US1967212A

US1967212A - Bag makign machine

Info

Publication number: US1967212A
Application number: US637346A
Authority: US
Inventors: True M Avery
Original assignee: Union Bag and Paper Corp
Current assignee: Union Bag and Paper Corp
Priority date: 1932-10-11
Filing date: 1932-10-11
Publication date: 1934-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 1951-07-24

Description

July 24, 1934. T. M. AVERY BAG MAKING MACHINE Filed Oct. 11, 1332 7 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORN EY July 24, 1934. T. M. AVERY 1,967,212

BAG MAKING MACHINE Filed Oct. 11, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 24, 1934. T, M, AVERY 1,967,212

BAG MAKING MACHINE Filed Oct. 11, 1932 7 SheetsSheet 5 Q INVENTOR a ATTORNEY July 24, 1934. T. M. AVERY 1,967,212

BAG MAKING MACHINE} 7 Filed OCT. 11, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 52 INVENTOR ATTORNEY July 24, 1934. AVERY 1,967,212

BAG MAKING MACHINE Filed Oct. 11, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 W W W $59 2: m I A 24 i o: o 0 I6] @I o 5 z .172 i i Q II 0 t Z; 173 Z14 y I- -z/ 'Ti H 2a! 1 9 J lll' FD 70 7 INVENTOR 706 7' ATTORNEY July 24, 1934. T. M. AVERY BAG MAKING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Oct. 11, 1952 INVENTOR \W 6? m :\K ATTORNEY July 24, 1934. T M AVERY 1,967,212 I BAG MAKING MACHINE Filed Oct. 11, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOR flue? ATTORNEY Patented July 24, 1934 UNITED sTArEs PATENT orrlclz BAG MAKING MACHINE True M. Avery, Glens Falls, N. Y., assignor to Union Bag & Paper Corporation, Hudson Falls, N. Y., a corporation of New J ers'ey Application October 11,

Claims.

its longitudinal edges turned inwardly thereover and pasted together to form a tube which is subsequently cut into bag sections, ends of which are folded to form closed bottoms for the bags.

One of the objects of the present invention is 10' to provide means in or for a bag making machine of this class for punching apertures in the bag strip while it is travelling continuously into or through the machine and at appropriate intervals in its length to register substantially with the ends of thesevered bag sections which are to form the edges of the bag mouths, so that the apertures thus formed in each bag section will provide a thumb hole at the bag mouth in one side of the bag which exposes the opposite side of the bag and thus facilitates opening thereof for filling.

Another object is to provide means in a bag making machine for shearing off the ends of the bag sections which are to form the bag mouths while the bag tube advances continuously through the machine, whereby the finished bags will have smooth or uninterrupted edges around their mouths instead of the usual serrated edges formed by the usual cut-off device, thereby minimizing tendency of. the bags to tear or split from their top edges as in bags having the usual serrated cut-off, the present invention thus enabling bags to be made successfully from regenerated cellulose or other flexible transparent and easily tearable cellulose or other material. 1

Another object of the inventionis to provide such punching and shearing means in. a bag making machine in conjunction with means for actuating them in such timed relationship as to cause the punching means to punch the apertures in the bag strip substantially at the points where the bag tube is to be severed, to cause the cut-oi? means to sever the bag tube into bag sections at points which are adjacent to but do not intersect such apertures, and to cause the shearing means to trim or shear off the ends of the bag sections on transverse lines which intersect such apertures, thereby providing smooth or uninterrupted top edges to surround the mouths of the finished bags and locating the apertures in such smooth edges at the bag mouths, the invention being particularly applicable to the making of bags of regenerated cellulose or simi lar easily tearable material since the smooth edge surrounding the bag mouth will strongly resist 1932, Serial No. 637,346 (01. 9318) tearing or splitting thereof and the aperture in the top edge and surrounding the mouth of the bag will enable the sides of the bag, which lie close against one ,another and tend to stick toget-her, to be easily and quickly separated.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved device for producing slack in the portion of the bag tube between the draw rolls which advance the bag tube and the pinch rolls which grip the bag tube while the cut-01f device is operating thereon, immediately prior to the action of the cut-off device on the bag tube, to enable the bag tube to be out 01f effectively by the severing knives, the improved slack device being adjustable tovary the amount of slack produced in the bag tube to obtain the most eifective cut-off operation, especially when bags are being made from regenerated cellulose or other similar easily tearable materials.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in certain improvements and combinations and arrangements of parts all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the features of novelty, being pointed out particularly in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the accompanying drawings;-

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a bag making machine embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of one end of the machine, showing the means for punching the apertures in the bag strip;

Fig. 3 is an elevation, on an enlarged scale, of the punch mechanism shown in Fig. 2 as viewed from the right in that figure;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line l4 of Fig. 2; i

Fig. 5 is a detail section, on an enlarged scale and taken on the line 55 of Fig. 3, showing a portion of the punch actuating mechanism, the

punch being shown in actuated position in this Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but showing the punch actuating mechanism in the position it '00- cupies when the punch is retracted;

Fig. 7 is a detail vertical section, on an enlarged scale, taken on the l ine 'l7 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a detail View, on an enlarged scale and partly in section, of the punch and a portion of the cooperative presser member;

Fig. 9 is a detail view, partly in section, of the die which cooperates with the punch;

Fig. 10 is a transverse horizontal section taken on the line 10-10 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a top plan view of a portion of the machine, showing the shearing or trimming mechanism provided by the present invention and the cooperative means for feeding and cutting off the bag tube;

Fig. 12 is a verticalsection, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 12-12 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 13-13 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 14 is a detail view, in top plan, of one end of the structure shown in Fig. 13;

Fig. 15 is a vertical section taken on the line 15-15 of'Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a detail vertical section, taken on the vline 16-16, of Fig. 11;

Fig. 17 is a detail vertical section, taken on the line 17-17 of Fig. 11, showing the improved device for producing slack in the bag tube prior to the cut-off thereof;

Fig. 18 is a detail perspective view of the adjustable connection between the slack device and its actuating means;

Figs. 19, 20 and 21 are diagrammatic viewsv tions thereof upon the bag tube; and

Fig. 26 is a diagrammatic view showing the apertured bag strip, the bag sections cut off therefrom and a bag section after trimming thereof.

Similar parts are designated by the same refer-- ence characters in the different figures.

The invention isshown in the present instance applied to a bag making machine of the well known class shown and described generally in Letters Patent No. 417,346, granted December '17, 1889 to C. B..Stilwell. Since theconstruction and mode of operation of bag making machines of that class are well understood to those skilled in the art, it is deemed sufficient to describe the bag making machine to which the present invention is applied as comprising generally a frame 1 having brackets 2 at one end-to support a roll 3.

of the material from which the bags are to be formed, this material being in a continuous strip and being fed past a trade-markprinter 4 the construction of which is well known, the strip then passing idler rolls 5 and 6 and between an idler roll '1 and cooperative pasting roll '7', the latter of which applies a line of paste to one of the longitudinal edges of the strip, after which the strip passes beneath a former 8 and folding fingers of the usual kind but not shown turn the longitudinal edges of the strip inwardly overthe former to unite said edgesand thereby'forma continuous bag tube which may be either with or without pleats in the sides, as is well understood in the art, according to whether the bags to be produced are square bottom bags or flat.

The bag tube made on the former is fed or advanced continuously by a pair of so-called draw rolls 9 which grip the longitudinal edges of the bag tube between them, the draw rolls being geared together to revolve at equal surface speed by a pair of meshing gears 10 fixed to the shafts of the respective draw rolls, and the draw rolls are driven continuously by a gear 11 fixed to the shaft of one of the draw rolls, this gear meshing with an idler gear 12 mounted on a stub shaft 13, and the idler gear in turn being driven from a gear 14 on a main drive shaft 15. This main drive shaft, in the present instance, carries the lower of a pair of so-called pinch rolls 16 which operate in the usual way to grip the bag tube after it has been fed beyond the former and prior to the cut-off of the bag tube, these pinch rolls being connected by intermeshing gears 1'1 fixed to the respective pinch roll shafts so that the pinch rolls revolve at equal surface speed, the peripheries of the pinch rolls having raised segmental portions thereon which permit the bag tube to be fed between the pinch rolls by the draw rolls but which grip the bag tube immediately prior to the operation of the cut-01f device thereon.

The cut-off of the bag tube to form the .same into bag sections is accomplished in the usual way by cut-off knives 18 mounted at the delivery end of the former, these knives having serrated edges as usual, and a cooperative rotary breaker or striker 19 which passes upwardly between the knives and the pinch rolls while the latter grip the portion of the bag tube between them and the draw rolls thus severs the bag tube on the serrated edges of the cut-off knives. The breaker is mounted as usual on a shaft 20 which isjournalled in bearings 21 on the respective sides of the main frame, the breaker shaft being connected by gears 22 of equal size to the lower pinch .roll shaft 15, so that the breaker is synchronized with the pinch rolls. Gears 23 of equal size also usually'connectthe breaker shaft 20 with a shaft 24 which extends longitudinally of the machine and is connected by gearing25 to a shaft 26, the

latter serving to drive the trade-mark printer 4 in synchronism or proper timed relationship with the breaker. 4

Beyond the pinch rolls 16 are a pair of folder rolls 27 and a paste applying roll 28 by which paste is applied to the forward ends of the advancing bag sections and such ends of the bag sections are folded on transverse lines to form closed bottoms for the bags, after which the latter are delivered from the machine into a suitable stacking device or the like, as usual. The folder rolls are connected to revolve at equal surface speed by gears 29 fixed to the respective shafts shaft 13 of the idler gear 12 so that it may swing V about: the shaft of thelower' draw roll 9 as an axis whereby the idler gear 12 may be made to mesh with'gears 14 of difierent sizes, the gear 14, which is known as a change gear, being, for this purpose, removably mounted on'the lower pinch roll shaft 15 and splined thereon by a key 33, this gear being secured to said shaft by a nut 34 which is threaded on the outer end of this shaft' and operates, through a hand wheel 35 thereon, to clamp the change gear 14 in place. A clamping bolt 36 mounted on the main frame and operating in a segmental slot in the bracket 32,- serves to secure this bracket in proper adjusted position so that the idler gear 12 supported by this bracket willmesh properly with the carried thereby, and to be hereinafter described, to be located properly in a direction transversely V 1,967,212 vious that by'using change gears 14 of dififerent diameters and adjusting the idler gear 12 to mesh therewith, the draw rolls will be operated at a higher or lower speed to feed a longer or shorter length of the bag tube between the successive operations of the breaker or cut-off device thereon, thus providing for the making of bags of difierent lengths or sizes.

.According to the present invention, means is provided for punching apertures in the bag strip while the latter is travelling continuously and before the bag strip reaches the former. Such punching means, shown particularly in Figs. 1

to 10 inclusive, comprises a slide 37 which extends I of the bag strip which latter passes above the slide 37. For this purpose, each of the guides 39 is provided with a slide 40 which extends laterally from the outer side thereof, and these slides are movable in guideways formed in blocks 41,

the latter being bolted or otherwise secured in relatively fixed positions on the respective side members of the frame. An adjusting screw 42 is provided which is rotatable in but held from axial movement by a bracket 43 which is fixed to one of the blocks 41, this screw being threaded into one of the slides 40 as shown at 44 (Fig. 3), so that rotation of the screw will cause theguides 39 and the slide 37 connecting them to be shifted in a direction laterally of the machine and of the length of the bag strip. A plate 45 may be threaded on the screw 42 and arranged to overlap the-outer side of the adjacent block 41 to limit vthe lateral shifting movement of the guides 39 screw at the inner side of its supporting brack-' The slide 37 carries, at or near its center, a die 47, this die as shown comprising a plate having a die opening 48 therein of a shape conforming with the outline of the apertures to be produced in the bag strip, the die plate being secured to the slide 37 by a clamping bolt 49 so that the die plate occupies a position immediately beneath the bag strip passing through the machine.

The slide 37 also carries a punch to cooperate with the die. In the construction shown, the punch comprises a body portion 50 having a die head 51 at its lower end, this die head being shaped to conform with the opening in the die plate so that it will operate therein, the die head having a stem 52 which is extended upwardly into a bore 53 formed in the body 50 and the stem being threaded internally to receive the threaded end of a screw 54 which extends downwardly in the body 50 from its upper end. The punch is formed at one side with a vertical slide bar 55 which is preferably of dove-tail cross section as shown, and this slide bar is fitted to slide vertically in a guide 56. The guide 56 is clamped rigidly by a screw 57 to a cross member 58, the latter being secured by the bolts 59 or otherwise to the slide 37.

The slide 37 and a punch and die carried thereby are mounted on the machine between the guide roll 7 and the strip receiving end of the former 8, a guide roll 60' being provided opposite to the guide roll 7 to guide the bag strip so that it preferably extends substantially horizontally between these rolls and over the slide 37 and the die thereon. In order to adjust the die on the slide in a direction transversely of the width of the strip to position theapertures in proper position transversely thereof, screws 61 are provided which are shouldered and extend through apertures in a base plate 62 on which the die 47 is mounted and are threaded into the die, these screws thus serving to secure the die rigidly to the base plate 62, and the latter is provided on its under side with a rib 63 which fits slidably in a groove 64 extending transversely in the upper side of the slide 37. The slide 37 is provided with a slot 65 which extends transversely therein below the groove 64, and the screws 49 and 61 are movable longitudinally in said slot., By this arrangement, the screws 61 when tightened secure the die 47 rigidly to the base plate 62 although the shoulders on these screws permit them to move freely in the direction of the length of the slot 65,

and the screw 49, which is threaded into the base plate 62, serves, when tightened, to clamp the die and its base plate in any adjusted position in the direction of the width of the slide 37. The bracket 56 supporting the punch is also provided with a rib 66 which fits movably in a slot 67' which extends transversely in the cross member 58,'and the clamping screw 57, which is threaded into the bracket 56, is movable freely in the slot 67 when loosened but serves to clamp the bracket 56 rigidly to the cross-member 58 when tightened, this transverse adjustment for the punch thus enabling it to be adjusted in a direction transversely of the width of the bag strip to accord with corresponding adjustments of the die with Which it cooperates.

A presser member is provided to cooperate with the punch to engage the bag strip and clamp it firmly around the die opening 48 prior .to the engagement of the punch with the bag strip and v to maintain such clamping engagement with the bag strip while the punch is punching the aperture therein, such clamping of the bag strip preventing the latter from being drawn-toward or puckered around the die opening by the pressure applied thereto by the punch incident to the punching operation. This presser or clamping member comprises, as shown, a head 67 which is composed preferably of a top plate 68 and a bottom plate 69, the, latter being removably secured to the top plate by screws 70, and the removable bottom plate having a facing 71 of leather or other relatively yielding material attached to its under side, the edge of this leather facing being turned upwardly where the bag strip enters beneath it to avoid obstruction to the advance of the bag strip. The top plate 68 and the removable plate 69 and its facing are formed with an aperture 72 which conforms in by bosses 73 on the top plate 68 and by a pair of screws 74 thelower ends of which are threaded into said bosses, the upper ends of these screws extending loosely through openings formed in the ends of a cross bar 75, and the cross bar is fitted into a slot '76 which extends transversely through the upper portion of the body 50 of the punch, the cross bar being secured in this slot by the screw 54 which extends through the cross bar and by tightening said screw, which closes the slot '76 sufliciently to clamp the cross bar in place. The presser member or head 67 is supported normally at the proper height relatively to thepunch,

and its downward movement relatively thereto is limited by nuts '77 which are'threaded on the upper ends of the screws 74 and are arranged to rest on the-upper side of the cross bar '75, adjustment of these nuts on the screws regulating the.

normal height of the presser member 6'7 relatively to the punch 51. However, since the-screws '74 extend loosely through the cross bar '75, they may move upwardly therein as the punch continues its descent after the presser member 6'7 has engaged the bag strip and clamped it on the top of the die, and in order to provide a yielding pressure between the presser member 6'7 and the bag strip and to allow the punch to continue its descent and to aperture the bag strip after the descent of the presser member has been arrested by its engagement with the bag strip restingon the die, compression springs '78 are provided which encircle the respective screws, the upper ends of these springs bearing against the under side of the cross bar 75 and the lower ends of these springs resting on nuts '79 threaded on the respective screws. Adjustment of the nuts '79 vertically on the screws '74 varies the amount of compression of the springs'78 and thereby regulates the amount of pressure which will be applied by the presser member 6'7 to the bag strip incident to the punching operation.

Means is provided for advancing the punc and die with the bag strip and at the same speed at which the bag strip advances whereby the reciprocatory punch may act on the bag strip to form the apertures therein while the bag strip is travelling continuously to the former, thereby enabling the aperturing of the bag strip to be accomplished without interrupting its continuous advance. The means shown in the present instance for accomplishing this purpose comprises a rock shaft 80 which is journalled in suitable hearings in the sides of the frame of themachine and provided with a pair of gear segments 81 which are fixed thereto and extend in the same angular direction therefrom, these gear segments extending upwardly in the present-instance and having gear teeth 82 on their upper edges whichv are concentric with the axis of the shaft 80, and the slide rails 38 for the slide 3'7 are provided on their under sides with rack teeth 83 with which the gear teeth on the respective segments 81 mesh. The guides 39in which the slide rails '38 reciprocate are recessed or cut away beneath said slide rails to accommodate the upper 'nds of the rack bars 81 and enable them to mesh 'withthe rack teeth 83 on the respective slide rails. The shaft 80 is rocked in proper timed relation with the breaker or cut-off device 19 and to the proper extent according to the speed of advance of the bag strip by the draw rolls 9 to cause the slide 3'7 and the punch and die thereon to advance with the bag strip and to reach a speed equal to the speed of advance of the bag strip at the moment the punching operation takes place, and to return the punch and die afterv each punching operation and while the .bag strip continues to advance, preparatory to the next punching .operation. In the construction shown for this purpose in the present instance, a crank arm 84 is fixed to one end of the rock shaft 80, it extending downwardly therefrom or in a direction. opposite to that in which the gear segments 81 extend, and it carries a crank pin 85 which is at the same distance from the center of the shaft as the pitch lines of the gear segments 81. A crank shaft 86 is journalled in bearings 8'7 on the respective sides of the frame, this crank shaftbeing connected by equal size bevel gears 88 to the longitudinal shaft 24 which latter is driven from the breaker shaft 20 and at the same speed therewith, as previously described, so that the crank shaft 86 will revolve at the same speed or in synchronism with the breaker. The crank shaft 86 has a crank 89 fixed thereon and this crank carries a crank pin 90 which is connected by a connecting rod 91 to the crank pin on the rocker shaft 80, so that the rocker shaft will be rocked in synchronism or proper timed relation with the breaker or cut-off device 19. In order to vary the speed of travel of the slide 3'7 so that it may conform with different speeds of travel of the bag strip occasioned by variations in speed of the draw rolls 9 effected by using change gears 14 of differentsizes for the'making of bag sections of different lengths as hereinbefore described, the crank pin is provided with a head 92 which is adjustable in an undercut groove 93 extending radially or diametrically of the crank 89 so that the distance of the crank pin 90 from the center of the crank shaft 86 may be increased or decreased, and this crank pin is secured in adjusted position by a nut 94-on its outer end. Thus, by adjusting the crank pin 90 at a' greater or less distance from the center of the crank shaft 86 according to an increase or decrease in the speed of the draw rolls 9, the extent of reciprocation of the slide 37 in the direction of the length of the bag strip, and hence the speed of advance of 7 this slide with'the bag strip may be adjusted so that the slide with the punch and die thereon and the bag strip may be made to advance at the same speed although the speed of the bag strip may be increased or decreased for the making of bag sections of different lengths.

Means is provided for actuating the punch to aperture the bag strip at a predetermined point in the advance of the punch with the bag strip, at which time the punch and bag stripsse advancing at the same speed-and for quickly withdrawing 125 the punch fromthe bag strip after each punching operation. In the construction shown for this purpose in the present instance, the punch is reci'procated vertically to punch the aperture in the bag strip and to withdraw therefrom by a rock 130 shaft 95 which is journalled at its ends in bearings on the upper ends of uprights 96, the latter being bolted or otherwise secured to the slide 37 so that they-will travel horizontally therewith. The punch is reciprocated vertically by the rock shaft 135 95 by an arm fs'z ne end of which is forked to engage a pin 98 extending transversely in the upper end of the vertical guiding rib 55 of the punch, and this arm- 9'7 has-a hub 99 which is splined on the rock shaft 95 by akey 100 and keyway 101 so that 146 the arm 9'7 will swing vertically as the shaft 95 is rocked and will thereby reciprocate the punch vertically, and'the arm 9'7 may occupy a position along the rock shaft 95 according to the lateral positioning of the punch and die as hereinbefore 145 described. A tension spring 102, attached at one end to a bracket 103 fixed to the slide 37and at its other end to an arm 104 fixed to the rock shaft 95, acts to rotate the rock shaft in a direction to lift the arm 97 and thereby raise or retract the punch 15L connected thereto, and a set screw 105 threaded in an arm 106 fixed to the rock shaft 95 and bearing on a stop 107 fixed to a part of the slide 37 serves to limit the upward or withdrawing movement of the punch at a predetermined point. A crank 108 is fixed to one end of the rock shaft 95 and the outer end of this crank carries a cam 109, this cam being formed with oppositely bevelled

surfaces

110 and 111 on the side of this cam which is toward the direction of advance of the bag strip. A bracket 112 is mounted at one side or the machine in a position where the cam 109 on the rock shaft 95 will travel past it during the forward and rearward travel of the slide 37, and this bracket is preferably mounted so that it will maintain a definite laterally spaced relationship with the slide 37 although the latter may be adjusted laterally of the main frame to bring the punch and die into the desired position in relation to the width of the bag strip by adjustment of the screw 42, as hereinbefore described. For this purpose, the bracket 112 is bolted or fixed to another bracket 113 and the latter is bolted by the screws 114 to the transversely adjustable slide rail 40 on which the screw 42 acts, so that the bracket 112 will shift laterally of the machine frame when the punch and die carrying slide 37 is adjusted laterally, although the bracket 112 will be stationary in a direction longitudinally of the frame. This bracket 112 supports a punch actuating cam 115 and also a punch retracting or withdrawing cam 116, the cam 109 carried by the rock shaft 95 coacting successively with these relatively stationary cams during the longitudinal travel of the punch and die carrying slide. The punch actuating earn 115 is formed with oppositely bevelled or sloping surfaces 117 and 118 and this cam is supported by a pivot pin 119 which is freely ro- I tatable in a bearing sleeve 120, the latter being adjustable vertically in a slot or vertical guideway 121 in the bracket 112 andsecured in vertically adjusted position by upper and

lower set screws

122 and 123 which bear on the upper and lower sides of the bearing sleeve 120, and by a guide flange 124 on one end of the bearing sleeve 120 fitting in a vertical guideway 125 in the inner face of the bracket'112 and a-clamping nut 126 on the other end of the bearing sleeve, such rotatable mounting for the cam 115 permitting it to occupy either the normal position shown in Fig. 5 or the deflected position shown in Fig. 6. A lug 127 is fixed to the cam to rotate therewith and a set screw 128 mounted on the bracket 112 pro--. vides an adjustable stop to cooperate with said lug. A spring 129 encircles the pivot pin 119, it

being connected at one end to a collar 130 fixed on said pivot pin, and the other end of this spring is connected to a relatively stationary part such neathit. The punch retracting or withdrawing cam 116 is provided with oppositely bevelled surfaces 131 and 132, and this cam is adjustable vertically on the bracket 112, it being guided for such vertical adjustment by a vertical guideway 133 formed in the inner side of the bracket 112 and into which a portion of this cam fits, the bracket 112 supporting a vertical set screw 134 which extends upwardly into engagement with the stem or shank 135 of the cam 116, the stem 135 operating in a vertical slot in the bracket 112 and being provided with a nut 136 for clamping the cam 116 in different vertically adjusted positions.

The punch actuating cam 115 is set at such a height on its supporting bracket 112 that its lower bevelled surface 118 will be in the path of the upper bevelled surface 110 on the travelling cam 109 when this travelling cam is in its normal position with the punch in its normal raised or res tracted position, the height ofthe travelling cam 109 being then substantially as represented by the dotted'lines at the left hand side of Fig. 5, it being understood that the cam 109, during the advance of the punch and die carrying slide 37 with the bag strip, will move from left to right in this figure. When the punch and die carrying slide approaches the middle of its advancing stroke, the bevelled surface 110 on the cam 109 will contact with the bevelled surface 118 on the cam 15 and the inclination of these cam surfaces will cause the earn 109 to be deflected or forced downwardly as the advance of the slide proceeds, such downward forcing of the'cam 109 rocking the shaft 95 in a direction to lower the arm 97 thereon and to thereby force the punch and the presser member 67 associated therewith downwardly, the presser member 67 being first brought into contact with the bag'strip extending over the die 47 .following vv hich the continued descent of the punch applies increased pressure to the presser member 67 to firmly'clamp the portion of the bag strip surrounding the die opening firmly on the top of the die, after which the continued descent of the punch carries it through the bag strip to punch the desired aperture therein, the cam 109 at this time being beneath the cam 115 but about to pass from under it. The full line showing of the cam 109 in Fig. 5 represents its position immediately after the punching operation has been completed, the cam 109 having then passed beneath the cam 115 so that the cam 109 may rise without obstruction, and the spring 102 connected to the rock shaft 95 acts to lift the cam 109 as soon as it is free' of the cam 115, but the cam 116 is provided to effect a more rapid and positive withdrawal of the punch from the bag strip so that the punch will be in contact with the bag strip only for the minimum time required to effect the punching operation. Theicam 116 is set on the bracket 112 so that its bevelled surface 131 will be in the path ofthe bevelled surface 111 on the cam 109 when the latter has'been deflected downwardly'by the cam 115 and is about to pass from beneath said cam, as shown by the full lines in Fig. 5, so that as soon as the cam 109 has cleared the cam 115 during the continued advance of the punch and die carrying slide, the bevelled surfaces 111 and 131 on the

cams

109 and 116 will coact to deflect the cam 109 upwardly substantially into the dotted line position shown toward the right hand side in Fig. 5, and this upward movement of the earn 109 rocks the shaft 95 in a direction to lift and thereby withdraw the punch from the bag strip and to unclamp and remove the presser member 67 fromengagement with the bag strip.

After withdrawal of the punch from the bag strip and removal of the presser member 67 from engagement therewith, the, bag strip may continue its advance at a constant speed without interference from the punch and die carrying slide, and this slide is than free for return movement, while the bag strip continues to advance,

1370f the cam 115 which is below the center of its'pivot pin 119, and as the return motion of the punch and die carrying slide continues, the cam 109 travelling therewith will deflect the cam 115 into the position shown in Fig. 6, so that the cam 109 will pass idly beneath the cam 115. Immediately after the cam 109 has passed beneath the cam 115, the latter is swimg back to its normal position, with the lug 127 thereon against the set screw 128 as shown in Fig. 5, by the spring 129, and the cam 115 willthen be in operative position in the path of the cam 109 to actuate it to effect the next punching operation during the 7 'following advance \of the punch and die carrying slide.

In order to insurethe removal of the punchings from the bag strip so that these punchings will not get into the bags made in the machine or the paste used in the machine, compressed air means is provided for blowing these punchings from the die and into a suitable collecting receptacle. As shown, a compressed air conducting duct 138 extends vertically from the lower or operative face of the punch 51 to a lateral inlet 139 that the pressure of the air will increase and the moment the punching is cut from the bag strip, the developed air pressure will be sumcient to blow the punching through the hole in the die and thesepunchings may be received by any suitable receptacle, preferably a hopper 143 which is located beneath the die and discharges into a chute 144. a

f In order to enable the apertures punched in th bag strip to occupy the desired relationship with the cut oil ends of the bag sections, means is provided for varying the length of the bag strip 1 between the punching device just described and the breaker or cut-oi! device 19. Such means comprises a roller 145 adjacent to the roller 60,

the roller 145 being supported at its ends by.

on which the roller60 is mounted. The shaft 147 is rotatable in bearings 148 on the sides of the machine frame and the roller '60 is mounted to revolve freely on this shaft as by the roller bearings 149 fitted into the ends thereof. The ends of the roller 145 may be joumalled in the arms 146. A crank arm 150 is fixed to the shaft 14'! atthe front A of the machine and an adjusting screw 151 is provided, this screw being rotatably mounted but held from axial movement by a bearing 152 supported on'the frame of the machine and the screw having a threaded portion which engages a nut .7 153 pivotally mounted in the am. 150. By rotating the screw 151 in one direction or the other,

. the shaft 147 willbe rotated, thereby swinging the arms 146 to carry the idler roll 146 more orfrom the roller 60 to theheel of the former 8, and

the consequent deflection of the bag strip, more or less, will increase or decrease the length of the bag strip between the punching device and the breaker or cut-off device 19,'thus'enabling the points at which the bag tube is cut off to form the bag sections to be adjusted as desired in relation to the apertures made in the bag strip by the punching device. Preferably, the perforations made in the bag strip are curved at the side of the perforation which is toward the direction of advance of the bag strip, as indicated at am Fig. 24, while the rear edge of the aperture is straight and extends at right angles across the bag strip as shown at b in Fig. 24, and the punching device and the breaker or cut-off device are preferably so related in their operations that the bag sections 0 will be severed on lines d. (Fig. 26) which are close to but are immediately in rear of the straight sides b of the apertures, the adjustment of the bag strip to effect this result being accomplished by manipulation of the screw 151.

The means provided by the present invention for shearing or trimming off the severed ends of the bag sections which are to form the tops or mouths of the finished bags is located between the pinch rolls 16 and the folder rolls 27. As shown in Figs. 1 and ll to 16 inclusive, such means comprises a stationary shearing plate or bar 154 and a cooperative rotary cutter 155. The bar 154 is secured in proper fixed position in the frame by a suitable number of screws 156 ati tached to a cross member157on the frame, and

to enable this bar to be adjusted vertically to bring its upper shearing or cutting edge at the proper height relatively to the line of travelof the bag sections as they pass from between the pinch rolls, the shearing or cutter bar is pro- .vided with vertical slots 158 through which the securing screws 156'extend, tightening of these screws 156 rigidly clamping the shearing or cutter bar in its adjusted position. The rotary cutter 155 is mounted above the shearing or cutter bar stationary shearing or cutter bar 154, the cutter blade 159 being adjustable to bring its cutting edge into precisely correct cutting relation with the upper cutting edge of the bar 154 by a set' screw 161 which is threaded in and extends through the body of the cutter and bears on the inner side of thecutter blade 159, adjustment of the set screw forcing the cutting edge of the blade 159 outwardly or allowing it to move inwardly and the bolt 160 firmly clamping the blade 159 in adjusted position against the end of the set screw 161. The rotary cutter is journalled at its ends in bearings 162 which are adjustable vertically in guides 163 in the respective sides of the main frame. A spring 164 is located beneath each of the bearings 162 and these springs act to lift the respective ends of the cutter or to' move it away from the stationary shearing or cutter bar 154, and set screws 165 are provided in the respective sides of the frame to bear on the bearings 162 the action of the springs 164,and thus adjust the 'height ofthe rotary cutter with respect to the and thereby limit their upward movement under suitable number of set screwsleewhicli maybe '1 threaded in the under side of the cross member 157 of the frame and arranged to bear onthe lower edge of the bar 154. The axis of the rotary cutter 155 is preferably arranged at a right angle to the length or direction of advance of the bag section, but the bar 154 is preferably arranged at .a slight angle or inclination horizontally with respect to the axis of the rotary cutter so that it is inclined slightly from a right angular position with respect to the length or direction of advance of the bag sections so that one end of this stationary shearing or cutter bar will be in advance of the other end thereof, and this angular pitch or inclination of the stationary shearing or cutter bar will cause the cutting edge of the blade of the rotary cutter to cooperate progressively .with the cutting edge of the bar 154, thereby producing a shearing out upon the bag section'and also compensating substantially for the advance of the bag section while the shearing or trimming off '.of thebag section is taking place. A guide plate 167 is mounted in a relatively fixed position between thepinch rolls 16 and the shearing or trimming device, this guide plate being at such an elevation thatit will direct the forward ends of the severed bag sections from between the pinch rolls ,to a path above the cutting edgeof the bar 154.

A pair of forwarding rolls 168 are mounted beyond the cutter bar 154 and cooperative rotary cutter 155 and in advance of the folder rolls 27, these forwarding rolls being driven at a substantially greater peripheral speed than the pinch rolls 16 and" serving to feed the bag sections to the folder rolls; Preferably and as shown, the lower forwarding roll is mounted in relatively .fixed bearings in bearing brackets 169. the lat- 'has a gear 174 fixed thereon which is of the same" size as the gear 171 and meshes therewith, so that both forwarding rolls will be driven at the same speed, and since the lower folding roll is driven from the idler 31 which, in turn, is driven by the gear 30 fixed on the shaft of the lower pinch roll and is of the same diameter as the lower driving gear 29 for the folder rolls, the folder rolls will be caused to revolve at the same speed as the pinch rolls, but since the folder rolls forwarding rolls to properly direct the forward" ends of the bag sections between these rolls, and another stationary guide plate 176 is mounted in front of the folder rolls at the proper height to properly direct the bag sections so that they will pass between these rolls.

While the forwarding rolls are driven by the gearing described so that they revolve continuously and at the-same surfacespeedias the folder rolls, means is provided for causing the forwarding rolls to. act intermittently on the bag sections, and furthermore, such means is adjustable to accommodate the action of the forwarding rolls onthe bag sections to bag sections of different slightly in advance of the rear straight sides I) of the apertures so that open notches or thumb holes will be formed in the upper edges of the finished bags although the latter may be of different lengths or sizes. As shown, each end ofthe shaft of the upper forwarding roll 168 is journalled in a bearing 177 which is movable vertically in a guide 178 in the respective bracket 169 so that the upper forwarding roll is shiftable into and out of gripping relation with the lower forwarding roll, and a set screw 1'79 is provided in the top of each of the brackets 169 to engage the respective bearing brackets 177 and thereby limit the upward movement of the upper forwarding roll so that while it may lift sufiiciently to remove it from gripping relation with the lower forwarding roll or with a bag section between these rolls, the gears 1'74 and 1'71 whichconnect the upper and lower forwarding rolls will remain in mesh. A lever 180 engages each end of the shaft of the .upper forwarding roll, these levers beingfulcrumed on pivot pins.

181 so that they will swing vertically, and each of these levers carries a roller 182 which is arranged to cooperate with a cam 183 fixed on the shaft of the rotary cutter 155, and the roller of each lever 180 is forced toward the respective cam by a tension spring 184 which acts to lift the upper forwarding roll out of cooperation with the lower forwarding rollbut is yieldable to permit the upper forwarding roll to move into cooperation with the lower forwarding roll or with a bag section between these rolls when a raised portion 185 on the cam 183 engages the respective roller 182. Each of the cams 183 is adapted to receive cam segments 186 having raised portions of different lengths to conform with bag sections of different lengths, the lengths of these cam segments determining the duration of the period the upper forwarding roll is lowered into cooperation with the lower forwarding roll, short cam segments being used for long bag sections and long cam segments being used for relatively short bag sections, and circumferential adjustments of these cam'segments timing the operation of these rolls.

. The rotary cutter is driven in synchronism or timed relationship with the pinch rolls and the cams 183 are so set on the cutter shaft that the raised portions of the cams will act on the levers 180 to lower the upper forwarding roll into cooperation with the lower forwarding roll immediately after a. bagsection has been cut off by the breaker or cut-off device 19 which latter is synchronized with the pinch rolls, as has been hereinbefore described. The drive of the rotary cutter is effected in the present instance by a gear 187 which is fixed on the cutter shaft and is of the same, diameter as the gear 30 on the lower pinch roll shaft which drives the idler gear 31, the rotary cutter driving gear 187 being driven from the idler gear 31 by an intermediate gear 188. While the rotary cutter will thus be' by the cutter will move at a peripheral speed equal to that of the folder rolls 27, the circle in which the edge of said blade travels being equal in diameter to that of the folder rolls, and the latter revolving at the same speed as the cutter since the driving gear 29 therefor which meshes .with the idler gear 31 is of the same diameter as the cutter driving gear 187. In order to compensate for vertical adjustments of the rotary cutter 155 without disturbing the driving connection between the cutter and the idler gear 31, the intermediate cutter driving gear 188 is carried, by a bracket 189 which ispivoted concentrically of the shaft of the rotary cutter and is provided I a proper range of movement of the upper for.-

effectively against the serrated knives 18.

warding roll with respect to the lower forwarding roll, the pivot pin 181 for each of the levers 180 being carried by a slide 192 which is slidable vertically at a side of the respective guide 178 and being provided with a set screw 193 arranged to bear on the top of this guide, a clamping bolt 194 extendingthrough the respective bracket 169 and having a clamping nut 195 which operates in a vertically elongated slot 196 in the respective slide 192, the clamping bolt thus allowing the respective slide tobe adjusted vertically by the corresponding set screw 193 so that the pivot pin 181 for the respective lever 180v will be adiusted vertically to conform with different vertical positions of the respective cam 183, and tightening of the clamping bolt will secure the respective slide in vertically adjusted position. The cams 183 are so set on the rotary cutter shaft in relation to thecutter blade 159 that the latter will act on the rear end of each bag section to shear or trim off the serrated edge d-made by the breaker or cut-off device 19 and cooperating knives 18 along the line e which intersects the previously formed aperture toward the rear end of the bag section, substantially as shown in Fig. 26, the shearing or trimming off of the rear serrated edge of the bag section being effected by the rotary cutter while the bag section is being drawn over the stationary cutter bar 154 by the forwarding rolls, the upper forwarding roll being then lowered into cooperation with the lower forwarding roll since the levers 180 are then depressed by the' engagement of the rollers 182 thereon with the raised portions of the respective cams 183. [f h The present invention, also provides novel and improved means for producing slack in the portion of the bag tube which extends between the draw rolls 9 and the pinch rolls is immediately prior to the severing action of the breaker or cut-off device 19 upon this portion of the bag tube in order that the bag tube may be-cut Off This slack producing device, according to'the present invention, comprises a blade or bar 197 which is fixed at its ends in studs 198 and these 'studs are fixed, as by clamping nuts 199, in the ends of a pair of levers 200 the latter being fixed to a rock shaft 201 mounted in bearings 202 supported on a suitable cross member 203 of the frame so that the upper edge of this bar or blade is located in front of the pinch rolls 16 andis movable from a position below the top of the lower pinch roll or the line of travel of the bag tube to a position above the top of the lower pinch roll or the path oiv travel of the bag tube, as represented by the full and dotted lines in Fig. 17. The bar or blade 197 is normally held in its lower or full line position in said figure by a rod 204 which is guided by a bracket 205 on the cross member 203 to move vertically and by a spring 206 which is interposed between the lower end of the rod 204 and the bracket 205 and acts to draw the rod 204 downwardly or into'the full line position shown in Fig. 17 which is below the path' of travel of the bag tube from the draw rolls to the pinch rolls and which is the normal position occupied by the bar or blade 197. The bar or blade 197 is lifted into substantially dotted line position shown in Fig. 17 immediately prior to the gripping of the bag tube by the raised portions of the pinch rolls, the bag tube at this time extending loosely between the pinch rolls so that it may be relatively drawn back by the lifting of the bar or blade 197 and thereby produce slack in the portion of the bag tube between the pinch rolls and the cut-01f knives 18.

-The actuating means for the bar or blade 197 comprises an arm 207 which is fixed to the shaft 201, a lever208 which is pivoted at a'point between its ends on a pivot screw 209 mounted .on a bracket fixed to the main frame, a pin 210 carried by the lever 208 and arranged to bear against the under side of the arm 207, and a cam 219. which is fixed on the shaft 20 of the breaker or cut-01f device 19, this cam having an abrupt projection 212 thereon arranged to engage, depress and release a tooth or projection 213 on the lever 208. By this arrangement, the bar or blade 197 will be held in its normal lowered position as shown by the full lines in Fig. 17 by the spring 206 so that the bag tube may feed, without obstruction, between the pinch rolls 16 which then present the low portions of their peripheries toward one another, but immediately prior to the arriving of the segmental raised portions of these rolls opposite to one another, the cam projection 212 on the shaft 20 engages the tooth 213 on the lever 208 and rocks the latter in a direction to lift the pin 210 thereon upwardly, thereby swinging the arm 207 upwardly and correspondingly lifting the bar or blade 197 into substantially the dotted line position shown in Fig. 17, thereby producing slack in the portion of the bag tube extending between the pinch rolls and the cutof! knives 18, immediately following which the segmental raised portions of the pinch rolls come into engagement with the bag tube and grip the same tightly and the breaker or cut-off device 19 then engages the portion of the bagtube between the' pinch rolls and the cut-off knives 18 and swings the same upwardly against the serrated cut-ofi knives 18, thus severing a bag section from the remainder of the bag tube. The abrupt shape of the cam projection 212 allows the bar or blade 197 to be quickly lowered out of the path of the forward end of the bag tube, under the action -of the spring 206, immediately before the breaker or cut-of! device 19 severs the bag section therefrom. In order to vary the amount of slack produced in the bag tube incident to the operation of the cut-off device thereon. the pin 210 which serves to lift the arm 207 is carried by a block "214 which is slidable longitudinally on the end of. the lever :08, and this $56 block is slotted as at 215 to receive a bolt 21s which serves to clamp the block 214 in different positions'longitudinally of the lever 208. By shifting the block 214 in the direction of the length of the lever 208, the distance of the pin 210 from the pivot pin 209 and hence the range of vertical movement of the pin 210 under the action of the cam 211 may be increased or decreased, thus correspondingly increasing or decreasing the extent of lift of the bar'o'r blade 197 and, accordingly, the amount of slack produced in the bag tube thereby. ,Alhe extent of descent of the bar or blade 197 may be limited by a collar 217 which maybe adjustably secured to the rod, .204 and arranged to rest'on chine from the supply roll 3 and that it passes over theidler roll 7 and that the machine is driven from the lower pinch roll shaft and that the latter operates the various mechanisms of the machine by the gearing hereinbefore described, the bag 1 member '67 out of engagement with'the bag strip;

. strip,,which passes over-the die 4'7 and'beneath the punch and presser member 67, passes beneath the former a and is formed into a bag tube which is advanced continuously by the continuously revolving draw rolls 9. while the bag tube and the bag strip from which it is formed are thus fed continuously in the machine, the breaker or cut-095 device 19 and the crank 89 are driven in synchronism or at equal speed, through the gearing hereinbfore described, and the crank 89 will rock the shaft which, acting through the gear segments 81, will reciprocate the punch and die carrying slide 37 in the direction of the length of the portion of the bag strip which extends between the guide rolls 7 and 60.

. While the punch and die carrying, slide is moving forwardly or is advancing with the bag strip rounds the'die opening while the punch continues to descend, thus punching the aperture in the bag stripr Immediately following the punching operation and during .the immediately following advance ofthe punch and die carrying slide, the

vcam 109 engages and is liftedby the cam 116,

thereby lifting the punch 50 and also the presser These successive positions of the punch and presser member during the forward travel of the punch anddie carrying slide areshown in Figs.

, 19', 20 and 21, Fig. 19 showing the slide substantialiy at the commencement bi its forward travel with the bag strip, 20showing the slide at substantially tile mid-point of its forward travel,

,- the presser member then clamping the bag strip on the top of the die and the punch extending through the bag strip and having formed the aperture thereimand Fig. 21 showing the slide at substantially the end of its advance, the presser 'memberand punch being both'disengaged or withdrawn from the bag strip. By clamping the s r a ainst the face of the-die and around pe inlthereinpriortothe punching ofthein the bag strip, puckering or drawing ofthebugstripbytbemovementofthe punch into the die opening is prevented, this feature of the invention being particularly advantageous when bags are being made of regenerated cellulose or material having substantially the same properties thereof and which is diillcult to punch and is easily tearable, the clamping of the strip of regenerated cellulose upon the face of the die, however, holding the same taut so as to prevent puckering or tearing and insuring a cleanly 'punched aperture therein; During the retm'n stroke of the punch and die carrying slide, the punch 50 and presser member 67 are in raised position above the bag strip and are held in such raised position by the spring 102.

The bag tube on the former 8 has apertures in its under side at intervals in its length, and the punch which produces these apertures is so timed or synchronized with the breaker or cut-oil device 19 that the latter acts to sever the bag tube as each aperture therein reaches the cut-off knives 18, the length of the bag strip between the punch and the severing device being so adjusted by the screw 151 that the serrated cut-01f along the lines 11 will be made immediately behind the aperture. 1

The slack devicehereinbefore described operates, as stated, after the forward end of the bag tube has been introduced between the pinch rolls 16 but immediately prior to the gripping of the bag tube thereby and before the breaker or severing device 19 operates to sever the bag tube to form a bag section therefrom, the pinch rolls gripping the bag tube during the severing operation but releasing the bag tube immediately thereafter. The forward end of the bag section severed from the bag tube passes over the shearing or trimming bar or knife 154 and beneath the rotary cutter 155, the blade 159 of which is then in raised position and between the forwarding rolls 168, im-

-mediately after which the upper of said rolls is lowered by the action ofthe cams 183 on the levers 180 whereby the forwarding rolls are then caused to grip the bag section and to draw it forwardly from the, pinch rolls and over the shearing or cutter bar 154 and to introduce this bag section between the folder rolls 27, the bag section being advanced at an increased speed by the'forwarding and folder rolls, as hereinbefore described, and the advance of the bag section being so timed in relation to the operation of the rotary cutter 155 as to cause the cutter blade 159 to cooperate withthe stationary shearing or cutter bar 154 as the rear or cut-off end of the bag section is about to pass over the bar 154, the parts being preferably so timed that the rearedge of the bag section will be sheared of! substantially on the line e, Fig. 26,

which intersects the aperture in the bag section immediately in advance ofthe straight rear side b thereof. I

The trimmed bag section is discharged between the folder rolls and its forward end may have paste applied thereto and be folded on the transverse line I to form a closed bottom for the bag by bottom closing mechanism such as that commonly used in bag making machines for making flat or square bottomed bags and the construction and mode of operation of which are well understood. by those skilled in the art, so that illustration and description thereof are'deemed unnecessary.

The screw 151 enables the apertures punched in the bag strip by the punch and die to be regishereinbefore described for the forwarding roll: no

to enable the same to be sheared or trimmed off on transverse lines which intersect the rear ends of the apertures. The adjustment for the crank pin 90 enables the speed of travel of the punch and die carrying slide to be varied to accord with variations in speed of the bag strip for the making of bags of different lengths, and the adjustable or changeable cams 183 enable the operation of the forwarding rolls to be varied to effect the shearing or trimming off of the bag sections when made of different lengths.

The finished bags will each have a smooth or uninterrupted top edge to surround the mouth thereof, thereby minimizing tendency of the bags to tear or split at the mouth, especially when made of regenerated cellulose or similar easily tearable material, and each bag will have a notch or thumb hole in its top edge at one side which exposes the other side of the bag and which facilitates opening of the bag for filling or other purposes.

By setting the shearing bar 154 at an inclination to the cutting edge of the blade 159- and the axis of the rotary cutter 155 as described, a

clean shear cut is made at the end of each bag section which is to form the top edge or mouth of the bag and, moreover, the forward travel of the bag tube during the shearing or trimming operation will be compensated for so that the top edge of the bag will be square with thesides thereof. By holding the bag strip down upon the die while the punch is being withdrawn therefrom, as accomplished by the presser member 67 operating as hereinbefore described; pulling up or tearing of the strip by the punch, especially when the strip is composed of regenerated cellulose or similar easily tearable material,

is avoided.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a bag making machine embodying a former, means for feeding a bag strip thereto to form a bag tube, and a cut-off device for severing said tube into bag sections, a reciprocatory punch mounted to travel to and fro in parallelism with the plane of the bag strip and to cooperate therewith prior to its formation into a tube, and means synchronized with the cut-off device for actuating said punch to perforate the bag strip while travelling therewith and at points adjacent to those at which the strip is severed by the cut-off device.

2. In a bag making machine embodying a former, means for feeding a bag strip thereto to form a bag tube, and a cut-off device for severing said tube into bag sections, a device synchronized with the cut-off device and operative on the bag strip in advance of the former to form apertures therein at points adjacent to the points at which the tube is severed by the cut-off device, and a device also synchronized with the cut-off device and operative to shear off the ends of the bag sections severed by the cut-ofi device on transverse lines which intersect the apertures therein.

3. In a bag making machine embodying a former, means for feeding a bag strip thereto to form a bag tube, and a cut-ofi device for severing said tube into bag sections, a device operative in synchronism with the cut-off device to form apertures in the strip at points adjacent to the points atwhich the tube is severed by the cut-off device, and means for varying the length of the bag strip between the cut-off device and the aperture forming device to bring said apertures into said relationship with the points at which the tube is severed.

4. In a bag making machine embodying a former, means for feeding a bag strip thereto at one or another speed to form a bag tube, and acut-off device for severing the bag tube into bag sections, a punch mounted to travel with the bag strip and reciprocatory' transversely thereof to operate thereon to aperture it, and means for operating the punch in synchronism with the cut-off device, said punch operating means being adjustable to vary the extent of travel of the punch in accordance with variations in the speed of the bag strip.

5. In a bag making machine embodying a former, means for feeding a bag strip thereto at one or another speed to forma bag tube, and a cut-off device for severing the bag tube into bag sections of different lengths, a device for shearing off the severed ends of the bag sections, means for presenting the severed ends of the bag sections in operative relation with said shearing device, and means for varying the operation of said bag section presenting means to-- conform with different lengths of the bag sections.

6. In a bag making machine embodying a former and means for feeding a bag strip thereto, a punch mounted to travel in the direction of feed of said strip and reciprocable transversely thereof to form an aperture therein, a presser member mounted to travel with the punch and reciprocable to engage and-disengage said strip, and means operative to reciprocate the presser member and punch successively to act on the strip while said member and punch travel therewith.

'7. In a bag making machine embodying a former and means for feeding a bag strip thereto, a punch mounted to travel in the direction of feed of said strip and reciprocable transversely thereof to form an aperture therein, a presser member mounted to travel with the strip and reciprocable to engage and disengage said strip, means to yieldingly hold the presser member in advance of the punch, and actuating means common to the presser member and the punch and operative to move said member into engagement with the strip and to subsequently advance the punch to form the aperture in the strip whilev said member and punch travel therewith.

8. In a bag making machine embodying a former and means for feeding a bag strip thereto, a punch mounted to travel in the direction of feed of said strip and in a return direction and reciprocable transversely thereof to form an aperture therein, a rocker member operatively connected to the punch to reciprocate it and to travel therewith, and a cam in the path of travel of said memher to actuate it during the travel of the punch with the strip to form the aperture in the strip, said cam being movable out of the path of travel of said rocker member during the return travel of the punch. 1

9.- In a bag making machine embodying a former and means for continuously feeding a bag strip thereto, a punch mounted to travel in the direction of feed of said strip and in a return direction and to reciprocate transversely of the strip to form an aperture therein, a rocker member operatively connected to the punch to reciprocate it and mounted to travel therewith, and a pair of cams one of which is in the path of are travel of said member .with said strip and is opcams is in the path of travel of said member with the strip while the punch is in said aperture and is operative on said member to withdraw the punch from said aperture, the first-mentioned cam being movable out of the path of the return travel of said member.

10. In a bag making machine embodying a former, means for feeding a bag strip thereto to form a bag tube, and a cut-off device for severing, said tube into bag sections, a shear for shearing oil the severed ends of the bag sections comprising a rotatable cutter movable in the direction of advance of the bag sections, and a cooperative relatively fixed knife past which said cutter is movable and having its cutting edge inclined relatively to the axis of rotation of the cutter and to the direction of advance of the bag sections.

11. In a bag making machine embodying a former, means for feeding a bag strip thereto to form a bag tube, and a cut-off device for severmg said tube into bag sections, a shear for shear-'- ing oil the severed ends of the bag sections, forwarding rolls for the bag sections, and means for rendering said rolls operative intermittently to admit the bag sections to the shear and to remove them therefrom.

12. In a bag making machine embodying a former, means for feeding a bag strip thereto to form a bag tube, and a cut-off device for severing said tube into bag sections, a shear including a rotary cutter mounted to act on the bag sections to shear off the severed ends thereof, forwarding rolls for advancing the bag sections past the shear, and cam means controlled bythe rotary cutter of the shear for rendering the forwarding rolls operative intermittently.

13. In a bag making machine embodying a former, means for feeding a bag strip thereto at one or another speed to form a bag tube, and a cut-off device for severing said tube into bag sections of different lengths, a shear including a rotary cutter synchronized with the cut-off device and mounted to acton the bag sections to shear off the severed ends thereof, forwarding rolls for advancing the bag sections, and means including a cam connected to the rotary cutter for rendering the forwarding rolls operative to advance the bag sections past the shear, said cam being adjustable to vary its length in accordance with variations in the lengths of the bag sections.

14. In a bag making machine embodying a former and cooperative cut-off knives, means for feeding a bag strip to the former to form a bag tube, pinch rolls to grip the bag tube beyond the cut-off knives, and a rotatable breaker operative to strike the portion of the bag tube between said knives and pinch rolls to cut it off against the knives, a device for producing slack in said portion of the bag tube prior to the cut-off thereof comprising a blade at one side of the bag tube, means including a cam rotatable with the breaker for moving the blade against the bag tube to produce slack therein and for suddenly releasing said blade for retraction, and means for retracting said blade when released.

15. In a bag making machine embodying a former and cooperative cut-oil knives, means for feeding a bag strip to the former to form a bag tube, pinch rolls to grip the bag tube beyond the cut-off knives, and a rotatable breaker operative to strike the portion of the bag tube between said knives and pinch rolls to cut it off against the knives, a device for producing slack in said portion of the bag tube prior to the cut off thereof comprising a blade mounted to reciprocate transversely of said portion of the bag tube, a lever connected to said blade for reciprocating it, a cam operative in timed relation with the breaker, a lever cooperative with said cam to be actuated thereby, and a pin for transmitting motion from said cam actuated lever to said blade reciprocating lever, said pin being carried by and adjustable in the direction of the length of one of said levers to vary the extent of reciprocation of said blade.

TRUE M. AVERY.