US1959471A - Manufacture of cables - Google Patents

Manufacture of cables Download PDF

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Publication number
US1959471A
US1959471A US525508A US52550831A US1959471A US 1959471 A US1959471 A US 1959471A US 525508 A US525508 A US 525508A US 52550831 A US52550831 A US 52550831A US 1959471 A US1959471 A US 1959471A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cable
conductors
cables
balance
wires
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Expired - Lifetime
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US525508A
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English (en)
Inventor
Haettner Axel Erik
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/02—Stranding-up

Definitions

  • the present invention has for its object a manufacturing method whereby inaccuracies in the manufacture may be compensated already during the manufacturing process so that the ready twisted cable obtains the wanted electrical prop erties.
  • the invention consists substantially therein that during the twisting operation the portions of the cable branches being subjected to the twisting are positively guided or otherwise actuated whereby the branches in the ready twisted cable are brought to change their mutual positions in correspondence with the fluctuations of the mutual coupling between the line branches as ascertained by measurement.
  • Figure 1 shows diagrammatically, and partially in perspective view an embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a detail of Figure 1 in plan view.
  • Figure 3 is a circuit diagram showing a method for automatic compensation.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 The arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 2 is particularly applicable to a quad twisted cable the line branches 1, 2, 3, 4 of which during the twisting procedure are wound off from rolls 5, 6, 7, 8 and in twisted condition are wound ona cable reel 9.
  • the line branches pass through guide holes in a stationary guide plate 10 and converge towards a nipple 11 through which the cable 12 passes in twisted condition.
  • the rolls 5, 6, 7, 8 are stationary journalled whereas the cable reel 9 is adapted to rotate about the axis of the cable 12.
  • the wires are on the one side connected to the corner points 21, 22, 23, 24 of a Wheatstones bridge D through sliding contacts 13,14, 15, 16 whereas the opposite ends are each connected to one terminal 17, 18, 19, 2 0
  • the four different links in said bridge include condensers C13, C14, C24 and C23. Between the points 21 and 22 an alternating current source 25 having a transformer 26 is connected up. Between the points 23, 24' a telephone receiver 27 is connected up together with its appertaining transformer 28. To the latter point of the bridge also the two stationary plates 29, 30 of a balance condenser K are connected the rotatable plate 31 of said condenser being connected to the point 21.
  • the parts of the wires 1, 2, 3, 4 being twisted are in the shown example adapted to be actuated by means of two devices A, B resembling shears the pivots 32, 33 of which are journalled in stationary bearings and of which the legs 34 and 35 at their outer ends carry rolls 36 and B'Trespec tively.
  • the shape and disposition of said rolls is easily understood by Figure 2.
  • Each roll is adapted to actuate one pair. of wires the rolls then, on account of their shape being contracted towards the ends, pressing the two wires in the ape pertaining pair of wires inwards and also in lateral direction so that the distance between the wires is increased.
  • each device A, B The two rolls in each device A, B are disposed on opposite sides of the wire bundle so that, upon actuating one device A, B, the rolls bring the appertaining wire pairs to wards each other while at the same time the wires within each of said wire pair are removed from eachother.
  • the legs 34, 35 of the devices A, B are connected with lines 40, 41 by means of links 38, 39 which lines over guide rolls 42, 43 extend to operating members 44, 45, each consisting of a drum 46, 47 at which the line is fixed and whereon it may be wound, and to handles 48, 49 by means of which the drum may be rotated the angular displacement being read off on a scale 50 and 51 respectively.
  • Helical springs 54, 55 disposedbetween the junction points 52, 53 of the links 38, 39 and the pivots 32, 33 tend to bring the rolls 36, 3'7 normally out of engagement with the wires.
  • the condition for a complete balancing of the cable properties may be expressed by the equation When this condition is complied with and the balance condenser K takes up its middle position consequently no current will pass through the telephone receiver 27. If, however, the balance during the twisting procedure is disturbed by any inaccuracy in the twisting this fact is indie cated by a sound in the telephone receiver 27. Such a disturbance of the balance may now according to the invention be compensated during the twisting operation by actuating the wires by means of the devices A, B.
  • the capacity between the wires 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 respectively is thus increased whereas simultaneously the capacity between the wires 1 and 4 or 2 and 3 respectively is reduced, which fact in the above equation corresponds to an increased value of the terms C13+C24 and a reduction in the valueof the terms 0144-023.
  • the balance condenser K may be used.
  • the balance condenser K is turned to the right which again indicates that compensation may be brought about by actuating the device B for which purpose the operating lever 49 is turned downward. Then the wires are actuated by the rollers 37 so that the mutual positions of the wires are changed as required.
  • the device B is held in operative position until the sound in the telephone receiver 27 disappears while at the same time the balance condenser takes up the middle position. The compensation may also take place without using the balance condenser which then is set in its middle position.
  • the sound in the telephone receiver is amplified whereas an actuation of the correct operating member brings about a weakening of the sound.
  • the wanted changes in the mutual coupling between the wires may also be brought about in another manner than by direct positive guidance of the wire in the manner above described. It is a known fact that also the pulling force in the wires being twisted exerts a certain influence upon the mutual positions of the wires in the ready twisted cable. This fact may be used for the present purpose in such a manner that for example the brake force applied to the different rollers 5, 6, 7, 8 is varied in correspondence to the changes in the balance occurring during the twisting procedure.
  • the coupling device K may be of different designs depending upon the electrical properties to be measured in the cable. Said device should however, preferably be adjustable in opposite directions from a middle position as in the shown embodiment in such a manner that it may bring about a temporary compensation of the unbalance upon using two actuating members A, B having opposite compensating actions.
  • the invention is not limited to quad twisted cables but may also be applied to cables where the line branches are twisted together to double lines or form duplex lines or the like. Further the invention may be applied also to other cables than telephone cables, such as telegraph cables.
  • Figure 3 shows a method of establishing an automatic compensation.
  • the shearlike devices A and B in Figure 1 are then adapted to be actuated directly or indirectly by means of magnets or relays 56 and 57.
  • the relays 56 and 5'? control the circuits of solenoids 70 and '71, which when energized exert a pull in the wires 40 and 41, respectively.
  • the circuits of the relays 56 and 57 include contact segments 58, 59 adapted to make contact with a contact arm 60 of the movable part of the balance condenser K.
  • Said circuits are also controlled by a supervising relay 61 included in the Wheatstone bridge D between the points 23 and 24 and adapted to be deenergized when the cable is complete ly balanced and the balance condenser K takes up its middle position but which becomes energized as soon as the balance is disturbed or when the condenser K is turned in the one or the other 00 direction.
  • the rotatable part 31 of the balance condenser is adapted to be oscillated about its middle position either manually or by means of a suitable driving device.
  • the relay 61 will be energized, as mentioned above, when the rotatable part of the condenser takes up its middle position. Upon a continued movement of said part in the one or the other direction from middle position to a temporary position compen- 1' sation takes place at a certain angular position of the condenser the relay 61 then being deenergized and closes at its contact 62 a circuit through the one or the other of the relays 66, 6'7 and a battery 63. The one of said relays which then is ener- 1' gized attracts its armature and actuates the appertaining device A, B.
  • the relay connects itself into a holding circuit over its contact 64 or 65 whereby the relay is held in operative position until the balance is restored.
  • the relay 61 will be deenergized and the contact arm 60 will close a circuit for a relay 67.over a contact 66 said relay then being energized and interrupting the circuit at its com tact 68 for the one of the relays 56, 57 being operative for the time being.
  • the relay 56 or 57 in question is thus deenergized whereby the device A or B again takes up its normal inoperative position.
  • a method of compensating cross-talk couplings 140 consisting in measuring the cross-talk couplings during the twisting operation and compensating for changes in the balance by changing the mutual positions of the cable conductors in the course of the twisting operation in accordance 145 with the variations ofthe couplings as ascertained by said measurements.
  • an arrangement for compensating cross-talk couplings comprising a device for variably actuating the cable conductors during the twisting operation to change the mutual positions of the conductors, means for operating said device to change the mutual positions of the conductors and a measuring device connected to the conductors and adapted to indicate temporary deviations from the wanted coupling properties.
  • an arrangement for compensating cross-talk couplings comprising a rotating twist: ing nipple, adjustable stationary guides for guiding the cable conductors into said twisting nipple, means for operating said guides to change the mutual positions of the conductors, and a measuring device connected to the conductors and adapted to indicate temporary deviations from the wanted coupling properties.
  • an arrangement for compensating cross-talk couplings comprising means for variably actuating the cable conductors during the twisting operation to change the mutual positions of the conductors, a measuring device connected to the conductors and adapted to respond to variations in the coupling between the conductors, and an operating device for said actuating means controlled by said measuring device so as to compensate automatically for variations in the coupling.
  • an arrangement for compensating cross-talk couplings comprising means for variably actuating the cable conductors during the twisting operation, a measuring device connected to the conductors and comprising a relay device (61) adapted to respond to variations in the coupling, and a variable coupling element (K) adapted to be set in opposite directions from a neutral position for the purpose of bringing about a temporary compensation of the unbalance and an operating device for said actuating means arranged under the control of said relay device and said coupling element so as to compensate automatically for variation in the coupling.
  • the operating device comprises two members having opposite compensating actions and adapted to be operated by means ofjtwo corresponding relays the circuits of which are controlled by the relay device and the coupling element.
  • the operating device comprises two members having opposite compensating actions which are adapted to be restored into inoperative positions by means of a relay (67) brought into operation when the balance is restored and the coupling element takes up its neutral middle position.
  • an arrangement for compensating 110 cross-talk couplings comprising means for variably actuating the cable conductors during the twisting operation, a measuring device connected to the conductors and comprising a relay device (61) adapted to respond to variations in the coupling, and a variable coupling element (K) adapted to be set in opposite directions from a neutral position for the purpose of bringing about a temporary compensation of the unbalance, an operating device for said actuating means arranged under the control of said relay device and said coupling element and comprising two operating members having opposite compensating actions, two operating relays for said operating members, a restoring relay for said operating 125 members arranged to operate when the balance is restored and the coupling element takes up its neutral middle position, and holding circuits for said operating relays controlled by said restoring relay. 130

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
US525508A 1930-04-01 1931-03-26 Manufacture of cables Expired - Lifetime US1959471A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1959471X 1930-04-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1959471A true US1959471A (en) 1934-05-22

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Family Applications (1)

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US525508A Expired - Lifetime US1959471A (en) 1930-04-01 1931-03-26 Manufacture of cables

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US (1) US1959471A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR713803A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL36498C (en(2012))

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL36498C (en(2012))
FR713803A (fr) 1931-11-03

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