US1955931A

US1955931A - Crusher roll mechanism

Info

Publication number: US1955931A
Application number: US533805A
Authority: US
Inventors: Herbert E Preston
Original assignee: American Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: American Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 1931-04-29
Filing date: 1931-04-29
Publication date: 1934-04-24
Anticipated expiration: 1951-04-24
Also published as: GB373441A; DE582460C; FR720053A

Description

April 24, 1934. PRESTQN CRUSHER ROLL MECHANISM Filed April 29, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet l April 24. 1934. H. E. PRESTON 'CRUSHER ROLL MECHANISM Filed April 29, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 57/8 1231 fi f E es??? 5 or 5 April 24, 1934. H. E. PRESTON CRUSHER ROLL MECHANISM Filed A rii 29, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 yew/7 Patented Apr. 24, 1934 I CRUSHER ROLL MECHANISM Herbert E. Preston, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to American Engineering Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application April 29, 1981, Serial No. 533,805

4 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in crusher roll mechanism of a type adapted for use in the ash pits of mechanical stoker furnaces.

One object of the invention is to provide a novel and generally improved system of actuating the crusher rolls.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel driving mechanism better adapted than the corresponding mechanisms of the prior art for actuation of crusher rolls of considerable length.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel crusher roll operating mechanism permitting a reduction in the size and weight of the crusher rolls and their shafts.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel operating mechanism for crusher rolls that shall include provision for protecting the said mechanism from excessive heat and from the abrasive effects of the fuel residue.

The invention further resides in certain novel and advantageous structural details hereinafter set forth and illustrated in the attached drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view through a typical crusher roll pit as constructed in accordance with my invention; I

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional View illustrating details of the roll-operating mechanism, said section being taken on the line -22, Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3, Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to that of Fig. 2 and taken on the line 4-4, Fig. 5, illustrating a modified form of the operating mechanism; I

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5, Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional View on the line 66, Fig. 7, illustrating the details of a further embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 7 is a section on the line '77, Fig. 6,-and

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary elevational view illustrating a still further modification.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawings, 1 and -2 designate respectively the front and rear walls of a typical Stoker-furnace crusherpit. Extending between these walls is a series of transverse beams 3 which carry bearings 4 for a pair of crusher rolls 5 and 6 respectively. Suspended from brackets 7 at the inner sides of they walls 1 and 2 are crusher plates 8 and 9 which respectively cooperate with the rolls 5 and 6 in well known manner to reduce the fuel residue emptied into the pit above the rolls. In the present instance, the crusher plates 8 and 9 are adjustable with respect to their respective associated rolls through the medium of shafts 11 and 12 journaled in brackets 13 on the outer sides of the Walls 1 and 2, each of the shafts having arms 14 which are connected with the respective crusher plates by connecting rods 15 which extend through the said walls 1 and 2, adjustment of the plates thus being accomplished from the outside of the pit. The crusher rolls 5 and 6 are adapted to be intermittently rotated in the directions indicated by the arrows through pawl and ratchet mechanism hereinafter described in detail and designated generally in Fig. 1 by the reference numeral 16. These pawl and ratchet mechanisms are connected in the present instance through rods 17 and 18 to a plunger operated by fluid pressure in a cylinder 19, and the arrangement is such that in one direction of movement of the plunger, one only of said crusher rolls is operated, while the return movement of the plunger operates only the other of said crusher rolls.

Heretofore it has been the practice in crusher roll construction to utilize a shaft for each roll projecting beyond one or both ends of the crusher pit, and to actuate the rolls by mechanism associated with the projecting ends of the shafts. The tendency to construct large furnaces has made this method of crusher roll drive increas ingly more impracticable by reason of the necessity for continually increasing the size and strength of the shaft in order to enable it to withstand the torsional strains to which it is subjected. In accordance with the present invention, I provide a plurality of roll-actuating mechanisms located at various points throughout the length of the crusher rolls, these mechanisms either operating jointly to actuate the entire roll or being associated with independently rotatable sections of the roll whereby the torsional strain is distributed with substantial uniformity over the length of the crusher rolls. This system of crusher roll drive not only affords a superior control of the crusher roll operation but makes possible the use of a relatively light and inexpensive crusher roll construction and a substantial saving in the power required for operation. These advantages are obtained without sacrifice of strength and ruggedness.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings, I have therein illustrated the adjacent ends of adjoining rolls, these rolls being designated respectively by the

reference numerals

21 and 22. In a preferred embodiment, each of the rolls comprises a hollow cylindrical body member 23, in each end of which is secured by means for example of bolts 24 a header 25, this header having a central cylindrical opening adapted for reception of a shaft 26. The rolls further comprise a plurality of teeth 27 projecting from the outer peripheral surface and secured in position in the present instance through the medium of rods 28 projecting through and beyond the cylindrical body and to which the teeth are attached by means of bolts 29, suitable means being provided, such, for example, as the pin 31 for retaining the rod 28 in position in the cylindrical body.

Fixed to the shaft 26 immediately adjacent the end of the roll 23 is a ratchet wheel 32 having a hub portion 33 upon which is journaled for oscillation a bifurcated yoke or lever 34. This yoke carries intermediate its bifurcations, and pivotally mounted upon a pin 35 supported in the yoke, a pawl 36, the pawl having attached thereto a weight 37 which in the normal operative position of the mechanism as illustrated tends to retain the point of the pawl in operative engagement with the ratchet 32. It is to the lower depending ends of the yoke 34 that the rods 17 and 18 are attached, as illustrated in Fig. 1. Oscillation of the yoke results in an intermittent rotation of the shaft 26 in one direction. Where the two

rolls

21 and 22 are actuated by the pawl and ratchet mechanism 32-34, the shaft 26 will be connected by suitable means to the headers 25 of the two rolls. If, however, the crusher roll is of sectional design, and the roll 21 forms a part of one section while the roll 22 constitutes a part of another, the shaft 26 may be secured to one of the rolls only, being freely rotatable in the header 25 of the other. In such event the latter roll will receive its motion from a diiferent ratchet. As illustrated, a bearing 38 is provided for the shaft 26 intermediate the said rolls.

It is sometimes desirable to protect the ratchet mechanism in the interior of the ash pit from the abrading effects of the ash, and a device of this character is illustrated in Figs; 4 and 5. In this instance, the adjacent rolls 41 and 42 are associated in the manner previously described with a shaft 43, this shaft being supported in bearings 44, 44, located immediately adjacent the ends of the respective rolls. Intermediate the bearings 44, the shaft carries a ratchet wheel 45, and upon the hub portion 46 of this wheel is journaled a bifurcated yoke 47 which carries a pawl 48 in operative association with the ratchet wheel. The pawl is pivotally mounted upon a pin 49 extending transversely between the arms of the yoke 4'7, and a weight 51 is provided which normally maintains the pawl in operative contact with the ratchet. Mounted upon the yoke 4'? is a cap member 62, this cap having inwardly projecting flanges 53 which engage the rounded top and upper side portions of the said yoke, and having also outer flanges 54 which extend downwardly and around the shaft 43 to eifectively enclose the ends of the cap and to form a highly effective shield preventing passage of ashes to the ratchet mechanism. Bolts 55 maintain the cap 52 in position upon the yoke. The ratchet mechanism is thus not only protected against the abrasive effects of the ash within the ash pit but also is protected against deteriorating heat effects.

'It will be apparent that the cap 52 oscillates with the yoke. In order to prevent accuinulations of ash above the cap, the latter is provided with teeth 56 which project from the'upper portion of the cap, as shown in Fig. 5, and which are secured in position through the medium of bars 57 secured by bolts 58 in the cap and projecting through openings in the latter beyond the peripheral face, the teeth being secured to the projecting ends of the bars by bolts (not shown), and after the manner previously described.

Figs. 6 and '7 illustrate a further embodiment of my invention in which the ratchet 61 is secured directly in the end of the cylindrical crusher roll body 62. This ratchet is of the internal type and is actuated through the medium of a pawl 63 pivotally mounted upon a pin 64 extending between the flanges 65 and 66 of a pawl lever 67 journaled on the roll shaft 68. The upper portion of the lever 67 constitutes in effect an end closure for the hollow cylindrical crusher roll 62 tending to prevent passage of ash to the ratchet mechanism and also protecting the mechanism from the high temperatures of the ash pit. The lever 67 extends downwardly at 69 to provide means for attaching thereto mechanism for oscillating the lever to rotate the roll.

Fig. 8 shows another means for protecting the roll-actuating mechanism. In this instance an outwardly tapered casing 71 is provided supported on the bearing '72, the casing deflecting the ashes to the rolls on both sides and protecting the ratchet gear '73.

There may be other modifications without departure from the invention.

I claim:

1. A crusher roll for ash pits and the like comprising aligned cylindrical sections, an intermediate shaft, bearings for said shaft, a ratchet wheel carried by said shaft, a yoke member adapted for oscillation with respect tosaid ratchet Wheel, a pawl carried by said yoke member and cooperative with said ratchet wheel, a cap member carried by said yoke member and overlying and protecting the ratchet mechanism, and teeth secured to and projecting from the surface of said cap member. I

2. A crusher roll for ash pits and the like comprising a hollow cylindrical body member, a supporting shaft for said member, an internal ratchet wheel secured in the end of said body member, a lever mounted for oscillation on said shaft, and a pawl carried by the lever for cooperation with said ratchet wheel, said lever having a flange positioned closely adjacent the extremity of the cylindrical body member and constituting in effect a closure for the latter.

3. A crusher roll for ash pits and the like, comprising aligned hollow cylindrical sections, 2 an intermediate shaft secured toand extending between the adjoining ends of said sections, bearings for said shaft, a ratchet wheel carried by said shaft, a yoke'm'ember loosely mounted on said shaft, a pawl carried by said yoke member and cooperating with said ratchet wheel, whereby oscillation of said yoke member causes rotation of said roll, and a cap member carried by said yoke member and overlying and protecting the ratchet mechanism from the ash content of the pit.

4. A crusher roll for ash pits and the like, comprising aligned hollow cylindrical body members, a plurality'of short axially aligned shafts secured to and extending between the adjoining 135 ends of said sections, bearings for said shafts,

a plurality of roll actuating mechanisms distributed over the length of said roll, at least one of said mechanisms being disposed intermediate the ends of the roll and comprising an internal 140 ratchet wheel secured in the end of one of said body members, a lever mounted for oscillation on the associated shaft, and a pawl carried by the lever for cooperation with said ratchet wheel whereby oscillation of said lever causes rotation 145 of said crusher roll.

HERBERT E. PRESTON.