US1943822A - Method and apparatus for countercurrent washing - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for countercurrent washing Download PDF

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Publication number
US1943822A
US1943822A US489863A US48986330A US1943822A US 1943822 A US1943822 A US 1943822A US 489863 A US489863 A US 489863A US 48986330 A US48986330 A US 48986330A US 1943822 A US1943822 A US 1943822A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
perforated
heavy liquid
zone
relatively
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US489863A
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul J Harrington
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Standard Oil Development Co
Original Assignee
Standard Oil Development Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL32273D priority Critical patent/NL32273C/xx
Application filed by Standard Oil Development Co filed Critical Standard Oil Development Co
Priority to US489863A priority patent/US1943822A/en
Priority to GB26817/31A priority patent/GB373897A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1943822A publication Critical patent/US1943822A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0426—Counter-current multistage extraction towers in a vertical or sloping position
    • B01D11/043—Counter-current multistage extraction towers in a vertical or sloping position with stationary contacting elements, sieve plates or loose contacting elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0484—Controlling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/45—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing
    • B01F23/453—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing by moving the liquids in countercurrent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents

Definitions

  • Hg. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a 1 modified form of apparatus:
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another modified form of apparatus.
  • the invention is directed particularly to the counter-current treatment of immiscible liquids 15 of diiferent gravities and will be described in connection with the counter-current washing with water of mixed alcohol and naphtha.
  • a tower the shell of which N is designated by reference numeral 1.
  • the shell is divided .vertically into sections by means of a plurality of perforated plates 2 which extend substantially horizontally across the tower.
  • a drain pipe 4 extends downwardly from each perforated plate for a substantial distance sunlcient to permit the accumulation of a'layer of light liquid of sumcient thickness to provide a differential headwhich will give the spray effect and capacity desired.
  • 'I'he relatively light 8 mixture or mpntna and alcohol is into the lowermost section through'a line 6 at a rate of ow controlled by any suitable means, not shown.
  • the relatively light liquid flows upthrough the shell and is discharged from wardly u the uppermost section through a discharge line 8.
  • the relatively heavy liquid such as water is introduced into the uppermost section through a pipe 9 at a rate of flow controlled by any sultable means, not shown.
  • Pipe 9 preferably opens 4 into approximately the middle portion of the section.
  • the relatively heavy liquid flows downwardly from one section 'to another through pipes 4 and is dischargedfromV the lowermost section through aline 10.
  • the means for controlling the feed of relatively heavy and relatively light liquids into the shell can be a proportional rate of flow controller if desired. 5 mtomanuedwitntneeounr-currenuy moving bodies of immiscible liquids of diii'erent gravities. The downwardly iiowingrelatively.
  • each perforated plate in a layer of substantial thickne.
  • This level is maintained by means of a regulating device which comprises a iloat 12 and members 13 which areconnected with a valve 14 in the outletv line 10.
  • a regulating device which comprises a iloat 12 and members 13 which areconnected with a valve 14 in the outletv line 10.
  • Any standard airdu actuated or direct acting duo-gravityliquid level control can be used.
  • the depth of the body of water maintained above each perforated plate may for example 'be approximately 3-5 ft. for a tower 2 ft. in diameter.
  • the relatively light liquid flows upwardly through the tower in sumcient .volume to accumulate in a body underneath each perforated plate filling the space between the body of relatively heavy liquidin each section and the perforated '(0 plate.
  • the depth of the body of mixed alcohol and naphtha below each plate can be approximately 3-5 ft. for a tower 2 ft. in diameter.
  • Each bow of the relatively light liquid is of such thickness that there is sufficient differential head of liquid or driving head occasioned 'oy and proportional to the difference in gravity of the two liquids and the thickness of the lighter liquid layer with the corresponding column of heavy liquid in pipe 4 to cause the streams of relatively light liquid i'iowing upwardly through the openings of the plates 2 to break up into a myriad of very line drops forming a spray or mist.
  • the head may be sufiiciently great so that with large gravity differences inl the liquids and low interface surface tensions betweenthe liquids an actual emulsion of more or less permanency will be formed.
  • the small mist drops are formed whether the perforations of the plate are large or small.
  • the perforations are o f such size that emcient commercial operation of the device, with large throughput. can be carried on.
  • the number or size of the holes in the plates of the upper portion of the tower can be changed in'order to obtain finer bubbles of the relatively light liquid.
  • MwiNwHgJofthedrawi/ngamodifiedllo form of the apparatus which comprises a shell 1 and perforated plates 2 as previously described.
  • Drain pipes 16 extend upwardly from the perforated plates for a distance 'sufilcient to prevent overflow of the heavy liquid through the pipes, until a body of the liquid of relatively great thickness is accumulated on the plates. This distance can be sufilcient to permit the accumulation of a layer of heavy liquid of sumcient thickness to provide a differential head which will give the spray eiect and capacity desired.
  • the relatively heavy liquid is introduced into the uppermost section through a conduit 17 which opens into the section at an intermediate portion of the section.
  • the relatively heavy liquid is discharged from the lowermost section through a line 18.
  • the relatively light liquid is introduced into an intermediate portion of the lowermost section through a line 19.
  • the rate offfeed of the relatlvely'light and relatively heavy liquids into the shell is controlled as previously described in connection with Fig. 1.-
  • the upwardly flowing lighter liquid accumulates under each perforated plate as previously described and flows through each drain pipe 16 into a body of the lighter liquid accumulating under an upper plate.
  • the relatively light liquid is discharged from the uppermost section through a line 20.
  • the descending water is forced to collect above each plate until there ⁇ is suillcient head to force the water through the plate holes in the form of drops of spray which fall through the naphtha layer and unite on the next lower plate to complete the cycle.
  • FIG. 3 of the drawing a construction of washing tower is shown in which countercurrent passage of the liquids successively through each other in the form of a myriad of fine drops is effected.
  • one or more sections are provided fin which the upper perforated plate is provided with an upwardly extending drain pipe 16 ⁇ as previously described.
  • the lower perforated plate of the given section is provided with a downwardly extending drain pipe 4v as previously described.
  • the relatively heavy liquid ilowsdownwardly through the sections and accumulates upon the upper perforated Y plate of- 'a given section and is discharged through the perforations in al myriad of nne bubbles one or both liquids which will change the surface tensions of, or interface surface tension between the liquids.
  • soaps, alcohols or the like may be added to the fresh water in small amounts, reducing its surface tension and reducing the interface surface tension between naphtha and water.
  • the energy available due to loss of head in passing through the holes in the plate) will resultin the generation of greater surface,. or the formation of smaller droplets.
  • Counter-current apparatus which comprises a shell, substantially horizontally disposed perfo-- rated platesdividing the shell vertically into sections, and a drain pipe extending from each plate for a substantial distance toward an 'adjoining plate, the uppermost and lowermost sections having inlets and outlets.
  • Counter-current apparatus which comprises a shell, substantially horizontally disposed perforated plates dividing the shell vertically into sections, and a drain pipe extending downwardly from each plate for a substantial distance toward an adjoining plate, the uppermost and lowermost sections having inlets and outlets.
  • Counter-current apparatua which comprises a shell, substantially horizontally disposed perforated plates dividing the shell vertically into sections, and a drain pipe-extending'- upwardly 1140 from each plate for a substantial distance toward an adjoining plate,l the uppermost and' lowermost sections having inlets and outlets.
  • Counter-current apparatus which comprisesv j a shell. substantially horizontallydisposed perforated plates dividing the shell vertically into sections, and a drain pipe extending from each plate for a substantial distance into the adjoining section, the drain pipes ot at least one of the sections extending in opposite directions, the up- 15G permost and lowermost sections having inlets and outlets.
  • the method of countercurrent washing in superimposed zones separated by a perforated partition which comprises passing a relatively heavy liquid into an upper zone, conducting the heavy liquid from said zone in a continuous confined stream directly into an intermediate portion of a lower zone at a rate to cause accumulation of a body of the heavy liquid above the perforated partition, passing a relatively light liquid non-miscible with the heavy liquid into the lower zone whereby the light liquid rises to the perforated partition and accumulates to form a body above the discharge of the confined stream and having sufcient head to flow upwardly through the perforations and through the body of heavy liquid in drops.
  • the method of countercurrent washing in superimposed zones separated by perforated partitions which comprises passing a relatively heavy liquid into the upper zone, conducting the heavy liquid from said zone in a continuous confined stream directly into an intermediate portion of a first lower zone at a rate to cause accumulation of a body of the heavy liquid above the perforated partition of the upper zone, withdrawing the heavy liquid from theiirst lower zone in a continuous conflnedstreamjdirectly into an intermediate portion of a second lower zone at a rate to cause accumulation of a body of the heavy liquid in the first lower zone, passing a relatively light liquid non-miscible with the heavy liquid into said second lower zone whereby the light liquid rises to the perforated partition at the bottom of the first lower zone and accumulates to form a body above the discharge of the confined stream and having sufflcient head to flow upwardly through the perforations and through the body of heavy liquid in drops, and
  • the method of countercurrent washing of non-miscible liquids of different specific gravities in an upper and lower zone separated by a perforated partition which comprises passing the relatively heavy liquid into the upper zone at a rate .to cause accumulation of a body of the heavy liquid above the partition, passing the relatively light liquid into the lower zone to form a body of the light liquid beneath the perforated partiion, conducting one of the liquids from its zone in a continuous confined stream directly into an intermediate portion of the other zone, and conducting the other liquid from its zone through the perforations and through the body of liquid on the other side of the partition in drops.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US489863A 1930-10-20 1930-10-20 Method and apparatus for countercurrent washing Expired - Lifetime US1943822A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL32273D NL32273C (en(2012)) 1930-10-20
US489863A US1943822A (en) 1930-10-20 1930-10-20 Method and apparatus for countercurrent washing
GB26817/31A GB373897A (en) 1930-10-20 1931-09-25 An improved method of and apparatus for washing a liquid with another liquid

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US489863A US1943822A (en) 1930-10-20 1930-10-20 Method and apparatus for countercurrent washing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1943822A true US1943822A (en) 1934-01-16

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US489863A Expired - Lifetime US1943822A (en) 1930-10-20 1930-10-20 Method and apparatus for countercurrent washing

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US (1) US1943822A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB373897A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL32273C (en(2012))

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2632720A (en) * 1947-12-06 1953-03-24 Standard Oil Dev Co Method and apparatus for countercurrent contacting of solids with liquids
US2647856A (en) * 1952-06-09 1953-08-04 Universal Oil Prod Co Apparatus and process for countercurrent liquid-fluid extraction
US2669505A (en) * 1948-12-18 1954-02-16 Standard Oil Dev Co Contacting plate for liquid-liquid extraction tower
US2746846A (en) * 1953-08-03 1956-05-22 Universal Oil Prod Co Process and apparatus for counter-currently contacting fluids
DE1215107B (de) * 1959-04-15 1966-04-28 Asea Ab Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Fluessig-Fluessig-Extraktion
US3278275A (en) * 1963-02-14 1966-10-11 Dow Chemical Co Countercurrent washing of sodium hydroxide from a salt slurry

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2480471A (en) * 1944-10-27 1949-08-30 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Countercurrent hydrolysis of fat
US3247104A (en) * 1963-03-26 1966-04-19 Fmc Corp Method and apparatus for removing surface active agents from water

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2632720A (en) * 1947-12-06 1953-03-24 Standard Oil Dev Co Method and apparatus for countercurrent contacting of solids with liquids
US2669505A (en) * 1948-12-18 1954-02-16 Standard Oil Dev Co Contacting plate for liquid-liquid extraction tower
US2647856A (en) * 1952-06-09 1953-08-04 Universal Oil Prod Co Apparatus and process for countercurrent liquid-fluid extraction
US2746846A (en) * 1953-08-03 1956-05-22 Universal Oil Prod Co Process and apparatus for counter-currently contacting fluids
DE1215107B (de) * 1959-04-15 1966-04-28 Asea Ab Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Fluessig-Fluessig-Extraktion
US3278275A (en) * 1963-02-14 1966-10-11 Dow Chemical Co Countercurrent washing of sodium hydroxide from a salt slurry

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB373897A (en) 1932-06-02
NL32273C (en(2012))

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