US1959195A - High voltage rectifier - Google Patents

High voltage rectifier Download PDF

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Publication number
US1959195A
US1959195A US526223A US52622331A US1959195A US 1959195 A US1959195 A US 1959195A US 526223 A US526223 A US 526223A US 52622331 A US52622331 A US 52622331A US 1959195 A US1959195 A US 1959195A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
filament
anode
high voltage
envelope
helix
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US526223A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ernest E Charlton
Walter I Relyea
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL36749D priority Critical patent/NL36749C/xx
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US526223A priority patent/US1959195A/en
Priority to GB9151/32A priority patent/GB383858A/en
Priority to DEA65510D priority patent/DE640202C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1959195A publication Critical patent/US1959195A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J21/00—Vacuum tubes
    • H01J21/02—Tubes with a single discharge path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/15—Cathodes heated directly by an electric current

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric discharge apparatus, more particularly to high voltage rectifiers.
  • the anode usually takes the form of a cylinder for this purpose, and the cathode, ordinarily a filament positioned in the main axis of the anode. It has been found however that in this form of tube construction, particularly in connection with high voltage devices, there is a tendency for the filament to bow at the middle, notwithstanding the relatively high initial tension which may be applied to the filament by the supports. The departure of the filament from its Original position tends to fracture the latter and render the tube inoperative.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved tube construction whereby the bowing or other displacement of the filament is substantially eliminated even under conditions of extraordinary high voltage and of substantial inaccuracy of alignment of the electrodes.
  • This object is attained, in brief, by surrounding the filament with a protective electrostatic field which is of such a polarity as to off-set that in troduced by the anode.
  • the invention consists in enclosing the fragile filament by a rugged member which will bear the I brunt of the deleterious effects ordinarily pro- 59 tiled by the anode field but which, on account of its solid construction, is not adversely affected by said field.
  • Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a high voltage rectifier improved in accordance with the principles of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken longitudinally of the anode to show so the relative positions of the filament and protective shield.
  • numeral 1 designates the hi hly evacuated envelope of a high voltage rectifier whose output voltage is of a magnitude sufficiently high to operate a modern X-ray tube.
  • the envelope terminates in oppositely directed stems from one of which a cylindrical anode 2 is hung by means of a spring collar 3 and a rigid lead 4. From the other stem, a cathode 5 is supported by means of a collar 6.
  • the anode is of standard design and constitutes a molybdenum, tantalum or tungsten member riveted or otherwise secured to a flattened portion of the lead 4 which passes through the envelope and terminates in the usual contact cap 7.
  • the cathode which may consist of tungsten, takes the form of a compact, helical filament, as shown in Fig. 2, in order to obtain a large electron emitting surface in a comparatively small space.
  • the filament is supported at the lower end by a rigid conductor 8 secured in an insulating manner to the collar 6, and at the upper end by a protective member 9 which forms the subject of the present invention and which also is secured to the collar 6.
  • the cathode leads are solid where they pass through the lower press (not shown) but terminate in a pair of flexible leads which are connected to a standard bayonet type socket 10.
  • the protective member 9 referred to consists in a helix of relatively coarse pitch of stifi, large gage, tungsten wire, concentrically surrounding the filamentary helix. It may be joined to the filament at the top as shown, and can therefore be employed as one of the leads for the filament. In order to remove the resonance vibration of the filament from the frequency of the exciting current, ordinarily 60 cycles, it may be desirable to interpose a body of metal 11 between the upper extremity of the filament and the large helix.
  • the improved rectifier as described When the improved rectifier as described is energized from a source of current having a voltage of the order of many thousands, for example 1-50,000, it has been found that the helix efiectively precludes any transverse movement toward the anode or bowing of the filament notwithstanding dissymmetry of the electrode arrangement.
  • the strong electrostatic pull ordinarily exercised on the filament by the field of the anode in the absence of the protective member is now exerted to a large extent on the latter, which on account of its rugged character, fails to move perceptibly.
  • Such force as is not absorbed by the heavy helix, is of a negligible character and does not deleteriously affect the cathode.
  • the protective member 9 being substantially at cathode potential, acts with regard to the anode in precisely the same manner as with the filament except with much less disastrous results.
  • the large helix offers substantial protection to the filament without interfering materially with the free movement of electrons.
  • the negative electrostatic field generated by the large helix is more intense than that which would be ofiered by the relatively small filamentary helix and would more effectively neutralize the positive field of the anode.
  • the protection ofiered by the member is adequate, even when the filament is positioned considerably out of line, i. e. does not lie in the main axis of the cylinder or when the anode is irregularly shaped, or both, and the exciting voltages and consequent electrostatic fields are extremely high.
  • the protective member thus endows the tube with a longer operating life and avoids the necessity of accurate and costly tube manufacture.
  • it allows the successful use of the cylindrical anodeaxial filament type of rectifier which has been found desirable in connection with loads demanding extremely high voltage of a constant amount.
  • An electric discharge device comprising an envelope containing a cylindrical anode and a filamentary cathode positioned in the main axis of the envelope, means for preventing bowing of the filament when voltage is applied to the device, said means consisting of a metal member surrounding the filament, said member being adapted to carry the filament current during operation, the lead-in Wire for the anode being taken through the opposite end of the envelope from the filament lead-in wires.
  • a cathode structure comprising two portions and a metallic weighted member joining said portions together, one of said portions consisting of an electron-emitting relatively fragile member and the other of a rugged non-electronemitting helix surrounding the electron-emitting member.
  • An electric discharge device comprising an envelope containing a cylindrical anode and a filamentary cathode positioned in the main axis of the envelope, means for preventing bowing of 1 the filament when voltage is applied to the device, said means consisting of a rugged nonfilamentary helix surrounding substantially the entire length of the filament and constituting a lead-in wire for the filament, the lead-in wire for the anode being taken through the opposite end of the envelope from the filament lead-in wire.

Landscapes

  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
  • Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
US526223A 1931-03-30 1931-03-30 High voltage rectifier Expired - Lifetime US1959195A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL36749D NL36749C (en)) 1931-03-30
US526223A US1959195A (en) 1931-03-30 1931-03-30 High voltage rectifier
GB9151/32A GB383858A (en) 1931-03-30 1932-03-30 Improvements in and relating to electric discharge apparatus
DEA65510D DE640202C (de) 1931-03-30 1932-03-31 Anordnung zum Schutz der Gluehkathode eines Hochspannungsgleichrichters

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US526223A US1959195A (en) 1931-03-30 1931-03-30 High voltage rectifier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1959195A true US1959195A (en) 1934-05-15

Family

ID=24096443

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US526223A Expired - Lifetime US1959195A (en) 1931-03-30 1931-03-30 High voltage rectifier

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1959195A (en))
DE (1) DE640202C (en))
GB (1) GB383858A (en))
NL (1) NL36749C (en))

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2477110A (en) * 1946-03-11 1949-07-26 Gen Electric X Ray Corp Electrode structure and device containing the same
US2558603A (en) * 1949-03-04 1951-06-26 Dunlee Corp Protective means for rectifier cathodes
US2613332A (en) * 1949-07-14 1952-10-07 Gen Electric Electric discharge device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE532577A (en)) * 1953-10-16

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2477110A (en) * 1946-03-11 1949-07-26 Gen Electric X Ray Corp Electrode structure and device containing the same
US2558603A (en) * 1949-03-04 1951-06-26 Dunlee Corp Protective means for rectifier cathodes
US2613332A (en) * 1949-07-14 1952-10-07 Gen Electric Electric discharge device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB383858A (en) 1932-11-24
DE640202C (de) 1936-12-24
NL36749C (en))

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