US1944488A - Warm air furnace - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 23, 1934. i| A, BERTOSSA 1,944,488

WARM AIR FURNACE gmc/Wto@ u s k V) #ary/Z. Berta ssl` Jan.`23, 1934. H, A, BERTossA 1,944,488

WARM AIR FURNACE Filed OOC. 24, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 me/who@ v /arzy Bert ossa @Wma/13.0

Patented Jan. 23, 1934 PATENT OFFICE WARM AIR FURNACE Harry A. Bertossa, Detroit, Mich., assigner of one-half to James Rodney Weeks, Birmingham,

Mich.

Application October 24, 1932. Serial No. 639,339

, 13 Claims.

This invention relates generally to heating apparatus and refers more particularly to warm air furnaces. n

One of the essential objects of the invention is to provide a furnace of this type wherein a combustion chamber is enclosed within an outer shell or casing and is provided with a fire box, a dome portion'and a depending flue portion.

Another object is to provide a furnace wherein 1o the outer shell or casing has a base portion provided at one side with an inlet for air and has avdome portion that tapers upwardly from the base portion and supports a mixingchamber kfor heated air.

Another object is to provide a furnaceY wherein the fire box has a downwardlytapering ash pit portion supported uponsuitable legs above the lower Vend of the casing so that air. from the inlet may flow beneath and around the same. Another object is to provide a furnace wherein the dome'portion ofthe combustion chamber cooperates with upright walls of the casing to provide restricted passages for air and 'tapers upwardly within and at a slightly different in-` clination than thefupwardly tapering dome portion of the casing so that upwardly flaring passages for air are provided therebetween.

Another object is to provide a furnace wherein means, preferably in the form of tubes, extend upwardly through the upwardly tapering dome of the combustion chamber in substantially parallel relation to the inclined walls thereof from points just below the restricted passages aforesaid. 35 V Another object is to provide a furnace wherein a ue extending upwardly in the casing constitutes an outlet for smoke from the depending iiue portion of the combustion chamber and a heat radiating member for the air circulating within the casing. 1 Y y A Another object is to provide a furnace wherein the rear horizontal portion of the combustion chamber and casing is constructed in such a way relative to the flue just mentioned that the flue and horizontal portion may be readily cleaned and kept free of sediment.l Y Another object is to provide a furnace wherein the opposed walls of the re box and depending flue portion of the combustion chamber are connected by a wall'of the dome portion that supports certain of the tubes extending upwardly through the dome portion and in addition to affording added heat radiating surfaces for the 55 air in the space therebetween cause such air to be directed to the lower ends of the tubes sup-v ported by saidwall of the dome portion.

Another object is to provide a furnace wherein the opposed walls of the re box and depending ue are arranged in such a way that oil used as fuel within the fire box will be eec-V tively prevented from passing directly vinto the flue.

Another object is to provide a furnace wherein means accessible from the front of the casing is provided for controlling the flow of air upwardly 4 uponl opposite sides of the combustion chamber.

Other objects, advantages and novel details of construction of this invention will be marde more apparent as this description proceeds, especially when considered in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view through a furnace embodying my invention taken on the line l-1 of Figure 2; 75 Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the "line 3--3 of Figure 2; j j

Figure 4 is a sectional View taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 2. j

Referring now to the drawings, A is the casing or jacket; Bis the mixing chamber; VC is the blower or propeller, and D isthe combustion chamber of a furnace embodying my invention. As shown, the casing A has a base or body portion l provided in one side at its lower end with an inlet 2 for air from the blower C, and has a dome portion 3 that tapers upwardly from the upright walls of said base portion and supports the mixing chamber`B. The combustion chamber D is located within the casing A and is preferably provided with a fire box 4, a dome portion 5 and a depending flue portion 6. Preferably the fire box has a downwardly tapering ash pit chamber '7 provided with a suitable door 8 and supported upon suitable legsr9. As shown, a portion 10 of the casing A is offset inwardly in rear of this door and receives the projecting ends 11 of suitable grates 12 rwithin the iire box. A lining 13 of fire brick is preferably provided for the re box. The dome portionV 5 of the combustion chamber has a slightly different inclination than and terminates just below the upper end of the upwardly tapering dome portion 3 of the casing. Such dome portion 5 also has a tubular projection 14 extending through the casing A and provided with a door 15.

In order that the maximum e'iciency may be obtained the lower end of the dome of the combustion chamber overhangs the upper side v edges of the re box 4 and depending flue 6 and cooperates with the upright side walls 1d and 1b of the casing base 1 to provide restricted passages 16 and 17 respectively for air just below the upwardly tapering dome portions 3 and 5. In this connection it will be noted that portions 5a and 5b of the dome portion 5 diverge upwardly from the upright side walls 4a and 4b respectively of the fire box to points adjacent the upright walls 1a and 1b of the base 1 and then converge upwardly from said points to the top 5e of said dome portion. Preferably the upwardly converging walls 1c and 1d of the dome portion 3 of the casing cooperate with the converging portions 5c and 5d of the' dome portion 5 to form air passages 5m and 512. which extend upwardly from the restricted passages 16 and 17 to the top 5e of the dome portion 5. As shown, these passages 5m and 5u gradually increase in cross sectional area from their lower to their upper ends. Tubes 18 extend Yupwardly through the diverging portions 5a and 5b of therdome 5 yof the combustion chamber in substantially parallel relation to the inclined walls 5c and 5d thereof from points just below the restricted passages 16 and 17 to points just above the top 5e of the dome and are adapted to conduct air from the spaces 19 and 20 respectively between the fire box 4 and casing to the mixing chamber B. In this connection it will be noted that the spaces 19 and 20 are restricted with respect to the space 7a in the casing about the downwardly tapering ash pit chamber 7; and that the upwardly diverging portions 5a and 5b of the dome will cooperate with the upright walls 1a and 1b of theV casing to direct into the restricted passages 5m and 511. Athe air that is not received within the tubes 18.

In the present instance the smoke outlet comprises a flue 21 that extends upwardly within the casing A from a horizontal extension 22 of the depending flue 6 to an elbow 23 extending laterally outwardly through vthe casing. Preferably the outer end 24 of the extension 22 serves as a clean-out opening and has a door 25. Thus the flue 6 may be readily cleaned and kept free of sediment. Moreover, the construction and arrangement of the portion 6 and flue 21 is such that both constitute heat radiating members for the air within the casing. In this connection it will also be noted that the opposed walls 26 and 27 respectively of the fire box and flue 6 are connected by a wall 28 of the dome and that tubes 29 corresponding to the tubes 18 extend upwardly from this wall through the dome portion 5 of the combustion chamber and are adapted to conduct air from the space 3l) between said opposed walls 26 and 27 to the mixing chamber B. Thus the opposed walls 26 and 27 and wall 28 not only constitute added heat radiating l surfaces but also serve to direct the air to the tubes 29. Moreover, it will be noted that the wall 26 extends transversely of the combustion chamber at the rear of the grates 12 consequently such wall will effectively prevent oil when used as fuel from passing directly into the flue 6. In

- strips or dampers 3l and 32 respectively are hingedly mounted in the spaces 19'and 20 for controlling the upward flow of air and are operable from the front of the casing by suitable handles 33 and 34 respectively.

Thus from the foregoing it will be apparent that I have provided an extremely efficient structure wherein the air from the blower Crwill be forced upwardly around the re box 4 and through and around the dome 5 of the combustion chamber to the mixing chamber B from which it may be conducted by any suitable means such as the pipes 35 to the rooms to be heated. Preferably a battle 36 upstanding upon the top 5e of the dome portion 5 throughout its length is provided to divide the air from the converging upper ends of the inclined tubes 18 so that turbulence will be prevented. Thus, air from the passages 5m and 57i will rst commingle with air from the tubes 18 and will then be thoroughly commingled in the mixing chamber B before entering the pipes 35. Inasmuch as the ash pit chamber 7 isl spaced above the bottom of the furnace and is tapered downwardly, the air received in the casing from the blower is adapted to circulate beneath and around the combustion chamber. In fact, the construction is such that the pressure of the air builds up in the bottom of the casing A and such air is in effect squeezed upwardly substantially uniformly upon all sides of the combustionv chamber through the tubes 18 and 29 and passages 5m and 511.. The tapered formation of the dome portions 3 and 5 is such that the .air in passing therebetween will be directed in close proximity to the dome portion 5 so as to be heated thereby. Moreover the air within the casing A will be heated by the fire box 4 and flue 6, wall 28 and flue 21 with the result that the maximum heat absorption is obtained. Preferably the casing A and combustion chamber D and associated parts are built of steel and all joints are weldedso that a leak proof and sturdy construction is provided. In practice the apparatus may be readily installed and any suitable fuel may be used inv the fire box portion 4 of the combustion chamber.

What I claimv as my invention is:

1. In a furnace, aV casing having a base portion provided with an inlet for air and having an upwardly tapering dome portion, and a combustion chamber within the base portion in spaced relation thereto and having an upwardly tapering dome portion within and spaced from theV dome portion aforesaid of the casing, the lower end of said combustion chamber dome portion cooperating with a portion of the casing to form a restricted passage for air, tubes extending through the combustion chamber dome portion from points just below the restricted passage to points just above the dome portion, and a mixing chamber carried by the dome portion of the casing for receiving air from the restricted passage and from said tubes.

2. In a furnace, a casing having an upwardly converging domeportion, a mixing chamberon the'upper end of the dome portion having outlets in opposite sides thereof, a combustion chamber within the casing and having an upwardly converging dome portion within the dome portion of the casing, means for conducting air from the space between the combustion chamber and casing through the Vdome portion of the combustion chamber to the mixing chamber including tubes extending through the dome portion of the combustion chamber and converging at a point adjacent the upper end of the dome portion of the casing, and means upstanding upon iso V11,944,488 i the dome 'portion-of the 'combustion' chamber for dividing the 'air from the converging upper rends i of i the tubes `so that turbulence will be' prevented andV such air will flow' properly through the -mixofthe base'portion to the imixing chamber, a 'i combustion chamber within the casing having 'upright side walls substantially parallel to'and Vterminating below the edges of the vertical side `walls of the casing, and having a dome portion `extending upwardly within the dome portion of fthe casing and provided adjacent the upper end -of the domelportion of the casing with' av top,the

--side2wallsof the doxneportion of the combustion chamber diverging from the upper'ends of the 'upright side walls of the' chamber to points adjacent to the upright walls of the base and converg- -ing from said. points at a greater angle of'inclination'than the converging walls of the dome portion ofthe casing to the top aforesaid, and tubes extending upwardly through the divergingportions and top aforesaid of the dome portion of the chamber.

4. In a furnace, a combustion chamber having a body portionprovided with upright walls, and "an upwardly tapering vdome portion, the dome vportion being provided at its-lower end with porrtions that diverge upwardly from the upright walls 'of the'body portion, and provided at its upper end witha top, tubes for air extending through said nupwardly diverging'portionsand top, said'tubes 5being close and substantially parallel to the sides `of thetapering dome portion, and an outer cas- Iinghaving upright walls substantially'parallel to and extending above `the upright walls Aof the chamber and having'an upwardly tapering dome `portion receiving but 'disposed at a slightly dif- `4ferent Vinclination than the `upwardly* tapering i'dome portion of Ythe chamber whereby the dome f 'portion Iof the casing cooperates with the idoine portion of the combustion chamber to provide 'upwardlyflaring passages for air,'the upright 'walls of the casing extending above andcooperating'with the upwardly diverging portions of the domeportion of the chamber to form restrictions for air at the lowerends of the upwardly flaring passages just above the llower 'ends 4of "the tubes, whereby portions ofthe air iiowing upwardly between Ithe ,parallelv walls will be received in the tubes while other portions of said air will be squeezed through the restrictions aforesaid into the upwardly tapering passages aforesaid.

5. In a furnace, a casing having an upwardly converging dome portion, a mixing chamber on the upper end of the dome portion having outlets in opposite sides thereof, a combustion chamber within the casing and having an upwardly converging dome portion within the dome portion of the casing, means for conducting air from the space between the combustion chamber and casing through the dome portion of the combustion chamber to the mixing chamber including tubes extending through the dome portion of the combustion chamber and converging at a point adjacent the upper end of the dome portion of the casing.

6. In a furnace, a casing having a body portion, a dome portion, and a mixing chamber above the uppermost part of the dome portion,

- the body portion having upright side walls, and

the dome portion tapering upwardly froms'aid side walls, a combustion chamber havingabody *portion within the body portion of the casing'a'nd having an upwardly tapering dome portion within the upwardly tapering dome portion of the casing, the top of the body portion Aof the `combustion chamber being below the tapering dome portion of the casing, the dome portion ofthe casingcoyoperating with the dome portion of the chamber :to provide upwardly flaring passages for air, the dome portion of the chamber overhangingthe body -portion of the chamber within the body -portion of the casingat the lower ends of the upwardly tapering passages 'for air -and'cooperating with the 'upright side walls of the casin'gto form restricted passages for air, and tubes for air'extending vupwardly from points between the body portions of the chamber and casing just'belowthe restrictedpassages for air through the dome portion of the chamber to points just above 'the 'top of the dome -portion of the chamber between and yadjacent to the upwardly aring passages for air, whereby air from said upwardly flaring -passages will commingle with the air from the tubes and then be thoroughly commingled within `the mixing chamber.

7. In a furnace, a fire box, aV dome aboveland projecting rearwardly beyond said re box, said projecting portion of the'dome being provided'at one side of the rire box with a depending flue portion, the side of said depending portion adjacent the fire box being spaced and inclineddownwardly and away therefrom, and means for conducting air upwardly from the space between the adjacent walls of the re box and flue portion through the dome, including a tube 'extending through the projecting portion of the dome and through the top thereof, said tube terminating at the upper end of the space vbetween the adjacent walls aforesaid. Y.

8. In a furnace, a casing having a clean-out opening, a vertical ue in said casing just labove said opening, a re box, a dome above and projecting rearwardly beyond the fire box, said projecting portion of the `dome being providedat one side of the fire box with a depending flue portion, the side of said vdepending portion adjacent the fire box being spaced and inclined downwardly and away therefrom, means for conducting 'air upwardly from the space between the 'adjacent 1 walls of the fire box and flue portion through the dome, including a tube extending through the 'projecting portion of the dome kand through the top thereof, said tube terminating at the upper` v end of the space between the adjacent walls 130 aforesaid, and a horizontal flue portion projecting rearwardly from the depending portion to y said clean-out opening and connected to the lower end of the vertical flue.v

9. A furnace having a combustion chamber provided with a dome portion, means cooperating with the dome portion to form passages for conducting air exteriorly of the dome portion from a point below the same to a point above the uppermost part of said dome portion, and tubes for conducting air interiorly of the dome portion from a point below the same to a point above the uppermost part of said dome portion, said passages and tubes converging upwardly and discharging adjacent each other substantially in a, common horizontal plane above said dome portion, the exterior passages gradually increasing in cross sectional area from their lower to their upper ends.

10. A furnace having a casing, a combustion fchamber Within the casing provided with a dome portion, means cooperating with the dome por- :tion to form passages for conducting air exteriorly of the dome portion from a point below the same to a point above the uppermost part of -said domeportion, said passages gradually in- -creasing in cross sectional area fro-m 'their lower to their upper ends, and tubes for conducting air interiorly of the dome portion from a point below the same to a point above the uppermost part of said dome portion, said passages and -tubes converging upwardly and discharging ad- 'jacent each other substantially in a common horizontal plane, adjacent sides of the passages -and tubes being substantially parallel through- 'out their length, vsaid dome portion and casing box having upright walls substantially parallel to the upright walls of the body, the dome portion of the combustion chamber being provided at the upper ends of the uprightwalls of the -re box with laterally projecting portions that incline upwardly andoutwardly within the body and terminate adjacent the upright walls thereof, said domeportion of the combustion charnber having walls converging upwardly from the supper ends of said laterally projecting portions to points adjacent the upper end of the dome portion of the casing, and cooperating with the walls aforesaid thereof to provide upwardly flaring passages for air, tubes extending upwardly `'through the laterally projecting portions from points between the combustion chamber and casing through the combustion chamber to points above the uppermost part of the dome portion of the combustion chamber, and means for forcing air under pressure within the casing about the rcombustion chamber fire box and upwardly through the tubes and upwardly flaring passages. f

12. A furnace having a casingprovided at one side in its lower end with an inlet for air and provided at its upper end with a mixing chamber for air, a heating chamber within the casing spaced from the bottom thereof and terminating below the mixing chamber, means for increasing the pressure of air in the inlet aforesaid, a p0rtion of the heating chamber having walls c0- operating with the casing to form a chamber in which air under pressure from the inletl may accumulate, the heating chamber also having upright walls closely adjacent and cooperating with the casing to form a restriction for air from the second mentioned. chamber, said heating chamber being provided with outwardly diverging wall. portions above the upright walls cooperating with the casing to further restrict the passage of air, said heating chamber being provided above the outwardly diverging Wall portions with upwardly converging wall portions, and the casing having wall portions converging upwardly from points adjacent the outwardly di- .verging wall portions aforesaid to points adjacent the upper ends of the upwardly converging wall portions of the heating chamber and forming with the heating chamber passages that flare upwardly from the outwardly diverging portions aforesaid to the upper end of. the heating vchamber for discharging air into the mixing chamber; x Y

13. Ina furnace, a combustion chamber having a body portion provided with upright walls, and an upwardly tapering dome portion, the dome portion being provided at its lower end with portions that diverge upwardly from the upright walls of the body portion, and provided at its -upper end with a top, tubes for air extending through said upwardly diverging portions and top, said tubes being close and'substantially parallel to the sides of the tapering dome portion, and an outer casing havingv upright walls substantially parallel to and extending above the upright walls of the chamber and having an upwardly tapering dome portion receiving and cooperating with the upwardly taperingdome portion of the chamber to form upwardly and inwardly inclined passagesV for air, the upright walls of the casing extending. above and cooperating with the upwardly diverging portions of the dome portion vof the chamber to form restrictions for air at the lower' ends of rthe upwardly and inwardly inclined passages for air adjacent the lower ends of the tubes, whereby portions of the air flowing upwardly between the parallel walls will be

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