US1964661A - Pressure apparatus for the drawing mechanism of textile machinery - Google Patents

Description

June 1934- F. CASABLANCAS 1,964,661

PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed D00. 29, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inu'nl'an Fernando Cauallancalr Z? ULEAM 9 June 26, 1934. CASABLANCAS 1,964,661

PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed Dec. 29, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 26,, 1934 i UNlTED STATES PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Fernando Casablancas, Sabadell, Spain Application December 29, 1931, Serial No. 583,757 In Spain January 15, 1931 Claims.

In the mechanisms used for drawing textile slivers or rovings, not only in the case of mechanisms composed solely of pairs of cylinders but also in the case of large drawing mechanisms 5 which comprise endless belts or other devices, it is always necessary to load the cylinders by means of weights so that they may exert the necessary pressure upon the sliver or roving, for the satisfactory operation of the mechanism.

This pressure is usually obtained by means of a connecting rod which acts upon the cylinders, either directly or else by means of a saddlepiece or pressure device which bears upon one or more of the pairs of cylinders. This connecting rod is operated by a weight which, in

some types of pressure mechanism, is suspended directly from the connecting rod, whilst, in other cases, the weight is suspended from a lever which I operates the connecting rod.

In pressure mechanisms hitherto used, if the weight be coupled direct to the connecting rod or if between the weight and the connecting rod there be inserted a lever, it will be found that when it is desired to relieve the cylinders from loadthat is to say to temporarily suppress the action of the weightit is necessary to commence by dismounting the weight and disconnecting the lever and the connecting rod, for which purpose it is necessary to pass the hands between the threads and the rovings and this not only renders the operation diflicult but, furthermore, also easily produces breakages both of the threads and of the rovings. In addition the connecting rods and the supports of the levers occupy the upper part of the cross-bar, of the spinning machine, upon which there are mounted the drawing mechanisms thus rendering difficult the operation of fitting and removing the cleaning brushes from the lower cylinders.

Now the object of this invention is a pressure mechanism for drawing mechanisms, in which the cylinders can be relieved from load, that is to say wherein it is possible to suppress the pressure exerted upon them, without its being necessary to dismount any part of the mechanism.

With the mechanism forming the subject matter of this invention in order to relieve the cylinders from load it is suificient to remove the connecting rod either by pulling the connecting rod upwards or by removing the pressure saddle with the hand, if such a saddle piece exists. The arrangement of the mechanism is such that, on

v releasing the connecting rod or the saddle piece they will remain in a raised position without touching the cylinders and without its having been necessary for this purpose to dismount the weight or any other part of the mechanism. When it is desired to exert pressure all that is necessary is to push downwards by hand the connecting rod or saddle piece, until it is supported upon the cylinders, and then the weight again exerts its action and suitably loads the cylinders. With this mechanism it is, furthermore, possible for the surface of the cross-bar or" the machine to be maintained free, which facilitates its cleaning, and the manipulation of the lower brushes.

The invention forming the subject matter of this patent consists in employing, for the transmission of the action of the weight to the connecting rod, a system of two levers which co-operate with each other in such a manner that one lever receives the action of the weight and transmits it to the other lever and this latter transmits it in its turn to the connecting rod. The form and arrangement of these two levers is such that, when they are in the working position, they remain in approximately a horizontal position one behind the other and the force of the weight is transmitted from the rear lever to the front one but, on the contrary, if the front end of the anterior lever be raised, this will cause the rear lever to turn and they both remain fixed in such a position that, even when the weight continues to act upon the rear lever, the action of said rear lever cannot cause the front lever to turn so that both levers remain motionless. when the connecting rod and the pressure member are raised. As soon as, the connecting rod is pushed downwards however, the anterior lever is again caused to oscillate and the two return to the normal working position in which the action of the weight is transmitted to the connecting rod.

In order to ensure efficient working of the levers and to avoid their slipping laterally and failing to act one upon the other it is advantageous to connect the co-operating ends of the levers by means of two links or plates arranged one at each side so that perfect alignment of the levers is assured and, furthermore, the operation of the mechanism is facilitated, thus ensuring that the two levers will always remain in contact at the said ends.

The system of levers according to this invention may be given different form and arranged in several ways, an example being shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 shows in side elevation a drawing mechanism for continuous spinning apparatus to 110 which there has been applied the pressure mechanism forming the subject of this invention, the parts being shown in the normal working position.

Figure 2 shows the same mechanism but in the position in which the pressure member is inoperative the levers having been oscillated and held fast.

Figure 3 is a detail of the method of articulating the front lever of the mechanism to the connecting rod, and

Figures 4 and 5 show two examples of modifications in the form of the levers.

The drawing mechanism shown in the drawings as an example of the application of this invention is a mechanism of large capacity employing guide belts, and includes a pair of feed cylinders 1, 2 and a pair of drawing cylinders 3, 4, between which there are located a pair of cylinders 5, 6 provided with guide belts '7 which travel with the sliver or roving to the drawing cylinders. In order to load these cylinders use is made in this mechanism of a pressure saddle-piece of a type already known such as disclosed in a prior Patent #1,760,'745 of the applicant, and composed of a rear part 8 which bears upon the cylinders 6 and 2 and a front part 9 which bears upon the cylinder 4. These two parts of the pressure member are coupled by means of a rod 10 fastened to the part 9, and which extends through an orifice in the part 8. The part 9 has articulated thereto a connecting rod 12 which transmits the action of the weight in order to load the cylinders. This method of transmitting power from the connecting rod to the cylinders has been shown merely by way of example, and'does not form a part of this invention as, in its place, use may be made of any suitable substitute.

The mechanism which serves to transmit the action of the weight to the rod 12, and which forms the object of this invention is constituted in the following manner. Upon the cross-bar 13 of the machine, which carried the drawing mechanisms, there are fixed at suitable distances a series of supports 14 and, mounted in these supports there are arranged two bars 15 and 16 which serve as axes respectively for the rotation of levers I7 and 18 corresponding to each one of the drawing mechanisms of the machine, that is to say to each rod 12. The lever 18 at its rear end carries a rod 19 from which there hangs the weight which loads the cylinders, and its front end 20 is fiat. Upon this end 20 there bears the rear end 21 of the lever 17 which has the form of a point or projection, whilst at the front end 22 of this same lever 17 there is articulated the pressure rod 12.

In the normal working position shown in Figure 1 the force of the weight hanging from the rod 19 tends to raise the end 20 of the lever 18, and, consequently, also the end 21 of the lever 17 and it also causes the descent of the end 22 of this same lever, thus transmitting a tractive N effect to the connecting rod 12.

The lever 17 has formed at its end 22 a slot 25, with which there engages the connecting rod 12, and which slot is partially closed by a part 23 rotatable round the pin 24 and actuated by a spring 26 which tends to close the said slot, as may be seen more clearly in detail in Figure 3.

In order to ensure thatv the two levers 17, 18 will always remain in the same plane, so that their ends may always be in contact, it is preferable to couple the ends of these two levers by means of two links or plates 27 attached to each other by means of pins or rivets 28, which pass through slots provided at the ends of the levers 17, 18.

When the mechanism is in the position shown in Figure l, the force of the weight which hangs from the connecting rod 19 is transmitted to the connecting rod 12 and to the pressure member 8, 9 and if it be desired to relieve the cylinders from load, that is to say to suppress the pressure exerted by this part 8, 9, it suihces to raise this pressure member by grasping the handle 11 and placing it in the position shown in Figure 2. By this movement the connecting rod 12 exerts a tractive eiTect upon the front end of the lever 17, compelling it to rotate, and in its turn this lever 17 causes the rotation of the lever 18 and, due to the special form of the ends of these levers, when both reach the position shown in Figure 2, the force exerted by the lever 18 upon the end of the lever 17 is above the dead centre and, consequently, the two levers remain fixed in position so that the lever 18 in spite of the action of the.

weight which hangs from the connecting rod 19 cannot cause the lever 17 to rotate. In this position the handle 11 of the pressure member can be released and the two levers remain in the position shown in Figure 2 and the pressure member remains also raised and rests, by means of the connecting rod 12, upon the hook of the lever 17.

When downward pressure is exerted with the hand upon the handle 11 of the pressure member, the connecting rod 12 again causes the lever 17 to rotate, thus returning it to the position shown in Figure 1 and the lever 18 partly due to the action of the weight hanging from the connecting rod 19, and partly through the action of the links used for articulation 27, turns in sympathy with the movement of the lever 1'7 and also returns to the position shown in Figure 1 in which the action of the weight is transmitted to the connecting rod 12 and to the pressure member 8, 9.

When the mechanism is in the position shown in Figure 2 it is easy to remove the pressure member 8, 9 and its connecting rod 12, in order to dismount the entire drawing mechanism, the connecting rod 12 being disengaged from the slot of the lever 17, for which purpose it is suflicient to exert a slight pull in a forward direction without varying in the slightest degree the position of the levers 17 and 18 shown in Figure 2.

In order to again then connect the rod 12 with the lever 17, it suiiices to introduce it intothe slot 25 with a slight pressure which causes the part 23 to rise soas to allow the end of the connecting rod to enter, the part 23 again descending due tothe pressure of the spring 26.

In Figure 1 it has been shown that the lever 18 has an eye-piece 29 for the articulation of the connecting rod 19 in order that, on raising this lever, and adopting the position shown in Figure 2, the connecting rod due to the action of the weight may move towards the left of the figure and so that in this way there may be shortened the arm of the lever upon which the weight acts. This arrangement, however, is not indispensable and in the Figures 4 and 5 there are represented two modifications of the arrangement of the levers in which this eye-piece does not exist.

In the arrangement according to Figure. 4 the eye-piece 29, for the suspension of the connecting rod 19, is replaced by a slot 31 andthe movable part 23, which closes the slot of the lever 17, is replaced by a spring which operates in asimilar manner.

In the modification shown in Figure 5 instead of using the two links 27 for the connection of the levers there is arranged at the front end of the lever 18 and at each side thereof a guide member 32 in such a manner that between the two parts a groove is formed the bottom of which is composed of the straight end 20 of the lever 18. Between these two guide members 32 there is placed the end 21 of the lever 17, and in order to prevent the two levers from becoming uncoupled the lever 17 is provided with a projection 33 which is adapted to co-operate with a slot 34 provided in the guiding members 32.

To permit of the convenient regulation of the pressure mechanism when mounting it upon a machine already in existence the supports 14 can be so arranged as to be regulatable as shown in Figures 1 and 2. For this purpose the support 14 has pivoted thereto a plate 36 by means of a screw 35 the position of which plates around the screw 35 being determined by means of a binding screw 37 which passes through a slot 38. The plate 36, which is regulatable in position, has attached thereto the bars 15 and 16; and the rear plate 14 having slots at the point where the bars pass therethrough, so as to permit of a movement of rotation on the part of the member 36 with a view to the desired regulation of the position of the two bars 15, 16.

I claim:-

1. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing textile slivers or rovings comprising a pair of levers arranged one behind the other, the rear lever provided along its inner end with a straight portion, the front lever having its outer end cut to provide a curved portion, means for connecting the levers to permit the curved portion to rest upon the straight portion, means carried by said rear lever whereby force is transmitted to the front lever, and means for operating the forward lever to rotate the rear lever until the forward lever reaches dead center of its rotary movement whereby both levers are locked against rotation.

2. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing textile slivers or rovings comprising a front and rear lever having contacting end portions, the said end portions adapted to have elongated slots cut therein, pins movable in said slots, and plates or links connected by the pins adjacent the contacting ends of the levers and movable therewith to initially hold the levers in alignment whereby the movement of the front lever in both directions causes the rear lever to rotate.

3. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing textile slivers or rovings provided with drawing cylinders comprising a pair of cross bars supported to extend in parallel alignment with the drawing cylinders, a pair of levers provided with arms and arranged to contact with each other, one of said levers mounted to pivot on one of the cross bars, the other lever mounted to pivot on the other cross bar, an arm of one of said levers adapted to carry a weight whereby pressure is transmitted through said levers, and means for rotating the other lever whereby both levers will rotate to assume a locked position against further movement of the same.

4. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing slivers or rovings provided with drawing cylinders, comprising a pair of levers connected together at one end to hold the ends in contact with each other, one of said levers cut to form a notch on its opposite end, a yoke pivotally mounted on said end portion of the lever and also cut to provide a notch therein, a pressure member mounted to engage the drawing cylinders, a rod connecting said pressure member with the notches formed in said lever and yoke, and means for flexibly holding the notches in alignment to secure the rod and also permit movement of the yoke to disconnect the parts.

5. In a pressure mechanism for apparatus for drawing textile slivers or rovings comprising a pair of levers arranged one behind the other,

means for connecting'the levers whereby force is transmitted from the rear lever to the forward lever, and means for operating the forward lever until the forward lever reaches dead center of its rotary movement whereby both levers are locked against rotation.

FERNANDO CASABLANCAS.

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