US1959372A - Condenser construction - Google Patents

Description

May 22, '1934. R. A. LANE 1,959,372'

CONDENSER CONSTRUCTION Filed May 23, 1930 lll/11114,'

BY ,www

ATTORNEY Patented May- 22, 1934 UNITED STATES CONpENsEn CONSTRUCTION Raymond A. Lane, Elmhurst, N. Y., assignor to Products Protection Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Application May 23, 1930, Serial No. 455,069

34 Claims. (Cl. 175-41) This invention relates to electrical condensers.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide an electrical condenser which is thoroughly practical and highly eflicient. Another Objectis to provide a construction of the above nature which is capable of dependably meeting the exacting requirements of high potential work. Another object is to provide a construction of the above nature wherein insulating dimultiesare greatly minimized and moreover in a thoroughly practical, inexpensive and reliable manner. Another object is to provide a construction of the above nature which is compact and affords high electrical capacity per unit of volume. Another object is to provide a construction of` the above nature wherein safe insulation is provided between parts of different potential without undue bulk. Another object is to provide a Construction of the above nature which is simple and convenient to assemble. Another object is to provide a construction of the above nature which is strong and rugged and capable of affording long and dependable service under the conditions of hard practical use. Other objects will be in part obvious or in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangements of parts as will be exemplified in the structure to be hereinafter described and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawing, in which is shown one of the various possible embodiments of this invention,

Figure 1 is a vertical central sectional view, certain parts being shown in elevation, of my assembled condenser construction, and

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view as seen along the line 2--2 of Figure 1.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawmg.

Referring now to the drawing in detail, and rst to Figure l, there is shown'a container or 45 tank l0 which is preferably substantially circular in cross-section and which is constructed of pressed steel, the end 11 thereof, or the bottom of the tank as viewed in the drawing, being integral with the sides or body of the tank. This cylindrical construction affords a maximum of rigidity and strength with a given weight of metal and also achieves other advantages to be pointed out hereinafter. The other end of the tank is closed by a closure or cover 12 which is' -secured in place preferably by welding. The

cover 12 is of a rounded or arched contour and its periphery is shapedto t within the walls of the upper end portion of the tank 10. In assembling the tank and cover, the cover is inserted into the end of the tank and thereupon the end portions 10El of the tank walls are bent over against the rounded outer surface of the cover and welded thereto.

'Ifhe container construction thus provided is well adapted to withstand substantial internal pressures.

The condenser construction contained within this tank l0 is made up preferably of a plurality of condenser sections each of which is preferably substantially circular in shape. The sections are preferably arranged face to face to form a stack extending lengthwise or axially of the cylindrical tank and. preferably the axes or centers of these circular sections coincide with the axis of the tank itself. To achieve certain coactions and certain advantages, some of which will be pointed out hereinafter, the diameters of these sections vary in predetermined manner. Preferably, also, the sections are so connected, all as will bedescribed more clearly hereinafter, as to provide two separate condensers connected in parallel.

Considering first the construction of the individual sections, reference might first be made to the lowermost section shown in Figure 1 of the drawing; this section is indicated at 60 and com- 85 prises preferably metal foil plate elements 51 alternated with solid dielectric material, such as a suitable paper, indicated at 52. The plate members 51 may be connected in any suitable manner, but preferably alternate plates are connected together to form, out of the section 60, a single condenser made up of a plurality of interleaved foil plates.

The stacked sections are insulated from each other by suitable plate-like members 53 of solid 95 dielectric material, such as, for example, pressboard, and the assembled or stacked sections are held in tightly compressed and alined relation by means of the relatively heavy metal end or pressure plates 19 and 20, the former at the upper end 100 of the stack and the latter at the lower end of the stack, these pressure plates being in turn held together by tie rods 21. The tie rods 21 may be of any suitable number and illustratively are shown in Figure 2 as being four in number. The 105 pressure plates 19 and 20 are preferably circular in form and of an outside diameter adapted to fit them snugly within the cylindrical casing or tank 10. The tie rods 21 are preferably uniformly distributed about the peripheries of these pressure plates 19 and 20. Suitable nuts 24, threaded konto the respective ends of the tie rods 21, serve to achieve the desired adjustment of the pressure at which the stacked condenser sections are held in assembled relation.

Suitably secured within the closure or cover member 12 is a ring 22, conveniently Welded thereto, and having the upper ends of the tie rods 21 pass through suitable openings therein, nuts 23 and 25, one on either side of the ring member 22, being threaded onto the tie rods 21, thus to hold the condenser construction in assembled relation with respect to the closure member 12, the nuts permitting such adjustment to be made as will cause the axis of the closure member 12 to coincide with the axis of the stacked condenser sections.

After certain connections, described in detail hereinafter, have been made, the closure or cover member 12, with the condenser construction suspended therefrom by means of the tie rods 21, isthen assembled with respect to the casing 10, the stacked condenser sections passing downwardly into the casing 10 and the cover member 12 tting into the upper open end of the casing or tank 10, whereupon the cover is welded to the casing 10 in the manner already hereinabove described.

In so far as certain features of my invention are concerned, I make these circular condenser sections substantially torus-shaped, each plate member 51 and each sheet of insulation 52 thereofhaving a central round opening therein to provide a passage through each section. The sections of each of the two condensers which, as above noted, are to be connected in parallel, are connected in series in any suitable manner, but preferably I position the two terminals of each condenser section on the wall of the passage through the section and serially interconnect such sections as are to be connected in series by means of connecting conductors that are thus positioned in the axial passage formed by the alined openings through the alined sections.

By way of illustration I connect in series the upper half of the sections in the stack and connect in series the sections in the lower half of the stack, thus to form an upper anda lower condenser. By way of illustration I have shown twenty-four stacked sections, twelve for each condenser, but it is to be understood that this is merely by way of illustration and that any other .suitable number of sections may be employed. Sections 30-41 are connected in series by means of the connecting conductors 42 and sections -71 are connected in series by the connecting conductors 72, these connecting conductors, as

appears clearly from Figure 1, being positioned Within the central passage formed by the axially alined openings in the alined sections.

The free terminal 43 of the uppermost end section 30 is connected by a conductor 44, passing through the opening in the pressure plate 19 which its also ring-shaped, to the end pressure plate 19 itself, the connection of the conductor 44 being conveniently made by way of the nut 24 on the tie rod 21. This terminal 43, therefore, of the section 30 and-which section, as will be made clearer hereinafter, is the section of lowest voltage of the serially connected 4sections that form the upper condenser, is ,thus grounded to the cas- Aing or tank itself so that the potential of these two parts will be the same.

T he free terminal 73 of the lowermost end section 60 and which section is, as will be made clearer hereinafter,` the section of lowest potential of the serially connected sections that make up the lower condenser, is grounded by means of the conductor 74, connected to the tie rod 21 by way of the nut 24, to the casing 10, these parts being thus made to assume the same potential.

'I'he free terminals 45 and 75 of the adjacent sections 41 and 71, respectively, and which sections form the other end sections of the two condensers, are connected together, by suitable conductors, to a high voltage conductor 50, the latter taking the part preferably of a rigid tubular member extending from substantially the midpoint of the casing 10 upwardly through the passage formed by the alined openings in the sections 30-41 and thence through the closure member 12, from which it is insulated by any suitable construction generally indicated at 53, suitable means 54 being provided exteriorly of the high voltage terminal construction 51 to permit electrical connection to be made thereto.

The high potential terminal or insulator construction generally indicated at 53 is positioned and so related that the rigid high potential conductor 50 is held, with respect to the casing 10, to be substantially coincident-with the axis of the cylindrical casing 10 and hence, where the openings in the condenser sections forming the central passage are circular, the high voltage conductor 50 is thus substantially coincident with the axis of this passage.

As above noted, the diameters of the condenser sections vary and, where the condenser sections surround the high voltage conductor 50, the diameters of the openings in the sectionsvary also.

Considering rst the variation in the diameters of the openings that form the passage for the high voltage lead 50, it might first be noted that the lead 50 is at a high potential and that, the condenser sections ranging from the lower section 41 of the upper condenser to the uppermost end section 30 thereof, are of progressively lower potentials, the total potential impressed upon the condenser being accounted for by the successive reactance drops in these sections. The potential diierence between the high voltage lead 50 and the sections of the upper condenser thus progressively increases as the condenser is traversed in a direction from the lower section 41 to the uppermost section 30. The diameters of the openings in these sections is made to increase as the potential differences between the sections and the high voltage lead 50 increase, thus to achieve increasing thicknesses of the gaseous dielectric under pressure between these parts as the potential differences increase. Similarly, the connectors 42 are progressively more distant from the high voltage lead 50 as the potential differences between'these connectors and the lead 50 increase, the connectors being likewise insulated from the lead 50 by the gaseous dielectric under pressure filling the passage.

Because of the high dielectric strength of the gaseous dielectric under pressure, the spacings between the sections and the high voltage lead 50 may be made much smaller than would otherwise be the case.

The section 41 being the section of highest voltage of the sections forming the.upper condenser and having one of its terminals connected y to the high voltage lead 50, the spacing between the walls. of the passage through the section 41 and the high voltage conductor 50 may be made smallest while this spacing is the greatest between the section 30 and the lead 50, the latter being at the highest potential and the section 30 being at the lowest and in practice at zero or ground potential. The diameters of the openings through the sections that are intermediate of the sections 30 and 41 vary progressively between the above-mentioned smallest and largest spacings.

In order, however, to facilitate manufacture and avoid the necessity of having an unduly large number of differently dimensioned parts, I prefer to arrange the sections of each condenser in groups and make the sections in each group of like dimensions. Illustratively I have shown the sections 30-41 arranged in three groups, namely, sections 30-33 forming one group and being similarly dimensioned and sections 38-41 forming another group and being similarly dimensioned, but it is to be understood that any other suitable number of groups may be used. The diameters of the openings in the sections of any one group are therefore the same and the diameter of the opening` in the sections of any one group is dimensioned to provide a spacing filled with the gaseous dielectric under pressure sufficient to withstand safely the potential difference between the high voltage conductor 50 and that section of the group that is of lowest potential.

The variation in the size of the openings in the sections is a feature which, aside from achievling the unique advantages and coactions above pointed out, particularly with respect to the high voltage lead 50, coacts in a highly advantageous manner with certain other features of my invention. As above noted the outside diameters of the circular sections vary. This variation in outside diameter of the sections is such that the section of lowermost voltage, for example, section 30 of the upper condenser or section 60 of the lower con denser, is of greatest diameter and is thus most closely spaced to the tie rods 21 and to the inside walls of the casing 10 while the section of highest voltage, such as the end section 41 of the upper condenser or the adjacent end section "I1 of the lower condenser, is of smallest diameter and hence is more remotely spaced from the tie rods 21 and the inside walls of the casing 10; sections intermediate of these end sections vary in diameter progressively but preferably in steps in accordance with the increasing potential differences between the sections and the tie rods or the casing 10. The spaces between the sections and the walls of the container or the tie rods 21 are filled with the gaseous dielectric under pressure and thus the thickness of the layer of gaseous dielectric under pressure increases as the potential differences between the sections and the parts supporting the condenser increase. Here again, due to the high dielectric strength of the preferred form of dielectric that I employ these spacings may be made much smaller than would otherwise be the case.

To avoid the necessity of having too many sections of different outside diameters, I again group the sections with respect to their outside diameters and thus make the outside diameter of the sections 30-33 the same, and similarly the outside diameter of the sections 34-37 of the next group are the same, though smaller than the diameter of the sections of the first above-mentioned group, and so on. Here again, the outside diameter is so chosen as to provide an intervening space lled with the dielectric that will withstand safely the potential difference betweenthat section of the group that has the highest potential with respect to the casing.

The sections 60-71 of the lower condenser are arranged and shaped substantially similarly, as has above been described in connection with the sections 30-41, the sections of the lower condenser being also preferably annular or torus-shaped though it will be understood that, if desired, the plate members of the sections 60-'71 of the lower condenser may be made disk-shaped and hence free from the openings that form the passage therethrough, since the high voltage conductor 50 terminates at the center of the stack and need not pass downwardly through the lower condenser'. I prefer, however, to make the lower condenser sections identical t`o the sections of the upper condenser since the manufacture and assembly are facilitated, equal capacities of the two condensers are more readily achieved, and, furthermore, I thus provide a central passage extending entirely through the stacked condenser sections for the circulation of the gaseous dielectric under pressure to achieve adequate dissipation of such heat losses as might take piace in the condenser.

As above pointed out, the variation in the inside diameters of the condenser sections coacts in a unique way with the variation in the outside diameters thereof. As will be clear from the foregoing and as is clearly shown in Figure 1 of the drawing, as the outside diameters of the sections of one condenser decrease, the inside diameters likewise decrease. Hence, while the decrease in outside diameters of the successive sections acts in a direction to diminish the available plate areas in the sections, and hence acts in a direction toward diminishing the capacities of the sections, the accompanying decrease in inside diameters of the sections acts in the opposite direction, namely, in a direction to increase the available plate areas and hence to increase the capacities of the sections; thus the change in the one dimension is made to counteract the effects of the other. Since, under certain circumstances, these eiects cannot be made to counter-balance each other entirely while retaining the same number of plate elements in each section, I may and preferably do increase the number of plate elements in Ythose sections of diminishing dimensions. This feature I have indicated in Figure 1 of the drawing, and it will be noted that the sections 38-41 of one group, likewise the sections 684-71 of the corresponding group of the other condenser, are of greater axial extent or thickness than the sections of the next adjacent group, while the sections of the last-mentioned group are of greater axial extent than the sections of the next adjacent group, and so on, the number of plate elements in the sections varying substantially with the axial extent of the sections. Thus I may under any circumstances achieve a nice equalization of the capacities of all of the sections, likewise equalizing the reactance drops in the sections, and likewise facilitating the grading of the spacings of the various sections from the parts from which they are to be insulated.

The arrangement of the two condensers in parallel and stacked end to end with their high voltage end sections adjacent each other, in coaction with the features above poined out, achieves a dependable and efficient insulation of the various parts from each other, not only are the sections of higher voltage dependably insulated in a lateral direction from the supporting or encasing siructure, but also these sections of higher voltage are insulated from the respective opposite ends of the casing by condenser sections of respectively intermediate voltages. The various features of my invention lbil either individually or in coaction with one or more others make it possible for me to achieve a very high electrical capa'cityper unit volume of the ultimate construction.

It will thus be seen that there has been provided in this invention a condenser construction in which the various objects hereinabove noted, together with many thoroughly practical advantages, are successfully achieved. It will be seen that the apparatus is of a thoroughly practical nature, is capable of rapid and inexpensive manufacture and that its electrical action is dependable and of high eciency.

As many possible embodiments may be made of the above invention and as many changes might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter hereinbefore set forth, or shown in the accompanying drawing, is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. In condenser construction, in combination, a cylindrical sealed casing having therein a gaseous dielectric under pressure, two condensers therein, each made up of a plurality of condenser elements arranged in series, the plate elements being of annular form and arranged crosswise of said casing and with their axes substantially coincident with the axis ofl said casing, said two condensers being arranged end `to end with the relatively high voltage ends thereof adjacent each other and with the relatively low voltage ends thereof respectively 4adjacent the ends of said casing, the relatively high voltage elements being of smaller outside diameter than the relatively low voltage elements, thereby to provide increasing thicknesses of the gaseous dielectric between said elements and the interior walls of said casing as the voltage of said elements increases, and said relatively high voltage elements being of smaller inside diameter than the relatively low, voltage elements, thereby to provide an inside passage of increasing cross-section in a direction from the high voltage elements toward the low voltage elements, means grounding the relatively low voltage ends of said two condensers to said casing, a common high voltage terminal construction for making electrical connection from the exterior of said casing, and a high voltage lead extending from the relatively high 'voltage ends of said two condensersV along said passage to said terminal construction.` A

2. In condenser construction, in combination, a cylindrical sealed casing having therein a gaseous dielectric under pressure, two condensers therein, each made up of a plurality of condenser elements arranged in series, the plate elements being of circular form and, arranged crosswise of said casing and with their axes substantially coincident with the axis of said casing, said two condensers being arranged end to end with the relatively high voltage ends thereof adjacent each other and with the relatively low voltage ends thereof respectively adjacent the ends of said casing', the relatively high voltage elements being of smaller dimensions in a direction crosswise of said casing than the relatively low voltage elements, thereby to provide increasing thicknesses of the gaseous dielectric between said elements and the interior walls of said casing as the voltage of said elements increases, one of said condensers having its elements centrally apertured and the apertures in the low voltage elements being larger than the apertures in the high voltage elements, and a conductor extending from the adjacent high voltage ends of said condensers along the axis of one of said condensers and through said apertures, whereby said elements are insulated from said conductor by thicknesses of gaseous dielectric that increase as the potential diierence therebetween increases.

3. In condenser construction, in combination, a cylindrical sealed casing having therein a gaseous dielectric under pressure, two condensers therein, each made up of a plurality of condenser elements arranged in series, the plate elements being of circular form and arranged crosswise of said casing and with their axes substantially coincident with the axis of said casing, said two condensers being arranged end to end with the relatively high voltage 'ends thereof adjacent each other and with the relatively low voltage ends thereof respectively adjacent the ends of said casing, the relatively high voltage elements being of smaller dimensions in a direction crosswise of said casing than the relatively low voltage elements, thereby to provide increasing thicknesses of the gaseous dielectric between said elements and the interior walls of said casing as the voltage of said elements increases, a high voltage lead carried by and insulated from an end wall of said casing and extending in the direction of the axis of said casing through a passage formed through one of said condensers to and in connection with the adjacent high voltage ends of said two condensers.

4. In condenser construction, in combination, a plurality of condenser sections arranged substantially face to face in a stack and serially connected in order from one end of said stack to the other, a passage extending through said stack andincreasing in sectional area from the high tension end of the stack toward the low tension end thereof, and a conductor vconnected to the high tension end of said stack and passing outwardly through said passage substantially along its center line.

5. In condenser construction, in combination, a container, a plurality of condenser sections within said container arrangedlsubstantially face to face therein, and comprising sections of relatively high potential and sections of relatively low potential, said sections of relatively high potential being remote from a wall of said container, and a lead connected to the section of highest potential and passing outwardly through a passage formed through sections of lower potential and through said wall.

6. In condenser construction, in combination, a container, a plurality of condenser sections therein serially connected and arranged with sections of low potential adjacent a wall of said container and with sections of high potential remote from said wall, and a high potential lead passing from the section of highest potential outwardly toward said wall by way of a'passage extending through the sections of lower potential, said passage increasing in cross-sectional Aarea as the difference in potential between said lead and the condenser sections adjacent thereto increases.

7. In condenser construction, in combination, a plurality of condenser sections each comprising conducting plates and a dielectric therebetween, the individual plates of certain of said sections being of greater surface area than those of other sections, and the sections having plates of lesser surface area including a greater number of said plates thereby to substantially equalize the electrical capacity of said sections.

8. In condenser construction, in combination, a container, a .plurality of condenser sections within said container comprising sections of 'relatively high potential and sections of relatively low potential, said sections comprising conducting plates and a dielectric therebetween, and the plates of said sections of relatively high potential being of lesser dimensions than the plates of said sections of relatively low potential whereby said sections of relatively high potential are spaced from the walls'of said container a greater distance than are said sections of relatively low potential, a high voltage terminal in that wall oi said container that is adjacent the low potential section of said condenser, said sections having a passage therethrough, and conducting means extending through said passage to said terminal from .the relatively remote high potential section.

said sections of relatively low potential thereby tov substantially equalize the said sections.

10. In condenser construction, in combination,

plate surface area of a casing, and a condenser therein comprising sections of relatively high potential and sections of relatively low potential, said sections of relatively high'potential being of lesser dimensions transversely of said casing than are the sections of relatively low potential whereby said sections c of higher potential are spaced a greater distance froml the side walls of said casing than are the sections of lower potential, said sections having therein a passage, and conducting' means for interconnecting Y said sections, said conducting Vmeans being in said passage.

, 11. In condenser construction, in combination, a container, a plurality of condenser sections therein comprising sections of relatively high potential and sections of relatively low potentialv arranged in a stack, the sections of relatively high potential being of lesser dimensions transversely of said stack than are the sections of relatively low potential whereby said sections of higher potential are spaced from the walls of said container a greater distance than are the sections of lower potential, and each of saidsections having substantially the same electrical capacity.

12. In condenser construction, in combination, a container, a plurality of sets of condenser sections therein, each of said sets comprising a stack of condenser sections serially connected in order from one end to the other and arranged with its high tension end adjacent a middle portion of said container, and a common high tension lead for said stacks passing outwardly from the middle portion of said container through a passage formed through one of said stacks.

13. In condenser construction, in combination, a container, a plurality of sets of condenser sections therein, each of said sets comprising a stack of condenser sections serially connected in order from one end to the other and arranged with its high tension end adjacent a middle portion of said container, and the relatively high tension sections of each stack being of lesser dimensions transversely of the stack than are `the relatively low tension sections thereof." j

14. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of substantially cylindrical cross-section, a condenser therein comprising condenser sections of relatively high potential and sections .of relatively low potential arranged in a stack extending coaxial with and lengthwise of said tank, each of said sections being substantially annular in shape, and connectors for said sections, said connectors being contained within the axial passage formed interiorly of the condenser .by said annular sections.

15. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of substantially cylindrical cross-section, a condenser therein comprising condenser sections of relatively high potential and sections of relatively low potential arranged in a stack extending coaxial with and lengthwise of said tank, each of said sections being` apertured substantiallycentrally thereof to form a passage therethrough, high potential means in an end wall of said tank, and means interconnecting said sections of said condenser and leading to said -terminal means, said interconnecting means including a rigid conductor in electrical connection with said terminal means and extending through the passage formed by the apertures in said sections, and section connectors accommodated in said passage. Y

16. In condenser construction, in combination,

' a plurality of condenser sections each comprising conducting plates and interposed dielectric and arranged substantially face to face in a stack, said condenser sections being substantially ring- IGZ shaped, and`connecting means positioned interiorly of said rings serially connecting said sections.

17. In condenser construction, in combination, a substantially cylindricaltank, two stacks of condenser sections therein positioned end 'to end coaxial with and extending lengthwise of said tank, each of said stacks being of substantially circular cross-section and comprising condenser sections of relatively high potential and sections of relatively low potential, the relatively high potential sections of said two stacks being positioned at the adjacent inner ends thereof, and a common high potential lead for said two stacks passing outwardly through an end wall of said tank by way of a passageextending lengthwise through one of said stacks from high to low potential sections.

18. In condenser construction, in combination, a substantially cylindricaln tank, two stacks of condenser sections therein positioned end to end and extending lengthwise of said tank, each of said stacks being of substantially circular crosssection and comprising condenser sections of relatively high potential and sections of relatively low potential, the relatively high potential sections of said two stacks being positioned at the adjacent inner ends thereof, and a common high potential lead for said two stacks passing outwardly through an end wall of said tank by way of a passage extending lengthwise through one of said stacks, said passage increasing in crosssectional area toward its outer end.

19. In condenser construction,in combination, a plurality of stacksy of'condenser sections, each of said stacks comprising a plurality of condenser sections connected in series, and a comthroughv one of said mon high tension lead for said stacks passing outwardly in an axial direction through one thereof.

20. In condenser construction, in combination, a plurality of condenser sections arranged substantially face to face in a stack and having substantially alined openings therethrough, means serially connecting said sections, and a high tension lead passing axially through the passage formed by said alined openings.

21. In condenser construction, in combination, a plurality of condenser sections arranged substantially face to face in a stack and having substantially alined openings therethrough, means serially connecting said sections, a high tension lead passing axially through'the passage formed by said alined openings, and said passage varying in cross-sectional area along its length commensurately with the difference in voltage between said lead and the condenser section adjacent thereto.

22. In condenser construction, in combination, a cylindrical sealed casing having therein a gaseous dielectric under pressure, two condensers therein, each made up of a plurality of condenser elements arranged in series, theplate elements being of circular form and arranged cross- -wise of said casing and with their axes substantially coincident with the axis of said casing, said two condensers being arranged end to end with the relatively Vhigh voltage ends thereof adjacent each other and with the relatively low voltage ends thereof respectively adjacent the ends of said casing, the relatively high voltage elements being of smaller dimensions in a direction cross- Wisevof said casing than the relatively low voltage elements, thereby to provide increasing thicknesses of the gaseous dielectric between said elements and the interior walls of said casing as the voltage of said elements increases, a high voltage lead carried by and insulated from an end wall of said casing and extending in the direction of the axis of said casing 'through a passage formed condensers to and in connection with the adjacent high voltage ends of said two condensers, said passage having a greater cross-sectional area than said high voltage lead and the space about said high voltage lead being lled with said gaseous dielectric under pressure. 23. In condenser construction, in combination,

, a cylindrical sealed casing having therein a gaseous dielectric under pressure, two condensers therein, each made up of a plurality of condenser elements arranged in series, the plate elementsv being of circular form and arranged crosswise of said casing and with their axes substantially coincident with the axis of said casing, said two condensers being arranged end to end with the relatively high voltage ends thereof adjacent each other and with the relatively lowl voltage ends thereof -respectively adjacent the ends of said casing, the relatively high voltage elements being of smaller dimensions in a direction crosswise of said casing than the relatively low voltage elements, whereby to provide increasing thicknesses of the gaseous dielectric between said elements and the interior walls of said casing as the voltage of said elements increases, a high voltage lead carried by and insulated from an end wall of said casing and extending in the direction of the axis of said casing through a passage formed through one of said condensers to and in connection with the adjacent high voltage ends of said two condensers, said passage having a greater a substantially cylindrical casing having therein a gaseous dielectric under pressure,a plurality of condenser sections within said container mounted coaxially and arranged substantially face to face therein, each section comprising a plurality of foil plates with solid dielectric material interposed therebetween, the plane of said sections extending transversely of the axis of said casing, said sections being of annular cross-section, conductive lead means extending through the openings of said sections, the outside diameters of said sections varying as the potential differences between said sectionsand the walls of said container increase, thereby to provide increasing thicknesses of the layer of gaseous dielectric under pressure interposed between the sections and the wall of said casing, and the inside diameters of said sections varying as the potential diierences between said sections andsaid lead means varies, thereby to provider varying thicknesses of the layer of gaseous dielectric under pressure between said sections and said lead means.

25. In condenser construction, in combination, a substantially cylindrical casing having therein a gaseous dielectric under pressure, a plurality of condenser sections within said container arranged substantially face to face therein, each section comprising a plurality of foil plates with solid dielectric material interposed therebetween, the plane of said sections extending transversely of the axis of said casing, lsaid sections being of annular cross-section, whereby said sections provide a substantially central passage therealong, means including a plurality of tie rods extending lengthwise of said casing and distributed about the exterior of said face to face sections for holding the latter in assembled relation, the diameters of said sections progressively decreasing as the potential differences between said sections `and said tie rods increase, thereby to provide increasing thicknesses of gaseous dielectric under pressure between said rods and the exterior of said sections as the relative potential differences therebetween increase, and conductive means extending along said centralV passage for making electrical connection with said sections, the inside diameters of said sections progressivelyJ decreasing as the potential diierences between said sections and said conductive means decrease, thereby to provide increasing thicknesses of gaseous dielectric under pressure between said conductive means and the interior of said sections as the relative potential diierences therebetween increase.

26. In condenser construction, in combination, a cylindrical casing having a disk-like closure member at one end, insulating terminal means, said closure member supporting said insulating terminal means, a condenser comprising a plurality' of annular condenser sections substantially alined with the axis of said casing, means suspending said alined sections from said closure member, and conductive means leading from said sections through the interior passage formed in the latter and in electrical connection with said terminal means. l

27. In condenser construction, in combination, a cylindrical casing having a disk-like closure member at one end, insulating terminal means, said closure member Supporting said insulating terminal means, a condenser comprising a plurality of annular condenser sections substantially alined with the axis of said casing, means suspending said alined sections from said closure member, and means interconnecting said sections and leading to said terminal means, said interconnecting means including a conductor extending upwardly through the passage formed centrally of said alined sections and in electrical connection with said terminal means, and section connectors accommodated in said passage.

28. In condenser construction, in combination, a cylindrical casing having a disk-like closure member at one end, insulating terminal means, said closure member supporting, said insulating terminal means, a condenser comprising a plurality of annular condenser sections substantially alined with the axis of said casing, means suspending said alined sections from said closure member, and means interconnecting said sections and leading to said terminal means, said interconecting means including a conductor extending upwardly through the passage formed centrally of said alined sections and 'in electrical connection with said terminal means, and a connecting conductor accommodated in said passage and extending from a section of said condenser to said conductor.

29. In condenser construction, in combination, a plurality of condenser sections arranged in substantial alinement and in end to end contact and having substantially alined openings therethrough, said end to end contact of said sections causing said alined openings to form a substantially continuous and substantially unbroken passage, and means electrically connecting sections of said condenser and including connectors accommodated within the said passage formed by said alined openings. i

30. In condenser construction, in combination, a plurality of condenser sections arranged in substantial alinement and in end to end contact and having substantially alined openings therethrough, said end to end contact of said sections causing said alined openings to form a substantially continuous and substantially unbroken passage, and means for making electrical connection to said condenser comprising a conductor extending lengthwise of and within the said passage formed by said alined openings, a terminal n the Wall of the opening through a section, and a connector leading from said terminal of said section of said condenser to said conductor, said connector and said terminal being within said passage.

31. In condenser construction, in combination,` a plurality of condenser sections arranged in substantial alinement, said sections having substantially centrally positioned openings therein and said openings being in substantial alinement, thereby to form a passage, connecting terminals for said sections, said terminals being exposed through the Walls of the openings in said sections and thereby being exposed to said passage, and conductive means in said passage for electrically connecting condenser sections.

32. In condenser construction, in combination, a plurality of annular condenser sections having progressively larger heat dissipating surfaces, each section being made up of plate members alternated with solid dielectric material.

33. In condenser construction, in combination, a plurality of annular condenser sections arranged With their axes coincident, each section being made up of plate members alternated with solid dielectric material, the sections having progressively greater outside diameters, thereby to provide progressively diierent outer surfaces.

34. In condenser construction, in combination, 11() a plurality of annular condenser sections arranged with their axes coincident, each section being made up of plate members alternated with solid dielectric material, the outside and inside diameters of the sections being progressively less, thereby to provide progressively different areas of exposed surfaces.

RAYMOND LANE.

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1,959,372.-Raymond A. Lane, Elmhurst, N. Y. CONDENSER CONSTRUCTION. Patent dated May 22, 1934. Disclaimer filed June 2, 1936, by the patentee, the assignee, Products Protection Corporation, assenting. Hereby enters Jhis disclaimer to claims 5, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 29, 30, and 31, of said patent.

[Oicz'al Gazette June 23, 1936.]

DISCLAIMER.

1,959,372-Raymond A. Lane, Elmhurst, N. Y. CoNDENsER CONSTRUCTION. Patent dated May 22, 1934. -Disclaimer led June 2, 1936, by the patentes, the assignee, Products Protection Corporation, assenting. Hereby enters this disclaimer to claims 5, 12, 14, v 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 29, 30, and 31, of said patent.

[Oficial Gazette June 23, 1936.]

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