US1956611A - Duplicating machine - Google Patents

Description

y 1934. R, BESOCKE 1,956,611

DUPLICAT INGr MACHINE Filed Feb. 10, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 TYPEO ENCIL SHEET May 1, 1934. R. BESOCKE DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 10, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 cle y 1934- R. BESOCKE DUPLICATING momma Filed Feb. 10, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 f, m we W J Wav Patented May 1, 1934 NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DUPLICATING MACHINE tion of Illinois Application February 10, .1932, Serial No. 592,077

14 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in duplicating machines.

The duplicating machine of the present invention is designed with a view of providing a machine of extreme simplicity which may be easily and conveniently manipulated and used in the reproduction of copies of typewritten matter, and one which may be manufactured and sold at a minimum of cost and will still serve to produce the highest quality of work. With this end in view, the machine is so constructed as to normally hold the inking pad and stencil sheet in spaced or elevated relation to the letter sheets to be imprinted and to progressively secure the impression by forcing down or flexing of the stencil sheet and pad to bring the inking surface momentarily into rolling contact with the'letter sheet, so that a sharp and clear impression will be transmitted without thereby permitting the ink to spread, since each portion of the stencil sheet, under the rolling impact, will release and lift away from the imprinted surface instantly after the impression has been transmitted.

By this method of imprinting, a quick or rapid movement of the roller will secure the sharpest and most delicate impression, while a somewhat slower movement of the roller will produce a heavier or less sharply defined impression, so that the quality or character of the-impression can be regulated to a considerable extent by changing the speed of movement of the roller, without, however, resulting in any smudge or objectionable blurring of the letters.

The invention, furthermore, is designed to facilitate the quick and easy application and re-.

moval of the stencil sheet and inking pad to afford a machine which may be easily operated without danger of smearing the ink on the work 0 or of soiling the hands or clothing of the operator, either during the adjustment of the stencil and inking pad or during the duplicating operation.

The machine, furthermore, is extremely compact and capable of comparatively rapid use, since the rolling contact and flexation of the stencil sheet insures instant release from the letter sheet after it has been imprinted, so that no stripping mechanism or the like is required.

Further objects and details of the invention will appear from the description thereof, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine showing the impervious backing sheet and inking pad partially broken away to show the stencil sheet;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine in operative relation;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation showing the stencil sheet, the inking pad, and the backing sheet in taut or elevated position;

Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the sheet fixed by the passage of the roller;

Fig. 5 is a detail showing the method of releasing the spring rods which tension the stencil holding bar;

Fig. 6 is a detail showing the preferred method of applying the backing sheet to the inking pad;

Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view taken on line 77 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the stencil sheet showing the method of securing the same;

Fig. 9 is a view showing the roller in elevation;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the roller; and

Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail showing the coaction of the roller with the inking pad and stencil.

The machine as a whole is mounted upon a base or platform 20 which is preferably in the form of a flat board which carries a pair of side rails 21, each in the form of a flat bar standing so edgewise. The two side rails are connected at their opposite ends by cross bars 22 and 23, each of which is downturned at its ends 24 to embrace the side rails and is entered through notches 25 in the upper edge of the respective side rails, 5 the downturned ends of the cross bars being secured by riveting, spot welding, brazing or the like, to afford an open rectangular frame of sufficient interior dimensions to provide for the carrying of a stencil sheet and inking pad of the size antd shape commonly employed in the present ar The frame thus constructed is hinged at one end upon a cross rod 26 upturned at one end 27 and entered through ears or lugs 28 formed at the opposite ends of a cross bar 29, which is secured to the flat base 20 near one end thereof. The cross bar has its inner edge upturned to provide a flange 30 which constitutes a gauge for the positioning of the pile of letter sheets 31.

The arrangement is one which permits the hinged frame to lie flatwise during the duplicating operation or to be lifted into the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2 to facilitate the removal or adjustment of the stencil sheet and 105 associated parts.

Each of the side rails 21 near its hinged end is provided with an inwardly extending slot 32, within which is mounted what may be termed the movable stencil carrying bar 33 which 00- 1 operates with a fixed stencil carrying bar 34 at the opposite end of the frame, which bar 34 is mounted within slots 35 cut in the free ends of the side rails 21.

The slots 32 are considerably longer than the slots 35, and the movable stencil carrying bar 33 is normally held at an intermediate position Within the slots 32 by the thrust of a pair of plungers 36, each of which is bifurcated at its outer end 37 to enter a notch 38 in the contiguous end of the bar 33.

Each of the plungers 36 terminates in a stem 39 which is surrounded by a coil spring to bearing against a collar il, and the plunger with its stem is slidably mounted upon a guide plate 42 having its ends upturned to provide cars 43 and 4a through which the stem and plunger respectively are entered and guided to permit of a retraction of the plunger against the tension of the spring 40.

From an inspection of Fig. 5, it will be noted that the bar 33 when engaged with the plungers will stand outwardly from the base of the slots 32, so that clearance will be aiforded for the drawing back of the bar against the tension of the springs.

As best shown in Fig. 1, the bar 3% is provided with notches 45 on its inner edge, at the point where it engages with the bases of the slots 35, so that the bar 34 will be held against end play, which prevents displacement of the stencil sheet and inking pad carried thereby.

The stencil sheet 46 underlies the inking pad l7 which is backed by a backing sheet 48 of oiled silk or the like, which is impervious to the passage of ink. The stencil sheet is provided at one end with a head 49 provided with a plurality of key-hole slots 50, which are adapted to hook over headed studs 51 depending from the under side of a spring clip 52 (see Fig. 3), while the inking pad is looped over the bar beneath the spring clip 52, which embraces the loop of the inking pad. The protective backing sheet 48 is preferably folded around the edges of the inking pad (see Fig. 7), and the under-folded edges 53 are secured by lines of stitching 5a, which arrangement serves to protect the exposed edges of the inking pad against the evaporation of the ink and also guards against soiling or smudging the hands of the operator by contact with any portion of the inking pad.

The opposite ends of the inking pad and stencil sheet are looped around the fixed cross bar 34 and held in place by a spring clip 55 (see Fig. 3). With the parts thus positioned, the stencil sheet with its pad and backing will be held taut in elevated relation above the surface of the letter sheets to be imprinted, as in Fig. 3, but in order to secure an impression, a roller 56 is employed, which is journalled within a bracket 57, the arms of which at their inner ends are backwardly turned and entered into a handle 58.

As shown, the roller is provided with longitudinally extending corrugations 59, although the surface of the roller might be otherwise config- Ured, it being desirable, however, to provide a roughened surface of some character in order to prevent the roller from crowding the ink forwardly during each successive traverse of the ink- 1 ing pad in the operation of the machine.

Operation In operating the machine, the inking pad will v be saturated or impregnated with ink of the character commonly employed for duplicating work, after which the frame may be lifted into its upstanding position, and the ends of the inking pad looped around the bars 33 and 84 respectively. Thereafter, the head end of the stencil sheet will be hooked onto the headed studs 51 and the free end of the stencil sheet looped around the bar 33, after which the spring clip 55 will be snapped into place, thereby holding the stencil sheet and inking pad firmly in position on the bars.

During the mounting of the inking pad and the stencil sheet, it will ordinarily be desirable to release the ends of the bar 33 from engagement with the plungers 36 so as to permit the bar to be drawn inwardly to relieve tension during the adjustment of the parts. Thereafter, by forcing back the plungers until the bifurcated ends thereof clear the inner edge of the bar 33, the plungers can be snapped into position and will thereupon exert an outward thrust against the bar, which serves to impart an even tension to the stencil sheet, inking pad, and backing sheet, holding them in taut or elevated relation. With the stencil sheet thus elevated, a letter sheet or a pile of letter sheets will be stacked in position with their forward ends resting against the gauge flange 30, and the roller will be moved firmly and rapidly from end to end of the stencil sheet, which will cause flexation thereof, as in Fig. 4, and bring each portion of the stencil surface momentarily into a rolling line of contact with the paper, so that the printing will be imparted by the momentary contact of the stencilled letters with the paper surface, followed by an instant release from contact, so that no opportunity will be afiorded for a spreading or seeping of ink, and a sharp, clear and distinct impression will be secured.

By reason of the interrupted surface afforded by the corrugations in the roller, the inking pad will be interruptedly compressed (see Fig. 11), so that there will be no tendency to continuously force the body of ink forwardly with the roller, which would occur if a smooth roller were employed and the roller constantly operated in the same direction. It is therefore desirable to interrupt the roller surface by the provision of corrugations or similar irregularities, although the form, shape and arrangement of such irregularities in the surface contour may be modified, since it is not essential that the corrugations or irregularities run in the straight-line arrangement shown.

After the roller has completed its traverse of the stencil surface, the stencil surface will resume its elevated position, so that upon the completion of the printing, the copy will be com pletely released from contact with the stencil surface, and may be quickly removed to expose a fresh sheet to a like impression, thereby enabling the work to proceed rapidly and. uniformly.

I am aware that in certain types of duplicating machines it has been the practice in the past to lay the stencil sheet flatwise upon the copy sheet, and to pass a roller thereover, but such an arrangement is highly objectionable, for the reason that it almost invariably results in a smudgy or uneven transfer of the ink, and furthermore requires a careful stripping or disengagement of the stencil from the copy after printing, but I know of no instance in which the inking contact is efiected by a flexation of the stencil, so that a momentary rolling contact is effected with an instant release from the copy sheet after the letters have been imprinted; and in claiming the present invention I do not desire to be limited to the particular features of construction herein shown and described for utilizing the principles involved, since numerous modifications in structure may be introduced without departing from the spirit of the invention. Nor do I desire to be limited to a machine in which the roller is operated by hand, since the same principle of ink transference might readily be employed in machines having power operated rollers, or rollers built into or mechanically associated with the frame of the machine, or actuated otherwise than by the direct pressure of the operators hand.

I claim:

1. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a base for supporting the copy sheet to be imprinted, a frame mounted on the base, a stencil sheet, an inking pad in facewise contact behind the stencil sheet, yieldable means carried by the frame for normally holding the stencil sheet and inking pad under tension in spaced relation to the base, and a roller adapted to impart pressure to the inking pad and stencil sheet and adapted to flex the same toward the base to afford a progressive rolling contact and immediate release between the tensioned stencil sheet and the copy sheet.

2. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a base for holding the copy sheet to be imprinted, a frame mounted on the base and hinged thereto to permit lifting of one end thereof, a stencil sheet, an inking pad in facewise contact behind the stencil sheet, yieldable means carried by the frame for normally holding the stencil sheet and inking pad under tension in spaced relation to the base, and a roller adapted to impart pressure to the inking pad and stencil sheet and adapted to flex the same toward the base to afford a progressive rolling contact and immediate release between the tensioned stencil sheet and the copy sheet.

3. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a base for holding the copy sheet to be im-.

printed, a frame mounted on the base, a stencil sheet, an inking pad behind the stencil sheet, yieldable means carried by the frame for normally holding the stencil sheet and inking pad in spaced relation to the base, and a corrugated roller adapted to impart pressure to the inking pad and stencil sheet and adapted to flex the same toward the base to afford a progressive rolling contact and immediate release between the stencil sheet and the copy sheet.

4. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a basefor holding the copy sheet to be imprinted, a frame mounted on the base and hinged thereto to permit lifting of one end thereof, a stencil sheet, an inking pad behind the stencil sheet, yieldable means carried by the frame for normally holding the stencil sheet and inking pad in spaced relation to the base, and a corrugated roller adapted to impart pressure to the inking pad and stencil sheet and adapted to flex the same toward the base to afford a progressive rolling contact and immediate release between the stencil sheet and the copy sheet.

5. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a base, an open frame consisting of side rails and cross connections, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar and a movable stencil carrying cross bar, both carried by the frame in spaced relation to one another, spring means for holding the movable cross bar in yieldable relation with respect to the frame, a stencil sheet and an inking pad in facewise contact therewith, both secured at their opposite ends to the respective cross bars and held under tension thereby and in elevated relation to the base, and means for progressively flexing the tensioned stencil sheet and inking pad to impart a progressive momentary inking contact to the copy sheet.

6. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a base, an open frame consisting of side rails and cross connections, means for hinging the frame to the base at one end, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar and a movable stencil carrying cross bar, both carried by the frame in spaced relation to one another, spring means for holding the movable cross bar in yieldable relation with respect to the frame, a stencil sheet and an inking pad in facewise contact therewith, both secured at their opposite ends to the respective cross bars and held under tension thereby and in elevated relation to the base, and means for progressively flexing the tensioned stencil sheet and inking pad to impart a progressive momentary inking contact to the copy sheet.

7. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a base, an open frame consisting of side rails and cross connections, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar and a movable stencil carrying cross bar, both carried by the frame in spaced relation to one another, spring means for holding the movable cross bar in yieldable relation with respect to the frame, a stencil sheet and an inking pad in facewise contact therewith, both secured at their opposite ends to the respective cross bars and held under tension thereby and in elevated relation to the base, and a roller adapted to operate within the side rails of the frame to flex the tensioned stencil sheet and inking pad and to bring the stencil sheet into momentary progressive contact with the copy sheet during the printing operation.

8. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a base, an open frame consisting of side rails and cross connections, means for hinging the frame to the base at one end, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar and a movable stencil carrying cross bar, both carried by the frame in spaced relation to one another, spring means for holding the movable cross bar in yieldable relation with respect to the frame, a stencil sheet and an inking pad in facewise contact therewith, both secured at their opposite ends to the respective cross bars and held under tension thereby and in elevated relation to the base, and a roller adapted to operate within the side rails of the frame to flex the tensioned stencil sheet and inking pad and to bring the stencil sheet into momentary progressive contact with the copy sheet during the printing operation.

9. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a base, an open frame consisting of side rails and cross connections, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar and a movable stencil carrying cross bar, both carried by the frame in spaced relation to one another, spring means for holding the movable cross bar in yieldable relation with respect to the frame, a stencil sheet an inking pad in facewise contact therewith, and a backing sheet, all secured at their opposite ends to the respective cross bars, and a corrugated roller adapted to operate with the side rails of the frame to flex the stencil sheet and inking pad and to bring the stencil sheet into momentary progressive contact with the copy sheet during the printing operation.

10. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a base, an open frame consisting of side rails and cross connections, means for hinging the frame to the base at one end, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar and a movable stencil carrying cross bar, both carried by the frame in spaced relation to one another, spring means for holding the movable cross bar in yieldable relation with respect to the frame, a stencil sheet an inking pad in facewise contact therewith, and a backing sheet, all secured at their opposite ends to the respective cross bars, and a corrugated roller adapted to operate within the side rails of the frame to flex the stencil sheet and inking and to bring the stencil sheet into momentary progressive contact with the copy sheet during the printing operation.

11. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a flat base, an open frame comprising side rails and cross connections, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar secured to the fram at one end, a movable stencil carrying cross bar slidably mounted within the side rails of the frame at the opposite end, a pair of spring backed plungers engaging the opposite ends of the movable cross bar for normally imparting a spring thrust thereto in a direction away from the fixed cross bar, a stencil sheet, an inking pad and an im pervious backing sheet in facevvise contact respectively with one another and having their opposite ends secured respectively to the fixed cross bar and the spring backed cross bar and held under tension thereby and elevated relaticn to the base, and means adapted to traverse the stencil sheet and apply pressure thereto to flex the tensioned stencil sheet toward the base to effect inking contact of the copy sheet carried by the base.

12. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a flat base, an open frame comprising side rails and cross connections, means for hinging said side rails at one end to the base, to permit lifting of the frame, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar secured to the frame at one end, a movable stencil carrying cross bar slidably mounted within the side rails of the frame at the opposite end, a pair of spring backed plungers engaging the opposite ends of the movable cross bar for normally imparting a spring thrust thereto in a direction away from the fixed cross bar, a stencil sheet, an inking pad and an impervious backing sheet in facewise contact respectively with one another and having their opposite ends secured respectively to the fixed cross bar and the spring backed cross bar and held under tension thereby and in elevated relation to the base, and means adapted to traverse the tensioned stencil sheet and apply pressure thereto to flex the stencil sheet toward the base to effect inking contact of the copy sheet carried by the base. i

13. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a fiat base, an open frame comprising side rails and cross connections, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar secured to the frame at one end, a movable stencil carrying cross bar slidably mounted within the side rails of the frame at the opposite end, a pair of spring backed plungers engaging t e opposite ends of the movable cross bar for normally imparting a spring thrust thereto in a direction away from the fixed cross bar, a stencil sheet, an inking pad and an impervious backing sheet'having their opposite ends secured respectively to the fixed cross bar and the spring backed cross bar, and a corrugated roller adapted to traverse the stencil sheet and apply pressure thereto to flex the stencil sheet toward the base to effect inking contact of the copy sheet carried by the base.

14. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a fiat base, an open frame comprising side rails and cross connections, means for hinging said side rails at one end to the base to permit lifting of the frame, a fixed stencil carrying cross bar secured to the frame at one end, a movable stencil carrying cross bar slidably mounted within the side rails of the frame at the opposite end, a pair of spring backed plungers engaging the opposite ends of the movable cross bar for normally imparting a spring thrust thereto in a direction away from the fixed cross bar, a stencil sheet, an inking pad and an impervious backing sheet having their opposite ends secured respectively to the fixed cross bar and the spring backed cross bar, and a corrugated roller adapted to traverse the stencil sheet and apply pressure thereto to flex the stencil sheet toward the base to effect inking contact of the copy sheet carried by the base.

RICHARD BESOCKE.

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