US1946312A - X-ray tube - Google Patents

X-ray tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US1946312A
US1946312A US523823A US52382331A US1946312A US 1946312 A US1946312 A US 1946312A US 523823 A US523823 A US 523823A US 52382331 A US52382331 A US 52382331A US 1946312 A US1946312 A US 1946312A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
window
metal
tube
ray tube
grid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US523823A
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English (en)
Inventor
William D Coolidge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE355009D priority Critical patent/BE355009A/xx
Priority to FR662052D priority patent/FR662052A/fr
Priority to GB30000/28A priority patent/GB298987A/en
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US523823A priority patent/US1946312A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1946312A publication Critical patent/US1946312A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
    • H01J35/18—Windows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/12—Cooling
    • H01J2235/1204—Cooling of the anode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/12—Cooling
    • H01J2235/1225—Cooling characterised by method
    • H01J2235/1262—Circulating fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/16—Vessels
    • H01J2235/165—Shielding arrangements
    • H01J2235/168—Shielding arrangements against charged particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to X-ray tubes and more particularly to X-ray tubes adapted to operate at voltages which are low, compared with the voltages ordinarily employed with X-ray tubes.
  • a window of this type having a thickness of about one-half mil is, for 8000 volt X-rays, slightly more transparent than a 12 mil Window of Lindemann glass and for 4000 volt X-rays such a metal window is much more transparent than the Lindemann glass.
  • a metal window is more desirable than glass since metal can be rolled to a definite and uniform thickness providing in this manner an X-ray out put which is uniform in all tubes having equal excitation.
  • Metal windows have the disadvantage that the allowable energy input of the tube may be limited due to the heating of the window by bombardment of electrons reflected from the target.
  • Fig. 1 an X-ray tube comprising a glass portion 1 and a metal portion 2, the latter portion being provided with a thin metal window 3, very transparent to X-rays and consisting of a ferro-chrome alloy containing about 25 chromium and having a thickness of about one-half mil.
  • a cathode 4 mounted in the metal portion of the tube and adjacent the window 3 is a cathode 4 and an anode between which a suitable potential may be applied, this anode being provided with a target 5.
  • a metal grid 6 is mounted between the anode or target 5 and the metal win dow.
  • Grid 6 may be metallically connected to the cathode element or insulated therefrom and from the anode, as desired. If the grid is insulated from the cathode and anode it will at first be bombarded by electrons until it has acquired cathode potential.
  • the grid will thereafter electrostatically prevent electrons from going to the window and will cause electrons which would otherwise go there to be deflected so that they will strike some other portion of the metal envelope 2 or be turned back on the target itself. Substantially the same action takes place when the grid is metallically connected to the cathode. In the latter case the grid is initially at cathode potential and will electrostatically prevent electrons from going from the target to the metal window.
  • An X-ray tube including an envelope and containing an anode and a cathode, said tube having a metal window electrically connected to said anode and transparent to X-rays, and means for electrostatically protecting the window from electron bombardment, said means comprising a grid positioned intermediate the target and the window, and a connection between the grid and the cathode.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
US523823A 1927-10-18 1931-03-19 X-ray tube Expired - Lifetime US1946312A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE355009D BE355009A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1927-10-18
FR662052D FR662052A (fr) 1927-10-18 1928-10-12 Perfectionnements apportés aux tubes à rayons chi
GB30000/28A GB298987A (en) 1927-10-18 1928-10-17 Improvements in and relating to x-ray tubes
US523823A US1946312A (en) 1927-10-18 1931-03-19 X-ray tube

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22702727A 1927-10-18 1927-10-18
US523823A US1946312A (en) 1927-10-18 1931-03-19 X-ray tube

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1946312A true US1946312A (en) 1934-02-06

Family

ID=26921079

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US523823A Expired - Lifetime US1946312A (en) 1927-10-18 1931-03-19 X-ray tube

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1946312A (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE355009A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR662052A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB298987A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3679927A (en) * 1970-08-17 1972-07-25 Machlett Lab Inc High power x-ray tube
EP0491471A3 (en) * 1990-11-21 1992-09-30 Varian Associates, Inc. High power x-ray tube
WO2009127995A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh X-ray tube with passive ion collecting electrode
US20100290595A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-18 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals X-ray tube having a rotating and linearly translating anode
US20100290594A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-18 Jihad Hassan Al-Sadah X-ray tube having a rotating and linearly translating anode
US9390881B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2016-07-12 Sigray, Inc. X-ray sources using linear accumulation
US9448190B2 (en) 2014-06-06 2016-09-20 Sigray, Inc. High brightness X-ray absorption spectroscopy system
US9449781B2 (en) 2013-12-05 2016-09-20 Sigray, Inc. X-ray illuminators with high flux and high flux density
US9594036B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-03-14 Sigray, Inc. X-ray surface analysis and measurement apparatus
EP3168856A2 (en) 2013-09-19 2017-05-17 Sigray Inc. X-ray sources using linear accumulation
US10247683B2 (en) 2016-12-03 2019-04-02 Sigray, Inc. Material measurement techniques using multiple X-ray micro-beams
US10269528B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2019-04-23 Sigray, Inc. Diverging X-ray sources using linear accumulation
US10295486B2 (en) 2015-08-18 2019-05-21 Sigray, Inc. Detector for X-rays with high spatial and high spectral resolution
US10295485B2 (en) 2013-12-05 2019-05-21 Sigray, Inc. X-ray transmission spectrometer system
US10297359B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2019-05-21 Sigray, Inc. X-ray illumination system with multiple target microstructures
US10304580B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2019-05-28 Sigray, Inc. Talbot X-ray microscope
US10349908B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2019-07-16 Sigray, Inc. X-ray interferometric imaging system
US10352880B2 (en) 2015-04-29 2019-07-16 Sigray, Inc. Method and apparatus for x-ray microscopy
US10401309B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2019-09-03 Sigray, Inc. X-ray techniques using structured illumination
US10416099B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2019-09-17 Sigray, Inc. Method of performing X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectrometer system
US10578566B2 (en) 2018-04-03 2020-03-03 Sigray, Inc. X-ray emission spectrometer system
US10656105B2 (en) 2018-08-06 2020-05-19 Sigray, Inc. Talbot-lau x-ray source and interferometric system
US10658145B2 (en) 2018-07-26 2020-05-19 Sigray, Inc. High brightness x-ray reflection source
US10845491B2 (en) 2018-06-04 2020-11-24 Sigray, Inc. Energy-resolving x-ray detection system
US10962491B2 (en) 2018-09-04 2021-03-30 Sigray, Inc. System and method for x-ray fluorescence with filtering
USRE48612E1 (en) 2013-10-31 2021-06-29 Sigray, Inc. X-ray interferometric imaging system
US11056308B2 (en) 2018-09-07 2021-07-06 Sigray, Inc. System and method for depth-selectable x-ray analysis
US11152183B2 (en) 2019-07-15 2021-10-19 Sigray, Inc. X-ray source with rotating anode at atmospheric pressure
US12181423B1 (en) 2023-09-07 2024-12-31 Sigray, Inc. Secondary image removal using high resolution x-ray transmission sources
US12278080B2 (en) 2022-01-13 2025-04-15 Sigray, Inc. Microfocus x-ray source for generating high flux low energy x-rays
US12360067B2 (en) 2022-03-02 2025-07-15 Sigray, Inc. X-ray fluorescence system and x-ray source with electrically insulative target material

Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3679927A (en) * 1970-08-17 1972-07-25 Machlett Lab Inc High power x-ray tube
EP0491471A3 (en) * 1990-11-21 1992-09-30 Varian Associates, Inc. High power x-ray tube
EP0991106A3 (en) * 1990-11-21 2000-05-03 Varian Associates, Inc. High power X-Ray tube
US20110038463A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2011-02-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. X-ray tube with passive ion collecting electrode
WO2009127995A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh X-ray tube with passive ion collecting electrode
US8351576B2 (en) 2008-04-17 2013-01-08 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. X-ray tube with passive ion collecting electrode
US8259905B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2012-09-04 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals X-ray tube having a rotating and linearly translating anode
US7852987B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2010-12-14 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals X-ray tube having a rotating and linearly translating anode
US20100290594A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-18 Jihad Hassan Al-Sadah X-ray tube having a rotating and linearly translating anode
US20100290595A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-18 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals X-ray tube having a rotating and linearly translating anode
US10269528B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2019-04-23 Sigray, Inc. Diverging X-ray sources using linear accumulation
US9390881B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2016-07-12 Sigray, Inc. X-ray sources using linear accumulation
US10976273B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2021-04-13 Sigray, Inc. X-ray spectrometer system
US10416099B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2019-09-17 Sigray, Inc. Method of performing X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectrometer system
EP3168856A2 (en) 2013-09-19 2017-05-17 Sigray Inc. X-ray sources using linear accumulation
US10297359B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2019-05-21 Sigray, Inc. X-ray illumination system with multiple target microstructures
US10304580B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2019-05-28 Sigray, Inc. Talbot X-ray microscope
USRE48612E1 (en) 2013-10-31 2021-06-29 Sigray, Inc. X-ray interferometric imaging system
US10653376B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2020-05-19 Sigray, Inc. X-ray imaging system
US10349908B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2019-07-16 Sigray, Inc. X-ray interferometric imaging system
US10295485B2 (en) 2013-12-05 2019-05-21 Sigray, Inc. X-ray transmission spectrometer system
US9449781B2 (en) 2013-12-05 2016-09-20 Sigray, Inc. X-ray illuminators with high flux and high flux density
US9594036B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-03-14 Sigray, Inc. X-ray surface analysis and measurement apparatus
US10401309B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2019-09-03 Sigray, Inc. X-ray techniques using structured illumination
US9448190B2 (en) 2014-06-06 2016-09-20 Sigray, Inc. High brightness X-ray absorption spectroscopy system
US10352880B2 (en) 2015-04-29 2019-07-16 Sigray, Inc. Method and apparatus for x-ray microscopy
US10295486B2 (en) 2015-08-18 2019-05-21 Sigray, Inc. Detector for X-rays with high spatial and high spectral resolution
US10466185B2 (en) 2016-12-03 2019-11-05 Sigray, Inc. X-ray interrogation system using multiple x-ray beams
US10247683B2 (en) 2016-12-03 2019-04-02 Sigray, Inc. Material measurement techniques using multiple X-ray micro-beams
US10578566B2 (en) 2018-04-03 2020-03-03 Sigray, Inc. X-ray emission spectrometer system
US10845491B2 (en) 2018-06-04 2020-11-24 Sigray, Inc. Energy-resolving x-ray detection system
US10989822B2 (en) 2018-06-04 2021-04-27 Sigray, Inc. Wavelength dispersive x-ray spectrometer
US10658145B2 (en) 2018-07-26 2020-05-19 Sigray, Inc. High brightness x-ray reflection source
US10991538B2 (en) 2018-07-26 2021-04-27 Sigray, Inc. High brightness x-ray reflection source
US10656105B2 (en) 2018-08-06 2020-05-19 Sigray, Inc. Talbot-lau x-ray source and interferometric system
US10962491B2 (en) 2018-09-04 2021-03-30 Sigray, Inc. System and method for x-ray fluorescence with filtering
US11056308B2 (en) 2018-09-07 2021-07-06 Sigray, Inc. System and method for depth-selectable x-ray analysis
US11152183B2 (en) 2019-07-15 2021-10-19 Sigray, Inc. X-ray source with rotating anode at atmospheric pressure
US12278080B2 (en) 2022-01-13 2025-04-15 Sigray, Inc. Microfocus x-ray source for generating high flux low energy x-rays
US12360067B2 (en) 2022-03-02 2025-07-15 Sigray, Inc. X-ray fluorescence system and x-ray source with electrically insulative target material
US12181423B1 (en) 2023-09-07 2024-12-31 Sigray, Inc. Secondary image removal using high resolution x-ray transmission sources

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB298987A (en) 1929-11-14
FR662052A (fr) 1929-08-02
BE355009A (enrdf_load_html_response)

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