US1942293A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Jan. Z,- 1934. FI A, KANE 1,942,293

CARBURETOR Original Filed March 1l, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet l F. A. KANE Jan. 2, 1934.

CARBURETOR Original Filed March 1l, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 F. A. KANE CARBURETOR Jan. 2, 1934.

Original Filed March 1l, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 2 l l d a o 2 M 4 2 l a @M 136% Il l @yav u 1. 7 ,l\ J 6 a F a a INVENTOR fio Patented Jan. 2, 1934 UNITED STATES CARBURETOR Frank Andrew Kane, Long Islandl City, vN. Y., assignor to Kane Carburetor Corporation, Long Island City, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Maren 11, 1932, serial No. 598,997

Renewed June 6, 1933 i,

*5 claims. (C1. 484180) lMy yinvention relates to fuel mixersor carburetors and has for its object the improvement of such devices and the methods of their use to produce amore perfect-combustible mixture than has heretofore been possible, using gaseous fuels or the gaseous products of liquid fuel. The present application is a continuation in part of my prior copending application Serial No. 487,623, V filed October 9, 1930.- y

AIn' my said prior application I have described and illustrated a carburetor and fuel mixer having as its vital parts a bell chamber body through which the constituents` of the finished fuel mixture pass, and a vacuum bell; so called because the air passing up around it in the interior of the bell chamber body produces a partial vacuum above the bell in the same manner that air passing over the cambered surface of an aerofoil produces a partial vacuum above .the same. Fuel is admitted preferably vertically through the bell and emerges into the currents of air above the bell where it is caught in the vacuum and rolled to forma homogeneous combustible mixture I'he admission-of fuel to the mixer as well as opening and closing of the throttle are controlled in said case by a common connecting rod and lever or the equivalent, and the same control applies to "the adjustment of the` vacuum control bell in the bell chamber body. "Thus, the degree of opening of the butterfly valve or throttle to admit the charge to the engine, the amount of fuel-supplied at the same time, and the size and shape of the air passages in the bell chamber body around the vacuum control bell are all simultaneously and automaticallyV controlled.

In the present application I describe and illustrate a carburetorl and fuel mixer having the same vital parts, but -withthis difference, Athat the buttery valve or throttle is separately controlled and the fuel intake. as wellas the position of the vacuum control bell in the bell chamber body, are adjusted once for all in the most efficient position for all degrees of opening of the throttle and then locked.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figs. 1 and 1a taken-together constitute a vertical central section through the carburetor. y

Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 looking downward. y

Y'Fig. 3 vis a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1a looking downward.

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan yiew of theV bell chamber Abody showing the air valve bridge.

5' is an Velevation of the complete carburetor. i I

Fig. 6 is a similar viewlooking from the left side of Fig. 5. Y

Referring to the drawings and first to Fig. *1, 1 designates the upper section ofthe containing casing, the lower elements-of which are designated as 22 and 28 respectively. The casing 1 is flanged at its upper end for `attachment to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine in the usual manner. Its cylindrical walls are drilled on a horizontal line to receive bushings and nuts 5-6-'7-8 containing bearings for the shaft 3 carrying the butterfly valve or throttle 2, and having an operating lever 4 attached to it. No-actuating device for this lever is shown, and it may be actuated in the usual or any desired manner.V Y

The. two sections 1 and 22 of the body are connected by a screw thread 22a, the purpose in separating them at this point being to insert an annular valve seat 21, which is clamped in place between them.V This is the seat of an automatic pressure valve. 16, which is lifted up when the throttleis opened and not only permits passage of the mixture from beneath it, but also opens a Water valve and injects a spray of water into the mixture as it passes. The sprayer is shown 4at 9 carried in a vertical tube supported axially in the casing by a bridge 10. Spring 15 for the pressure valve 16 encircles the tube and abuts against the bridge. Inside the tube the stem of the` valve 16 slides up and down as the valve moves, and in its uppermost position, the valve is open. l,It opens a slide valve to permit water to enter through a horizontal channel in the bridge whichcommunicatesrthrough the valve casing 12v ,carrying needle valve 14 and locknut 13. The water supply entersthe casing 12 through inletv port 11, the external connections of which are not shown.

'On the oppositevsideof the casing from the water valve I have shown a pressure relief valve 19 with a compression 'spring 20 which is adjusted in tension so as to permit the valve to open at any pressure above thatA which should normally exist either above or below the valve 16.

The foregoing features maybe changed or varied Without departing fromthe spirit of the invention, as all parts above the valve 16 are incidental to the main vfeatures of invention which are as follows:

The central section 22 of the'casing I call the bell .chamber body and within it is housed what I call the vacuum control bell. The bell chamber body is closed at its lower end by a horizontal disk 27 containing annular sets of perforations and this disk with its perforations I call my air vent duct. Its functions are exceedingly important as will be presently pointed out. The central part of this disk is counter-.sunk from the top to receive the lmver'Z 'end of the 'vacuum' control bell "`ha'ving" a centraletube 26 extending through it and terminating in a conical nozzle 23 at its upper end. The bell 25 speaking roughly,

pear-shaped, that is to say, it is contracted at the f' top and bottom in a double conical gure having an annular camber or shoulder around its 'upper portion. This bell is shaped complementarily to the inner walls of the beiiechamirpody 'which are also conical and lie paralllt the upperouter- Walls of the bell, which as already stated are conical, the nozzle or tube 23 forming the apes' Vosi the cone. The lower portion of the bell 25 isalso conical but inverted and really forms thefrust'uril" O f e 0.9116, While the Corrgebgbdibs Zeb@ 01 P Oftion ofetleirihrwails tithe teli-chamber @gay ie eylibdrieel .and vertiebl- ,It .ebbble besiegt-td thttthe airduts' in the 'disk craie isq 'vertical i e *and while 1t maybe tensed entre eet tetbe "isii1rf211t-b'db'g 'tubsll Seth "bdstlent 'iS het 'rdiberilfbeeeebrt/-, the" van 'eeritrl be'll 25 e'irig orcl'inaifily'fixedl rith"respect tothe a'ir vent duct 27j 1The outer:'tl'iloeV- Slis tapped iirlte the air vent d uet platez at ebend furnishes. di'reet ineens" fer edilist f "t J0f "the temible Abell amegetheir with ete vent 'dv-et platelet the bell ch inber'bodyf This tube 311 exteds'dow'nward- 1r' b the lever' ebember el' 1e the" bellv ehe" e body, thence deivntb'rebelbthel beller off thel air valve `ZQf't'hrough ihefbridge 30 soto 'a acoupling 'connection `3 A iT-38 etbe bteftbbebl 'te' be' adjusted ebd. if t@ 'edJLSt the peitirt'f 'Vacuum bell "in the airvent rdiJ.ct"plate.y The adjustment ef these" Rette is by heee eed whenedjusted therere leelee and in beeiti'ebby eettiberup the leek nuits 'e;e-?,5-6'e.i3. It 'should be i noted vthat the" construction thus'described also permits adjustment of the vacuum control bell with respect to the air vent duct'pl'ate 27. This isf accomplished looseniiig up "the locknut 38 anit'rn'g'the nut sie' birtrie'tutg si 'whseil iner'ftube '26'. when "this` 'dsiredfdjustmentis reached, the but 38 ie Set un again." tbeer'tbebbe mes/ed es. ene.' 111.1 7-

eble er heb; termee' eiitseeeee" te been keeefe whereby the tubes may move up or down in the bracket.

Fuel supply in this assembly is through a fuel tube 49 and the needles secured in the block 51, the flow being controlled by a needle valve 48 locked when set by means of a nut bei?. gecause efte eee'fr-e1eeeeehieef te Ve e9 ene other fuel supplyprts tothe fuel'supp y'tub'e'ai'id other fixed parts, it will be noted that the couplings 36-3'7-38 are made of such a naiure that the two tubes 31 and 26 may be caused to slide upon each other without turning and the outer tube 3'1 may raise and lower the vacuum bell and the 'air vVentduct"pleite" without turning the inner 90 I havefshown i-n--lig 4 a bottom plan view of the bell chamber body, to show that the bracket p'rbrdgefg YeSteridsacross it leaving open spaces on both' sides so that access may be had to the nuts`32`f and 34 and the valve 29, if necessary. The operation of the foregoing 4iruel Pmixe vaci'iumbll and the Wair vt duc 27, al'sob'etwn the" teuf" j dtnerovefii bell @hamper tijd r bien "cy gir ai, permit; c'rn'riglfjets of" pass friri"the d s v1' entende srwhichum i mi'ed'by'tii uegreforsuetimor I, duced by tlieegin above4 the "falve I'Gfl'wli'h under such""cond1'tin opened 'he`air`pssure *beneath'it'and' 'eiainspp as .longl as there is'any'sucti Direubi atiltlis valve; is"whatcallthevacuum cham er irwhlcli t E Geniaal 'surface ofthebhauorthe vcuuiiiiueii 25 'and the c'onical surface oi the vacuui'harrf ber" above saidbelljboth center. vacuuniis formed' directly. above'the tip" 23' of" thefbell supplemental to the Vacuum Yp'ro'lllfby ngine, suction. YThis 'formation isde to the air currents passing over thecainber of the bell'an'd being dfseeted by the; inner Wall ofthe bell Chamber Qverandabore'thetip 2 3 whcliis the inlet P Oint for the met The best' tor S'Qlap- 1 paratus for develpngtbe air s .treamsand idee relebiee. this. @edition ef veeuum. abete the that which ie Sbewn eed described hereih.- In

measurements or graphs of the several air streams inside the bell chamber, several theories of operation have been worked out. One is that a supplemental vacuum is set up between the tiny ribbons of air as they emerge from the air vent duct, which causes them to spread upon themselves and to impinge upon each other before making contact with the cambered surface of the vacuum bell or the inner wall of the bell chamber. Another theory is that the air streams merge one upon the other, and follow each other closely, each stream paralleling adjacent streams into the compressed space, rather than spreading and impinging upon themselves or each other. In either case the air streams of the different annular rows of ducts impinge either on the conical upper face of a wall of the bell chamber or on the side of the vacuum bell below the camber, and are all ultimately deflected toward the tip of the cone immediately above the tip of the vacuum bell. By properly adjusting the rows of openings in the conical duct and also the position of the bell with respect to the vacuum chamber walls, the supplemental vacuum surrounded by turbulent rotating currents of air causes the fuel to be drawn up from the tip 23 directly into the vacuum where it is thoroughly mixed with and in the turbulent air currents. This mixture is drawn through the valve 16 and moistened by the jet 9 as it passes up into the discharge vent as determined by the throttle valve 2.

What I claim is:

l. A charge forming apparatus comprising the following instrumentalities: a casing, an air inlet and a fuel feed pipe therefor, a bell chamber contained within said casing, a vacuum control bell in said bell chamber, said bell having a conical head and a body tapering downward, with an annular camber or shoulder between them, means to adjust said bell axially in said bell chamber, means to lock the same when adjusted, conical tapering walls in the upper part of the bell chamber above the conical top of the bell, with an annular air passage between them having a central discharge opening over the tip of the bell cone, an air vent duct surrounding the lower end of said bell, with a discharge pipe and a throttle valve controlling the discharge.

2. A charge forming apparatus comprising the following instrumentalities: a casing, an air inlet and a fuel feed pipe therefor, a bell chamber contained within said casing, a vacuum control bell in said bell chamber, said bell having a conical head and a body tapering downward, with an annular camber or shoulder between them, means to adjust said bell axially in said bell chamber, means to lock the same when adjusted, conical tapering walls in the upper part of the bell chamber above the conical top of the bell, with an annular air passage between them having a central discharge opening over the tip of the bell cone, an air vent duct surrounding the lower end of said bell, with multiple channels extending through it parallel to the axis cf the bell, with a discharge pipe and a throttle valve controlling the discharge.

3. A charge forming apparatus comprising the following instrumentalities: a casing, an air inlet and a fuel feed pipe therefor, a bell chamber contained within said casing, a vacuum control bell in said bell chamber, said bell having a conical head and a body tapering downward, with an annular camber or shoulder between them, means to adjust said bell axially in said bell chamber, means to lock the same when adjusted, conical tapering walls in the upper part of the bell chamber above the conical top of the bell, with an annular air passage between them having a central discharge opening over the tip of the bell cone, an air vent duct surrounding the lower end of said bell, with multiple channels extending through it parallel to the axis of the bell, and a vacuum chamber in the upper part of the bell chamber above the bell, with a discharge pipe and a throttle valve controlling the discharge.

4. A charge forming apparatus comprising the following instrumentalities: a casing, an air inlet and a fuel feed pipe therefor, a bell chamber contained within said casing, a vacuum control bell in said bell chamber, said bell having a conical head and a body tapering downward, with an annular camber or shoulder between them, means to adjust said bell axially in said bell chamber, means to lock the same when adjusted, conical tapering walls in the upper part of the bell chamber above the conical top of the bell, with an annular air passage between them having a central discharge opening over the tip of the bell cone, an air vent duct surrounding the lower end of said bell, with multiple channels extending through it parallel to the axis of the bell, with a discharge pipe and a throttle valve controlling the discharge, together with means for adjusting the position of said air vent duct in the bell chamber, and means for locking the same when adjusted.

5. A charge forming apparatus comprising the following instrumentalities: a casing, an air inlet and a fuel feed pipe therefor, a bell chamber contained within said casing, a vacuum control bell in said chamber, said bell having a conical head and a body tapering downward, with an annular camber or shoulder between them, conical tapering walls in the upper part of the bell chamber above the conical top of the bell, with an annular air passage between them having a central discharge passage over the tip of the bell cone, an air vent duct surrounding the lower end of said bell with multiple channels extending through it parallel to the axis of the bell, with a discharge pipe and a throttle valve controlling the discharge, a bridge secured to the casing, means for adjusting the air vent duct axially of the bell chamber comprising an externally threaded tube carrying the air vent and threaded in the bridge, means for locking the threaded tube in the bridge, and means to adjust the vacuum bell axially in said bell chamber comprising a cylindrical support carrying the vacuum bell and slidably mounted in the said threaded tube with means for locking the cylindrical support in relation to the threaded tube.

FRANK ANDREW KANE.

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