65 which, when aligned with the ilange 38 from which comb teeth 40 are out, releases the pack for endwise shifting to enablecomplete release of the lock cylinder. Endwise shifting of the tumbler pack is thus possible only when all of the primary4 tumblers are completely retracted.

Inward pressure on the key effects the desired shifting of the tumbler pack and for this purpose the key is provided with a shoulder 66 which engages the rib 27 of the foremost tumbler as best shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Inasmuch as the ribs 27 of the primary tumblers are in abutting relation, the force applied through the shoulder 66 is transmitted directly to all of the tumblers and to the carrier in which they are mounted.

When the key has been inserted suillciently far to retract all of the primary tumblers and to engage its shoulder 66 with the rib 27 of the foremost tumbler, the nose 67 of the key projects beyond the inner end of the carrier into the central opening 62 in the tumbler 16. The relative positions of the nose of the key and the tumbler 16 at this stage of the unlocking action are shown in Fig. 10. Upon endwise shifting of the tumbler pack by pressure on the key, the

yinclined edge of the nose 67 engages the top wall of the opening 62 in the tumbler and lifts the same to unlocked position.

Upon release of the inward pressure on the key, the spring 54 will immediately return the tumbler pack to its normal position, automatically moving the auxiliary tumbler 16 to its locked position through the medium of the cam 61.

From the foregoing description, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains, that to pick the lockof this invention, is extremely diilicult, if not impossible. The fact that the auxiliary tumbler is positively held in its locked position until the tumbler pack has been endwise and the necessity for the retraction of all of the primary tumblers comprising the pack before' such endwise shifting of the pack can take place. makes it practically impossible to pick the lock.

l Moreover, by reason of the fact that a singlew ember. namely. the side plate 36, serves to guide the key and also engages the tumblers to prevent endwise shifting of the pack, and the further fact that the engaging portions of the comb teeth and the tumblers have sharp acute corners. precludes the response of the lock to a key which differs, but slightly from the proper key.

The primary tumblers thus perform duel locking functions, the first being their normal locking engagement withthe casing tumbler grooves and the second being effected through their interengagement with the comb teeth of the vside plate It is also apparent that by reason of the wide edges of the tumblers,vwearing into the casing Agrooves is materially minimized and through the provision of the sheet metal linings afforded by the side wail 20 of the carrier and the side plate 36, wearing of the tumblers into their guides is reduced to a negligible minimum.

It is also evident that as all parts concerned with the security of the lock are self-contained in the cylinder assembly, the picking protection and the protection between changes does not depend upon a close lfit between thecylinder and its casing. Hence, a greater clearance is possible between the cylinder and its casing so that-sticking and corrosion due to excessive friction is entirely obviated.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a lock, a casing, a lock cylinder rotatable in the casing, a plurality of locking tumblers in the lock cylinder yieldably projected into engagement with the casing to restrain rotation of the lock cylinder, means to mount one of said locking tumblers for bodily movement axiall to the lock cylinder, said axially movable locking tumbler being retractable by the insertion of a proper key into the lock cylinder and the other locking tumbler being retractable upon bodily shifting of said first mentioned locking tumbler axially to thelock cylinder by continued inward pressure on the key.

2. In `a lock device including a lock cylinder, a plurality of locking tumblers, a carrier axially shiftable within the lock cylinder and holding the plurality of tumblersas an assembled pack, said tumblers being retractable by the insertion of a -proper key into the lock cylinder and being shiftplurality of tumblers as an assembled pack, said tumblers being retractable by the insertion of a proper key into the lock cylinder and being shiftable with their carrier upon inward movement of the key beyond that required to retract the tumblers, an auxiliary tumbler retractable into the body of the cylinder by said vadditional inward movement of the key, and means on said carrier to hold the auxiliary tumbler in an operative position when the carrier is in its normal tumblers therein being shiftable axially of the lock cylinder within'said chamber, means to yieldably urge the tumbler pack toward one position of axial movement, said tumblers being retractable by the insertion of a proper key into the lock cylinder, and the entire pack being shiftable against the urging means upon inward movement of the key beyond that required to retract the tumblers, an auxiliary tumbler, and a cam on the carrier engaging the auxiliary tumbler to hold the same in its operative extended position when the tumbler pack is in its normal position,

said auxiliary tumbler being retractable upon axial shifting of the tumbler pack by said additional inward movement of the key.

5. In a lock, a lock cylinder having a tumbler receiving chamber, a plurality of tumblers, a carrier for the tumblers to hold the same assembled as a unitary pack, said carrier with the tumblers therein being shiftable axially of the lock cylinder within said chamber, means to yieldably urge the tumbler pack toward one position of axial movement, said tumblers being retractable by the insertion of 'a proper key into the lock cylinder, and the entire pack being shiftable against the holding means upon inward movement of the key beyond that required to retract the tumblers, an auxiliary tumbler, a cam. on the carrier engaging the auxiliary tumbler to hold the same in its operative extended position when the tumbler pack is in its normal position, said auxiliary tumbler being retractable upon axial shifting of the tumbler pack by said additional inward movement of the key, and means to prevent axial shifting of the tumbler pack except when all of the tumblers comprising the pack are in their fully retracted positions.

6. In a lock, a lock cylinder having a tumbler receiving chamber, a tumbler pack in said chamber comprising, a plurality of tumblers and a carrier to hold said tumblers assembled, said tumbler pack being bodily shiftable axially of vthe lock cylinder, means to yieldably oppose axial shifting of the tumbler pack in one direction and to hold the pack in a normal position, means engageable with the tumblers when the -pack is in its normal position to prevent axial shifting of the pack except when `all of said tumblers are retracted, said tumblers being retractable by the insertion of a, proper key, and an auxiliary tumbler retractable by the axial shifting of the tumbler pack by said proper key.

7. In a lock, a lock cylinder having a tumbler receiving chamber, a tumbler pack comprising a plurality of tumblers and a. carrier holding the tumblers assembled, said tumbler pack being shiftable axially of the lock cylinder Within its tumbler receiving chamber, a member fixed with respect to the lock cylinder and having engagement with the individual tumblers to prevent axial shifting of the tumbler pack except when all of said tumblers are retracted, said tumblers being retractable by the insertion of a proper key into the lock cylinder to engage the tumblers, and the tumbler pack being axially shiftable by inward pressure on the key, and means on said fixed member to guide the key.

8. In a tumbler lock including a casing and a lock cylinder received therein, a plurality of tumblers carried by the lock cylinder and yieldably projected into locking engagement with the casing to hold the lock cylinder against rotation, said tumblers being retractable by a. proper key to free the lock cylinder for rotation, means to prevent retraction of one tumbler until another tumbler has been shifted bodily in a line parallel to the major axis of the lock cylinder, and means to prevent such bodily shifting of said other tumbler until it has been retracted.

9. In a tumbler lock including a casing and a lock cylinder received therein, a plurality of tumblers carried by the lock cylinder and yieldably projected into locking engagement with the casing to hold the lock cylinder against rotation, said tumblers being retractable by a proper key to free the lock cylinder for rotation, means connected with a first tumbler and engagcable with a second tumbler to hold said second tumbler against retraction until the rst tumbler and said means connected with it has been shifted axially with respect to the lock cylinder, and means to prevent such bodily shifting of said first tumbler and the means connected with it until said rst tumbler has been retracted.

10. In a tumbler lock including a casing and a lock cylinder received therein, a plurality o@ tumblers carried by the lock cylinder and yieldably projected into locking engagement with the casing to hold the lock cylinder against rotation, all of said tumblers being retractable into the body of the cylinder by a proper key to free the lock cylinder for rotation, and means requiring successive retraction and bodily fiatwise shifting of one tumbler to retract another tumbler.

l1. In a tumbler lock including a casing and a lock cylinder received therein, a plurality of tumblers carried by the lock cylinder and yieldably projected into locking engagement with the casing to hold the lock cylinder against rotation,

all of said tumblers being retractable into the body of the cylinder by a proper key to free the lock cylinder for rotation, means to hold some of said tumblers assembled as a unitary pack, and means requiring successive retraction of the tumblers comprising the pack and a bodily shifting of the pack axially to the lock cylinder to retract another of said tumblers.,

12. In a tumbler lock including a casing and a lock cylinder therein, said lock cylinder having a transverse tumbler receiving chamber, a tumbler pack mounted in said chamber so as to have bodily movement parallel to the major axis of the lock cylinder, said tumbler pack embodying a plurality of tumblers each individually spring pressed into locking engagement with the casing and all retractable by a proper key, an auxiliary tumbler separate from said pack, said auxiliary tumbler also being retractable into the body of the cylinder and a connection between the auxiliary tumbler and said pack whereby axial shifting of the pack is necessary to allow locking retraction of said auxiliary tumbler.

13. In a tumbler lock including a casing and a lock cylinder therein, said lock cylinder having a transverse tumbler receiving chamber, a tumbler pack mounted in said chamber so as to have bodily movement parallel to the major axis of the lock cylinder, said tumbler pack embodying a plurality of tumblers each individually spring pressed into locking engagement with the casing and all retractable by a proper key, an auxiliary tumbler separate from said pack, a connection between the auxiliary tumbler and said pack whereby axial shifting of the pack is necessary to allow locking and unlocking movement of the said auxiliary tumbler, and means restricting axial shifting of the pack until the tumblers of the pack have been retracted.

14. In a tumbler lock including a lock cylinder, a tumbler unit inserted bodily into an aperture against endwise shifting except when the tumblers are retracted by the insertion of a proper key.

26. In a key controlled tumbler lock', a lock cylinder having a tumbler receiving aperture, a plurality of tumblers in said aperture, a side plate disposed between one side of the tumblers and the adjacent wall of the tumbler receiving aperture, said tumblers being retractable to inoperative position by a proper key and being shiftable in unison for the purpose`set forth, means on said side plate and engaging the locking tumblers to prevent such shifting except when all of the tumblers are completely retracted by a proper key, and means on said side plate forming a guide and support for the key to insure a denite position of the key with respect to the means for preventing the shifting of the tumblers -so that only the proper key will free the locking tumblers for shifting. g

27. In a key controlled tumbler lock including a lock cylinder having a tumbler receiving aperture, a tumbler unit in said aperture including an auxiliary tumbler, and means requiring bodily shifting of the other tumblers towards the auxiliary tumbler to free the auxiliary tumbler for retraction, and a single member to restrain such shifting of said other tumblers except when said other tumblers are fully retracted and to support and guide the key required to effect complete retraction of said other tumblers.

28. In a key controlled tumbler lock including a lock cylinder having a tumbler receiving aperture, a tumbler unit in said aperture comprising a plurality of tumblers, the retraction of one of which requires bodily shifting of the other tumblers in av direction at an angle to the normal locking and unlocking movements of the tumblers, a member having comb teeth projected into the spaces between said shiftable tumblers to hold said tumblers against shifting, and said shiftable tumblers having notches to be aligned with said comb teeth upon retraction of said shiftable tumblers to inoperative positions by a proper key to free said shiftable tumblers forthe required shifting movement.

29. In a tumbler lock, a lock cylinder having transverse tumbler receiving recess, a tumbler mounted in said recess to be moved longitudinally to and from a position having one end projecting beyond the cylindrical wall of the cylinder and flatwise in a direction parallel with the axis of the cylinder during the unlocking of the lock, an abutment engageable with said tumbler to hold the same against atwise movement as long as the tumbler is in any position other than fully retracted within the body of the cylinder, and the tumbler having a notch to be aligned with said abutment upon retraction of the tumbler to an inoperative position within the cylinder to free the tumbler for atwise movement.

30. A tumbler for locks comprising, a substantially at plate having a large recess opening to one side edge to divide the tumbler into spaced end portions, connected by a medial portion and having a notch in one of its end portions, the recess being adapted to receive a key and the notch being adapted to permit the passage therethrough of a restraining abutment to free the tumbler for flatwise movement.

31. In a key controlled tumbler lock including a plurality of tumblers, each having a key receiving recess opening to one side and a notch in an unrecessed portion of the tumbler and opening to the same side at which the recess opens, a member disposed along said side 0f the limblers to which the recesses and notches open. a plurality of abutments ony said member engaging lthe tumblers to hold the same against atwise shifting, said abutments being passable through the notches in the tumblers when the tumblers are retracted to their inoperative positions by a proper key, and means on said member to guide and support the key to insure proper alignment of the notches with the abutments.

32. In a tumbler lock having a lock cylinder, a tumbler in said lock cylinder, a holding member engaged with the tumbler to prevent its retraction, said holding member being movable to free the tumbler for retraction, and key controlled means to prevent movement of the holding member.

33. In a tumbler lock including a lock cylinder having a tumbler receiving aperture, a tumbler in said aperture movable transversely of the lock cylinder to and from an operative position with one end projecting from the lock cylinder, a holding member in said aperture normally engaged with said tumbler to hold the same in its projected operative position, said holding member being movable toward the tumbler to free the tumbler for retraction from its operative position, and key controlled means to prevent such movement of the holding member.

34. In a tumbler lock including a lock cylinder having a tumbler receiving aperture, a'tumbler mounted in said aperture for transverse movement to and from an operative position projecting one end beyond the cylindrical wall of the lock cylinder, a member slidably mounted in the aperture for movement toward and away from said tumbler, means on said member engaging the tumbler to hold the same in its operative projected position, said member being movable by a proper key to free the tumbler for retraction from its operative position and said tumbler being engageable by the key to be retracted upon movement of said member by the key, and means to prevent movement of said member, said last named means being disabled by the key.

35. In a tumbler lock including a lock cylinder having a tumbler receiving aperture, an auxiliary tumbler mounted in said aperture for movement transversely to the axis of the lock cylinder to and from an operative projected position, a member slidably disposed in the aperture for movement toward and away from said auxiliary tumbler in a direction substantially parallel to the major axis of the lock cylinder, means carried by said member and engaging the auxiliary tumbler to hold the auxiliary tumbler in its operative projected position when said member is in one position of movement, movement of said member to another position releasing the auxiliary tumbler for retraction, and a plurality of primary tumblers connected with said member and operable in their normal positions to prevent movement of said member, said primary tumblers being retractable to free the member for movement by a proper key, and said member and auxiliary tumbler being respectively movable and retractable by said same key.

36. In a tumbler lock including a lock cylinder having a transverse aperture for the reception of tumblers, an auxiliary tumbler mounted in one end of the aperture for movement to and from an operative position projecting one end out of the aperture, a tumbler pack slidable in the aperture toward and away from said auxiliary tumbler and comprising a carrier having spaced end walls connected by a side wall and a plurality of primary tumblers assembled in said carrier, a cam projected from one end wall of the carrier to engage in an opening in the auxiliary tumbler and hold the auxiliary tumbler in its projected operative position when said carrier isl at one limit of movement and freeing the auxiliary tumbler for retraction upon movement out of said position, and means fixed with respect to the lock cylinder and engaged with the primary tumblers requiring complete retraction of said primary tumblers to free the carrier for such movement.

37. In a tumbler lock including a lock cylinder, an auxiliary tumbler transversely movable in said lock cylinder, a tumbler pack movable endwise in said lock cylinder toward and away from the auxiliary tumbler and comprising a carrier and a plurality of primary tumblers each individually yieldably projected to operative position, a connection between said auxiliary tumbler and the tumbler pack, whereby bodily endwise movement of the tumbler pack toward the auxiliary tumbler is necessary to free the auxiliary tumbler for retraction, and means to prevent endwise movement of the tumbler pack except when the primary tumblers comprising the pack are retracted, said primary tumblers being retractable by a proper key inserted therethrough to free the pack for movement, and the auxiliary tumbler being retractable by the nose of the key which projects from the tumbler pack into engagement with the auxiliary tumbler.

38. In a tumbler lock including a lock cylinder, an auxiliary tumbler mounted in the lock cylinder for transverse movement to and from an operative position projecting one end beyond the cylindrical surface of the lock cylinder, a tumbler pack movable endwise in the lock cylinder toward and away from said auxiliary tumbler and comprising a plurality of primary tumblers and a carrier to hold the primary tumblers assembled, means to yieldably urge the pack away from the auxiliary tumbler, a cam carried on said carrier and engaged with the auxiliary tumbler to move the auxiliary tumbler to its operative projected position upon movement of the pack under influence of the yieldable means and to hold the auxiliary tumbler in its operative projected position as long as the pack is in its normal position to which it is urged by the yieldable means, and means to lock the pack in said normal position to which it is moved by the yieldable means.

EDWARD N. JACOBI.