US1966568A - Winding machine - Google Patents

Description

July 17, 1934. E, R, swANso'N I 1,966,568

WINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 27, 1951 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 17, 1934. sw soN 1,966,568

WINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 27,1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f j-jgl /i //.W a! "*1 k 1, W% W R 7 l S y I I 2 4% W o /?f 4. Z Z

Patented July 17, 1934.

WINDING MACHINE Ernest R.

Universal Winding Company,

Swanson, Cranston, R. I., assignor to Boston, Masai, a

- corporation of Massachusetts Application January 27, m1, Serial No. 511,578 6 Claims. (01. wa -s94) This invention relates to improvements in winding machines for winding cops, cones, cheeses and other forms of packages of thread, yarn, cord and other strand material, hereinafter referred to generally by the term yarn, and particularly to winding machines wherein the package is rotated by contact with a driveroll or drum. Specifically, the invention consists in a ribbon-breaker, so-called, which operates to control the disposition of the turns of winding on the surface of the package to prevent the formation of bands or ribbons in which the yarn; coilsare crowded together or p l d One object of the invention is to provide a simplified mechanism incorporated in the driving-means o! the winding machine and operating to disrupt the synchrony of motion between the package andthe traverse-means which deposits the coils of winding in place thereon.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the type specified for periodically accelerating and decelerating the rate of movement of one or the other of the cooperating winding elements, either the package-rotating means or the yarn-traversing means, at recurring cycles throughout the winding.

Another object of the invention is to provide automatically operated means in the drivingmechanism for rotating one element of the driving gears first in one direction and then in the opposite direction to eflect an acceleration and deceleration in the speed of the driven element. Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the type specified which is completely automatic in its operation and which requires no adjustment or setting.

Further objects of the improvement are, set forth in the following specification which describes a preferred form of construction of the invention, by way of example, as illustrated, by the accompanying drawings.- In the drawings: Fig. 1 is 'a front elevation of a portion of a winding frame or gang winder showing the es sential elements of the winding mechanism of one unit inconnection with the driving means which embodies the present improved ribbonbreaker orspeed-changing device; t-Fig. 2" is an end view of the same, part sectional on line 2 -2 of Fig. 1', looking in the direction indicated by the arrow; r

'Fig. 3 is a view similarto Fig; 2 showinga modified form-of windingmechanism including a drive-roll mr rotating the package an'd'a separate yarn-traversing roll" with whichthe improved ribbon-breaker is connected? section in a vertical plane;

v is a'detailed-view of thegdiffe'rential gearing for the ribbon-breaker showna gial Fig. Sis an end.view of the train of gearing which drives the crank-motion;and

Fig. 6 is a. detailed view of certain of the gears of said train.

The present invention relates particularly to means for imparting an alternately accelerated and retarded rate of speed to one of the cooperative winding elements of the machine, either the rotatableyarn-receiver on which the package is wound or the means which traverses the yarn thereon, and .in general consists in differential gearing incorporated in the driving-mechanism of the machine and operative to cause one of the gears in a train to be positively rotated first in 'one direction and then in the opposite direction to effect an acceleration and deceleration in the speed of the driven gear.

Referring to the drawings, the winding machine herein illustrated by way of example is of the double gang type, comprising a plurality of winding units arranged in series along the sides of a horizontal frame or bed 2. The bed 2 is supported at its ends by suitable legs 3 and at one end is an electric motor 5 mounted on a base 6 which is adjustable with respect to the bed. Spaced along the top of the bed 2 are a series of'brackets or standards 7 which support bearings for the driving-shaft and other parts of the winding mechanism, two opposite units being located between each pair of brackets but only one unit being herein shown.

In the construction of the machine as shown in Figs. 1 and'2 the winding mechanism comprises only two principal elements, namely, the

winding-mandrel or spindle on which the yarn-receiver or cop-tube C is rotatably supported, and the drive-roll 10 for rotating the yarn-receiver and in which is embodied the means for traversing the yarn back and forth axially of the package being wound. In th' form of construction the usual reciprocati g thread-guide is dispensed" with and the driveroll has its peripheral surface provided with connected helical grooves 8 and 9'extending in opposite directions and adapted to receive the strand of yarn to guide it back and forth between the ends of the package. This particular form pf traversing-means is fully shown and described in United- States Letters Patent No. 1,749,355 dated'March4', 1930. It is to be understood however that the present ribbonbreaker-or speed-changing device is adapted for use on winding machines of other types, such as those wherein 'the package is-driven by contact with a driv'ee'roll and *the yarn traversed by meansof;'a 'reciprocating guide, or with any other arrangeni'entof drum-driven winders.-

Inthe form of'construction shown in Figs. 1 and: the drive-roll miscarried on and rotated by-atwo-part horizontal Shafikl]. journaled in ball-bearings supported by the brackets 7 in the manner as later explained; it being noted that the shaft 11 is extended throughout the whole length of the gang machine and adapted to rotate the drive-rolls for any desired number of winding units. The present machine is shown as adapted for winding packages of conical form in which the yarn body is built up on any suitable support or receiver, a wooden or fiber cone C being illustrated in Fig. 1 as mounted to rotate on the winding-spindle or mandrel 15. As shown most clearly in Fig. 2, the winding-spindle 15 is pivotally mounted on the forked end of an arm 16 which is hinged on a rod or stud 17 held in a bearing 18 projecting from the top of the bracket 7, this construction being common to machines of the present type. The arm 16 is usually Weighted to cause the surface of the yarn-receiver C, or of the package, to be held firmly in contact with the periphery of the drive-roll 10, and as the yarn is built up on the receiver it forces the latter upwardly with the arm 16 pivoting on its stud 17.

The driving mechanism for the whole series of winding units is connected to drive the shaft 11 through differential gearing arranged as next described. Referring to Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings, as herein shown the armature-shaft 20 of the motor 5 carries a spur gear or pinion 21 which meshes with a similar gear 22 keyed to the reduced end 23 of a drive-shaft 25 journaled in ball-bearings 26 and 27. The bearings 26 and 27 comprise outer races 28 held in counterbores 29 at the ends of thehub of a gear-casing or housing 32, and the inner races 30 on the shaft 25, with balls 31 revolvable therebetween. The casing 32 is constructed of two complementary sections in order that the gearing may be conveniently assembled therein. The main part 33 of the casing 32 comprises a cylindrical boxlike element having at one end a shouldered hub 35 which is rotatably supported in a bearing 38 formed as a part of an upright or web 39 on the main frame 2. The hub 35 is held in the bearing 38 by a collar 40 secured to its end by means of a set-screw 41.

The drive-shaft 25 is journaledin the hub 35 of the gear-casing 32 in the manner as above explained and carries, at the side of the gear 22, a second gear 42 which is keyed to its end. Both gears 22 and 42 are fixed longitudinally on the reduced end 23 of the shaft 25 by means of a washer 43 and nut 44, which latter is screwed onto the further reduced threaded end of the shaft, the gear 22 being held against the inner race 30 of the bearing 27. The gear 42 transmits rotation through a' train of gearing to a crankshaft, to be lated described, which is arranged therebelow.

The drive-shaft 25 carries at its forward end a head 45 which is fixed thereto by means of a dowel-pin 46 and spaced from the inner race 30 of the ball-bearing 26 by a washer 47. The head 45 comprises a central hub with opposite radial arms 48 extending therefrom. The arms 48 terminate in bosses provided-with bores 49 for receiving the journals of a pair of studshafts 50 carrying planetary pinions 55 to be later described. Held in counterbores 51 at the ends of the bores 49 are the outer races 52 for a pair of ball-bearings 53. The inner races 54 of the bearings 53 are mounted on the studshafts 50 with balls 56 revolvable between the races in the usual manner. The stud-shafts 50 have enlarged portions at their ends carrying the pinions 55 which are keyed thereto at 57 and held in place by the enlarged heads 58 of the shafts. Castellated nuts 36 on the opposite threaded ends of the stud-shafts 50 secure the parts in place with suitable washers 37 and 59 for maintaining them, in spaced relationship. It will thus be observed that the pinions 55 are journaled on the head 45 to be revolved thereby in a path concentric to the axis of the driveshaft 25.

The end of the main section 33 of the housing 32 has its shell counterbored at 61, and received therein is an internal ring-gear 60 having teeth on its inner periphery which mesh with the teeth of the pinions 55. The ring-gear 60 is secured to the shell of the housing 32 by means of one or more pins 62.

The opposite section or cover-portion 34 of the housing 32 is of annular formation with an overhanging rim 64 which surrounds the projecting end of the ring-gear 60 and abuts the end of the rim of the section 33 to provide an oil-tight joint therebetween. The section 34 is attached to the main housing section 33 by means of screws 65 screwed into threaded holes in the ring-gear 60.

The shaft 11, which for convenience of description may be termed the driven-shaft, forms the mounting for the whole series of drive-rolls 10 arranged along the gang machine and its opposite end carries a gear by which it is rotated from the train of gearing within the housing 32. The driven-shaft 11 is journaled in a bearing, indicated generally by the reference character 75, supported on one of the brackets or standards 7, previously described. The bearing is constituted by a thimble-like bushing 76 having a main portion 77 with a reduced cylindrical sleeve 78 at one end. The sleeve 78 extends through a bore in the standard 7 with the main portion 77 of the bushing fitted to an enlarged counterbore therein. The bushing 76 is thereby held from longitudinal movement in one direction or toward the left as viewed in Figs. land 4. To take the thrust in the opposite direction a collar 79 is fastened to the end of the sleeve 78 abutting the side of a finished bearing surface on the bracket 7, being secured to the bushing by means of a set-screw 80. The collar 79 has a lug or finger 81 which projects laterally into a slot 82 in the bracket 7, see Figs. 2, 3 and 4, to hold the bushing 76 against rotation with the shaft. The drivenshaft 11 is rotatable within the bore of the bushing 76 and extends therethrough in axial alinement with the drive-shaft 25. The larger portion 77 of the bushing 76 is counterbored at .its end to receive the outer race 86 of a ballbearing 85, the inner race 87 of which is mount a cupped flange 92 having its thickened annular rimabuttingthe side of the section 34 of the casing 32 and secured thereto by screws 93. Projecting radially from the hub of the member 90 is a lug 94 through which extends a wrist-pin 95 with its opposite end held in the flange 92. The wrist-pin 95 constitutes the means for pivotally joining the end of a connecting-rod 125 to the casing 32 in the manner and for the purpose as later described. The pin 95 is held in place by a cross-pin 96 extending through the lug 94.

Seated in counterbores 98 and 99 in the rim of the member 90 and the annulus of the section 34 of the casing 32 is the outer race 101 of a ball-bearing 100 which forms a journal for the driven-gear '70 previously referred to as being fast on the end of the shaft 11. The gear '70 has a'hub 108 carrying the inner race 102 of the bearing 100 and is keyed to the shaft 11 at 103. A collar or washer 104 holds the inner race 102 in place on the hub 108 of" the gear '70 and takes the end thrust of the'gear in one direction. The collar 104 bears against the side of the race 102 and is secured to the end of the hub 108 by screws 105 extending longitudinally therethrough with nuts 106 at their ends.

It will be observed that through the above described arrangement the armature-shaft 20 of the motor 5 is connected through the gears 21 and 22 to rotate the shaft 25. The head is thus driven ,to travel the pinions around the relatively fixed ring-gear to thereby impart rotary motion to the driven-gear '70 which drives the shaft 11. With the ring-gear 60 held fast the motion transmitted from the shaft 20 to the shaft 11 would be constant, but to impart a differential motion to the shaft 11, that is, to alternately accelerate and decelerate its rate of rotation, the gear 60 is oscillated to-and-fro to vary the driving action of the pinions 55. The gear 60 is oscillated back and forth about the shaft 11 through substantially one-half a revolution by means of a crank-motion operating on the housing 32 as next described.

Extending horizontally along the side of the bed 2 is a two-part crank-shaft 110 journald in bearings 111, 112,113 and 114, see Fig, 1. As herein shown, the bearings 111 and 112 are formed as downward extensions of brackets '7, while the bearings 113 and 114 are constructed as a part of the bed 2. The crank 115 is preferably made separate from the two-part shaft 110 with its crank-arms 116 secured thereto by means of set-screws117. A connecting-rod 125 has a split-bearing 121 at one end journaled on the crank-pin 118, see Fig. 2, and reaches upwardly with its curved end formed with a hub 119 which is connected to the wrist-pin 95, previously described as'carried by the member 90 rod 125 will be given a reciprocatory motion to oscillate the casing 32 to which it is attached,

whereby the ring-gear is rotated back'and forth on its axis. The crank-shaft 110 is driven from the motor 5 through the means of 'a' train of -gearing as next described.

As shown in Figs: 1 and 5, the gear 42 fast on the end of the drive-shaft 25- me'shes'with gear 130 which is keyed at 131 to a-s'tud-shaft 132 in the manner as illustrated inFig; 6. The

stud-shaft 132 is journaled in ball-bearings 133,

of the same construction as previously described; held inxthe ,counterbor'e'd ends of a cylindrical casingv or journal-box: 134 which mounted in a circular orifice 135 inthe. web 39 of the frame 2 and fastened-in place by means ofscrews 136. Constructed integral with the stud-shaft 132 is a pinion 138 arranged to mesh with a gear 140 which is keyed to the end of the crankshaft 110 at 141 and secured longitudinally thereof by means of a set-screw 142.

It will thus be seen that the armature-shaft 20 drives the train of gearing last described to rotate the crank-shaft 110 at a greatly reduced rate of speed, and through the means of the crank 115 the ring-gear 60 is given an intermittent to-and-fro motion about the axis of the shafts 11 and 25. The speed of rotation of the shaft 11 is thus periodically accelerated and decelerated through the differential gearing in the casing 32, the method of operation of the complete machine and the functioning of the ribbon-breaker being as next explained.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the machine as herein shown in prepared for winding by mounting a wooden or'fiber conetube or yarn-receiver C to rotate on the spindle 15. In applying the yarn-receiver C the arm 16 is raised and the spindle 15 swung outwardly on its swiveled joint at the end of the arm in accordance with the well known practice with winding machines of the present type. After the yarn-receiver C is in place the spindle 15 is swung back into parallel relation with respect to the axis of the drive-roll 10 and the arm 16 is then lowered to bring the surface of the receiver C into driving contact with'the periphery of the roll. The strand of yarn y or other material is led up from a source of supply and through a tension-device, not herein illustrated, thence drawn across the periphery of the driveroll 10 and its end fastened to the yarn-receiver.

C, for example, by winding it several times around the grooved base thereof. In machines of the present type the drive-roll is usually rotated continuously and the starting and stopping of the winding is controlled by carrying the yarn-receiver C respectively toward or away from the roll. Means are usually provided for automatically lifting the package away from the drive-roll to arrest the winding operation, but such means are not herein shown and described as they form no part of the present invention.

As the yarn-receiver C is brought into surface contact with the'periphery of the drive-roll 10 it will be rotated from the roll to wind on the yarn. The roll 10 turns in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2 and'as the yarn is taken up by the rotation of the receiver C the strand y will enter one or the other of the crossing helical grooves 8 and 9 on the periphery of the roll. 'As the yarn feeds through .the

grooves it is traversed thereby back and forth,

longitudinally of the receiver C to deposit it thereon in helical coils whichmake several turns first in one direction and then in the opposite direction as indicated in Fig. 1. 'In this way the yarn is given a continuous traverse from one end of the receiver to the other and back again to'build up a succession of courses form:

ing overlyinglayerswhich constitute theyarn body or package.

-' At the start of thewinding the speed emne 1 yarn-receiver C1is"ap proximately'the same""as that "-of'ithe drive-roll 10 and the 'yarn' will be laid from end to end of the receiver with a nufnber o'f coils equal to the numberof'turns in the grooves" 8' and '9 extending fromj 'one end of'the up on the receiver C the latter recedes from the {roll 1o to the other end. As the yarn build of the yarn mass its angular velocity or speed of rotation is gradually lessened due to the increasing disparity between its diameter and that of the drive-roll. In other words, there is a constant change in ratio between the speed of rotation of the package .and that of the driveroll and, consequently, there will be a corresponding variation in the number of turns laid on the surface of the package, or in the wind as it is called. For example, if the winding is started with four winds, or four turns of the yarn on the surface of the receiver ,0. as shown in Fig. 1, as the package increases in size and its speed of rotation is retarded the number of winds will be gradually lessened with the yarn making in some cases only one-half of one turn about the cop at its completion.

At'the start of the winding the coils arelaid in open or spaced relationship, but when the wind changes the spacing between the turns becomes lessened and the coils gradually close up and eventually tend to crowd or pile on each other. This crowding or piling of the turns of winding takes place each time the wind changes from a greater to a lesser number of even turns and causes what is termed a ribbon wind on the surface of the package. In a package of considerable size there may be a large number of these ribbons and. at such points the winding is defective. That is to say, where the coils of winding are crowded and piled the yarn is stretched and strained and the turns will not hold in place as well as when spaced apart. When several coils are laid over each other in the ribbon they tend to slip and slide out of place and roll on the surface of the package. This disturbs the twist of the yarn and tends to weaken it so that its quality is impaired and, as another serious defect, the ribbon prevents the yarn from delivering freely when it is drawn off over the end of the package.

It has been stated that one object of the present invention is to overcome this defect in drum-wound packages by eliminating the ribbon wind and the means for accomplishing this purpose consists in the automatically-operated differential driving-gear for the roll 10 which traverses the yarn on the package. The motorshaft 20 rotates at a constant rate of speed and through the train of gearing 42, 130, 138 and' 140 drives the crankshaft 110 at a constant but greatly reduced rate. The motor-shaft 20 is connected by the gears 21 and 22 to rotate the drive-shaft 25 and thereby to revolve the pinions 55 carried on the head 45. As the shaft 25 is rotated the pinions 55 are revolved bodily around the axis thereof with a planetary motion and through the engagement of their teeth with the relatively fixed gear 60 the pinions are rotated on their own axes to cause them to drive the gear 70. The gear 70 is fast on the drivenshaft'll and is thus caused to turn this shaft to rotate the roll 10 at substantially the same speed at which the drive-shaft 25 is driven.

As before stated, the ring-gear 60 has a slow to-and-fro rotative movement imparted to it by the crank-motion which actuates the connecting-rod 125 connected to the housing 32. The effect of this oscillation or to-and-fro movement of the gear 60 is to cause the rotation of the driven-gear 70 to be accelerated or retarded in accordance with the direction of movement of the gear 60. That is to say, as the crank 115 turns downwardly from top center and the gear 60 is turned in a clockwise direction, as viewed 1,9ee,tes

in Fig. 5, the pinions 55 will have a proportionately less rotative effect on the gear 70. On the other hand, as the crank 115 rises from bottom center and the connecting-rod 125 turns the gear 60 back in the opposite direction a faster rate of speed will be imparted to the pinions 55 as they travel around the gear 60 and, consequently, the speed of the gear '70, and thereby the velocity of the shaft 11 and roll 10. will be accelerated.

Now it would appear that since the yarnreceiver 0 and the package wound thereon are rotated directly from the roll 10 the peripheral speed of rotation of the package would be the same as that of the roll and any acceleration or deceleration of the latter would be imparted to the package. This is not the case, however, because the package is driven by frictional contact of the drive-roll with its surface and there is necessarily some slippage at this point when the speed of the drive-roll is altered. The yarn-receiver C and the yarn wound thereon are of considerable mass and the weight thereof increases with the growth in the winding. Furthermore, the package is rotated at a high rate of speed and the force of momentum is therefore very considerable. Hence, when the speed of the drive-roll 10 is retarded the velocity of the package is not materially affected so that it continues its rotation at the maximum. It has been determined in practice that due to the slippage between the surface of the package and the periphery of the drive-roll the slowing up of the roll has little or no effect to change the speed of the package. Likewise, when the speed of the roll is accelerated for a brief period it will fail to have any material effect in increasing the speed of the package due to the force of inertia, slippage taking place between the periphery of the roll and the surface of the package. It can therefore be stated that the intermittent change in speed of the roll 10, as controlled by the differential gearing hereinbefore described, has only one effect, that is, to change the ratio of the traverse of the yarn with respect to the rotation of the package being wound. Stated more specifically, the action of the differential mechanism is to intermittently ,speed up and retard the rate of traverse of the yarn on the package while the speed of rotation of the latter remains substantially unaffected. In

this way the synchronization of the traverse movement between the two cooperative elements of the winding mechanism, that is, the rotating package and the traversing-means for the yarn, has the result to prevent the crowding and piling of the turns or coils of winding to thus eliminate the ribbon wind usually present in drum-wound packages.

Fig. 3 of the drawings illustrates a modified form of winding mechanism having the driveroll constructed as a separate element from the traverse-roll. In this embodiment of the invention the drive-roll 150 is mounted on and rotated by its own shaft 151 which is driven at a constant rate of speed, either by connecting it directly with the motor-shaft or gearing it thereto. The traverse-roll 160 is mounted on an independent shaft 161 extending parallel with and located in front of the drive-roll shaft 151. The cop-tube or yarn-receiver C is carried at the endof an arm 155 pivoted at 156,

being so supported as to adapt it to contact with the periphery of the drive-roll 150, but to be free from contact with the traverse-roll 160.

explained in connection with the first described embodiment of the invention.

In the modified form of construction shown in Fig. 3, the traverse-roll shaft 161 corresponds to the driven-shaft 11 referred to in connection with the other viewsof the drawings, and the differential gearing is carried on this shaft and arranged in exactly the same manner as shown in Fig. 4 and previously described. The winding mechanism in this last described embodiment of the invention will therefore operate to cause the yarn-receiver C to be rotated from the drive-roll 150 at a constantly decreasing rate of speed while the-yarn y is traversed longitudinally of the receiver by the separate traverse-roll 160 which has a periodically accelerated and decelerated rate of movement under the action of the differential mechanism previously explained. The ,result will be the same, that is, a disruption of the synchrony between the rotation of the package and the traversing movement of-the yarn with respect thereto so that the piling and crowding of the coils is avoided and ribbon-winding eliminated.

It will be observed from the foregoing that the present invention provides a particularly simple and eflicient means for periodically varying the speed of any certain rotating element constituting a part of the drive for the winding machine whereby to effect a disruption in thesynchrony between two cooperating parts of the winding mechanism. The improved differential mechanism may be embodied directly in the drive of the machine and comprises a minimum number of elements compacted within a relatively small space. The rapidly rotating gears of the device are entirely enclosed to provide for their'lubrication and to prevent injury to the operator of the machine, and the mechanism is free from complication and not liable to become deranged or to get out of order.

Without limiting myself to the exact construction and arrangement of the parts of the device as herein shown, I claim:

1.' In a differential gearing for winding or like machines, the combination of a drive-shaft, a driven-shaft arranged in axial alinement with the drive-shaft, a gear fast on the driven-shaft, a driving-head fast on the drive-shaft, planetary pinions journaled on the driving-head in mesh with the gear on the driven-shaft, a ringgear arranged concentric of the axis of the shafts and in mesh with the planetary pinions, and means actuatedfrom the drive-shaft for oscillating the ring-gear to vary the speed of the pinions as they are revolved with the drivinghead to alternately accelerate and decelerate the speed of the driven-shaft.

2. In a differential gearing for winding. and

like machines, the combination of a driven-shaft, a drive-shaft extending in axial alinement with the driven-shaft, a gear fast on the end of the driven-shaft, a driving-head fast on the end of the drive-shaft, planetary pinions journaled on the driving-head in mesh with the gear on the driven-shaft, a ring-gear oscillatable about the axis of the shafts and in mesh with the planetary pinions, and means actuated from the drive-shaft to oscillate the ring-gear.

3. In a differential gearing for winding and like machines, the combination of a drivenshaft, a gear on said driven-shaft, a drive-shaft, a driving head on the drive-shaft arranged in axial alinement with the driven-shaft, planetary pinions journaled on the driving-head in mesh with the gear on the driven-shaft, a ring-gear mounted for oscillation about the axis of the driven-shaft and in mesh with the planetary pinions, and means actuated from the driveshaft to oscillate the ring-gear to impart a toand-fro rotative movement thereto to vary the speed of the planetary pinions and thereby the speed of the driven-shaft.

4. In a differential gearing for winding and like machines, the combination of a drive-shaft, a driven-shaft extending in axial alinement with the drive-shaft, a gear fast on the driven-shaft, a drivinghead fast on the drive-shaft, planetary pinions journaled on the driving-head in mesh with the gear on the driven-shaft, a gear-casing enclosing all of said gears and mounted for oscillation about the axis of the shafts, a ringgear fast in the gear-casing in mesh with the planetary pinions, and means actuated from the drive-shaft for oscillating the gear-casing to impart a to-and-fro rotative motion to the ringgear to vary the speed of the planetary pinions and thereby the speed of the driven-shaft. 5. In a differential gearing for winding and like machines, the combination of a drive-shaft, a driven-shaft arranged in axial alinement with the drive-shaft, a gear fast on the end of the driven-shaft, a driving-head fast on the end of the drive-shaft, planetary pinions journaled on the driving-head in mesh with the gear on the driven-shaft, a cylindrical gear-housing enclosing all the gears and mounted to oscillate about the axis of the shafts, a ring-gear secured within the annulus of the gear-housing and meshing with the planetary pinions, and means actuated from the drive-shaft to oscillate the gear-housing and ring-gear for the purpose specified. '6. In a differential gearing for winding and like machines, the combination of a drivenshaft for operating the machine, a gear fast on the driven-shaft, a drive-shaft arranged in axial alinement with the driven-shaft, a driving-head fast on the end of the drive-shaft, planetary pinions journaled on the driving-head in mesh with the gear on the driven-shaft, a two-part gear-casing rotatably supported on the alined shafts, a ring-gear fast with said casing in mesh with the planetary pinions, and means actuated from the drive-shaft to oscillate the gear-casing and thereby the ring-gear to vary the speed of rotation imparted to the driven-shaft by the drive-shaft.

ERNEST R. SWANSON.

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