US1952490A - Dedusting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

March 27, 1934. H. E.'B RELSFIORD El AL 1,952,490.

- DEDUSTING APPARATUS Filed Afiril '7, 1930 S Shee ts-Sheet 1 ATTORN E75- Mafeh 1934. H. E. BRELSFORD Er AL 1,952,490

DEDUSTING APPARATUS Filed April 7, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 aiaidiq ififi 'a; "Bully? lflQlluullu llllllllull ATTORNEYS March 27, 1 934. a. BRELSFORD El AL 1,952,490

I DEDUSTING APPARATUS File April 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 A'ITORN EY.

Patented 27, 1934 1,952,490 nnnUs'rnvG APPARATUS Harry E. Brelsford and Willis P. ThomaaDetroit, v

Mich., and Norman L.v .Snow, NewCanaan, Conn., assignors to Diamond Power Specialty Corporation, Detroit, Mich.,' a corporation of Michigan Application April 7, 1930, Serial No. 442,350.

9 Claims. (01. 183-21) This invention relates to a de-dusting apparatus and has particular reference to an apparatus forremoving the objectionable dust contained in thegasesdischarged from boiler furnaces, blast furnaces or 'the like prior to the discharge of these gases into the atmosphere.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide means for directing the gases against wetted surfaces or the like to expose the dust carried 1 in the gas to these wetted surfaces so that the dust will remain in contact with the wetted surfaces and may be carried away by the wetting medium.

A further object of this invention is to provide means for dividing the gas stream-into a plurality of bands and to provide means for exposing every part of each band or layer of gas to a dust removing surface.

- The invention further contemplates the provision of a device by which the objectionable elements of a gaseous nature, such as sulphur fumes and the like, 'may be removed from the gas and the provision of an apparatus and process which will be continuous in operation. 1

A still further object of the invention is to provide a de-dusting apparatus of the abovementioned character in which the dust'collecting liquid may be recirculated through the apparatus and inwhich means are provided for periodically flushing the; apparatus to prevent clogging of the same by the dust or the like which is removed from the gas.

. Other objects and advantages of the invention together with the numerous details of construction will become more apparent as the following description proceeds, particularly when reference is had to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a semi-diagrammatic view of a dust collecting apparatus constructed in accordance with the teachings of this invention; Figure 2 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view through a portion of the structure shown in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail sectional view showing the mechanism for effecting a flushing of the wetting nozzles forming a part of the deduster; ,7 Figure 6 is a detail elevational view of a portion of the structure shown in Figure .5; Figure 7 is a semi-diagrammatic view similar to Figure 2 showing a further form of the inreceive the gas discharged from a boiler furnace, blast furnace or any other dust originating apparatus (not shown). Arranged in this gas passage and intermediate the ends of the same is a device designated generally by the reference character 11, adapted to remove the dust and other objectionable elements of a gaseous nature from the gas flowing through passage 10 prior to the discharge of this gas into the atmosphere. The dust and the like is removed from the gas by the use of a liquid in the device 11 in a manner which will hereinafter be more fully described and this liquid carrying with it the elements removed from the gas is discharged from the device 11 by a conduit 12 which discharges into a tank 13.

From the tank 13 a discharge conduit is extends to the drum 15 of a centrifuge in. which the solid matter is separated from the liquid. A valve 16 in the conduit, 14 provides means for cuttin off the flow of liquid to the centrifuge during cleaning of the latter while a heat exchange unit 17 associated with the conduit 14 provides means for heating the dust laden liquid prior to its discharge into the centrifuge to lower its viscosity.

' The centrifuge includes the rotatable drum 15 supported on a suitable shaft 18 which in turn is mounted for rotation in spaced bearings 19. A motor 20 provides means for rotating the shaft and drum while a discharge conduit. 21, having its inlet end arranged within the drum of the centrifuge, provides means for conducting the clean liquid separated from the solid matter to a tank 22. A pump 23 connected to the tank 22 by i a conduit 24 provides means for returning the purified liquid to the" device '11 through a conduit 25. 4 I

j The devices .11 may assume any one of a number ofdiflerent forms and comprises broadly means for dividing the gas stream into a plurality-of nne bands, means for directing these bands of the-gas-into. intimate contact with dust and the like collected on these wetted surfaces. As shown in Figure 2, the device 11 may include an elongated casing 50 having its inlet end 51 arranged to receive the gas from one section of the passage 10 and having its outlet end 52 adapted to discharge the purified gas into the other section of the passage 10. Within the casing there may be provided a plurality of plates 53 which may be arranged in groups, as illustrated and designated A, B and C. The plates may be spaced as shown and the plates in the successive sections may be offset slightly so as to cut the gas into relatively narrow bands.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4 there is provided a compartment 54 above the plates 53 in which the liquid used for wetting the surfaces of the plates is stored. Nozzles 55 arranged in the bottom of this compartment or tank are so spaced as to cover each plate with a film of liquid which thus flows downwardly over the plates into a compartment 56 formed in the bottom of the casing below the plates 53. The lower wall 5'7 of this compartment may be inclined, as illustrated in Figure 4, so as to direct the dust laden liquid to the end of the casing from which it may be drained by the outlet pipe 12. 'If desired, suitable conduits 58 may be arranged within the tank 54 for receiving steam or some other heating medium to raise the temperature of the liquid in this tank.

The nozzles 55 may be formed as shown in Figures 5 and 6 and by referring to these figures, it will be noted that each nozzle includes a tubular body 60 secured into the bottom of the tank 54 by welding, pressing, threading or other suitable means. As illustrated, .the upper edge of this nozzle extends above the bottom'of the tank to prevent dirt and sediment settling in the tank from clogging the inlet end of the nozzle. At the lower end of the tube 60 there is provided a cup-like member 61 provided on its upper edge with recesses 62 adapted to cooperate with. recesses 63 formed in the lower edge of the tube to form narrow slot-like openings through which the liquid is discharged toward the plates 53. This cup-like member is ,free from connection with the tube but is normally supported in abutting contact with the lower end of the tube by a rod 64 which is mounted for reciprocation in suitable guides 65 carried by the tube 60. The

upper end of this rod is connected to a lever 66 fulcrumed as at 6'7 within the tank 54 and the opposite end of this lever is preferably connected to a link 68 carried by a float 69, there being a pin and slot connection between the link and lever. The arrangement is such that if the nozzles become clogged with dirt or the like, the rise of the level of the water within the tank raises the float 69 to rock the lever 66 and to thus move the member 61 downwardly away from the lower end of the tube 60. The water is thus allowed to flush the nozzle thoroughly and wash out any foreign matter which may have worked its way into the opening of the nozzle. When the rod 64 is again returned to its normal position the plate 61 again engages the end of the tube 60 resulting in a reforming of the spraying opening in the nozzle with the result that the normal operation of the nozzle is again resumed. The lever 66 may be operated automatically upon an increase in the water level as described or may be operated periodically to effect a flushing of the nozzles at regular intervals.

, 1,952,490 i wetted surfaces and means for carrying away the In Figures '7 to 11 inclusive, there is shown a device in which the plates may be moved across the flow of the gas. Referring then to these figures, the numeral 120 designates a suitable casing which may be arranged in the gas passage 10, this casing being provided with the central passage 121 coincident with the gas passage and with the side chambers 122 and 123. Groups of plates 124 may be arranged within the casing, these groups being arranged in sections E, F, G and H, the plates in sections G and H being shown, in this instance, as curved. It will be obvious that the plates may be of any character as above described and may be arranged relative to chains being of equal length and being of a,

length sufiicient, when extended, to space the plates the desired distance apart. Associated with the casing 120 are endless chains 126 provided with lugs 127 adapted to project into the passage 121 to engage the edges of the plates to move the same across the passage. There may be four of these endless chainsprovided, these chains being mounted on suitable sprocket wheels 128 which in turn are carried by shafts 129 and all of the shafts being connected by a suitable chain 130, whereby the shafts will be simultaneously rotated. A suitable drive gear 131 is mounted on a drive shaft 132 and engages gears 133 and 134 on the ends of two of theshafts 129 for eifecting a driving of all of the shafts.

As the chains 126 are actuated the plates will be moved across the passage 121 and as each jacent plate will be stretched taut to draw thenext adjacent plate into a position where it will be engaged by the next adjacent lugs on the chains. Thus upon actuation of the chains the plates may be moved from one compartment at one side of the gas passage to the other compartment, after which the travel of the chains may be reversed to move the plates in an opposite direction across the gas passage and into the other storage chamber.

Arranged in each storage chamber are a plurality of nozzles 135 which receive liquid from tanks 136 and which direct this liquid against the sides of the platesas they are moved into the storage compartments to wash the dust and the like from the same. The dust laden liquid may be drained from,the storage compartments by suitable conduits 137 which may connect into the conduit 12 shown in Figure 1. In actual opera- ,tion of the device, the plates in section E may be moved in the direction of the arrow, while the plates in section F are moved in the opposite direction as indicated. The plates in section G may be moved in the same direction as are the plates in section E, while the plates in section H may be moved in the opposite direction.

The plates 124 may be supported in any desired manner within the casing for the movement above described. Thus, if desired, suitable hangers 138 may be fixed to the tops of the plates, these hangers being provided with T heads 139 .slidably mounted in guideways 140 carried by the top of the casing. Thus the plates are suspended from the guideways, and it will be ap -ways as there are suspending brackets associated with each plate.

It is to be understood that wherever the term plate-like member is used, whether it be in the specification or in the appended claims, this term does not necessarily mean a member having a plane surface, but is intended to cover a memher having any form of surface either plane or irregular.

means responsive to the level of fluid in saidreservoir for flushing said fluid discharge means to prevent clogging of the same with' sediment and the like.

2. In combination, a gas passage, a plate-like member arranged within said gas passage, a liquid reservoir, a nozzle for directing a liquid from said reservoir adjacent the surface of said platelike member, and means controlled by the level of the liquid in the reservoir for periodically flushing said nozzle to clean the same.

3. In combination, a gas passage, a casing arranged in said gas passage, a plate-like member in said casing, aliquid tank associated with said casing, a tubular member associated with said liquid tank and providing communication between said liquid tank and said casing, a cap member associated with the end of said tubular member and cooperating therewith to form dischargenozzles, and means controlled by the level of the'liquid in said tank to move said cap member away from said tubular member to efiect a flushing of said nozzles.

4. In a device of the character described, th

combination with a gas passage, of aplurality of plate-like members, means for moving said plate-like members into and out of said gas passage, and means disposed on opposite sides of said passage for discharging a wetting and cleaning fluid over said members while the same are out of said passage.

5. In a device of the character described, a

gas passage, means providing chambers on opposite sides of said gas passage, plate-like members in said gas passage for movement into and out of said chambers, means for moving said plate-like members from one of said chambers to the other and transversely of said gas passage, and means for discharging a dust collecting liquid on said plate-like members while the same are in said chambers.

6. In a device of the character described, a gas passage, a plurality of bafiie members, means for moving said baflle members from a position outside of said passage on one side thereof transversely of said passage to a position outside of said passage on the other side thereof, and means disposed on opposite sides of the passage for discharging a wetting and cleaning fluid over said baflles while the same are outside of said passage. '7. In combination, a gas passage, a dustcollecting member arranged in said gas passage, fluid discharge means for wetting the surface of said dust collecting member, and means operatingin response to 'a diminution in the quantity of fluid discharged by said means incident to a clogging of the discharge means with sediment and the like to clean the said discharge means.

8. In combination, a gas passage, a plurality of dust collecting members arranged in said passage, a liquid reservoir, discharge means associated with said reservoir for discharging a liquid on the surfaces of said dust collecting members, and means controlled by the level-of the liquid in said reservoir for cleaning said discharge means.

9. In a device of the character described, a gas passage, a plurality of interconnected baffles reciprocable through the gas passage from a position outside the gas passage at one side thereof to a second position outside of the gas passage on the opposite side thereof, and means for cleaning said baflle's in each of said positions.

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