US1958129A - Loom for weaving tufted fabric with pattern on the back - Google Patents

Description

y 8, 1934- E. J. DACEY ET AL 58,

LOOM FOR WEAVING TUFTED FABRIC WITH PATTERN ON THE BACK Filed NOV. 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet l ,7 77-0 zP/vew y 1934- E. J. DACEY El AL 1953,1Z9

LOOM FOR WEAVING TUFTED FABRIC WITH PATTERN ON THE BACK Filed 16, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 l 1 I II fiaJe/gi ra/v gygwygp 22.; Kacey y 1934- E. J. DACEY El AL 58,129

LOOM FOR WEAViNG TUFTED FABRIC WITH PATTERN ON THE BACK Filed Nov. 1 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 fig/5 JWV /7 77'0/P/vey5' Patented May 8, 1934 tjiilTED STATES RATENT LOOM FOR 'WEAVING TUFTED FABRIC WITH PATTERN ON THE BACK Application November 16, 1931, Serial No. 575,190

21 Claims.

f) carries a supply of variously colored yarns kept separated from each other and passing through small yarn tubes. During the latter part of the tuft forming operation the tube frame is drawn upwardly while the lower ends of the color yarns are held so as to draw off an amount of yarn needed for the next row to be laid by that particular tube frame. After the drawing-oh operation knives, one behind and the other in front of the row of tufts, sever the latter at a point above the ground fabric depending upon the height of the pile. It is an important object of our present invention to render a loom of this type effective for the weaving of such rugs as will have the pattern showing on the back. It is an .3 important object of our present invention to provide means for holding the binders spaced in their proper lateral position to receive the tuft tubes and thereby oppose the tendency of the cotton filling to shrink the yarn. In the Smith type of Axminster loom the tuft tubes are wiped down through the top shed of binders and may extend below the bottom shed, thus carrying the tuft yarns entirely through the system of binders. This leaves the projecting ends of tuft yarn free to lose their alignment with the reed dents during the tuft forming operation, but in the usual Axminster fabric the tuft yarn passes under and is held in place by a pick of filling lying near the top of the ground weave. Because of this fact the tuft yarns are able to move up through their proper spaces between the binders. In weaving a fabric where the pattern goes through to the back, however, the tuft yarns must pass under the bottom pick of the ground weave, that is, below the pick lying under the stuifer, and it is found under these conditions that the return upward bending of the tuft yarns is not assisted by the other yarns of the shed inasmuch as the latter all lie above the 0 pick around which the loop of color yarn is being made.

It is another object of our present invention to provide guide plates which define compartments or spaces, one for each tuft yarn, so that the latter must move up between the proper binder warps and thus prevent crossing of the yarns. The spacer means for holding the binders separated preferably hold the binders to one side of the spaces defined by the plates so as to afford a free zone of action for the color yarns.

In the formation of the tuft the free end of the latter is bent first rearwardly and then upwardly by engagement with and sliding contact along an upwardly and forwardly inclined surface formed on a spacing tooth. The loom is equipped with a number of the latter, one for each yarn tube of the tube frame, and it is desirable that the inclined faces be as broad as possible so as to prevent the color yarn from being caught between the binder thread and the tooth. To accomplish this result we place the plates of the guide in alignment with the dents of the reed and cause the guide plates to move so as never to have overlapping relation with the reed dents, but to remain aligned therewith. In this Way the notch between two adjacent teeth on the hook spacer is never required to accommodate but one width of sheet metal together with the warps, and can therefore be made sufficiently wide to insure proper upward curling of the free end of the color yarn.

It is necessary to introduce a weft laying needle at certain intervals when the reed is in back position, and in order to make room for the needle we make the guide plates separate from the reed dents so that at the required time the needle may be inserted in the shed between the guide and reed which are separated for the purpose.

The guide is made of plates which together with the reed dents with which they align, define parallel aisles or compartments for the tuft yarns, the reed dents extending through both upper and lower sheds at all times while the plates of the guide in front of the reed preferably never enter either shed. By this arrangement there is no opportunity for sheet metal parts to injure the warp threads. The plates of the guide, however, are sufficiently high to effectively restrain lateral improper displacement of the color yarns during the tuft forming beat of the loom.

With these and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, our invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein a convenient embodiment of our invention is set forth,

Fig. 1 is a central vertical section taken through a loom made according to our invention in a direction transverse of the lay, showing the latter in front position,

Fig. 2 is a view similar to a portion of Fig. l on an enlarged scale showing the relation of the spacer, reed dents and guide plates,

Fig. 3 is a front elevation taken in the direction of arrow 3, Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a detail vertical section on line 44 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is a detail top plan view on an enlarged scale of certain of the structure shown in Fig. 3,

Figs. 6 to 12, inclusive, are diagrammatic views showing the operation of the parts which form the tuft, and

Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic view showing the weave to be produced by the loom.

Referring particularly to Fig. 1, I have shown a loom frame in which is rotatably mounted a bottom shaft 21 carrying a cam plate 22 provided with cam points or patches 23, 24, and 25, respectively. A lever 26 for the cam is pivoted at 27 and has the upper end thereof connected to a horizontal rod 28 communicating motion through pivot 29 to a lay lever 30 to rock lay shaft 31. Arms 32 extend upwardly from and are rigid with the shaft 31 and support a lay bar or beam 33 which fits into notch s 34 carried by the arms 32. A look plate 35 is secured to the beam and has holding engagement with a set of plates or reed dents 36. A spacer rack 37 may position the rear ends of the dents, and the latter may be set into the beam 33. The construction of the lay and the reed dents is very similar to that which has been used heretofore on the so-called Crompton Moquette loom.

A front knife frame 40 is secured to and moves pivotally with a cutter shaft 41 actuated through a lever 42 by means of a rod 43 controlled by a cam not shown. The frame 40 carries a knife blade 44 which co-acts with a second knife 45 mounted on a sliding frame 46 and receiving motion by means of a lever 47 actuated in the usual way. Except for a slight delay in the time of operation, the knives act in the usual way by well-known structure.

A transporting chain 50 movable about pull over shaft 51 is arranged to present the tube frames 52 successively to transfer position. Each tube frame comprises a horizontal bar 53 from which project downwardly a large number of small yarn tubes 54. One or more spools 55 supply yarn of various colors and one yarn designated at Y is provided for each tuft tube. The mechanism designated generally at 55 is of the usual form and may be employed to transfer a tube frame from the transporting chain to tuft forming posi tion, rock the tube frameso as to wipe in the color yarn, raise the tube frame for pulling-off enough yarn for the next row of tufts. and subsequently return the tube frame to the chain. The action of the tube frame is substantially the same as that found in usual Axminster looms of the Smith type. We find it convenient to lift the tube frame for pulling off slightly later than usual, and for this reason delay in the cutting slightly.

Except as noted hereinbefore the parts already described operate in the usual manner and are constructed vas is customary in the so-called Smith type of Axminster loom.

In carrying our invention into effect we remove the comb usually found on Axminster looms for the purpose of pushing the tuft yarns up through the warp threads, and in its place employ a guide which may be operated by mechanism usually provided for the comb. The ordinary comb rod is connected as at 61 to a lever 52 which has a horizontal arm 63. A guide shaft 64 rotatable preferably in fixed bearings supports one or more horizontal arms 65 from which project uprights 66. The latter have supporting relation with a bar 67 extending horizontally across the loom and receiving upward movement through one or more links 68 pivotally connected as at 69 to the arm 63 and at the upper end as at 70 to bar 67. The effect of the structure just described is to transmit to the bar 67 a lifting force derived from rod 60 and transmitted through rods 68, the bar 67 moving in an are around the axis of guide shaft 64. The particular relation between the time of operation of the bar 67 and the lay will be set forth more fully hereinafter.

The bar has a number of transverse vertical slots 71 cut therein into which are set plates 72 spaced apart so as to be able to pass between the tuft tubes 54 of the tube frame. These plates are in vertical alignment with the dents 36 of the reed as shown in Fig. 5.

A spacer or nose bar extends across the loom in front of the reed and is fixed to the loom frame. There extend rearwardly from this bar a plurality of teeth 81 which define between them notches or slots 82. The rear of each tooth is provided with an upwardly and forwardly inclined smooth surface 83 which terminates in a hook 84. l'he front vertical surface 85 of each hook performs an important function in forming the tuft. Each notch 82 is made just sufficiently wide to receive the corresponding reed dent and guide plate, sufficient clearance being allowed for binder warps, three in the present instance.

The fabric to be produced is set forth graphically in Fig. 13, the picks of filling for each tuft being designated I, II and III, picks I and III being above the stuifer S and pick II below. The binders B and B may be crossed to form sheds of different sizes, the larger shed enclosing two picks of filling I and II, and the smaller having pick III. The tuft T extends entirely through the fabric and around and under the bottom pick II. the upper parallel vertical parts of he tuft being located between picks I and III.

While the loom may be operated in the usual manner with respect to picks I and III yet for certain purposes we prefer to modify the first pick. although the third pick may remain as usual, and an explanation of the operation of the parts will now be given in connection with diagrammatic views 6 to 12.

During the first pick I the guide '72 is in forward or left hand position shown in Fig. 6 and the reed is in back position. The needle N is inserted in the shed and moves between the guide and reed to lay adouble pick I. As soon as the needle is out of the shed, the reed moves forwardly to advance pick I toward the fell, the guide still remaining at rest in front position. For the purposes of this description we move the reed just far enough to leave pick I immediately behind the inclined surfaces 83. The binders cross to hold the filling in this position, and then the reed moves rearwardly. The low cam tappet 23 is used to give the lay and reed the motion just described. During this back motion of the reed, the tube frame starts down, and the next pick begins.

Shortly after the start of the second or tuft forming pick, the reed reaches rearrnost position and the yarn tubes are almost horizontal. pointing toward the reed with the color yarns projecting rearwardly. As the tube frame rocks to move the tubes toward vertical position, the guides '72 start to move rearwardly. The motions of the yarn tubes are suggested in Fig. 7, where the dotted line position shows the beginning of the wiping in of the tuft, and the dot and dash, and full lines positions show successive positions occurring later in the pick. While the tubes are yet in an inclined position the guide plates '72 reach them and pass between the tubes, assuming the position shown in Fig. 8.

As the yarn tubes move forwardly and the guides rearwardly, the color yarn ends are likely to be bent or curved to the rear, as indicated in dot and dash lines, Fig. 8. Continued rear movement of the guide causes the tuft yarns to move into the spaces between the guide plates '72. By this time the needle has entered the shed a slight distance to lay the second pick II, and the yarn tubes have risen to a point where their lower ends just rise above the tops of the guide plates. When the guides reach their rearmost position with the color yarn ends still curved back, the yarn tubes move out of the top shed. The reed is of course in rear position to make room for the needle. When the needle is practically in the shed, the guide starts to move forwardly, and advances a slight amount to straighten the tufts from the dot and dash position of Fig. 8 to the dotted line therein. When the tufts are vertical, the guide comes to rest with the tufts between the guide plates.

As the needle starts to move out of the shed, the front knife starts to move rearwardly, and during the needle withdrawal the guides, tube frame and reed remain practically at rest. When the needle is entirely out of the shed the tube frame starts to move up, and the reed begins its second forward motion. When the reed reaches a point a short distance behind the tubes, the dents are very close to the guide plates, and as the dents and plates are aligned, they define guide aisles or compartments, one for each tuft thread. Thereafter, the guide and reed advance together, passing from the position shown in Fig. 9 with the tuft yarns between the guide plates, to the position shown in Fig. 10, where the tufts are between the reed dents. The transfer of the color yarns from the guide to the reed is accomplished by the joint action of the reed pushing the second pick II against the tuft yarn, and the inclined face 83. The latter causes a rearward deflection of the tufts, which move in the aisles and from the guide to the dents of the reed. Because of the closeness of the guide plates and reed dents, there is no opportunity for the tufts to become laterally displaced. The tuft yarns are thus moved into the reed spaces which are occupied by the binder warps and there is no other path in which the color yarns can move except that which is properly aligned with the binders.

The remainder of the second pick is used to form the tuft, and this result is attained by the continued advance of the reed, which, being caused by one of the high cam tappets on disk 22, forces both picks I and II together with the tuft, up the inclines 83. This results in moving the free ends of the color yarns first rearwardly to a horizontal position, and then to a vertical position as the tufts rise over the tops of the hooks on the nose bar. To be sure that the two picks and tuft will snap down to the normal position of the cloth, the reed advances to a position slightly in front of the forward face 85 of the hook, as shown in Fig. 11.

As the reed recedes following this beat up, the tube frame rises to pull off the yarn for the next row of tufts to be formed by it. As the tube frame finishes the drawing-off motion, the reed reaches rearmost position so that the back knife can advance and coact with the front knife to cut the tufts free from the tube frame. The drawingoif and cutting occur somewhat later than in usual Axminster looms due to the manner in which the tufts are formed, and may be considered as completing the second pick.

The third pick is substantially the same as usual, the needle being inserted above the stuffers to lay a pick which is pushed over the faces 83 by the lay to complete the cycle of three picks. The guide remains forward during the third pick, since the tuft is completely formed.

We do not wish to be limited to the particular relations and operations already given, inasmuch as certain variations can be used without departing from the spirit of our invention. The first pick, for instance, can, if desired, be pushed over the hooks during the first beat-up instead of the second.

Fig. 5 shows that the notches or spaces 82 in 1.

the nose bar between the spacer hooks need be no wider than the reed dents, plus a small clearance for the binder and stuffer warps. The reed dents and guide plates are preferably of the same thickness, and this, coupled with their alignment, permits the use of a broad face 83, thus minimizing the likelihood of the tufts being caught in the notches 82.

From the foregoing it will be seen that we have provided means whereby the usual form of Smith type of Axminster loom can, with slight modi fications, be made to operate with certain of its usual parts to produce a fabric wherein the tufted yarns extend around the bottom pick of the ground weave, and wherein there is employed a guide for holding the tuft yarns against improper lateral displacement. It will further be seen that because of the fact that the reed dents and the guide plates are in alignment with each other, the notches 82 may be made relatively narrow so that the guide surfaces 83 can be made broad enough to present adequate guiding surfaces for the tuft yarns. Also, the guide moves forwardly with the reed on the tuft forming beat, but the relation of these parts is maintained sufficiently close so that as the color yarn is bent rearwardly because of engagement with the surfaces 83, it will pass from the spaces between the guide plates 72 to the spaces between the reed dents without having an opportunity to spring or bend to one side. The result of this control of the yarn is to insure proper positioning of the tufts with respect to the binder warps. Furthermore, it will be seen that the guide plates '72 are preferably operated so that they do not enter the lower shed and therefore do not subject any of the binders to an abrading action. It will also be seen that because of the fact that the plates 72 are independent from the dents of the reed,

it is possible to separate the parts which define the guide aisles for the tuft yarns a suficient distance to permit the needle to function.

It will be seen from Fig. 12 that the rear part of the tuft which is to be cut from the tube frame is practically vertical, being held up in this position by the front parts of the hooks on the nose board. The result of this arrangement is that the rear part as well as the front part of the tuft is cut at the same operation of the #59 loom, and since each half of the tuft is subjected to the same cutting strain the tuft parts will be of uniform height. In the former practice in looms of the type set forth herein the back part of the tuft has not been held up as high as is the case in the present instance, and therefore the back knife was not able to trim the back of a tuft, this operation being accomplished on the next cutting operation after tuft formation.

Having thus described our invention it will be seen that changes and modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and we do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, but what we claim is:

1. In an Axminster loom, a tube frame having tuft yarn tubes from which extend color yarns, a lay having reed dents, a set of guide plates separate from the dents, means to move the plates and dents into proximity with each other to define guide aisles, means to insert the yarn tubes between the plates, and subsequently acting means to cause the color yarns to move in the aisles from the plates to the dents in the formation of tufts, and means operative thereafter to cut the tufts from the tube frame.

2. In an Axminster loom, a tube frame having tuft yarn tubes from which extend color yarns, a lay having a set of reed dents between which lie the binder warps, a set of guide plates each of which is aligned with a reed dent, means to cause the plates and dents to approach each other to define guide aisles extending through the sets, and means to cause movement of the color yarns along the aisles from one set to the other set.

3. In an Axminster loom, a tube frame having tuft yarn tubes from which extend color yarns, a lay having a set of reed dents between which lie the binder warps, a set of guide plates each of which is aligned with a reed dent, means to cause the plates and dents to approach each other to define guide aisles extending through the sets, means to place the yarn tubes in the aisles with the color yarns projecting between the plates, and means to cause movement of the color yarns along the aisles from one set to the other set.

4. In an Axminster loom, a tube frame having tuft yarn tubes from which extend color yarns, two independent sets of parallel spaced elements, means to move the sets into close relation one with the other to define guide aisles extending through both sets, and means to move the color yarns along the aisles from one set to the other set in the operation of forming tufts, and means operative thereafter to sever the tufts from the tube frame.

5. In an Axminster loom, a tube frame having tuft yarn tubes from which extend color yarns, a lay having spaced reed dents between which the binder warps extend, and means independent of the reed and binder warps movable under the warps in alignment with the dents to guide the color yarns into the spaces between the reed dents during the tuft forming operation.

6. In an Axminster loom, a tube frame having tuft yarn tubes from which extend color yarns, means to lay a pick of filling, two separate sets of spaced elements, the elements of one set aligning with the elements of the other set, means to separate the sets to make room for the entry of the filling laying means between the sets. and means to move the sets into proximity with each other to cause the elements of the sets to form tuft yarn guide aisles extending through both sets.

'7. In an Axminster loom, a tube frame having tuft yarn tubes from which extend color yarns, a weft needle, a lay having reed dents, a guide member having guide plates aligned with the dents, means to move the reed and member together to define guide aisles for the tuft yarns, and means to separate the reed and member preparatory to entry of the needle between said reed and member.

8. In an Axminster loom, a transporting chain, a tube frame provided with yarn tubes through which extend color yarns carried by the tube frame, a nose board having hooks behind the fell of the woven fabric, and means to raise the tube frame and thereby tension the color yarns after the projecting ends thereof have been shaped to form tufts positioned in front of the hooks.

9. In an Axminster loom, a transporting chain, a tube frame provided with yarn tubes through which extend color yarns carried by the tube frame, a nos-e board having hooks against which the fell of the woven fabric is held, means to raise the tube frame and thereby tension the color yarns after the projecting ends thereof have been shaped to form tufts positioned in front of the hooks, and means to sever the tufts from the tube frame after the latter has been raised.

10. In an Axminster loom having sets of tuftforming yarns, means to move a set of yarns toward tuft-forming position, a lay, a series of reed dents on the lay between which lie binder warps, a series of guide plates, each plate being aligned with a reed dent, means to move the plates toward the dents to define guide aisles extending through both series, and means to cause movement of the tuft yarns along the aisles from one series to the other.

11. In an Axminster loom, a transporting chain, tube frames on the chain carrying tuft yarns and movable one at a time from the chain to cloth-forming position, means to lay a shot of filling behind the tuft yarns of a tube frame in cloth-forming position, a nose board having hooks, a reed to move the shot of filling and tuft yarns forwardly over the hooks to a position in front of the latter to form tufts around the shot of filling, means to thereafter raise the tube frame preparatory to returning the same to the chain and before the yarns are severed, thereby drawing the tuft yarns tightly around the shot of filling, and means operative thereafter to cut the tuft yarns from the tube frame.

12. In an Axminster loom operating with binders, a tube frame having a supply of tuft yarns, yarn tubes on the frame from which the tuft yarns project, tube frame operating means to move the tube frame to position the tubes and yarns between the binders, a nose board having hooks lying between the binders, means to lay a shot of filling behind the tuft yarns projecting from the tubes, and means to advance the shot of filling to cause the same together with the tuft yarns to move forwardly over the hooks to a position in front of said hooks, the tube frame operating means operative thereafter to raise the tube frame and thereby draw the tuft yarns tightly around the shot of filling.

13. In the process of weaving a pile fabric in an Axminster loom operating with binder warps and a tube frame supplied with tuft yarns, the loom having hooks with inclined rear faces, the process including the steps of inserting a pick of filling between the binder warps and beating said pick of filling to a position behind the hooks, moving the tube frame to cause the tuft yarns to project through said binder warps, laying a second pick of filling behind the tuft yarns, moving both pi ks of filling up the inclined rear faces of the hooks and causing the tuft yarns to lie under and to project upwardly behind the second shot of filling, raising the tube frame to thereby draw the tuft yarns tightly around the filling, and thereafter cutting the tuft from the tube frame.

14. In an Axminster loom, a tube frame having tuft yarn tubes from which extend color yarns, a lay having spaced reed dents between which the binder warps extend, and means independent of the reed and binder warps to guide the color yarns into the spaces between the reed dents and to move forwardly in substantial alignment with the latter during the tuft forming operation.

15. In the process of weaving a pile fabric with the pattern on the back in a loom operating with warps and with hooks having upwardly and forwardly inclined rear surfaces, the process including steps which consists in providing a supply of tuft forming yarns, projecting the free ends of the tuft yarns downwardly through the warps, laying a pick of filling behind the yarn ends, beating the filling up the inclined surfaces of the hooks to a position in front of the hooks, thereby raising the rear parts of the tuft yarn ends, raising the yarn supply to thereby draw the tufts tightly around the filling, and thereafter severing the tufts from the supply.

16. In the process of weaving a pile fabric on a loom having hooks with upwardly and forwardly inclined rear surfaces, the process including the steps of providing a supply of warps and tuft forming yarns, projecting the free ends of the tuft forming yarns downwardly through the binder warps, laying a pick of filling behind the projecting tuft yarns ends, moving the filling up the inclined surfaces with resultant raising of the warps, moving the filling to a position in front of the hooks and thereafter permitting the filling to move down with the warps thereby causing the tuft ends tc be deflected upwardly by the hooks to form tufts, raising the supply of tuft yarns to thereby draw the yarn ends tightly around the said pick of filling, and thereafter severing the tufts from the yarn supply.

17. he the process of weaving a pile fabric in a loom having warp thread spacers with upwardly and forwardly inclined rear faces, the process including the steps of providing warp threads and a supply of tuft forming yarns, projecting a portion of said tuft yarns through said warp threads, laying a pick of filling behind the tuft yarns, moving the filling forwardly up the inclined faces and to a position in front of the spacers raising the yarn supply to thereby draw the tuft yarns tightly around the filling, and thereafter severing the tufts from the yarn supply.

18. In the process of weaving a pile fabric in an Axminster loom operating with warps and a tube frame supplied with tuft yarns, the loom having hooks with inclined rear faces, the process including the steps of moving the tube frame to cause the tuft yarns to project through said warps, laying a pick of filling behind the tuft yarns, moving the filling up the inclined rear faces and over the hooks, thereby causing the tuft yarns to lie under and to project upwardly behind the filling, raising the tube frame to pull off yarn for another row of tufts and thereby draw the tuft yarns tightly around the filling, and thereafter cutting the tufts from the tube frame.

19. In the process of weaving a pile fabric in an Axminster loom operating with warps, and a tube frame supplied with tuft yarns, the loom having hooks with inclined rear faces, the process including the steps of moving the tube frame to cause the tuft yarns to project through said warps, laying a pick of filling behind the tuft yarns, moving the pick of filling up the inclined rear faces and over the hooks to cause the tuft yarns to lie under said filling at the back of the fabric and to project upwardly behind the filling, raising the tube frame to draw the tuft yarns tightly around the filling, and thereafter cutting the tufts from the tube frame.

20. In the process of weaving a pile fabric in an Axminster loom operating with warps, and a. tube frame supplied with tuft yarns, the loom having hooks with inclined rear faces, the process including the steps of laying a pick of filling, moving the tube frame to cause the tuft yarns to pro ject through said warps behind the pick of filling, laying a pick of filling behind the tuft yarns, moving the two picks of filling up the inclined rear faces and over the hooks to cause the tuft yarns to lie under said second pick of filling with one shed of warps at the back of the fabric and to project upwardly behind said second pick of filling, raising the tube frame to pull off yarn for another row of tufts and thereby draw the tuft yarns tightly around the filling, and thereafter cutting the tufts from the tube frame.

21. In the process of weaving a pile fabric in an Axrninster loom operating with warps, and a tube frame supplied with tuft yarns, the loom having hooks with inclined rear faces, the process including the steps of laying a pick of filling, moving the tube frame to cause the tuft yarns to project through said warps behind said pick of filling, laying a pick of filling behind the tuft yarns, moving the picks of filling up the inclined rear faces and over the hooks, causing the tuft yarns to lie under said second pick of filling at the back of the fabric and to project upwardly behind said second pick of filling, raising the tube frame to pull off yarn for another row of tufts and thereby draw the tuft yarns tightly around the filling, thereafter cutting the tufts from the tube frame, and laying a third pick of filling behind the tuft after cutting.

ED'WARD J. DACEY. WILLIAM W. ROBERTSON.

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