US1962859A - Compound wire - Google Patents

Compound wire Download PDF

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Publication number
US1962859A
US1962859A US582510A US58251031A US1962859A US 1962859 A US1962859 A US 1962859A US 582510 A US582510 A US 582510A US 58251031 A US58251031 A US 58251031A US 1962859 A US1962859 A US 1962859A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
silver
gold
covering
nickel
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US582510A
Inventor
Dietz Charles
Joseph O Whiteley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dentists Supply Company of New York
Original Assignee
Dentists Supply Company of New York
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dentists Supply Company of New York filed Critical Dentists Supply Company of New York
Priority to US582510A priority Critical patent/US1962859A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1962859A publication Critical patent/US1962859A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of rods or wire
    • B21C37/042—Manufacture of coated wire or rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3006—Ag as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3013—Au as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/34—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material comprising compounds which yield metals when heated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/225—Fastening prostheses in the mouth
    • A61C13/30—Fastening of peg-teeth in the mouth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/32—Wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12868—Group IB metal-base component alternative to platinum group metal-base component [e.g., precious metal, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12889—Au-base component

Definitions

  • Our invention has for an object the making of an improved article of manufacture in the form of gold covered wire, more particularly suitable for anchoring pins for artificial teeth and in which 5 the high fusing temperature of the nickel is utilized by the use of a proper covering thereof in the form of the more precious metals such as'silver and gold, with or without palladium or other metalof the platinum group.
  • These covering metals are especially useful in that they protect the nickel from the solvent action of the saliva or other secretions of the mouth and, in general, from oxidation or other chemical re-action due to atmospheric or other sources of attack.
  • a further object of our invention is to provide an under-layer of silver or silver alloy of suflicient thickness to insure a heavy shield to the nickel While permitting the use of a gold sheath or outer covering of lesser thickness than would otherwise be required, thereby materially cheapening the cost of the compound wire.
  • silver has a relatively lower melting point than either gold or nickel, it is desirable to raise the melting point of the silver covering to approximately that of gold, and to do this, we prefer to employ an alloy of silver with a metal having a high melting point, such as palladium or other metal of the platinum group which will raise the melting point of the alloy above the melting point of silver and more nearly approximating that of gold, so that when the wire is employed as pins in artificial teeth, the temperature which is required in the manufacturing operation will have less effect upon the alloy than would be the case with silver alone.
  • a metal having a high melting point such as palladium or other metal of the platinum group which will raise the melting point of the alloy above the melting point of silver and more nearly approximating that of gold
  • the compound bar as a whole is reduced to wire in the usual manner, the bar being rolled down and subsequently swaged and drawn through dies of the desired diameter. It is important to properly compute the thickness'of the tubes of silver and gold relatively to the diameter of the nickel core, as these thicknesses determine the ultimate thicknesses of the respective protecting covering layers about the nickel.
  • the silver shall be in the form of an alloy with palladium, and this alloy may be one in which the palladium varies from 10% to 30%, thereby providing silver in the greater quantity, namely, from 90% to We do not restrict our in respect to the amount of palladium employed, but the aim is to employ as little palladium as is possible while securing the desired higher fusing or melting point required.
  • An optional method is to weld a plate 01' gold to a plate of sliver of preferably greater thickness and this composite plate then drawn into a seamless tube with the gold on the outside.
  • the nickel core is inserted to the nickel core, may be united by means of hard silver solderwhich serves to unite the nickel core to the precious metal covering.
  • a composite metal wire having a core of base metal, an immediate protecting covering of silver alloy and an extreme outer covering of gold, said silver alloy containing silver and a metal of the platinum group having a relatively high melting point.
  • a composite metal wire having a core of base metal, an immediate protecting covering of silver alloy and an extreme outer covering of gold, said silver alloy containing silver and palladium in different proportions by weight.
  • a composite metal wire having a core of base metal, an immediate protecting covering of silver alloy and an extreme outer covering of gold, said silver alloy containing silver and a metal of relatively higher melting point.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Corsets Or Brassieres (AREA)

Description

Patented June 12, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE assignors to The Dentists Supply New York, a corporation of New Company of York i No Drawing. Application pec'mber 21, 1931,
Serial No. 582,510
4 Claims.
Our invention has for an object the making of an improved article of manufacture in the form of gold covered wire, more particularly suitable for anchoring pins for artificial teeth and in which 5 the high fusing temperature of the nickel is utilized by the use of a proper covering thereof in the form of the more precious metals such as'silver and gold, with or without palladium or other metalof the platinum group. These covering metals are especially useful in that they protect the nickel from the solvent action of the saliva or other secretions of the mouth and, in general, from oxidation or other chemical re-action due to atmospheric or other sources of attack.
A further object of our invention is to provide an under-layer of silver or silver alloy of suflicient thickness to insure a heavy shield to the nickel While permitting the use of a gold sheath or outer covering of lesser thickness than would otherwise be required, thereby materially cheapening the cost of the compound wire.
As a still further object, we prefer to form the inner sheath or covering, next to the nickel core, of an alloy composed of silver and palladium or other member of the platinum group, whereby a materially higher melting point is assured than where a silver layer alone is employed, and the use of which palladium provides a more desirable union between the gold and the inner sheath.
As silver has a relatively lower melting point than either gold or nickel, it is desirable to raise the melting point of the silver covering to approximately that of gold, and to do this, we prefer to employ an alloy of silver with a metal having a high melting point, such as palladium or other metal of the platinum group which will raise the melting point of the alloy above the melting point of silver and more nearly approximating that of gold, so that when the wire is employed as pins in artificial teeth, the temperature which is required in the manufacturing operation will have less effect upon the alloy than would be the case with silver alone. Furthermore, as it is desirable to use the smallest amount of gold possible as a protecting covering, because of economy, it is desirable to interpose between the nickel and the gold a covering metal of an alloy of silver with which the gold will weld or be easily soldered to by use of a silver-gold solder.
In carrying out our invention, we first prepare a bar of nickel and turn it down to a predetermined diameter, usually about one and onequarter inches. We then provide a seamless tube of silver or silver-alloy which tightly fits over necessity for so great a thickness of gold covering the bar of nickel. We next assemble upon the outside of the silver tube a seamless gold tube which closely fits to the silver tube, but is of relatively less thickness than that of the silver tube. The whole assembly is then preferably passed through which is called a pinching die to draw the precious metal sheathing portions snugly against the nickel core. The whole compound bar is then heated to a welding temperature and the precious metal sheaths welded to the nickel and to each other. When this is accomplish "l, the compound bar as a whole is reduced to wire in the usual manner, the bar being rolled down and subsequently swaged and drawn through dies of the desired diameter. It is important to properly compute the thickness'of the tubes of silver and gold relatively to the diameter of the nickel core, as these thicknesses determine the ultimate thicknesses of the respective protecting covering layers about the nickel.
As before stated, it is preferable that the silver shall be in the form of an alloy with palladium, and this alloy may be one in which the palladium varies from 10% to 30%, thereby providing silver in the greater quantity, namely, from 90% to We do not restrict ourselves in respect to the amount of palladium employed, but the aim is to employ as little palladium as is possible while securing the desired higher fusing or melting point required.
From the foregoing explanation of our invention, it will be seen that we retain the strong core of nickel or other suitable metal having a sheath or covering of silver or silver alloy which provides a protecting covering of greater thickness than the gold heretofore constituting a layer next to the nickel, the silver or silver alloy providing a resistant to the acids of the mouth and thereby reducing to a material extent the as was heretofore required. The resulting product has, therefore, a heavier protecting covering of gold plus silver (or silver alloy) than has heretofore been provided in a precious metal covering as an acid protection to the wire when utilized for anchoring pins for artificial teeth, and at the same time the cost has been materially reduced. While it is evident from this, that while our improved intermediate layer provides some further acid resistance than has heretofore been secured by a gold covering alone to the nickel, our structure preserves all of the beauty of appearance due to the retained lighter covering of gold.
An optional method is to weld a plate 01' gold to a plate of sliver of preferably greater thickness and this composite plate then drawn into a seamless tube with the gold on the outside.
Into this tube, the nickel core is inserted to the nickel core, may be united by means of hard silver solderwhich serves to unite the nickel core to the precious metal covering.
We have described our improved method and product in that particularity which we deem to be the best exposition of our invention, and that which we prefer in commercial practice, but we do not restrict or confine ourselves to the minor or secondary details, as such are susceptible of modification, which may be resorted to as a matter of mechanical skill and without a departure from the spirit of the invention.
Having thus described our invention, what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:
1. As an improved article of manufacture, a composite metal wire having a core of base metal, an immediate protecting covering of silver alloy and an extreme outer covering of gold, said silver alloy containing silver and a metal of the platinum group having a relatively high melting point.
2. As an improved article of manufacture. a composite metal wire having a core of base metal, an immediate protecting covering of silver alloy and an extreme outer covering of gold, said silver alloy containing silver and palladium in different proportions by weight.
3. As an improved article of manufacture, a composite metal wire having a core of base metal, an immediate protecting covering of silver alloy and an extreme outer covering of gold, said silver alloy containing silver and a metal of relatively higher melting point.
4. The improved article of manufacture recited in claim 2, wherein further, the article comprises a wire like pin.
CHARLES DIETZ.
JOSEPH O. WHITELEY.
US582510A 1931-12-21 1931-12-21 Compound wire Expired - Lifetime US1962859A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE744163C (en) * 1938-02-20 1944-01-11 Braunschweiger Huettenwerk G M Method of manufacturing composite bearing shells
US2754258A (en) * 1951-02-07 1956-07-10 Platers Res Corp Gold alloy plating
US3091026A (en) * 1958-11-13 1963-05-28 Engelhard Ind Inc Method of making wire
US20060267494A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-11-30 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Plasma processing device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE744163C (en) * 1938-02-20 1944-01-11 Braunschweiger Huettenwerk G M Method of manufacturing composite bearing shells
US2754258A (en) * 1951-02-07 1956-07-10 Platers Res Corp Gold alloy plating
US3091026A (en) * 1958-11-13 1963-05-28 Engelhard Ind Inc Method of making wire
US20060267494A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-11-30 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Plasma processing device

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