US1941852A - Photographic gelatin layer - Google Patents

Photographic gelatin layer Download PDF

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Publication number
US1941852A
US1941852A US656196A US65619633A US1941852A US 1941852 A US1941852 A US 1941852A US 656196 A US656196 A US 656196A US 65619633 A US65619633 A US 65619633A US 1941852 A US1941852 A US 1941852A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gelatin
hardening
photographic
gelatin layer
grams
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US656196A
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English (en)
Inventor
Brunken Johannes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GAF Chemicals Corp
Original Assignee
Agfa Ansco Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agfa Ansco Corp filed Critical Agfa Ansco Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1941852A publication Critical patent/US1941852A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/30—Hardeners
    • G03C1/301—Aldehydes or derivatives thereof, e.g. bisulfite addition products

Definitions

  • derivatives of the dialdehydes are very well suited for hardening photographic gelatin layers. These derivatives have at least one of their aldehyde groups substituted so as to correspond with 5 the following general formula wherein X represents hydrogen or the radical of an inorganic acid or an organic acid and Y represents the acid radical ofan inorganic acid or an organic acid. If X represents H and Y SOzNa there results the bisulfite compound of the alde-f hyde. If X and Y represent, for instance, Cl-IaIJO there results the tetra-acetate of the dialdehvde.
  • the hardening action of the dialdehydederivatives becomes more intense with an increasing pH value of the gelatin used.
  • the hardening of photographic materials takes place in twostages.
  • a first hardening efiect occurs after incorporating the hardening agent in the gelatin and, because in this stage there still remains undecomposed derivative a second hardening occurs in developing the exposed photographic material.
  • This hardening in two stages has the advantage that they developer more easily penetrates 'the photographic layer though substantially the same hardening effect may be finally obtained as with the free dialdehydes. This is evidenced by thefollowing experiment.
  • The'protographic layers hardened with the aldehyde derivatives I disclosed show a good stability. Moreover, the aldehyde derivatives form solid substances and are more stable and easier to handle than are liquid aldehydes.
  • the quantity of dialdehyde derivative added to the gelatin amounts to about 0.2 to 5 grams per 100 grams of gelatin, however, my invention is not limited to this range given rather for illustration. The most suitable amount can be easily determined by experiment. If too large quantities of hardening agent are added to the gelatin, the same may crystallize out and thus impair the finished layer.
  • the addition of the hardening agent is made in form of. a solution preferably an aqueous solution. If the compoundis insoluble in water any solvent may be used which is sufficiently miscible with water, for instance, alcohol, methanol and acetone.
  • the addition 80 is preferably made to the finished gelatin solution before being cast.
  • Example 1500 grams of a gelatino-silver- 8 halide emulsion containing about 90 to 100 grams of gelatin are mixed with 5 cc. of an aqueous solution of 10 per cent strength of glyoxal-sodiumbisulfite. Then the mixture is cast onto a support of glass or a film and dried. The layer obtained melts at 34 0., whereas the unhardened emulsion melts at 31 C.
  • Example 2500 grams of a gelatinovsilverhalide emulsion containing about 90 to 100 grams of gelatin are 'mixed with 15 cc. of an alcoholic solution of 2 percent strength of glyoxal-tetraacetate and then cast. After drying the emulsion has a melting point0f 33 (3., whereas the unhardened emulsion melts at 31 C.
  • a photographic material provided with a gelatin layer containing besides the condensation product of gelatin with a dialdehyde, a substantial amount of aderivative of the dialdehyde, at least one of the aldehyde groups being substituted, so as to correspond with the formula.
  • a photographic material provided with a gelatin layer containing the condensation product of gelatin with glyoxal besides a substantial amount of glyoxal-sodiumbisulfite.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US656196A 1932-02-16 1933-02-10 Photographic gelatin layer Expired - Lifetime US1941852A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI43763D DE585920C (de) 1932-02-16 1932-02-16 Verfahren zum Haerten von photographischen Schichten, insbesondere von photographischen Gelatineschichten

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1941852A true US1941852A (en) 1934-01-02

Family

ID=6422248

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US656196A Expired - Lifetime US1941852A (en) 1932-02-16 1933-02-10 Photographic gelatin layer

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US1941852A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE394394A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE585920C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR43111E (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB408085A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2663639A (en) * 1950-01-28 1953-12-22 Harris Seybold Co Printing plate preparation
US3103437A (en) * 1959-04-10 1963-09-10 Hardening
US3212895A (en) * 1960-12-20 1965-10-19 Eastman Kodak Co Stability of rapid-processed photographic materials

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2663639A (en) * 1950-01-28 1953-12-22 Harris Seybold Co Printing plate preparation
US3103437A (en) * 1959-04-10 1963-09-10 Hardening
US3212895A (en) * 1960-12-20 1965-10-19 Eastman Kodak Co Stability of rapid-processed photographic materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB408085A (en) 1934-04-05
FR43111E (fr) 1934-02-12
BE394394A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE585920C (de) 1933-10-12

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