US1927363A - Process of treating vegetable or artificial fibers or fiber material - Google Patents
Process of treating vegetable or artificial fibers or fiber material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1927363A US1927363A US612653A US61265332A US1927363A US 1927363 A US1927363 A US 1927363A US 612653 A US612653 A US 612653A US 61265332 A US61265332 A US 61265332A US 1927363 A US1927363 A US 1927363A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fiber material
- products
- decomposition
- treating
- artificial fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title description 9
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940066779 peptones Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 2
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- AIUDWMLXCFRVDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 2-(3-ethyl-3-methylpentyl)propanedioate Chemical class CCC(C)(CC)CCC(C(=O)OC)C(=O)OC AIUDWMLXCFRVDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 oleic sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001584775 Tunga penetrans Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/15—Proteins or derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
Definitions
- My invention relates to improvements in the process of treating vegetable or artificial fibers or fiber material, the treating medium used in the said process and the process of manufacturing the said medium.
- alkaline baths are used, for example for cleaning raw or half-cleaned fibers or fiber material, soiled domestic linen, for bucking and mercerizing.
- the object of the improvements is to use products of decomposition of albumen (protein) as additions to alkaline baths. 1 have found that thereby the objections enumerated above are obviated.
- the said products of decomposition can. be obtained at low cost, and even small amounts thereof have an exceedingly favourable effect on the alkaline treating baths.
- the uncleaned goods are readily and uniformly wetted andpermeatedby the said decomposition products, a fact which is based .140 on physical) effects, viz the increase of the colloidal character and the emulsifying and dispersive power of the baths with relation to the impurities by means of the saidprotective colloids.
- the said products assist-the purifying and swelling action of the alkaline baths, which may contain soaps or oleic sulfonates, and thereby with a reduced consumption of chemical matter the same efiect and with the same consumption a better and more speedy effect is obtained.
- the alkaline baths which may contain soaps or oleic sulfonates
- albumen, casein, glue, hide, meat; hair, fruits, seeds, gluten'and .the like In the manufacture of such decomposition products I use animal orvegetable albuminous bodies as raw materials, such as albumen, casein, glue, hide, meat; hair, fruits, seeds, gluten'and .the like.
- the decomposition is carried out by known methods by means of alkalis, acids, oxydation media, pectases, steam, etc.
- the results of the decomposition are albumosea-peptones peptides, polymerization products, esters and amino-acids.
- sufliciently decomposed the said products are soluble in water and'non-sensitive -against alkalis andvalkaline earths, and they have a low sensitiveness as against acids and an increase of the temperature of watery solution.
- albuminous bodies may be used which have been more or less decomposed. But the. best results are obtained when the products in diluted solution to which caustic alkali and a few'drops of diluted cupric I sulfate solution are added, still have a dyeing 110 lye.
- the expression primary decomposition products is intended to describe such products as are formed by the decomposition of albuminous substances or proteins in which the decomposition has not proceeded to an extent suflicient to develop amino acids in any substantial amount, for example, albumoses, peptones, peptides, etc.
- Example 1 For bucking 1000 kilogrammes of cotton fabric from which the size has been removed I use 18 kilogrammes of caustic soda, 900 grammes of soda powder, and 2 kilogrammes of casein which before has been decomposed by short boiling with 8 kilogrammes of 15% soda The chemical matter is dissolved in 2200 liters of water.
- Example 2.Raw cotton yarn is mercerized with cold soda lye of 19 B. to which, per liter,
- Example 4 For preparing raw cotton fabric for dyeing, the said fabric is first freed of size, thereafter it is boiled half an hour open and without pressure, in a known machine such as a vat, a jigger, a continue machine, with a solution which contains, per liter, 6 grammes of soda powder and gramme of glue which before has been decomposed by heating with diluted hydrochloric acid so far that the biuret reac tion gives a violet to pink colour.
- a known machine such as a vat, a jigger, a continue machine
- a process of treating vegetable fiber material which comprises applying to the material an alkaline treating liquid containing primary decomposition products of albuminous substances.
- a process of improving the wetting properties of alkaline baths for treating vegetable fiber material which comprises introducing in such baths primary decomposition products of albuminous substances.
- a medium for treating vegetable fiber material which comprises an alkaline treating liquid including a primary decomposition product of a protein.
- a medium for treating vegetable fiber material which comprises an alkaline treating liquid including a partial decomposition product of an albuminous substance selected from the group consisting of albumoses, peptones, peptides, polymerization products, esters, and amino acids.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Description
Patented Sept. 19, 1933 PATENT OFFICE PROCESS OF TREATING VEGETABLE R ARTIFICIAL FIBERS 0R FIBER MATERIAL Morita Freiberger,-Bcrlin, Germany No Drawing. Application May 20, 1932, Serial No. 612,653, and in 1927 Germany December 4 Claims. (01. a- -2o) I have filed applications in Germany #F.65,050 Dec. 23, 1927 and.#G.79,463.
My invention relates to improvements in the process of treating vegetable or artificial fibers or fiber material, the treating medium used in the said process and the process of manufacturing the said medium. For treating textile matter of vegetable origin or artificial fiber material frequently alkaline baths are used, for example for cleaning raw or half-cleaned fibers or fiber material, soiled domestic linen, for bucking and mercerizing. f
It has been found that particularly caustic alkali solutions moisten such uncleaned fiber material, in an irregular and incomplete way, the solutions being in this respect less effective than carbonates, silicates and the like; If the cor centration or temperature of such solutions is increased, the fiber material is liable to be weak- 2o enegi. Therefore the cleaning effect of the alkalis and particularly caustic alkalis is objectionable, and the use of soap or soap substitutes in lieu of the said alkalis, and also the simultaneous use of suitable wetting media is objectionable.
' 5 The substitutes for alkalis are expensive as compared to the eficiency thereof and the necessary amount.
The object of the improvements is to use products of decomposition of albumen (protein) as additions to alkaline baths. 1 have found that thereby the objections enumerated above are obviated. As compared to other products heretofore proposed for the same purpose, the said products of decomposition can. be obtained at low cost, and even small amounts thereof have an exceedingly favourable effect on the alkaline treating baths. The uncleaned goods are readily and uniformly wetted andpermeatedby the said decomposition products, a fact which is based .140 on physical) effects, viz the increase of the colloidal character and the emulsifying and dispersive power of the baths with relation to the impurities by means of the saidprotective colloids. The said products assist-the purifying and swelling action of the alkaline baths, which may contain soaps or oleic sulfonates, and thereby with a reduced consumption of chemical matter the same efiect and with the same consumption a better and more speedy effect is obtained. Thus.
56 directly and indirectly the possibility of the weakening' of the fiber material is reduced, and 'the efficiency is increased though, the intensity of the treatment'is weakened, Further the foaming of the treating baths is aifected.
In connection with baths for cleaning, steeping, removing fat and size, and also when washing domestic linen and when bucking vegetable textiles, where in addition to soda caustic alkalis and soap, products similar to soap and other preparations are used, even with hard water better results are obtained and the consumption of the chemical matter whichj'might injure the fiber is reduced, and the process requires less time, steam and work. By replacing a part of the alkalis by products of decomposition of albumen the fiber is spared, particularly when energetically treating the same with caustic alkali and hot baths, which is particularly conspicuous in bucking. Further, the goods which have thus been bucked require less oxidizing media for full bleaching. Mercerizatlon is carried out with lower concentration of the lye and more uniformly, while the efiect is the same. This result is particularly conspicuous in connection with raw materials.
Another reason for the saving of the fiber material is found in the fact that by the addition of the albumen decomposition products a reducing property is imparted to the alkaline solutions, so that the formation of oxy-cellulose so is prevented in a more effective way.
According to the object aimed at I use up to 20 grammes of albumen perliter of the bath,
which albumen has before been decomposed by known methods to, transformation products of 5 lower molecularity. But the composition of the bath may be varied in accordance with the degree of the decomposition of the albuminous matter. I
In the manufacture of such decomposition products I use animal orvegetable albuminous bodies as raw materials, such as albumen, casein, glue, hide, meat; hair, fruits, seeds, gluten'and .the like. The decomposition is carried out by known methods by means of alkalis, acids, oxydation media, pectases, steam, etc. The results of the decomposition are albumosea-peptones peptides, polymerization products, esters and amino-acids. when sufliciently decomposed the said products are soluble in water and'non-sensitive -against alkalis andvalkaline earths, and they have a low sensitiveness as against acids and an increase of the temperature of watery solution.
4 For the present purpose albuminous bodies may be used which have been more or less decomposed. But the. best results are obtained when the products in diluted solution to which caustic alkali and a few'drops of diluted cupric I sulfate solution are added, still have a dyeing 110 lye.
effect and give the so-called biuret-reaction. Further good results are obtained with decomposition products which are related to the aforesaid products as to the degree of the decomposition, though the efiiciency is less conspicuous, but it acts in the same sense and has a protective property. The last stages of the decomposition of the albuminous bodies, such as the amino-acids, are less suitable for the present process, and they have only a very small effect.
For convenience in defining the invention it will be understood that the expression primary decomposition products" is intended to describe such products as are formed by the decomposition of albuminous substances or proteins in which the decomposition has not proceeded to an extent suflicient to develop amino acids in any substantial amount, for example, albumoses, peptones, peptides, etc.
Example 1.For bucking 1000 kilogrammes of cotton fabric from which the size has been removed I use 18 kilogrammes of caustic soda, 900 grammes of soda powder, and 2 kilogrammes of casein which before has been decomposed by short boiling with 8 kilogrammes of 15% soda The chemical matter is dissolved in 2200 liters of water.
Example 2.Raw cotton yarn is mercerized with cold soda lye of 19 B. to which, per liter,
5! B. and water and a temperature of 40 C.
thereafter they are washed 45 minutes with 15 liters of soda lye of 5 B. and water of 40 C., 2 liters of soap solution (1:15) and 200 grammes of albumen decomposed as stated in Example 1. Finally they are bleached and washed 10 minutes with oxygen.
Example 4.For preparing raw cotton fabric for dyeing, the said fabric is first freed of size, thereafter it is boiled half an hour open and without pressure, in a known machine such as a vat, a jigger, a continue machine, with a solution which contains, per liter, 6 grammes of soda powder and gramme of glue which before has been decomposed by heating with diluted hydrochloric acid so far that the biuret reac tion gives a violet to pink colour.
I claim:
1. A process of treating vegetable fiber material, which comprises applying to the material an alkaline treating liquid containing primary decomposition products of albuminous substances.
2. A process of improving the wetting properties of alkaline baths for treating vegetable fiber material, which comprises introducing in such baths primary decomposition products of albuminous substances.
3. A medium for treating vegetable fiber material, which comprises an alkaline treating liquid including a primary decomposition product of a protein.
4. A medium for treating vegetable fiber material which comprises an alkaline treating liquid including a partial decomposition product of an albuminous substance selected from the group consisting of albumoses, peptones, peptides, polymerization products, esters, and amino acids.
MORITZ FREIBERGER.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1927363X | 1927-12-23 | ||
| GB1452132A GB398958A (en) | 1932-05-21 | 1932-05-21 | Improvements in and relating to alkaline treatment baths for vegetable and regenerated cellulose fibres |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1927363A true US1927363A (en) | 1933-09-19 |
Family
ID=26011410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US612653A Expired - Lifetime US1927363A (en) | 1927-12-23 | 1932-05-20 | Process of treating vegetable or artificial fibers or fiber material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1927363A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2730428A (en) * | 1950-10-21 | 1956-01-10 | Tepha Ges Fur Pharmazeutische | Method and composition for washing and bleaching fibrous materials |
-
1932
- 1932-05-20 US US612653A patent/US1927363A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2730428A (en) * | 1950-10-21 | 1956-01-10 | Tepha Ges Fur Pharmazeutische | Method and composition for washing and bleaching fibrous materials |
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